Merge "Accept MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK permission on register/unregister network provider" into rvc-dev
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java b/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
index 2b8b7e6..6c0ba2f 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.net.util.IpUtils;
-import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
@@ -30,7 +29,6 @@
 /**
  * Represents the actual packets that are sent by the
  * {@link android.net.SocketKeepalive} API.
- *
  * @hide
  */
 @SystemApi
@@ -54,6 +52,9 @@
     /** Packet data. A raw byte string of packet data, not including the link-layer header. */
     private final byte[] mPacket;
 
+    // Note: If you add new fields, please modify the parcelling code in the child classes.
+
+
     // This should only be constructed via static factory methods, such as
     // nattKeepalivePacket.
     /**
@@ -87,21 +88,4 @@
         return mPacket.clone();
     }
 
-    /** @hide */
-    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
-        out.writeString(srcAddress.getHostAddress());
-        out.writeString(dstAddress.getHostAddress());
-        out.writeInt(srcPort);
-        out.writeInt(dstPort);
-        out.writeByteArray(mPacket);
-    }
-
-    /** @hide */
-    protected KeepalivePacketData(Parcel in) {
-        srcAddress = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(in.readString());
-        dstAddress = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(in.readString());
-        srcPort = in.readInt();
-        dstPort = in.readInt();
-        mPacket = in.createByteArray();
-    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/Network.java b/core/java/android/net/Network.java
index c5681cb..6f5471b 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/Network.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/Network.java
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 public class Network implements Parcelable {
 
     /**
+     * The unique id of the network.
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
index fef353f..5c754a1 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
     /**
      * The ID of the {@link NetworkProvider} that created this object, or
      * {@link NetworkProvider#ID_NONE} if unknown.
+     * @hide
      */
     public final int providerId;
 
@@ -584,6 +585,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated this is for backward compatibility only.
      * @param legacySubtype the legacy subtype.
+     * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
     public void setLegacySubtype(final int legacySubtype, @NonNull final String legacySubtypeName) {
@@ -608,6 +610,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated this is for backward compatibility only.
      * @param extraInfo the ExtraInfo.
+     * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
     public void setLegacyExtraInfo(@Nullable final String extraInfo) {
@@ -711,6 +714,7 @@
     /**
      * Called when ConnectivityService request a bandwidth update. The parent factory
      * shall try to overwrite this method and produce a bandwidth update if capable.
+     * @hide
      */
     public void onBandwidthUpdateRequested() {
         pollLceData();
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
index 7e2db4a..ca9328a 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@
     /**
      *
      * @return whether the sign in to network notification is enabled by this configuration.
+     * @hide
      */
     public boolean isProvisioningNotificationEnabled() {
         return !provisioningNotificationDisabled;
@@ -122,6 +123,7 @@
 
     /**
      * @return the subscriber ID, or null if none.
+     * @hide
      */
     @Nullable
     public String getSubscriberId() {
@@ -138,6 +140,7 @@
 
     /**
      * @return whether NAT64 prefix detection is enabled.
+     * @hide
      */
     public boolean isNat64DetectionEnabled() {
         return !skip464xlat;
@@ -247,6 +250,7 @@
          * Sets the subscriber ID for this network.
          *
          * @return this builder, to facilitate chaining.
+         * @hide
          */
         @NonNull
         public Builder setSubscriberId(@Nullable String subscriberId) {
@@ -259,6 +263,7 @@
          * and reduce idle traffic on networks that are known to be IPv6-only without a NAT64.
          *
          * @return this builder, to facilitate chaining.
+         * @hide
          */
         @NonNull
         public Builder disableNat64Detection() {
@@ -271,6 +276,7 @@
          * perform its own carrier-specific provisioning procedure.
          *
          * @return this builder, to facilitate chaining.
+         * @hide
          */
         @NonNull
         public Builder disableProvisioningNotification() {
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index 83f9980..116e343 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -613,7 +613,6 @@
      * @return {@code true} if the network should be restricted.
      * @hide
      */
-    @SystemApi
     public boolean deduceRestrictedCapability() {
         // Check if we have any capability that forces the network to be restricted.
         final boolean forceRestrictedCapability =
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkProvider.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
index 2c0e4aa..418d691 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
@@ -106,10 +106,12 @@
     }
 
