[Tether03] Migrate IpServer into module

Add IpServer which is used to serve ip configuration, dhcp, dns proxy
and nat for downstream interface.

Bug: 136040414
Test: -build, flash, boot
      -atest TetheringTests
      -atest FrameworksNetTests

Change-Id: I23652ae0b9509abe7d38da96d523eb22ab00a343
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff3d7bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1039 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.ip;
+
+import static android.net.InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress;
+import static android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer.STATUS_SUCCESS;
+import static android.net.util.NetworkConstants.FF;
+import static android.net.util.NetworkConstants.RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH;
+import static android.net.util.NetworkConstants.asByte;
+
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.INetworkStackStatusCallback;
+import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
+import android.net.InterfaceConfiguration;
+import android.net.IpPrefix;
+import android.net.LinkAddress;
+import android.net.LinkProperties;
+import android.net.NetworkStackClient;
+import android.net.RouteInfo;
+import android.net.dhcp.DhcpServerCallbacks;
+import android.net.dhcp.DhcpServingParamsParcel;
+import android.net.dhcp.DhcpServingParamsParcelExt;
+import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer;
+import android.net.ip.RouterAdvertisementDaemon.RaParams;
+import android.net.util.InterfaceParams;
+import android.net.util.InterfaceSet;
+import android.net.util.NetdService;
+import android.net.util.SharedLog;
+import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.Message;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Slog;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.MessageUtils;
+import com.android.internal.util.Protocol;
+import com.android.internal.util.State;
+import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Provides the interface to IP-layer serving functionality for a given network
+ * interface, e.g. for tethering or "local-only hotspot" mode.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class IpServer extends StateMachine {
+    public static final int STATE_UNAVAILABLE = 0;
+    public static final int STATE_AVAILABLE   = 1;
+    public static final int STATE_TETHERED    = 2;
+    public static final int STATE_LOCAL_ONLY  = 3;
+
+    /** Get string name of |state|.*/
+    public static String getStateString(int state) {
+        switch (state) {
+            case STATE_UNAVAILABLE: return "UNAVAILABLE";
+            case STATE_AVAILABLE:   return "AVAILABLE";
+            case STATE_TETHERED:    return "TETHERED";
+            case STATE_LOCAL_ONLY:  return "LOCAL_ONLY";
+        }
+        return "UNKNOWN: " + state;
+    }
+
+    private static final byte DOUG_ADAMS = (byte) 42;
+
+    private static final String USB_NEAR_IFACE_ADDR = "192.168.42.129";
+    private static final int USB_PREFIX_LENGTH = 24;
+    private static final String WIFI_HOST_IFACE_ADDR = "192.168.43.1";
+    private static final int WIFI_HOST_IFACE_PREFIX_LENGTH = 24;
+    private static final String WIFI_P2P_IFACE_ADDR = "192.168.49.1";
+    private static final int WIFI_P2P_IFACE_PREFIX_LENGTH = 24;
+
+    // TODO: have PanService use some visible version of this constant
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_IFACE_ADDR = "192.168.44.1";
+    private static final int BLUETOOTH_DHCP_PREFIX_LENGTH = 24;
+
+    // TODO: have this configurable
+    private static final int DHCP_LEASE_TIME_SECS = 3600;
+
+    private static final String TAG = "IpServer";
+    private static final boolean DBG = false;
+    private static final boolean VDBG = false;
+    private static final Class[] sMessageClasses = {
+            IpServer.class
+    };
+    private static final SparseArray<String> sMagicDecoderRing =
+            MessageUtils.findMessageNames(sMessageClasses);
+
+    /** IpServer callback. */
+    public static class Callback {
+        /**
+         * Notify that |who| has changed its tethering state.
+         *
+         * @param who the calling instance of IpServer
+         * @param state one of STATE_*
+         * @param lastError one of ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_*
+         */
+        public void updateInterfaceState(IpServer who, int state, int lastError) {}
+
+        /**
+         * Notify that |who| has new LinkProperties.
