Merge "Address comments and final cleanup from refcounting integration"
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java b/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
index 4e474c8..f525b1f 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@
     private String mIfaceName;
     private ArrayList<LinkAddress> mLinkAddresses = new ArrayList<LinkAddress>();
     private ArrayList<InetAddress> mDnses = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+    private boolean mUsePrivateDns;
+    private String mPrivateDnsServerName;
     private String mDomains;
     private ArrayList<RouteInfo> mRoutes = new ArrayList<RouteInfo>();
     private ProxyInfo mHttpProxy;
@@ -165,6 +167,8 @@
             mIfaceName = source.getInterfaceName();
             for (LinkAddress l : source.getLinkAddresses()) mLinkAddresses.add(l);
             for (InetAddress i : source.getDnsServers()) mDnses.add(i);
+            mUsePrivateDns = source.mUsePrivateDns;
+            mPrivateDnsServerName = source.mPrivateDnsServerName;
             mDomains = source.getDomains();
             for (RouteInfo r : source.getRoutes()) mRoutes.add(r);
             mHttpProxy = (source.getHttpProxy() == null)  ?
@@ -391,6 +395,59 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Set whether private DNS is currently in use on this network.
+     *
+     * @param usePrivateDns The private DNS state.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void setUsePrivateDns(boolean usePrivateDns) {
+        mUsePrivateDns = usePrivateDns;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether private DNS is currently in use on this network. When
+     * private DNS is in use, applications must not send unencrypted DNS
+     * queries as doing so could reveal private user information. Furthermore,
+     * if private DNS is in use and {@link #getPrivateDnsServerName} is not
+     * {@code null}, DNS queries must be sent to the specified DNS server.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if private DNS is in use, {@code false} otherwise.
+     */
+    public boolean isPrivateDnsActive() {
+        return mUsePrivateDns;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the name of the private DNS server to which private DNS queries
+     * should be sent when in strict mode. This value should be {@code null}
+     * when private DNS is off or in opportunistic mode.
+     *
+     * @param privateDnsServerName The private DNS server name.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void setPrivateDnsServerName(@Nullable String privateDnsServerName) {
+        mPrivateDnsServerName = privateDnsServerName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the private DNS server name that is in use. If not {@code null},
+     * private DNS is in strict mode. In this mode, applications should ensure
+     * that all DNS queries are encrypted and sent to this hostname and that
+     * queries are only sent if the hostname's certificate is valid. If
+     * {@code null} and {@link #isPrivateDnsActive} is {@code true}, private
+     * DNS is in opportunistic mode, and applications should ensure that DNS
+     * queries are encrypted and sent to a DNS server returned by
+     * {@link #getDnsServers}. System DNS will handle each of these cases
+     * correctly, but applications implementing their own DNS lookups must make
+     * sure to follow these requirements.
+     *
+     * @return The private DNS server name.
+     */
+    public @Nullable String getPrivateDnsServerName() {
+        return mPrivateDnsServerName;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Sets the DNS domain search path used on this link.
      *
      * @param domains A {@link String} listing in priority order the comma separated
@@ -622,6 +679,8 @@
         mIfaceName = null;
         mLinkAddresses.clear();
         mDnses.clear();
+        mUsePrivateDns = false;
+        mPrivateDnsServerName = null;
         mDomains = null;
         mRoutes.clear();
         mHttpProxy = null;
@@ -649,6 +708,13 @@
         for (InetAddress addr : mDnses) dns += addr.getHostAddress() + ",";
         dns += "] ";
 
+        String usePrivateDns = "UsePrivateDns: " + mUsePrivateDns + " ";
+
+        String privateDnsServerName = "";
+        if (privateDnsServerName != null) {
+            privateDnsServerName = "PrivateDnsServerName: " + mPrivateDnsServerName + " ";
+        }
+
         String domainName = "Domains: " + mDomains;
 
         String mtu = " MTU: " + mMtu;
@@ -671,8 +737,9 @@
             }
             stacked += "] ";
         }
-        return "{" + ifaceName + linkAddresses + routes + dns + domainName + mtu
-            + tcpBuffSizes + proxy + stacked + "}";
+        return "{" + ifaceName + linkAddresses + routes + dns + usePrivateDns
+            + privateDnsServerName + domainName + mtu + tcpBuffSizes + proxy
+            + stacked + "}";
     }
 
     /**
@@ -896,6 +963,20 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} private DNS settings against the
+     * target.
+     *
+     * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
+     * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isIdenticalPrivateDns(LinkProperties target) {
+        return (isPrivateDnsActive() == target.isPrivateDnsActive()
+                && TextUtils.equals(getPrivateDnsServerName(),
+                target.getPrivateDnsServerName()));
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} Routes against the target
      *
      * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
@@ -989,14 +1070,15 @@
          * stacked interfaces are not so much a property of the link as a
          * description of connections between links.
          */
-        return isIdenticalInterfaceName(target) &&
-                isIdenticalAddresses(target) &&
-                isIdenticalDnses(target) &&
-                isIdenticalRoutes(target) &&
-                isIdenticalHttpProxy(target) &&
-                isIdenticalStackedLinks(target) &&
-                isIdenticalMtu(target) &&
-                isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target);
+        return isIdenticalInterfaceName(target)
+                && isIdenticalAddresses(target)
+                && isIdenticalDnses(target)
+                && isIdenticalPrivateDns(target)
+                && isIdenticalRoutes(target)
+                && isIdenticalHttpProxy(target)
+                && isIdenticalStackedLinks(target)
+                && isIdenticalMtu(target)
+                && isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1091,7 +1173,9 @@
                 + ((null == mHttpProxy) ? 0 : mHttpProxy.hashCode())
                 + mStackedLinks.hashCode() * 47)
                 + mMtu * 51
-                + ((null == mTcpBufferSizes) ? 0 : mTcpBufferSizes.hashCode());
+                + ((null == mTcpBufferSizes) ? 0 : mTcpBufferSizes.hashCode())
+                + (mUsePrivateDns ? 57 : 0)
+                + ((null == mPrivateDnsServerName) ? 0 : mPrivateDnsServerName.hashCode());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1108,6 +1192,8 @@
         for(InetAddress d : mDnses) {
             dest.writeByteArray(d.getAddress());
         }
+        dest.writeBoolean(mUsePrivateDns);
+        dest.writeString(mPrivateDnsServerName);
         dest.writeString(mDomains);
         dest.writeInt(mMtu);
         dest.writeString(mTcpBufferSizes);
@@ -1148,6 +1234,8 @@
                         netProp.addDnsServer(InetAddress.getByAddress(in.createByteArray()));
                     } catch (UnknownHostException e) { }
                 }
+                netProp.setUsePrivateDns(in.readBoolean());
+                netProp.setPrivateDnsServerName(in.readString());
                 netProp.setDomains(in.readString());
                 netProp.setMtu(in.readInt());
                 netProp.setTcpBufferSizes(in.readString());
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index 7c897de..be85583 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@
             NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL,
             NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING,
             NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND,
+            NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED,
     })
     public @interface NetCapability { }
 
@@ -234,8 +235,17 @@
      */
     public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND = 19;
 
+    /**
+     * Indicates that this network is not congested.
+     * <p>
+     * When a network is congested, the device should defer network traffic that
+     * can be done at a later time without breaking developer contracts.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED = 20;
+
     private static final int MIN_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_MMS;
-    private static final int MAX_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND;
+    private static final int MAX_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED;
 
     /**
      * Network capabilities that are expected to be mutable, i.e., can change while a particular
@@ -248,7 +258,8 @@
             (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED) |
             (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL) |
             (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING) |
-            (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND);
+            (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND) |
+            (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED);
 