     // TODO: consider adding a register() method so ConnectivityManager does not need to call this.
+    /** @hide */
     public @Nullable Messenger getMessenger() {
         return mMessenger;
     }
 
+    /** @hide */
     public @NonNull String getName() {
         return mName;
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 8cb8baf..3a3358c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -7803,12 +7803,15 @@
     private void handleNetworkTestedWithExtras(
             @NonNull ConnectivityReportEvent reportEvent, @NonNull PersistableBundle extras) {
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = reportEvent.mNai;
+        final NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities =
+                new NetworkCapabilities(nai.networkCapabilities);
+        clearNetworkCapabilitiesUids(networkCapabilities);
         final ConnectivityReport report =
                 new ConnectivityReport(
                         reportEvent.mNai.network,
                         reportEvent.mTimestampMillis,
                         nai.linkProperties,
-                        nai.networkCapabilities,
+                        networkCapabilities,
                         extras);
         final List<IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback> results =
                 getMatchingPermissionedCallbacks(nai);
@@ -7824,13 +7827,16 @@
     private void handleDataStallSuspected(
             @NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai, long timestampMillis, int detectionMethod,
             @NonNull PersistableBundle extras) {
+        final NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities =
+                new NetworkCapabilities(nai.networkCapabilities);
+        clearNetworkCapabilitiesUids(networkCapabilities);
         final DataStallReport report =
                 new DataStallReport(
                         nai.network,
                         timestampMillis,
                         detectionMethod,
                         nai.linkProperties,
-                        nai.networkCapabilities,
+                        networkCapabilities,
                         extras);
         final List<IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback> results =
                 getMatchingPermissionedCallbacks(nai);
@@ -7856,6 +7862,12 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void clearNetworkCapabilitiesUids(@NonNull NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        nc.setUids(null);
+        nc.setAdministratorUids(Collections.EMPTY_LIST);
+        nc.setOwnerUid(Process.INVALID_UID);
+    }
+
     private List<IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback> getMatchingPermissionedCallbacks(
             @NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
         final List<IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback> results = new ArrayList<>();
diff --git a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/RouteInfoTest.java b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/RouteInfoTest.java
index fe51b3a..1658262 100644
--- a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/RouteInfoTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/RouteInfoTest.java
@@ -19,19 +19,40 @@
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNREACHABLE;
 
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertEqualBothWays;
+import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertFieldCountEquals;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertNotEqualEitherWay;
-import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtilsKt.assertParcelSane;
 import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtilsKt.assertParcelingIsLossless;
 
-import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
-import junit.framework.TestCase;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 
-public class RouteInfoTest extends TestCase {
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@SmallTest
+public class RouteInfoTest {
+    @Rule
+    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule ignoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
+
+    private static final int INVALID_ROUTE_TYPE = -1;
 
     private InetAddress Address(String addr) {
         return InetAddress.parseNumericAddress(addr);
@@ -41,15 +62,32 @@
         return new IpPrefix(prefix);
     }
 
-    @SmallTest
+    @Test
     public void testConstructor() {
         RouteInfo r;
-
         // Invalid input.
         try {
             r = new RouteInfo((IpPrefix) null, null, "rmnet0");
             fail("Expected RuntimeException:  destination and gateway null");
-        } catch(RuntimeException e) {}
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) { }
+
+        try {
+            r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("2001:db8:ace::/49"), Address("2001:db8::1"), "rmnet0",
+                    INVALID_ROUTE_TYPE);
+            fail("Invalid route type should cause exception");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+
+        try {
+            r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("2001:db8:ace::/49"), Address("192.0.2.1"), "rmnet0",
+                    RTN_UNREACHABLE);
+            fail("Address family mismatch should cause exception");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
+
+        try {
+            r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("0.0.0.0/0"), Address("2001:db8::1"), "rmnet0",
+                    RTN_UNREACHABLE);
+            fail("Address family mismatch should cause exception");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
 