+         *
+         * @param who the calling instance of IpServer
+         * @param newLp the new LinkProperties to report
+         */
+        public void updateLinkProperties(IpServer who, LinkProperties newLp) {}
+    }
+
+    /** Capture IpServer dependencies, for injection. */
+    public static class Dependencies {
+        /** Create a RouterAdvertisementDaemon instance to be used by IpServer.*/
+        public RouterAdvertisementDaemon getRouterAdvertisementDaemon(InterfaceParams ifParams) {
+            return new RouterAdvertisementDaemon(ifParams);
+        }
+
+        /** Get |ifName|'s interface information.*/
+        public InterfaceParams getInterfaceParams(String ifName) {
+            return InterfaceParams.getByName(ifName);
+        }
+
+        public INetd getNetdService() {
+            return NetdService.getInstance();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Create a DhcpServer instance to be used by IpServer.
+         */
+        public void makeDhcpServer(String ifName, DhcpServingParamsParcel params,
+                DhcpServerCallbacks cb) {
+            NetworkStackClient.getInstance().makeDhcpServer(ifName, params, cb);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final int BASE_IFACE              = Protocol.BASE_TETHERING + 100;
+    // request from the user that it wants to tether
+    public static final int CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED            = BASE_IFACE + 2;
+    // request from the user that it wants to untether
+    public static final int CMD_TETHER_UNREQUESTED          = BASE_IFACE + 3;
+    // notification that this interface is down
+    public static final int CMD_INTERFACE_DOWN              = BASE_IFACE + 4;
+    // notification from the master SM that it had trouble enabling IP Forwarding
+    public static final int CMD_IP_FORWARDING_ENABLE_ERROR  = BASE_IFACE + 7;
+    // notification from the master SM that it had trouble disabling IP Forwarding
+    public static final int CMD_IP_FORWARDING_DISABLE_ERROR = BASE_IFACE + 8;
+    // notification from the master SM that it had trouble starting tethering
+    public static final int CMD_START_TETHERING_ERROR       = BASE_IFACE + 9;
+    // notification from the master SM that it had trouble stopping tethering
+    public static final int CMD_STOP_TETHERING_ERROR        = BASE_IFACE + 10;
+    // notification from the master SM that it had trouble setting the DNS forwarders
+    public static final int CMD_SET_DNS_FORWARDERS_ERROR    = BASE_IFACE + 11;
+    // the upstream connection has changed
+    public static final int CMD_TETHER_CONNECTION_CHANGED   = BASE_IFACE + 12;
+    // new IPv6 tethering parameters need to be processed
+    public static final int CMD_IPV6_TETHER_UPDATE          = BASE_IFACE + 13;
+
+    private final State mInitialState;
+    private final State mLocalHotspotState;
+    private final State mTetheredState;
+    private final State mUnavailableState;
+
+    private final SharedLog mLog;
+    private final INetworkManagementService mNMService;
+    private final INetd mNetd;
+    private final INetworkStatsService mStatsService;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final InterfaceController mInterfaceCtrl;
+
+    private final String mIfaceName;
+    private final int mInterfaceType;
+    private final LinkProperties mLinkProperties;
+    private final boolean mUsingLegacyDhcp;
+
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
+
+    private int mLastError;
+    private int mServingMode;
+    private InterfaceSet mUpstreamIfaceSet;  // may change over time
+    private InterfaceParams mInterfaceParams;
+    // TODO: De-duplicate this with mLinkProperties above. Currently, these link
+    // properties are those selected by the IPv6TetheringCoordinator and relayed
+    // to us. By comparison, mLinkProperties contains the addresses and directly
+    // connected routes that have been formed from these properties iff. we have
+    // succeeded in configuring them and are able to announce them within Router
+    // Advertisements (otherwise, we do not add them to mLinkProperties at all).