     /**
      * Network capabilities that are not allowed in NetworkRequests. This exists because the
@@ -386,12 +397,9 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public String describeFirstNonRequestableCapability() {
-        if (hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)) return "NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED";
-        if (hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL)) return "NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL";
-        if (hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND)) return "NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND";
-        // This cannot happen unless the preceding checks are incomplete.
-        if ((mNetworkCapabilities & NON_REQUESTABLE_CAPABILITIES) != 0) {
-            return "unknown non-requestable capabilities " + Long.toHexString(mNetworkCapabilities);
+        final long nonRequestable = (mNetworkCapabilities & NON_REQUESTABLE_CAPABILITIES);
+        if (nonRequestable != 0) {
+            return capabilityNameOf(BitUtils.unpackBits(nonRequestable)[0]);
         }
         if (mLinkUpBandwidthKbps != 0 || mLinkDownBandwidthKbps != 0) return "link bandwidth";
         if (hasSignalStrength()) return "signalStrength";
@@ -1056,6 +1064,7 @@
             case NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL: return "CAPTIVE_PORTAL";
             case NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING:    return "NOT_ROAMING";
             case NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND:     return "FOREGROUND";
+            case NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED:  return "NOT_CONGESTED";
             default:                            return Integer.toString(capability);
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index ed1e011..ea6bc17 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo.DetailedState;
 import android.net.NetworkMisc;
+import android.net.NetworkPolicyManager;
 import android.net.NetworkQuotaInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@
 import com.android.server.am.BatteryStatsService;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DataConnectionStats;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.IpConnectivityMetrics;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.KeepaliveTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.LingerMonitor;
@@ -399,6 +401,9 @@
      */
     private static final int EVENT_REVALIDATE_NETWORK = 36;
 
+    // Handle changes in Private DNS settings.
+    private static final int EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_SETTINGS_CHANGED = 37;
+
     private static String eventName(int what) {
         return sMagicDecoderRing.get(what, Integer.toString(what));
     }
@@ -863,6 +868,7 @@
         mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.start();
 
         mDnsManager = new DnsManager(mContext, mNetd, mSystemProperties);
+        registerPrivateDnsSettingsCallbacks();
     }
 
     private Tethering makeTethering() {
@@ -923,6 +929,12 @@
                 EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON);
     }
 
+    private void registerPrivateDnsSettingsCallbacks() {
+        for (Uri u : DnsManager.getPrivateDnsSettingsUris()) {
+            mSettingsObserver.observe(u, EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_SETTINGS_CHANGED);
+        }
+    }
+
     private synchronized int nextNetworkRequestId() {
         return mNextNetworkRequestId++;
     }
@@ -1467,15 +1479,12 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    private final INetworkPolicyListener mPolicyListener = new INetworkPolicyListener.Stub() {
+    private final INetworkPolicyListener mPolicyListener = new NetworkPolicyManager.Listener() {
         @Override
         public void onUidRulesChanged(int uid, int uidRules) {
             // TODO: notify UID when it has requested targeted updates
         }
         @Override
-        public void onMeteredIfacesChanged(String[] meteredIfaces) {
-        }
-        @Override
         public void onRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground) {
             // TODO: relocate this specific callback in Tethering.
             if (restrictBackground) {
@@ -1483,9 +1492,6 @@
                 mTethering.untetherAll();
             }
         }
-        @Override
-        public void onUidPoliciesChanged(int uid, int uidPolicies) {
-        }
     };
 
     /**
@@ -2086,36 +2092,59 @@
                     synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
                         nai = mNetworkForNetId.get(msg.arg2);
                     }
-                    if (nai != null) {
-                        final boolean valid =
-                                (msg.arg1 == NetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID);
-                        final boolean wasValidated = nai.lastValidated;
-                        final boolean wasDefault = isDefaultNetwork(nai);
-                        if (DBG) log(nai.name() + " validation " + (valid ? "passed" : "failed") +
-                                (msg.obj == null ? "" : " with redirect to " + (String)msg.obj));
-                        if (valid != nai.lastValidated) {
-                            if (wasDefault) {
-                                metricsLogger().defaultNetworkMetrics().logDefaultNetworkValidity(
-                                        SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), valid);
-                            }
-                            final int oldScore = nai.getCurrentScore();
-                            nai.lastValidated = valid;
-                            nai.everValidated |= valid;
-                            updateCapabilities(oldScore, nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
-                            // If score has changed, rebroadcast to NetworkFactories. b/17726566
-                            if (oldScore != nai.getCurrentScore()) sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(nai);
+                    if (nai == null) break;
+
+                    final boolean valid = (msg.arg1 == NetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID);
+                    final boolean wasValidated = nai.lastValidated;
+                    final boolean wasDefault = isDefaultNetwork(nai);
+
+                    final PrivateDnsConfig privateDnsCfg = (msg.obj instanceof PrivateDnsConfig)
+                            ? (PrivateDnsConfig) msg.obj : null;
+                    final String redirectUrl = (msg.obj instanceof String) ? (String) msg.obj : "";
+
+                    final boolean reevaluationRequired;
+                    final String logMsg;
+                    if (valid) {
+                        reevaluationRequired = updatePrivateDns(nai, privateDnsCfg);
+                        logMsg = (DBG && (privateDnsCfg != null))
+                                 ? " with " + privateDnsCfg.toString() : "";
+                    } else {
+                        reevaluationRequired = false;
+                        logMsg = (DBG && !TextUtils.isEmpty(redirectUrl))
+                                 ? " with redirect to " + redirectUrl : "";
+                    }
+                    if (DBG) {
+                        log(nai.name() + " validation " + (valid ? "passed" : "failed") + logMsg);
+                    }
+                    // If there is a change in Private DNS configuration,
+                    // trigger reevaluation of the network to test it.
+                    if (reevaluationRequired) {
+                        nai.networkMonitor.sendMessage(
+                                NetworkMonitor.CMD_FORCE_REEVALUATION, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if (valid != nai.lastValidated) {
+                        if (wasDefault) {
+                            metricsLogger().defaultNetworkMetrics().logDefaultNetworkValidity(
+                                    SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), valid);
                         }
-                        updateInetCondition(nai);
-                        // Let the NetworkAgent know the state of its network
-                        Bundle redirectUrlBundle = new Bundle();
-                        redirectUrlBundle.putString(NetworkAgent.REDIRECT_URL_KEY, (String)msg.obj);
-                        nai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(
-                                NetworkAgent.CMD_REPORT_NETWORK_STATUS,
-                                (valid ? NetworkAgent.VALID_NETWORK : NetworkAgent.INVALID_NETWORK),
-                                0, redirectUrlBundle);
-                         if (wasValidated && !nai.lastValidated) {
-                             handleNetworkUnvalidated(nai);
-                         }
+                        final int oldScore = nai.getCurrentScore();
+                        nai.lastValidated = valid;
+                        nai.everValidated |= valid;
+                        updateCapabilities(oldScore, nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
+                        // If score has changed, rebroadcast to NetworkFactories. b/17726566
+                        if (oldScore != nai.getCurrentScore()) sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(nai);
+                    }
+                    updateInetCondition(nai);
+                    // Let the NetworkAgent know the state of its network
+                    Bundle redirectUrlBundle = new Bundle();
+                    redirectUrlBundle.putString(NetworkAgent.REDIRECT_URL_KEY, redirectUrl);
+                    nai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(
+                            NetworkAgent.CMD_REPORT_NETWORK_STATUS,
+                            (valid ? NetworkAgent.VALID_NETWORK : NetworkAgent.INVALID_NETWORK),
+                            0, redirectUrlBundle);
+                    if (wasValidated && !nai.lastValidated) {
+                        handleNetworkUnvalidated(nai);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -2155,6 +2184,21 @@
                     }
                     break;
                 }
+                case NetworkMonitor.EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED: {
+                    final NetworkAgentInfo nai;
+                    synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
+                        nai = mNetworkForNetId.get(msg.arg2);
+                    }
+                    if (nai == null) break;
+
+                    final PrivateDnsConfig cfg = (PrivateDnsConfig) msg.obj;
+                    final boolean reevaluationRequired = updatePrivateDns(nai, cfg);
+                    if (nai.lastValidated && reevaluationRequired) {
+                        nai.networkMonitor.sendMessage(
+                                NetworkMonitor.CMD_FORCE_REEVALUATION, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
             }
             return true;
         }
@@ -2190,6 +2234,63 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void handlePrivateDnsSettingsChanged() {
+        final PrivateDnsConfig cfg = mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig();
+
+        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+            // Private DNS only ever applies to networks that might provide
+            // Internet access and therefore also require validation.
+            if (!NetworkMonitor.isValidationRequired(
+                    mDefaultRequest.networkCapabilities, nai.networkCapabilities)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Notify the NetworkMonitor thread in case it needs to cancel or
+            // schedule DNS resolutions. If a DNS resolution is required the
+            // result will be sent back to us.
+            nai.networkMonitor.notifyPrivateDnsSettingsChanged(cfg);
+
+            if (!cfg.inStrictMode()) {
+                // No strict mode hostname DNS resolution needed, so just update
+                // DNS settings directly. In opportunistic and "off" modes this
+                // just reprograms netd with the network-supplied DNS servers
+                // (and of course the boolean of whether or not to attempt TLS).
+                //
+                // TODO: Consider code flow parity with strict mode, i.e. having
+                // NetworkMonitor relay the PrivateDnsConfig back to us and then
+                // performing this call at that time.
+                updatePrivateDns(nai, cfg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean updatePrivateDns(NetworkAgentInfo nai, PrivateDnsConfig newCfg) {
+        final boolean reevaluationRequired = true;
+        final boolean dontReevaluate = false;
+
+        final PrivateDnsConfig oldCfg = mDnsManager.updatePrivateDns(nai.network, newCfg);
+        updateDnses(nai.linkProperties, null, nai.network.netId);
+
+        if (newCfg == null) {
+            if (oldCfg == null) return dontReevaluate;
+            return oldCfg.useTls ? reevaluationRequired : dontReevaluate;
+        }
+
+        if (oldCfg == null) {
+            return newCfg.useTls ? reevaluationRequired : dontReevaluate;
+        }
+
+        if (oldCfg.useTls != newCfg.useTls) {
+            return reevaluationRequired;
+        }
+
+        if (newCfg.inStrictMode() && !Objects.equals(oldCfg.hostname, newCfg.hostname)) {
+            return reevaluationRequired;
+        }
+
+        return dontReevaluate;
+    }
+
     private void updateLingerState(NetworkAgentInfo nai, long now) {
         // 1. Update the linger timer. If it's changed, reschedule or cancel the alarm.
         // 2. If the network was lingering and there are now requests, unlinger it.
@@ -2324,6 +2425,7 @@
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     loge("Exception removing network: " + e);
                 }
+                mDnsManager.removeNetwork(nai.network);
             }
             synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
                 mNetIdInUse.delete(nai.network.netId);
@@ -2870,6 +2972,9 @@
                     handleReportNetworkConnectivity((Network) msg.obj, msg.arg1, toBool(msg.arg2));
                     break;
                 }
+                case EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_SETTINGS_CHANGED:
+                    handlePrivateDnsSettingsChanged();
+                    break;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -4559,11 +4664,12 @@
         final NetworkAgentInfo defaultNai = getDefaultNetwork();
         final boolean isDefaultNetwork = (defaultNai != null && defaultNai.network.netId == netId);
 