         // Null destination is default route.
         r = new RouteInfo((IpPrefix) null, Address("2001:db8::1"), null);
@@ -74,6 +112,7 @@
         assertNull(r.getInterface());
     }
 
+    @Test
     public void testMatches() {
         class PatchedRouteInfo {
             private final RouteInfo mRouteInfo;
@@ -113,6 +152,7 @@
         assertFalse(ipv4Default.matches(Address("2001:db8::f00")));
     }
 
+    @Test
     public void testEquals() {
         // IPv4
         RouteInfo r1 = new RouteInfo(Prefix("2001:db8:ace::/48"), Address("2001:db8::1"), "wlan0");
@@ -146,6 +186,7 @@
         assertNotEqualEitherWay(r1, r3);
     }
 
+    @Test
     public void testHostAndDefaultRoutes() {
         RouteInfo r;
 
@@ -228,6 +269,7 @@
         assertFalse(r.isIPv6Default());
     }
 
+    @Test
     public void testTruncation() {
       LinkAddress l;
       RouteInfo r;
@@ -244,6 +286,7 @@
     // Make sure that creating routes to multicast addresses doesn't throw an exception. Even though
     // there's nothing we can do with them, we don't want to crash if, e.g., someone calls
     // requestRouteToHostAddress("230.0.0.0", MOBILE_HIPRI);
+    @Test
     public void testMulticastRoute() {
       RouteInfo r;
       r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("230.0.0.0/32"), Address("192.0.2.1"), "wlan0");
@@ -251,16 +294,36 @@
       // No exceptions? Good.
     }
 
+    @Test
     public void testParceling() {
         RouteInfo r;
-
-        r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("::/0"), Address("2001:db8::"), null);
+        r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("192.0.2.0/24"), Address("192.0.2.1"), null);
         assertParcelingIsLossless(r);
-
         r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("192.0.2.0/24"), null, "wlan0");
-        assertParcelSane(r, 7);
+        assertParcelingIsLossless(r);
+        r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("192.0.2.0/24"), Address("192.0.2.1"), "wlan0", RTN_UNREACHABLE);
+        assertParcelingIsLossless(r);
     }
 
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    public void testMtuParceling() {
+        final RouteInfo r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("ff02::1/128"), Address("2001:db8::"), "testiface",
+                RTN_UNREACHABLE, 1450 /* mtu */);
+        assertParcelingIsLossless(r);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    public void testFieldCount_Q() {
+        assertFieldCountEquals(6, RouteInfo.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    public void testFieldCount() {
+        // Make sure any new field is covered by the above parceling tests when changing this number
+        assertFieldCountEquals(7, RouteInfo.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
     public void testMtu() {
         RouteInfo r;
         r = new RouteInfo(Prefix("0.0.0.0/0"), Address("0.0.0.0"), "wlan0",
diff --git a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/util/SocketUtilsTest.kt b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/util/SocketUtilsTest.kt
index 9c7cfb0..aaf97f3 100644
--- a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/util/SocketUtilsTest.kt
+++ b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/util/SocketUtilsTest.kt
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.net.util;
+package android.net.util
 
+import android.os.Build
 import android.system.NetlinkSocketAddress
 import android.system.Os
 import android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET
@@ -26,18 +27,26 @@
 import android.system.PacketSocketAddress
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
 import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
 import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
 import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
 import org.junit.Assert.fail
+import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 
 private const val TEST_INDEX = 123
 private const val TEST_PORT = 555
+private const val FF_BYTE = 0xff.toByte()
+
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
 @SmallTest
 class SocketUtilsTest {
+    @Rule @JvmField
+    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule()
+
     @Test
     fun testMakeNetlinkSocketAddress() {
         val nlAddress = SocketUtils.makeNetlinkSocketAddress(TEST_PORT, RTMGRP_NEIGH)
@@ -50,16 +59,21 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testMakePacketSocketAddress() {
+    fun testMakePacketSocketAddress_Q() {
         val pkAddress = SocketUtils.makePacketSocketAddress(ETH_P_ALL, TEST_INDEX)
         assertTrue("Not PacketSocketAddress object", pkAddress is PacketSocketAddress)
 