+    private LinkProperties mLastIPv6LinkProperties;
+    private RouterAdvertisementDaemon mRaDaemon;
+
+    // To be accessed only on the handler thread
+    private int mDhcpServerStartIndex = 0;
+    private IDhcpServer mDhcpServer;
+    private RaParams mLastRaParams;
+
+    public IpServer(
+            String ifaceName, Looper looper, int interfaceType, SharedLog log,
+            INetworkManagementService nMService, INetworkStatsService statsService,
+            Callback callback, boolean usingLegacyDhcp, Dependencies deps) {
+        super(ifaceName, looper);
+        mLog = log.forSubComponent(ifaceName);
+        mNMService = nMService;
+        mNetd = deps.getNetdService();
+        mStatsService = statsService;
+        mCallback = callback;
+        mInterfaceCtrl = new InterfaceController(ifaceName, mNetd, mLog);
+        mIfaceName = ifaceName;
+        mInterfaceType = interfaceType;
+        mLinkProperties = new LinkProperties();
+        mUsingLegacyDhcp = usingLegacyDhcp;
+        mDeps = deps;
+        resetLinkProperties();
+        mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+        mServingMode = STATE_AVAILABLE;
+
+        mInitialState = new InitialState();
+        mLocalHotspotState = new LocalHotspotState();
+        mTetheredState = new TetheredState();
+        mUnavailableState = new UnavailableState();
+        addState(mInitialState);
+        addState(mLocalHotspotState);
+        addState(mTetheredState);
+        addState(mUnavailableState);
+
+        setInitialState(mInitialState);
+    }
+
+    /** Interface name which IpServer served.*/
+    public String interfaceName() {
+        return mIfaceName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tethering downstream type. It would be one of ConnectivityManager#TETHERING_*.
+     */
+    public int interfaceType() {
+        return mInterfaceType;
+    }
+
+    /** Last error from this IpServer. */
+    public int lastError() {
+        return mLastError;
+    }
+
+    /** Serving mode is the current state of IpServer state machine. */
+    public int servingMode() {
+        return mServingMode;
+    }
+
+    /** The properties of the network link which IpServer is serving. */
+    public LinkProperties linkProperties() {
+        return new LinkProperties(mLinkProperties);
+    }
+
+    /** Stop this IpServer. After this is called this IpServer should not be used any more. */
+    public void stop() {
+        sendMessage(CMD_INTERFACE_DOWN);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tethering is canceled. IpServer state machine will be available and wait for
+     * next tethering request.
+     */
+    public void unwanted() {
+        sendMessage(CMD_TETHER_UNREQUESTED);
+    }
+
+    /** Internals. */
+
+    private boolean startIPv4() {
+        return configureIPv4(true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience wrapper around INetworkStackStatusCallback to run callbacks on the IpServer
+     * handler.
+     *
+     * <p>Different instances of this class can be created for each call to IDhcpServer methods,
+     * with different implementations of the callback, to differentiate handling of success/error in
+     * each call.
+     */
+    private abstract class OnHandlerStatusCallback extends INetworkStackStatusCallback.Stub {
+        @Override
+        public void onStatusAvailable(int statusCode) {
+            getHandler().post(() -> callback(statusCode));
+        }
+
+        public abstract void callback(int statusCode);
+
+        @Override
+        public int getInterfaceVersion() {
+            return this.VERSION;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class DhcpServerCallbacksImpl extends DhcpServerCallbacks {
+        private final int mStartIndex;
+
+        private DhcpServerCallbacksImpl(int startIndex) {
+            mStartIndex = startIndex;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDhcpServerCreated(int statusCode, IDhcpServer server) throws RemoteException {
+            getHandler().post(() -> {
+                // We are on the handler thread: mDhcpServerStartIndex can be read safely.
+                if (mStartIndex != mDhcpServerStartIndex) {
+                    // This start request is obsolete. When the |server| binder token goes out of
+                    // scope, the garbage collector will finalize it, which causes the network stack
+                    // process garbage collector to collect the server itself.