-        Collection<InetAddress> dnses = newLp.getDnsServers();
-        if (DBG) log("Setting DNS servers for network " + netId + " to " + dnses);
+        if (DBG) {
+            final Collection<InetAddress> dnses = newLp.getDnsServers();
+            log("Setting DNS servers for network " + netId + " to " + dnses);
+        }
         try {
-            mDnsManager.setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(
-                    netId, dnses, newLp.getDomains(), isDefaultNetwork);
+            mDnsManager.setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(netId, newLp, isDefaultNetwork);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             loge("Exception in setDnsConfigurationForNetwork: " + e);
         }
@@ -4851,10 +4957,12 @@
         } catch (Exception e) {
             loge("Exception setting default network :" + e);
         }
+
         notifyLockdownVpn(newNetwork);
         handleApplyDefaultProxy(newNetwork.linkProperties.getHttpProxy());
         updateTcpBufferSizes(newNetwork);
         mDnsManager.setDefaultDnsSystemProperties(newNetwork.linkProperties.getDnsServers());
+        notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
     }
 
     private void processListenRequests(NetworkAgentInfo nai, boolean capabilitiesChanged) {
@@ -5428,12 +5536,30 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Returns the list of all interfaces that could be used by network traffic that does not
+     * explicitly specify a network. This includes the default network, but also all VPNs that are
+     * currently connected.
+     *
+     * Must be called on the handler thread.
+     */
+    private Network[] getDefaultNetworks() {
+        ArrayList<Network> defaultNetworks = new ArrayList<>();
+        NetworkAgentInfo defaultNetwork = getDefaultNetwork();
+        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+            if (nai.everConnected && (nai == defaultNetwork || nai.isVPN())) {
+                defaultNetworks.add(nai.network);
+            }
+        }
+        return defaultNetworks.toArray(new Network[0]);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Notify NetworkStatsService that the set of active ifaces has changed, or that one of the
      * properties tracked by NetworkStatsService on an active iface has changed.
      */
     private void notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats() {
         try {
-            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces(getDefaultNetworks());
         } catch (Exception ignored) {
         }
     }
@@ -5465,7 +5591,7 @@
             success = mVpns.get(user).setUnderlyingNetworks(networks);
         }
         if (success) {
-            notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
+            mHandler.post(() -> notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats());
         }
         return success;
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
index a4170ce..a1c54bd 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MIN_SAMPLES;
@@ -29,19 +30,32 @@
 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
+import android.net.LinkProperties;
+import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
+import android.net.Uri;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.system.GaiException;
+import android.system.OsConstants;
+import android.system.StructAddrinfo;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Slog;
 
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
 
+import libcore.io.Libcore;
+
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 
 /**
@@ -61,10 +75,86 @@
     private static final int DNS_RESOLVER_DEFAULT_MIN_SAMPLES = 8;
     private static final int DNS_RESOLVER_DEFAULT_MAX_SAMPLES = 64;
 