-        val ff = 0xff.toByte()
-        val pkAddress2 = SocketUtils.makePacketSocketAddress(TEST_INDEX,
-                byteArrayOf(ff, ff, ff, ff, ff, ff))
+        val pkAddress2 = SocketUtils.makePacketSocketAddress(TEST_INDEX, ByteArray(6) { FF_BYTE })
         assertTrue("Not PacketSocketAddress object", pkAddress2 is PacketSocketAddress)
     }
 
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    fun testMakePacketSocketAddress() {
+        val pkAddress = SocketUtils.makePacketSocketAddress(
+                ETH_P_ALL, TEST_INDEX, ByteArray(6) { FF_BYTE })
+        assertTrue("Not PacketSocketAddress object", pkAddress is PacketSocketAddress)
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun testCloseSocket() {
         // Expect no exception happening with null object.
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java
index b81ca36..442ac56 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import android.net.ipmemorystore.NetworkAttributes;
 import android.net.ipmemorystore.NetworkAttributesParcelable;
 import android.net.ipmemorystore.Status;
+import android.net.networkstack.ModuleNetworkStackClient;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@
     @Mock
     Context mMockContext;
     @Mock
-    NetworkStackClient mNetworkStackClient;
+    ModuleNetworkStackClient mModuleNetworkStackClient;
     @Mock
     IIpMemoryStore mMockService;
     @Mock
@@ -90,14 +91,14 @@
                 ((IIpMemoryStoreCallbacks) invocation.getArgument(0))
                         .onIpMemoryStoreFetched(mMockService);
                 return null;
-            }).when(mNetworkStackClient).fetchIpMemoryStore(any());
+            }).when(mModuleNetworkStackClient).fetchIpMemoryStore(any());
         } else {
-            doNothing().when(mNetworkStackClient).fetchIpMemoryStore(mCbCaptor.capture());
+            doNothing().when(mModuleNetworkStackClient).fetchIpMemoryStore(mCbCaptor.capture());
         }
         mStore = new IpMemoryStore(mMockContext) {
             @Override
-            protected NetworkStackClient getNetworkStackClient() {
-                return mNetworkStackClient;
+            protected ModuleNetworkStackClient getModuleNetworkStackClient(Context ctx) {
+                return mModuleNetworkStackClient;
             }
         };
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 8c0c36b..f9d66f9 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_ANY_USER;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
-import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.ConnectivityReport;
-import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.DataStallReport;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_SIGN_IN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION_SUPL;
@@ -100,6 +98,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.startsWith;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
@@ -3724,7 +3723,7 @@
         mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback, timeoutMs);
 
         // pass timeout and validate that UNAVAILABLE is called
-        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.UNAVAILABLE, null);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.UNAVAILABLE, (Network) null);
 
         // create a network satisfying request - validate that request not triggered
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
@@ -3815,7 +3814,7 @@
             // Simulate the factory releasing the request as unfulfillable and expect onUnavailable!
             testFactory.triggerUnfulfillable(requests.get(newRequestId));
 
-            networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.UNAVAILABLE, null);
+            networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.UNAVAILABLE, (Network) null);
             testFactory.waitForRequests();
 
             // unregister network callback - a no-op (since already freed by the
@@ -6870,8 +6869,13 @@
         HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mCsHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
 