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (statusCode != STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+                    mLog.e("Error obtaining DHCP server: " + statusCode);
+                    handleError();
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                mDhcpServer = server;
+                try {
+                    mDhcpServer.start(new OnHandlerStatusCallback() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void callback(int startStatusCode) {
+                            if (startStatusCode != STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+                                mLog.e("Error starting DHCP server: " + startStatusCode);
+                                handleError();
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        private void handleError() {
+            mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR;
+            transitionTo(mInitialState);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean startDhcp(Inet4Address addr, int prefixLen) {
+        if (mUsingLegacyDhcp) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        final DhcpServingParamsParcel params;
+        params = new DhcpServingParamsParcelExt()
+                .setDefaultRouters(addr)
+                .setDhcpLeaseTimeSecs(DHCP_LEASE_TIME_SECS)
+                .setDnsServers(addr)
+                .setServerAddr(new LinkAddress(addr, prefixLen))
+                .setMetered(true);
+        // TODO: also advertise link MTU
+
+        mDhcpServerStartIndex++;
+        mDeps.makeDhcpServer(
+                mIfaceName, params, new DhcpServerCallbacksImpl(mDhcpServerStartIndex));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private void stopDhcp() {
+        // Make all previous start requests obsolete so servers are not started later
+        mDhcpServerStartIndex++;
+
+        if (mDhcpServer != null) {
+            try {
+                mDhcpServer.stop(new OnHandlerStatusCallback() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void callback(int statusCode) {
+                        if (statusCode != STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+                            mLog.e("Error stopping DHCP server: " + statusCode);
+                            mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR;
+                            // Not much more we can do here
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+                mDhcpServer = null;
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean configureDhcp(boolean enable, Inet4Address addr, int prefixLen) {
+        if (enable) {
+            return startDhcp(addr, prefixLen);
+        } else {
+            stopDhcp();
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void stopIPv4() {
+        configureIPv4(false);
+        // NOTE: All of configureIPv4() will be refactored out of existence
+        // into calls to InterfaceController, shared with startIPv4().
+        mInterfaceCtrl.clearIPv4Address();
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Refactor this in terms of calls to InterfaceController.
+    private boolean configureIPv4(boolean enabled) {
+        if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "configureIPv4(" + enabled + ")");
+
+        // TODO: Replace this hard-coded information with dynamically selected
+        // config passed down to us by a higher layer IP-coordinating element.
+        String ipAsString = null;
+        int prefixLen = 0;
+        if (mInterfaceType == ConnectivityManager.TETHERING_USB) {
+            ipAsString = USB_NEAR_IFACE_ADDR;
+            prefixLen = USB_PREFIX_LENGTH;
+        } else if (mInterfaceType == ConnectivityManager.TETHERING_WIFI) {
+            ipAsString = getRandomWifiIPv4Address();
+            prefixLen = WIFI_HOST_IFACE_PREFIX_LENGTH;
+        } else if (mInterfaceType == ConnectivityManager.TETHERING_WIFI_P2P) {
+            ipAsString = WIFI_P2P_IFACE_ADDR;
+            prefixLen = WIFI_P2P_IFACE_PREFIX_LENGTH;
+        } else {
+            // BT configures the interface elsewhere: only start DHCP.
+            final Inet4Address srvAddr = (Inet4Address) parseNumericAddress(BLUETOOTH_IFACE_ADDR);
+            return configureDhcp(enabled, srvAddr, BLUETOOTH_DHCP_PREFIX_LENGTH);
+        }
+
+        final LinkAddress linkAddr;
+        try {
+            final InterfaceConfiguration ifcg = mNMService.getInterfaceConfig(mIfaceName);
+            if (ifcg == null) {
+                mLog.e("Received null interface config");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            InetAddress addr = parseNumericAddress(ipAsString);
+            linkAddr = new LinkAddress(addr, prefixLen);
+            ifcg.setLinkAddress(linkAddr);
+            if (mInterfaceType == ConnectivityManager.TETHERING_WIFI) {
+                // The WiFi stack has ownership of the interface up/down state.
+                // It is unclear whether the Bluetooth or USB stacks will manage their own
+                // state.
+                ifcg.ignoreInterfaceUpDownStatus();
+            } else {
+                if (enabled) {
+                    ifcg.setInterfaceUp();
+                } else {
+                    ifcg.setInterfaceDown();
+                }
+            }
+            ifcg.clearFlag("running");
+
+            // TODO: this may throw if the interface is already gone. Do proper handling and
+            // simplify the DHCP server start/stop.
+            mNMService.setInterfaceConfig(mIfaceName, ifcg);
+
+            if (!configureDhcp(enabled, (Inet4Address) addr, prefixLen)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            mLog.e("Error configuring interface " + e);
+            if (!enabled) {
+                try {
+                    // Calling stopDhcp several times is fine
+                    stopDhcp();
+                } catch (Exception dhcpError) {
+                    mLog.e("Error stopping DHCP", dhcpError);
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Directly-connected route.