+    public static class PrivateDnsConfig {
+        public final boolean useTls;
+        public final String hostname;
+        public final InetAddress[] ips;
+
+        public PrivateDnsConfig() {
+            this(false);
+        }
+
+        public PrivateDnsConfig(boolean useTls) {
+            this.useTls = useTls;
+            this.hostname = "";
+            this.ips = new InetAddress[0];
+        }
+
+        public PrivateDnsConfig(String hostname, InetAddress[] ips) {
+            this.useTls = !TextUtils.isEmpty(hostname);
+            this.hostname = useTls ? hostname : "";
+            this.ips = (ips != null) ? ips : new InetAddress[0];
+        }
+
+        public PrivateDnsConfig(PrivateDnsConfig cfg) {
+            useTls = cfg.useTls;
+            hostname = cfg.hostname;
+            ips = cfg.ips;
+        }
+
+        public boolean inStrictMode() {
+            return useTls && !TextUtils.isEmpty(hostname);
+        }
+
+        public String toString() {
+            return PrivateDnsConfig.class.getSimpleName() +
+                    "{" + useTls + ":" + hostname + "/" + Arrays.toString(ips) + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static PrivateDnsConfig getPrivateDnsConfig(ContentResolver cr) {
+        final String mode = getPrivateDnsMode(cr);
+
+        final boolean useTls = !TextUtils.isEmpty(mode) && !PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF.equals(mode);
+
+        if (PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME.equals(mode)) {
+            final String specifier = getStringSetting(cr, PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER);
+            return new PrivateDnsConfig(specifier, null);
+        }
+
+        return new PrivateDnsConfig(useTls);
+    }
+
+    public static PrivateDnsConfig tryBlockingResolveOf(Network network, String name) {
+        final StructAddrinfo hints = new StructAddrinfo();
+        // Unnecessary, but expressly no AI_ADDRCONFIG.
+        hints.ai_flags = 0;
+        // Fetch all IP addresses at once to minimize re-resolution.
+        hints.ai_family = OsConstants.AF_UNSPEC;
+        hints.ai_socktype = OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
+
+        try {
+            final InetAddress[] ips = Libcore.os.android_getaddrinfo(name, hints, network.netId);
+            if (ips != null && ips.length > 0) {
+                return new PrivateDnsConfig(name, ips);
+            }
+        } catch (GaiException ignored) {}
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static Uri[] getPrivateDnsSettingsUris() {
+        final Uri[] uris = new Uri[2];
+        uris[0] = Settings.Global.getUriFor(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE);
+        uris[1] = Settings.Global.getUriFor(PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER);
+        return uris;
+    }
+
     private final Context mContext;
     private final ContentResolver mContentResolver;
     private final INetworkManagementService mNMS;
     private final MockableSystemProperties mSystemProperties;
+    private final Map<Integer, PrivateDnsConfig> mPrivateDnsMap;
 
     private int mNumDnsEntries;
     private int mSampleValidity;
@@ -79,44 +169,55 @@
         mContentResolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
         mNMS = nms;
         mSystemProperties = sp;
+        mPrivateDnsMap = new HashMap<>();
 
         // TODO: Create and register ContentObservers to track every setting
         // used herein, posting messages to respond to changes.
     }
 
-    public boolean isPrivateDnsInStrictMode() {
-        return !TextUtils.isEmpty(mPrivateDnsMode) &&
-               mPrivateDnsMode.startsWith(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME) &&
-               !TextUtils.isEmpty(mPrivateDnsSpecifier);
+    public PrivateDnsConfig getPrivateDnsConfig() {
+        return getPrivateDnsConfig(mContentResolver);
+    }
+
+    public void removeNetwork(Network network) {
+        mPrivateDnsMap.remove(network.netId);
+    }
+
+    public PrivateDnsConfig updatePrivateDns(Network network, PrivateDnsConfig cfg) {
+        Slog.w(TAG, "updatePrivateDns(" + network + ", " + cfg + ")");
+        return (cfg != null)
+                ? mPrivateDnsMap.put(network.netId, cfg)
+                : mPrivateDnsMap.remove(network);
     }
 
     public void setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(
-            int netId, Collection<InetAddress> servers, String domains, boolean isDefaultNetwork) {
-        updateParametersSettings();
-        updatePrivateDnsSettings();
+            int netId, LinkProperties lp, boolean isDefaultNetwork) {
+        // We only use the PrivateDnsConfig data pushed to this class instance
+        // from ConnectivityService because it works in coordination with
+        // NetworkMonitor to decide which networks need validation and runs the
+        // blocking calls to resolve Private DNS strict mode hostnames.
+        //
+        // At this time we do attempt to enable Private DNS on non-Internet
+        // networks like IMS.
+        final PrivateDnsConfig privateDnsCfg = mPrivateDnsMap.get(netId);
 
-        final String[] serverStrs = NetworkUtils.makeStrings(servers);
-        final String[] domainStrs = (domains == null) ? new String[0] : domains.split(" ");
+        final boolean useTls = (privateDnsCfg != null) && privateDnsCfg.useTls;
+        final boolean strictMode = (privateDnsCfg != null) && privateDnsCfg.inStrictMode();
+        final String tlsHostname = strictMode ? privateDnsCfg.hostname : "";
+
+        final String[] serverStrs = NetworkUtils.makeStrings(
+                strictMode ? Arrays.stream(privateDnsCfg.ips)
+                                   .filter((ip) -> lp.isReachable(ip))
+                                   .collect(Collectors.toList())
+                           : lp.getDnsServers());
+        final String[] domainStrs = getDomainStrings(lp.getDomains());
+
+        updateParametersSettings();
         final int[] params = { mSampleValidity, mSuccessThreshold, mMinSamples, mMaxSamples };
-        final boolean useTls = shouldUseTls(mPrivateDnsMode);
-        // TODO: Populate tlsHostname once it's decided how the hostname's IP
-        // addresses will be resolved:
-        //
-        //     [1] network-provided DNS servers are included here with the
-        //         hostname and netd will use the network-provided servers to
-        //         resolve the hostname and fix up its internal structures, or
-        //
-        //     [2] network-provided DNS servers are included here without the
-        //         hostname, the ConnectivityService layer resolves the given
-        //         hostname, and then reconfigures netd with this information.
-        //
-        // In practice, there will always be a need for ConnectivityService or
-        // the captive portal app to use the network-provided services to make
-        // some queries. This argues in favor of [1], in concert with another
-        // mechanism, perhaps setting a high bit in the netid, to indicate
-        // via existing DNS APIs which set of servers (network-provided or
-        // non-network-provided private DNS) should be queried.
-        final String tlsHostname = "";
+
+        Slog.d(TAG, String.format("setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(%d, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",
+                netId, Arrays.toString(serverStrs), Arrays.toString(domainStrs),
+                Arrays.toString(params), useTls, tlsHostname));
         try {
             mNMS.setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(
                     netId, serverStrs, domainStrs, params, useTls, tlsHostname);
@@ -129,7 +230,7 @@
         // default network, and we should just set net.dns1 to ::1, not least
         // because applications attempting to use net.dns resolvers will bypass
         // the privacy protections of things like DNS-over-TLS.
-        if (isDefaultNetwork) setDefaultDnsSystemProperties(servers);
+        if (isDefaultNetwork) setDefaultDnsSystemProperties(lp.getDnsServers());
         flushVmDnsCache();
     }
 
@@ -163,11 +264,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void updatePrivateDnsSettings() {
-        mPrivateDnsMode = getStringSetting(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE);
-        mPrivateDnsSpecifier = getStringSetting(PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER);
-    }
-
     private void updateParametersSettings() {
         mSampleValidity = getIntSetting(
                 DNS_RESOLVER_SAMPLE_VALIDITY_SECONDS,
@@ -198,10 +294,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private String getStringSetting(String which) {
-        return Settings.Global.getString(mContentResolver, which);
-    }
-
     private int getIntSetting(String which, int dflt) {
         return Settings.Global.getInt(mContentResolver, which, dflt);
     }
@@ -216,11 +308,16 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static boolean shouldUseTls(String mode) {
-        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mode)) {
-            mode = PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
-        }
-        return mode.equals(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC) ||
-               mode.startsWith(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME);
+    private static String getPrivateDnsMode(ContentResolver cr) {
+        final String mode = getStringSetting(cr, PRIVATE_DNS_MODE);
+        return !TextUtils.isEmpty(mode) ? mode : PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
+    }
+
+    private static String getStringSetting(ContentResolver cr, String which) {
+        return Settings.Global.getString(cr, which);
+    }
+
+    private static String[] getDomainStrings(String domains) {
+        return (TextUtils.isEmpty(domains)) ? new String[0] : domains.split(" ");
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
index 52da79a..f3c22a5 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalDnses(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalDnses(source));
 