         // Verify onConnectivityReport fired
-        verify(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback)
-                .onConnectivityReport(any(ConnectivityReport.class));
+        verify(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback).onConnectivityReport(
+                argThat(report -> {
+                    final NetworkCapabilities nc = report.getNetworkCapabilities();
+                    return nc.getUids() == null
+                            && nc.getAdministratorUids().isEmpty()
+                            && nc.getOwnerUid() == Process.INVALID_UID;
+                }));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -6886,7 +6890,13 @@
         HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mCsHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
 
         // Verify onDataStallSuspected fired
-        verify(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback).onDataStallSuspected(any(DataStallReport.class));
+        verify(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback).onDataStallSuspected(
+                argThat(report -> {
+                    final NetworkCapabilities nc = report.getNetworkCapabilities();
+                    return nc.getUids() == null
+                            && nc.getAdministratorUids().isEmpty()
+                            && nc.getOwnerUid() == Process.INVALID_UID;
+                }));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index a9e0b9a..36deca3 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.app.AlarmManager;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -163,7 +164,6 @@
     private @Mock IBinder mBinder;
     private @Mock AlarmManager mAlarmManager;
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
-    private Handler mHandler;
 
     private NetworkStatsService mService;
     private INetworkStatsSession mSession;
@@ -192,15 +192,11 @@
         PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
                 powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG);
 
-        mService = new NetworkStatsService(
-                mServiceContext, mNetManager, mAlarmManager, wakeLock, mClock,
-                mServiceContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class), mSettings,
-                mStatsFactory, new NetworkStatsObservers(),  mStatsDir, getBaseDir(mStatsDir));
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
-        mHandlerThread.start();
-        Handler.Callback callback = new NetworkStatsService.HandlerCallback(mService);
-        mHandler = new Handler(mHandlerThread.getLooper(), callback);
-        mService.setHandler(mHandler, callback);
+        final NetworkStatsService.Dependencies deps = makeDependencies();
+        mService = new NetworkStatsService(mServiceContext, mNetManager, mAlarmManager, wakeLock,
+                mClock, mServiceContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class), mSettings,
+                mStatsFactory, new NetworkStatsObservers(), mStatsDir, getBaseDir(mStatsDir), deps);
 
         mElapsedRealtime = 0L;
 
@@ -217,11 +213,21 @@
 
         // catch INetworkManagementEventObserver during systemReady()
         ArgumentCaptor<INetworkManagementEventObserver> networkObserver =
-              ArgumentCaptor.forClass(INetworkManagementEventObserver.class);
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(INetworkManagementEventObserver.class);
         verify(mNetManager).registerObserver(networkObserver.capture());
         mNetworkObserver = networkObserver.getValue();
     }
 
+    @NonNull
+    private NetworkStatsService.Dependencies makeDependencies() {
+        return new NetworkStatsService.Dependencies() {
+            @Override
+            public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
+                return mHandlerThread;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
     @After
     public void tearDown() throws Exception {
         IoUtils.deleteContents(mStatsDir);
@@ -234,6 +240,8 @@
 
         mSession.close();
         mService = null;
+
+        mHandlerThread.quitSafely();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -939,9 +947,7 @@
         long minThresholdInBytes = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2 MB
         assertEquals(minThresholdInBytes, request.thresholdInBytes);
 
-        // Send dummy message to make sure that any previous message has been handled
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(-1));
-        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandler, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
+        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandlerThread, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
 
         // Make sure that the caller binder gets connected
         verify(mBinder).linkToDeath(any(IBinder.DeathRecipient.class), anyInt());
@@ -1077,7 +1083,7 @@
 
         // Simulates alert quota of the provider has been reached.
         cb.onAlertReached();
-        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandler, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
+        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandlerThread, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
 
         // Verifies that polling is triggered by alert reached.
         provider.expectStatsUpdate(0 /* unused */);
@@ -1294,9 +1300,7 @@
 
     private void forcePollAndWaitForIdle() {
         mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(ACTION_NETWORK_STATS_POLL));
-        // Send dummy message to make sure that any previous message has been handled
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(-1));
-        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandler, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
+        HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdle(mHandlerThread, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
     }
 
     static class LatchedHandler extends Handler {