+        final RouteInfo route = new RouteInfo(linkAddr);
+        if (enabled) {
+            mLinkProperties.addLinkAddress(linkAddr);
+            mLinkProperties.addRoute(route);
+        } else {
+            mLinkProperties.removeLinkAddress(linkAddr);
+            mLinkProperties.removeRoute(route);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private String getRandomWifiIPv4Address() {
+        try {
+            byte[] bytes = parseNumericAddress(WIFI_HOST_IFACE_ADDR).getAddress();
+            bytes[3] = getRandomSanitizedByte(DOUG_ADAMS, asByte(0), asByte(1), FF);
+            return InetAddress.getByAddress(bytes).getHostAddress();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            return WIFI_HOST_IFACE_ADDR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean startIPv6() {
+        mInterfaceParams = mDeps.getInterfaceParams(mIfaceName);
+        if (mInterfaceParams == null) {
+            mLog.e("Failed to find InterfaceParams");
+            stopIPv6();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        mRaDaemon = mDeps.getRouterAdvertisementDaemon(mInterfaceParams);
+        if (!mRaDaemon.start()) {
+            stopIPv6();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private void stopIPv6() {
+        mInterfaceParams = null;
+        setRaParams(null);
+
+        if (mRaDaemon != null) {
+            mRaDaemon.stop();
+            mRaDaemon = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // IPv6TetheringCoordinator sends updates with carefully curated IPv6-only
+    // LinkProperties. These have extraneous data filtered out and only the
+    // necessary prefixes included (per its prefix distribution policy).
+    //
+    // TODO: Evaluate using a data structure than is more directly suited to
+    // communicating only the relevant information.
+    private void updateUpstreamIPv6LinkProperties(LinkProperties v6only) {
+        if (mRaDaemon == null) return;
+
+        // Avoid unnecessary work on spurious updates.
+        if (Objects.equals(mLastIPv6LinkProperties, v6only)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        RaParams params = null;
+
+        if (v6only != null) {
+            params = new RaParams();
+            params.mtu = v6only.getMtu();
+            params.hasDefaultRoute = v6only.hasIpv6DefaultRoute();
+
+            if (params.hasDefaultRoute) params.hopLimit = getHopLimit(v6only.getInterfaceName());
+
+            for (LinkAddress linkAddr : v6only.getLinkAddresses()) {
+                if (linkAddr.getPrefixLength() != RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH) continue;
+
+                final IpPrefix prefix = new IpPrefix(
+                        linkAddr.getAddress(), linkAddr.getPrefixLength());
+                params.prefixes.add(prefix);
+
+                final Inet6Address dnsServer = getLocalDnsIpFor(prefix);
+                if (dnsServer != null) {
+                    params.dnses.add(dnsServer);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // If v6only is null, we pass in null to setRaParams(), which handles
+        // deprecation of any existing RA data.
+
+        setRaParams(params);
+        mLastIPv6LinkProperties = v6only;
+    }
+
+    private void configureLocalIPv6Routes(
+            HashSet<IpPrefix> deprecatedPrefixes, HashSet<IpPrefix> newPrefixes) {
+        // [1] Remove the routes that are deprecated.
+        if (!deprecatedPrefixes.isEmpty()) {
+            final ArrayList<RouteInfo> toBeRemoved =
+                    getLocalRoutesFor(mIfaceName, deprecatedPrefixes);
+            try {
+                final int removalFailures = mNMService.removeRoutesFromLocalNetwork(toBeRemoved);
+                if (removalFailures > 0) {
+                    mLog.e(String.format("Failed to remove %d IPv6 routes from local table.",
+                            removalFailures));
+                }
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                mLog.e("Failed to remove IPv6 routes from local table: " + e);
+            }
+
+            for (RouteInfo route : toBeRemoved) mLinkProperties.removeRoute(route);
+        }
+
+        // [2] Add only the routes that have not previously been added.
+        if (newPrefixes != null && !newPrefixes.isEmpty()) {
+            HashSet<IpPrefix> addedPrefixes = (HashSet) newPrefixes.clone();
+            if (mLastRaParams != null) {
+                addedPrefixes.removeAll(mLastRaParams.prefixes);
+            }
+
+            if (!addedPrefixes.isEmpty()) {
+                final ArrayList<RouteInfo> toBeAdded =
+                        getLocalRoutesFor(mIfaceName, addedPrefixes);
+                try {
+                    // It's safe to call addInterfaceToLocalNetwork() even if
+                    // the interface is already in the local_network. Note also
+                    // that adding routes that already exist does not cause an
+                    // error (EEXIST is silently ignored).