+        assertTrue(source.isIdenticalPrivateDns(target));
+        assertTrue(target.isIdenticalPrivateDns(source));
+
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalRoutes(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalRoutes(source));
 
@@ -91,6 +94,9 @@
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalMtu(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalMtu(source));
 
+        assertTrue(source.isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target));
+        assertTrue(target.isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(source));
+
         // Check result of equals().
         assertTrue(source.equals(target));
         assertTrue(target.equals(source));
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
index 25289ba..035a4cd 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES;
@@ -56,71 +59,75 @@
     @Test
     public void testFindIndex() throws Exception {
         final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 5)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1024L,
-                        8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                        1024L, 8L, 11)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                        1024L, 8L, 11)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1024L,
-                        8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 1024L,
-                        8L, 1024L, 8L, 12);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 1024L, 8L, 11)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 0L, 0L, 1024L, 8L, 11)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 12);
 
         assertEquals(4, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES,
-                ROAMING_YES));
+                ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES));
         assertEquals(3, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO));
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO));
         assertEquals(2, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES,
-                ROAMING_NO));
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES));
         assertEquals(1, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO));
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO));
         assertEquals(0, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO));
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES));
         assertEquals(-1, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 6, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO));
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO));
+        assertEquals(-1, stats.findIndex(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testFindIndexHinted() {
         final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1024L,
-                        8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                        1024L, 8L, 11)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1024L,
-                        8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 1024L, 8L, 11)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        1024L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                        1024L, 8L, 11)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                        1024L, 8L, 11)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1024L,
-                        8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 1024L,
-                        8L, 1024L, 8L, 12);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 10)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 0L, 0L, 1024L, 8L, 11)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 1024L, 8L, 11)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 12)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 12);
 
         // verify that we correctly find across regardless of hinting
         for (int hint = 0; hint < stats.size(); hint++) {
             assertEquals(0, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
             assertEquals(1, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, hint));
             assertEquals(2, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
             assertEquals(3, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, hint));
             assertEquals(4, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
             assertEquals(5, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D,
-                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, hint));
             assertEquals(6, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
             assertEquals(7, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, hint));
+                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, hint));
             assertEquals(-1, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE, 6, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, hint));
+                    METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
+            assertEquals(-1, stats.findIndexHinted(TEST_IFACE2, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, hint));
         }
     }
 
@@ -131,50 +138,50 @@
         assertEquals(0, stats.size());
         assertEquals(4, stats.internalSize());
 
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1L, 1L,
-                2L, 2L, 3);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 2L, 2L,
-                2L, 2L, 4);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 3L,
-                3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 3L,
-                3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 4);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
 
         assertEquals(4, stats.size());
         assertEquals(4, stats.internalSize());
 
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 4L,
-                40L, 4L, 40L, 7);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 5L,
-                50L, 4L, 40L, 8);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 6L,
-                60L, 5L, 50L, 10);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 7L,
-                70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
-        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 7L,
-                70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 4L, 40L, 4L, 40L, 7);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 5L, 50L, 4L, 40L, 8);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 6L, 60L, 5L, 50L, 10);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
+        stats.addValues(TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
 
         assertEquals(9, stats.size());
         assertTrue(stats.internalSize() >= 9);
 
         assertValues(stats, 0, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3);
         assertValues(stats, 1, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 4);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 4);
         assertValues(stats, 2, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
-                3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
         assertValues(stats, 3, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES,
-                ROAMING_YES, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
+                ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 5);
         assertValues(stats, 4, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                4L, 40L, 4L, 40L, 7);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 4L, 40L, 4L, 40L, 7);
         assertValues(stats, 5, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                5L, 50L, 4L, 40L, 8);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 5L, 50L, 4L, 40L, 8);
         assertValues(stats, 6, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                6L, 60L, 5L, 50L, 10);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 6L, 60L, 5L, 50L, 10);
         assertValues(stats, 7, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
-                7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
         assertValues(stats, 8, TEST_IFACE, TEST_UID, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES,
-                ROAMING_YES, 7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
+                ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 7L, 70L, 5L, 50L, 11);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -187,17 +194,17 @@
                 -128L, -1L, -1);
 
         assertValues(stats, 0, TEST_IFACE, 1001, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                384L, 3L, 128L, 1L, 9);
-        assertValues(stats, 1, TEST_IFACE, 1001, SET_DEFAULT, 0xff, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                1L, 128L, 1L, 2);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 384L, 3L, 128L, 1L, 9);
+        assertValues(stats, 1, TEST_IFACE, 1001, SET_DEFAULT, 0xff, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 2);
 
         // now try combining that should create row
         stats.combineValues(TEST_IFACE, 5005, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 3);
         assertValues(stats, 2, TEST_IFACE, 5005, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 3);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 3);
         stats.combineValues(TEST_IFACE, 5005, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 3);
         assertValues(stats, 2, TEST_IFACE, 5005, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                256L, 2L, 256L, 2L, 6);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 256L, 2L, 256L, 2L, 6);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -213,10 +220,10 @@
         final NetworkStats result = after.subtract(before);
 
         // identical data should result in zero delta
-        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
-        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -232,10 +239,10 @@
         final NetworkStats result = after.subtract(before);
 
         // expect delta between measurements
-        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1L,
-                1L, 2L, 1L, 4);
-        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 3L,
-                1L, 4L, 1L, 8);
+        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 4);
+        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 3L, 1L, 4L, 1L, 8);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -252,12 +259,12 @@
         final NetworkStats result = after.subtract(before);
 
         // its okay to have new rows
-        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
-        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertValues(result, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
         assertValues(result, 2, TEST_IFACE, 102, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 20);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 20);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -274,7 +281,7 @@
         // should silently drop omitted rows
         assertEquals(1, result.size());
         assertValues(result, 0, TEST_IFACE2, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 0);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 0);
         assertEquals(4L, result.getTotalBytes());
     }
 
@@ -301,21 +308,21 @@
         assertEquals(64L, uidTag.getTotalBytes());
 
         final NetworkStats uidMetered = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertEquals(96L, uidMetered.getTotalBytes());
 
         final NetworkStats uidRoaming = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertEquals(96L, uidRoaming.getTotalBytes());
     }
 
@@ -331,38 +338,38 @@
     @Test
     public void testGroupedByIfaceAll() throws Exception {
         final NetworkStats uidStats = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 100, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L,
-                        2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 101, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                        8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 101, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L,
-                        2L, 20L);
+                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 100, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 101, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(IFACE_ALL, 101, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
         final NetworkStats grouped = uidStats.groupedByIface();
 
         assertEquals(3, uidStats.size());
         assertEquals(1, grouped.size());
 
         assertValues(grouped, 0, IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                384L, 24L, 0L, 6L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 384L, 24L, 0L, 6L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testGroupedByIface() throws Exception {
         final NetworkStats uidStats = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 7)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L,
-                        0L, 2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L,
-                        32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 64L, 4L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L,
-                        32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 128L,
-                        8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         final NetworkStats grouped = uidStats.groupedByIface();
 