+                    mNMService.addInterfaceToLocalNetwork(mIfaceName, toBeAdded);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    mLog.e("Failed to add IPv6 routes to local table: " + e);
+                }
+
+                for (RouteInfo route : toBeAdded) mLinkProperties.addRoute(route);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void configureLocalIPv6Dns(
+            HashSet<Inet6Address> deprecatedDnses, HashSet<Inet6Address> newDnses) {
+        // TODO: Is this really necessary? Can we not fail earlier if INetd cannot be located?
+        if (mNetd == null) {
+            if (newDnses != null) newDnses.clear();
+            mLog.e("No netd service instance available; not setting local IPv6 addresses");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // [1] Remove deprecated local DNS IP addresses.
+        if (!deprecatedDnses.isEmpty()) {
+            for (Inet6Address dns : deprecatedDnses) {
+                if (!mInterfaceCtrl.removeAddress(dns, RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH)) {
+                    mLog.e("Failed to remove local dns IP " + dns);
+                }
+
+                mLinkProperties.removeLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(dns, RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // [2] Add only the local DNS IP addresses that have not previously been added.
+        if (newDnses != null && !newDnses.isEmpty()) {
+            final HashSet<Inet6Address> addedDnses = (HashSet) newDnses.clone();
+            if (mLastRaParams != null) {
+                addedDnses.removeAll(mLastRaParams.dnses);
+            }
+
+            for (Inet6Address dns : addedDnses) {
+                if (!mInterfaceCtrl.addAddress(dns, RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH)) {
+                    mLog.e("Failed to add local dns IP " + dns);
+                    newDnses.remove(dns);
+                }
+
+                mLinkProperties.addLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(dns, RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH));
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            mNetd.tetherApplyDnsInterfaces();
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException | RemoteException e) {
+            mLog.e("Failed to update local DNS caching server");
+            if (newDnses != null) newDnses.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private byte getHopLimit(String upstreamIface) {
+        try {
+            int upstreamHopLimit = Integer.parseUnsignedInt(
+                    mNetd.getProcSysNet(INetd.IPV6, INetd.CONF, upstreamIface, "hop_limit"));
+            // Add one hop to account for this forwarding device
+            upstreamHopLimit++;
+            // Cap the hop limit to 255.
+            return (byte) Integer.min(upstreamHopLimit, 255);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            mLog.e("Failed to find upstream interface hop limit", e);
+        }
+        return RaParams.DEFAULT_HOPLIMIT;
+    }
+
+    private void setRaParams(RaParams newParams) {
+        if (mRaDaemon != null) {
+            final RaParams deprecatedParams =
+                    RaParams.getDeprecatedRaParams(mLastRaParams, newParams);
+
+            configureLocalIPv6Routes(deprecatedParams.prefixes,
+                    (newParams != null) ? newParams.prefixes : null);
+
+            configureLocalIPv6Dns(deprecatedParams.dnses,
+                    (newParams != null) ? newParams.dnses : null);
+
+            mRaDaemon.buildNewRa(deprecatedParams, newParams);
+        }
+
+        mLastRaParams = newParams;
+    }
+
+    private void logMessage(State state, int what) {
+        mLog.log(state.getName() + " got " + sMagicDecoderRing.get(what, Integer.toString(what)));
+    }
+
+    private void sendInterfaceState(int newInterfaceState) {
+        mServingMode = newInterfaceState;
+        mCallback.updateInterfaceState(this, newInterfaceState, mLastError);
+        sendLinkProperties();
+    }
+
+    private void sendLinkProperties() {
+        mCallback.updateLinkProperties(this, new LinkProperties(mLinkProperties));
+    }
+
+    private void resetLinkProperties() {
+        mLinkProperties.clear();
+        mLinkProperties.setInterfaceName(mIfaceName);
+    }
+
+    class InitialState extends State {
+        @Override
+        public void enter() {
+            sendInterfaceState(STATE_AVAILABLE);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean processMessage(Message message) {
+            logMessage(this, message.what);
+            switch (message.what) {
+                case CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED:
+                    mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+                    switch (message.arg1) {
+                        case STATE_LOCAL_ONLY:
+                            transitionTo(mLocalHotspotState);
+                            break;
+                        case STATE_TETHERED:
+                            transitionTo(mTetheredState);
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            mLog.e("Invalid tethering interface serving state specified.");
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case CMD_INTERFACE_DOWN:
+                    transitionTo(mUnavailableState);
+                    break;
+                case CMD_IPV6_TETHER_UPDATE:
+                    updateUpstreamIPv6LinkProperties((LinkProperties) message.obj);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return NOT_HANDLED;
+            }
+            return HANDLED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class BaseServingState extends State {
+        @Override
+        public void enter() {
+            if (!startIPv4()) {
+                mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                mNMService.tetherInterface(mIfaceName);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                mLog.e("Error Tethering: " + e);
+                mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (!startIPv6()) {
+                mLog.e("Failed to startIPv6");
+                // TODO: Make this a fatal error once Bluetooth IPv6 is sorted.