@@ -370,59 +377,59 @@
 
         assertEquals(2, grouped.size());
         assertValues(grouped, 0, TEST_IFACE, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                384L, 24L, 0L, 2L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 384L, 24L, 0L, 2L, 0L);
         assertValues(grouped, 1, TEST_IFACE2, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                1024L, 64L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 1024L, 64L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testAddAllValues() {
         final NetworkStats first = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 5)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 32L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 32L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         final NetworkStats second = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 2)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 32L, 0L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 32L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES, 32L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         first.combineAllValues(second);
 
         assertEquals(4, first.size());
-        assertValues(first, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 64L,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(first, 0, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(first, 1, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(first, 2, TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_YES,
-                64L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(first, 3, TEST_IFACE2, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testGetTotal() {
         final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 7)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L,
-                        0L, 2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L,
-                        32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 64L, 4L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L,
-                        32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                        8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L, 8L,
-                        0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES, 128L,
-                        8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 512L,32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_YES,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         assertValues(stats.getTotal(null), 1408L, 88L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
         assertValues(stats.getTotal(null, 100), 1280L, 80L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
@@ -449,9 +456,9 @@
         assertEquals(6, before.size());
         assertEquals(2, after.size());
         assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
-        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -489,90 +496,90 @@
         final String underlyingIface = "wlan0";
         final int testTag1 = 8888;
         NetworkStats delta = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 17)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 39605L, 46L,
-                    12259L, 55L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                    0L, 0L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 72667L, 197L,
-                    43909L, 241L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 9297L,
-                    17L, 4128L, 21L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 39605L, 46L, 12259L, 55L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 72667L, 197L, 43909L, 241L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 9297L, 17L, 4128L, 21L, 0L)
             // VPN package also uses some traffic through unprotected network.
-            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 4983L, 10L,
-                    1801L, 12L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L,
-                    0L, 0L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 4983L, 10L, 1801L, 12L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
             // Tag entries
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 21691L, 41L,
-                    13820L, 51L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1281L, 2L,
-                    665L, 2L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 21691L, 41L, 13820L, 51L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1281L, 2L, 665L, 2L, 0L)
             // Irrelevant entries
-            .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1685L, 5L,
-                    2070L, 6L, 0L)
+            .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1685L, 5L, 2070L, 6L, 0L)
             // Underlying Iface entries
-            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 5178L,
-                    8L, 2139L, 11L, 0L)
-            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 0L,
-                    0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 5178L, 8L, 2139L, 11L, 0L)
+            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
             .addValues(underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                    149873L, 287L, 59217L /* smaller than sum(tun0) */,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 149873L, 287L, 59217L /* smaller than sum(tun0) */,
                     299L /* smaller than sum(tun0) */, 0L)
             .addValues(underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                    0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
-        assertTrue(delta.migrateTun(tunUid, tunIface, underlyingIface));
+        assertTrue(delta.toString(), delta.migrateTun(tunUid, tunIface, underlyingIface));
         assertEquals(20, delta.size());
 
         // tunIface and TEST_IFACE entries are not changed.
         assertValues(delta, 0, tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                39605L, 46L, 12259L, 55L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 39605L, 46L, 12259L, 55L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 1, tunIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 2, tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                72667L, 197L, 43909L, 241L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 72667L, 197L, 43909L, 241L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 3, tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                9297L, 17L, 4128L, 21L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 9297L, 17L, 4128L, 21L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 4, tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                4983L, 10L, 1801L, 12L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 4983L, 10L, 1801L, 12L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 5, tunIface, tunUid, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 6, tunIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                21691L, 41L, 13820L, 51L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 21691L, 41L, 13820L, 51L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 7, tunIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, testTag1, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                1281L, 2L, 665L, 2L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1281L, 2L, 665L, 2L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 8, TEST_IFACE, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                1685L, 5L, 2070L, 6L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1685L, 5L, 2070L, 6L, 0L);
 
         // Existing underlying Iface entries are updated
         assertValues(delta, 9, underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 44783L, 54L, 14178L, 62L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 44783L, 54L, 14178L, 62L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 10, underlyingIface, 10100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         // VPN underlying Iface entries are updated
         assertValues(delta, 11, underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 28304L, 27L, 1L, 2L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 28304L, 27L, 1L, 2L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 12, underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
 
         // New entries are added for new application's underlying Iface traffic
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 72667L, 197L, 43123L, 227L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 72667L, 197L, 43123L, 227L, 0L);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 9297L, 17L, 4054, 19L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 9297L, 17L, 4054, 19L, 0L);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10120, SET_DEFAULT, testTag1, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 21691L, 41L, 13572L, 48L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 21691L, 41L, 13572L, 48L, 0L);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10120, SET_FOREGROUND, testTag1, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 1281L, 2L, 653L, 1L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1281L, 2L, 653L, 1L, 0L);
 
         // New entries are added for debug purpose
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DBG_VPN_IN, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 39605L, 46L, 12039, 51, 0);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 39605L, 46L, 12039, 51, 0);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10120, SET_DBG_VPN_IN, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 81964, 214, 47177, 246, 0);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 81964, 214, 47177, 246, 0);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DBG_VPN_OUT, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL,
-                ROAMING_ALL, 121569, 260, 59216, 297, 0);
+                ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 121569, 260, 59216, 297, 0);
 
     }
 
@@ -587,79 +594,80 @@
         final String underlyingIface = "wlan0";
         NetworkStats delta = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 9)
             // 2 different apps sent/receive data via tun0.
-            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 50000L, 25L,
-                    100000L, 50L, 0L)
-            .addValues(tunIface, 20100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 500L, 2L,
-                    200L, 5L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50000L, 25L, 100000L, 50L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, 20100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 500L, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L)
             // VPN package resends data through the tunnel (with exaggerated overhead)
-            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 240000,
-                    100L, 120000L, 60L, 0L)
+            .addValues(tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 240000, 100L, 120000L, 60L, 0L)
             // 1 app already has some traffic on the underlying interface, the other doesn't yet
-            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1000L,
-                    10L, 2000L, 20L, 0L)
+            .addValues(underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1000L, 10L, 2000L, 20L, 0L)
             // Traffic through the underlying interface via the vpn app.
             // This test should redistribute this data correctly.
             .addValues(underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                    75500L, 37L, 130000L, 70L, 0L);
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,  75500L, 37L, 130000L, 70L, 0L);
 
         assertTrue(delta.migrateTun(tunUid, tunIface, underlyingIface));
         assertEquals(9, delta.size());
 
         // tunIface entries should not be changed.
         assertValues(delta, 0, tunIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                50000L, 25L, 100000L, 50L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50000L, 25L, 100000L, 50L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 1, tunIface, 20100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                500L, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 500L, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
         assertValues(delta, 2, tunIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                240000L, 100L, 120000L, 60L, 0L);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 240000L, 100L, 120000L, 60L, 0L);
 
         // Existing underlying Iface entries are updated
         assertValues(delta, 3, underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 51000L, 35L, 102000L, 70L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 51000L, 35L, 102000L, 70L, 0L);
 
         // VPN underlying Iface entries are updated
         assertValues(delta, 4, underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 25000L, 10L, 29800L, 15L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 25000L, 10L, 29800L, 15L, 0L);
 
         // New entries are added for new application's underlying Iface traffic
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 20100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 500L, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 500L, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
 
         // New entries are added for debug purpose
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 10100, SET_DBG_VPN_IN, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 50000L, 25L, 100000L, 50L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50000L, 25L, 100000L, 50L, 0L);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, 20100, SET_DBG_VPN_IN, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                ROAMING_NO, 500, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 500, 2L, 200L, 5L, 0L);
         assertContains(delta, underlyingIface, tunUid, SET_DBG_VPN_OUT, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL,
-                ROAMING_ALL, 50500L, 27L, 100200L, 55, 0);
+                ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 50500L, 27L, 100200L, 55, 0);
     }
 
     private static void assertContains(NetworkStats stats,  String iface, int uid, int set,
-            int tag, int metered, int roaming, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes,
-            long txPackets, long operations) {
-        int index = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming);
+            int tag, int metered, int roaming, int defaultNetwork, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
+            long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
+        int index = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming, defaultNetwork);
         assertTrue(index != -1);
-        assertValues(stats, index, iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming,
+        assertValues(stats, index, iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming, defaultNetwork,
                 rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
     private static void assertValues(NetworkStats stats, int index, String iface, int uid, int set,
-            int tag, int metered, int roaming, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes,
-            long txPackets, long operations) {
+            int tag, int metered, int roaming, int defaultNetwork, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
+            long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
         final NetworkStats.Entry entry = stats.getValues(index, null);
-        assertValues(entry, iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming);
+        assertValues(entry, iface, uid, set, tag, metered, roaming, defaultNetwork);
         assertValues(entry, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
     private static void assertValues(
             NetworkStats.Entry entry, String iface, int uid, int set, int tag, int metered,
-            int roaming) {
+            int roaming, int defaultNetwork) {
         assertEquals(iface, entry.iface);
         assertEquals(uid, entry.uid);
         assertEquals(set, entry.set);
         assertEquals(tag, entry.tag);
         assertEquals(metered, entry.metered);
         assertEquals(roaming, entry.roaming);
+        assertEquals(defaultNetwork, entry.defaultNetwork);
     }
 
     private static void assertValues(NetworkStats.Entry entry, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
index fb2bd79..56b8e60 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.internal.net;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_ALL;
@@ -240,7 +241,8 @@
 
     private static void assertStatsEntry(NetworkStats stats, String iface, int uid, int set,
             int tag, long rxBytes, long txBytes) {
-        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO);
+        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO);
         if (i < 0) {
             fail(String.format("no NetworkStats for (iface: %s, uid: %d, set: %d, tag: %d)",
                     iface, uid, set, tag));
@@ -252,7 +254,8 @@
 
     private static void assertStatsEntry(NetworkStats stats, String iface, int uid, int set,
             int tag, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets) {
-        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO);
+        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO);
         if (i < 0) {
             fail(String.format("no NetworkStats for (iface: %s, uid: %d, set: %d, tag: %d)",
                     iface, uid, set, tag));
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index b8e37f3..70cacb3 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -3501,34 +3501,50 @@
     @Test
     public void testStatsIfacesChanged() throws Exception {
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+
+        Network[] onlyCell = new Network[]{mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
+        Network[] onlyWifi = new Network[]{mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
 
         // Simple connection should have updated ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        reset(mStatsService);
+
+        // Default network switch should update ifaces.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyWifi);
+        reset(mStatsService);
+
+        // Disconnect should update ifaces.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Metered change should update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         mCellNetworkAgent.removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Captive portal change shouldn't update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, never()).forceUpdateIfaces();
+        verify(mStatsService, never()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Roaming change should update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces();
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
         reset(mStatsService);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
index 4fbb228..d9d4eeb 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
@@ -204,13 +204,13 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCreateTransportModeTransform() throws Exception {
+    public void testCreateTransform() throws Exception {
         IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
         addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransportModeTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
@@ -236,14 +236,14 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCreateTransportModeTransformAead() throws Exception {
+    public void testCreateTransformAead() throws Exception {
         IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
         addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         ipSecConfig.setAuthenticatedEncryption(AEAD_ALGO);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransportModeTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
@@ -269,14 +269,14 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDeleteTransportModeTransform() throws Exception {
+    public void testDeleteTransform() throws Exception {
         IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
         addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransportModeTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
-        mIpSecService.deleteTransportModeTransform(createTransformResp.resourceId);
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+        mIpSecService.deleteTransform(createTransformResp.resourceId);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransportModeTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
 
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
                 mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransportModeTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
         ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
 
         int resourceId = createTransformResp.resourceId;
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
index 582ac27..a375b60 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
@@ -412,9 +412,9 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDeleteInvalidTransportModeTransform() throws Exception {
+    public void testDeleteInvalidTransform() throws Exception {
         try {
-            mIpSecService.deleteTransportModeTransform(1);
+            mIpSecService.deleteTransform(1);
             fail("IllegalArgumentException not thrown");
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
         }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
index c29363c..1dbf9b2 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
@@ -436,11 +437,13 @@
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
                 .setLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps(10));
         networks.put(wifi, new NetworkCapabilities()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
                 .setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps(20));
         setMockedNetworks(networks);
 
@@ -454,6 +457,7 @@
         assertEquals(LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
         Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { mobile }, caps);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
@@ -463,6 +467,7 @@
         assertEquals(LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
         Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { wifi }, caps);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
@@ -472,6 +477,7 @@
         assertEquals(20, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
         Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { mobile, wifi }, caps);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
@@ -481,6 +487,7 @@
         assertEquals(20, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
index 9c10264..da0a48a 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
         final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
         final NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
         identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                TEST_IMSI, null, false, true));
+                TEST_IMSI, null, false, true, true));
 
         int myUid = Process.myUid();
         int otherUidInSameUser = Process.myUid() + 1;
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@
         final NetworkStatsCollection large = new NetworkStatsCollection(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         final NetworkIdentitySet ident = new NetworkIdentitySet();
         ident.add(new NetworkIdentity(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE, -1, TEST_IMSI, null,
-                false, true));
+                false, true, true));
         large.recordData(ident, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, TIME_A, TIME_B,
                 new NetworkStats.Entry(12_730_893_164L, 1, 0, 0, 0));
 
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
index 2be5dae..185c3eb 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
@@ -224,6 +226,15 @@
         Mockito.verifyZeroInteractions(mockBinder);
     }
 
+    private NetworkIdentitySet makeTestIdentSet() {
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
+        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
+                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */,
+                true /* defaultNetwork */));
+        return identSet;
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testUpdateStats_initialSample_doesNotNotify() throws Exception {
         DataUsageRequest inputRequest = new DataUsageRequest(
@@ -235,10 +246,7 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
@@ -263,10 +271,7 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
@@ -298,10 +303,7 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
@@ -334,17 +336,14 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveUidIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
         NetworkStats xtSnapshot = null;
         NetworkStats uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -352,7 +351,8 @@
         // Delta
         uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START + 2 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L,
+                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -371,17 +371,14 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveUidIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
         NetworkStats xtSnapshot = null;
         NetworkStats uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -389,7 +386,8 @@
         // Delta
         uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START + 2 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L,
+                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -407,17 +405,14 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveUidIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
         NetworkStats xtSnapshot = null;
         NetworkStats uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -425,7 +420,8 @@
         // Delta
         uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START + 2 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L,
+                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -444,17 +440,14 @@
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        identSet.add(new NetworkIdentity(
-                TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                IMSI_1, null /* networkId */, false /* roaming */, true /* metered */));
+        NetworkIdentitySet identSet = makeTestIdentSet();
         mActiveUidIfaces.put(TEST_IFACE, identSet);
 
         // Baseline
         NetworkStats xtSnapshot = null;
         NetworkStats uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_ANOTHER_USER, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                        ROAMING_NO, BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
+                        ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, BASE_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
@@ -462,8 +455,8 @@
         // Delta
         uidSnapshot = new NetworkStats(TEST_START + 2 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 2 /* initialSize */)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_ANOTHER_USER, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
-                        ROAMING_NO, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES,
-                        2L, 0L);
+                        ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L,
+                        BASE_BYTES + THRESHOLD_BYTES, 2L, 0L);
         mStatsObservers.updateStats(
                 xtSnapshot, uidSnapshot, mActiveIfaces, mActiveUidIfaces,
                 VPN_INFO, TEST_START);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index ecc9932..47c3455 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIMAX;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@
 import android.net.INetworkManagementEventObserver;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsSession;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
+import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo.DetailedState;
@@ -136,6 +140,12 @@
     private static final int UID_BLUE = 1002;
     private static final int UID_GREEN = 1003;
 
+
+    private static final Network WIFI_NETWORK =  new Network(100);
+    private static final Network MOBILE_NETWORK =  new Network(101);
+    private static final Network[] NETWORKS_WIFI = new Network[]{ WIFI_NETWORK };
+    private static final Network[] NETWORKS_MOBILE = new Network[]{ MOBILE_NETWORK };
+
     private static final long WAIT_TIMEOUT = 2 * 1000;  // 2 secs
     private static final int INVALID_TYPE = -1;
 
@@ -231,7 +241,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -278,7 +288,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -306,10 +316,10 @@
         // verify service recorded history
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L, 0);
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 10);
-        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L, 4L, 256L,
-                2L, 4);
-        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L, 4L,
-                256L, 2L, 6);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 4);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 6);
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 0);
 
 
@@ -331,10 +341,10 @@
         // after systemReady(), we should have historical stats loaded again
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L, 0);
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 10);
-        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L, 4L, 256L,
-                2L, 4);
-        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 512L, 4L,
-                256L, 2L, 6);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 4);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 6);
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 0);
 
     }
@@ -356,7 +366,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
 
         // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
@@ -401,7 +411,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
 
 
         // create some traffic on first network
@@ -439,7 +449,7 @@
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L));
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
 
@@ -481,7 +491,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
 
         // create some traffic
@@ -543,7 +553,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
 
 
         // create some traffic
@@ -573,7 +583,7 @@
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L, 0L));
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
 
@@ -605,7 +615,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
 
         // create some traffic for two apps
@@ -641,12 +651,12 @@
         NetworkStats stats = mSession.getSummaryForAllUid(
                 sTemplateWifi, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertEquals(3, stats.size());
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 50L,
-                5L, 50L, 5L, 1);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 10L,
-                1L, 10L, 1L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 10L, 1L, 10L, 1L, 1);
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                2048L, 16L, 1024L, 8L, 0);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 2048L, 16L, 1024L, 8L, 0);
 
         // now verify that recent history only contains one uid
         final long currentTime = currentTimeMillis();
@@ -654,7 +664,7 @@
                 sTemplateWifi, currentTime - HOUR_IN_MILLIS, currentTime, true);
         assertEquals(1, stats.size());
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -667,7 +677,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
 
         // create some initial traffic
@@ -708,14 +718,14 @@
         final NetworkStats stats = mSession.getSummaryForAllUid(
                 sTemplateWifi, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertEquals(4, stats.size());
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                2L, 128L, 2L, 1);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 64L,
-                1L, 64L, 1L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 1);
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                32L, 2L, 32L, 2L, 1);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, 0xFAAD, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 1L,
-                1L, 1L, 1L, 1);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 32L, 2L, 32L, 2L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, 0xFAAD, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -728,7 +738,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
 
         // create some initial traffic
@@ -736,14 +746,14 @@
         expectCurrentTime();
         expectDefaultSettings();
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        // Note that all traffic from NetworkManagementService is tagged as METERED_NO and
-        // ROAMING_NO, because metered and roaming isn't tracked at that layer. We layer it
-        // on top by inspecting the iface properties.
+        // Note that all traffic from NetworkManagementService is tagged as METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO
+        // and DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, because these three properties aren't tracked at that layer.
+        // We layer them on top by inspecting the iface properties.
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 128L,
-                        2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, 64L,
-                        1L, 64L, 1L, 0L));
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 0L));
         mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xF00D, 1);
 
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
@@ -755,9 +765,9 @@
                 sTemplateWifi, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertEquals(2, stats.size());
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
-                128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 1);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO, 64L,
-                1L, 64L, 1L, 1);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES,  128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 1);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 1);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -770,7 +780,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
 
 
         // Create some traffic
@@ -783,9 +793,9 @@
         // on top by inspecting the iface properties.
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_NO,
-                        128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_NO, 64L,
-                        1L, 64L, 1L, 0L));
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES,  128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_NO,
+                        DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 0L));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify service recorded history
@@ -796,9 +806,9 @@
                 sTemplateImsi1, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertEquals(2, stats.size());
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_YES,
-                128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_YES, 64L,
-                1L, 64L, 1L, 0);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_YES,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 0);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -811,7 +821,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
 
 
         // create some tethering traffic
@@ -856,7 +866,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces();
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -977,18 +987,18 @@
         // verify summary API
         final NetworkStats stats = mSession.getSummaryForNetwork(template, start, end);
         assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL,  rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
     private void assertUidTotal(NetworkTemplate template, int uid, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
             long txBytes, long txPackets, int operations) throws Exception {
-        assertUidTotal(template, uid, SET_ALL, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, rxBytes, rxPackets,
-                txBytes, txPackets, operations);
+        assertUidTotal(template, uid, SET_ALL, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL,
+                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
     private void assertUidTotal(NetworkTemplate template, int uid, int set, int metered,
-            int roaming, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets, int operations)
-            throws Exception {
+            int roaming, int defaultNetwork, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes,
+            long txPackets, int operations) throws Exception {
         // verify history API
         final NetworkStatsHistory history = mSession.getHistoryForUid(
                 template, uid, set, TAG_NONE, FIELD_ALL);
@@ -998,8 +1008,8 @@
         // verify summary API
         final NetworkStats stats = mSession.getSummaryForAllUid(
                 template, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, false);
-        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, uid, set, TAG_NONE, metered, roaming, rxBytes, rxPackets,
-                txBytes, txPackets, operations);
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, uid, set, TAG_NONE, metered, roaming, defaultNetwork,
+                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
     private void expectSystemReady() throws Exception {
@@ -1097,8 +1107,8 @@
     }
 
     private static void assertValues(NetworkStats stats, String iface, int uid, int set,
-            int tag, int metered, int roaming, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes,
-            long txPackets, int operations) {
+            int tag, int metered, int roaming, int defaultNetwork, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
+            long txBytes, long txPackets, int operations) {
         final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
         final int[] sets;
         if (set == SET_ALL) {
@@ -1121,12 +1131,22 @@
             meterings = new int[] { metered };
         }
 
+        final int[] defaultNetworks;
+        if (defaultNetwork == DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL) {
+            defaultNetworks = new int[] { DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO };
+        } else {
+            defaultNetworks = new int[] { defaultNetwork };
+        }
+
         for (int s : sets) {
             for (int r : roamings) {
                 for (int m : meterings) {
-                    final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, s, tag, m, r);
-                    if (i != -1) {
-                        entry.add(stats.getValues(i, null));
+                    for (int d : defaultNetworks) {
+                        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, s, tag, m, r, d);
+                        if (i != -1) {
+                            entry.add(stats.getValues(i, null));
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -1161,7 +1181,7 @@
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, !isMetered);
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, true);
-        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, null, null, TEST_SSID);
+        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, WIFI_NETWORK, null, TEST_SSID);
     }
 
     private static NetworkState buildMobile3gState(String subscriberId) {
@@ -1178,7 +1198,7 @@
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, false);
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, !isRoaming);
-        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, null, subscriberId, null);
+        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, MOBILE_NETWORK, subscriberId, null);
     }
 
     private static NetworkState buildMobile4gState(String iface) {
@@ -1189,7 +1209,7 @@
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, false);
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, true);
-        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, null, null, null);
+        return new NetworkState(info, prop, capabilities, MOBILE_NETWORK, null, null);
     }
 
     private NetworkStats buildEmptyStats() {