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void exit() {
+            // Note that at this point, we're leaving the tethered state.  We can fail any
+            // of these operations, but it doesn't really change that we have to try them
+            // all in sequence.
+            stopIPv6();
+
+            try {
+                mNMService.untetherInterface(mIfaceName);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+                mLog.e("Failed to untether interface: " + e);
+            }
+
+            stopIPv4();
+
+            resetLinkProperties();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean processMessage(Message message) {
+            logMessage(this, message.what);
+            switch (message.what) {
+                case CMD_TETHER_UNREQUESTED:
+                    transitionTo(mInitialState);
+                    if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Untethered (unrequested)" + mIfaceName);
+                    break;
+                case CMD_INTERFACE_DOWN:
+                    transitionTo(mUnavailableState);
+                    if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Untethered (ifdown)" + mIfaceName);
+                    break;
+                case CMD_IPV6_TETHER_UPDATE:
+                    updateUpstreamIPv6LinkProperties((LinkProperties) message.obj);
+                    sendLinkProperties();
+                    break;
+                case CMD_IP_FORWARDING_ENABLE_ERROR:
+                case CMD_IP_FORWARDING_DISABLE_ERROR:
+                case CMD_START_TETHERING_ERROR:
+                case CMD_STOP_TETHERING_ERROR:
+                case CMD_SET_DNS_FORWARDERS_ERROR:
+                    mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_MASTER_ERROR;
+                    transitionTo(mInitialState);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handling errors in BaseServingState.enter() by transitioning is
+    // problematic because transitioning during a multi-state jump yields
+    // a Log.wtf(). Ultimately, there should be only one ServingState,
+    // and forwarding and NAT rules should be handled by a coordinating
+    // functional element outside of IpServer.
+    class LocalHotspotState extends BaseServingState {
+        @Override
+        public void enter() {
+            super.enter();
+            if (mLastError != ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
+                transitionTo(mInitialState);
+            }
+
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Local hotspot " + mIfaceName);
+            sendInterfaceState(STATE_LOCAL_ONLY);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean processMessage(Message message) {
+            if (super.processMessage(message)) return true;
+
+            logMessage(this, message.what);
+            switch (message.what) {
+                case CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED:
+                    mLog.e("CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED while in local-only hotspot mode.");
+                    break;
+                case CMD_TETHER_CONNECTION_CHANGED:
+                    // Ignored in local hotspot state.
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handling errors in BaseServingState.enter() by transitioning is
+    // problematic because transitioning during a multi-state jump yields
+    // a Log.wtf(). Ultimately, there should be only one ServingState,
+    // and forwarding and NAT rules should be handled by a coordinating
+    // functional element outside of IpServer.
+    class TetheredState extends BaseServingState {
+        @Override
+        public void enter() {
+            super.enter();
+            if (mLastError != ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
+                transitionTo(mInitialState);
+            }
+
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Tethered " + mIfaceName);
+            sendInterfaceState(STATE_TETHERED);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void exit() {
+            cleanupUpstream();
+            super.exit();
+        }
+
+        private void cleanupUpstream() {
+            if (mUpstreamIfaceSet == null) return;
+
+            for (String ifname : mUpstreamIfaceSet.ifnames) cleanupUpstreamInterface(ifname);
+            mUpstreamIfaceSet = null;
+        }
+
+        private void cleanupUpstreamInterface(String upstreamIface) {
+            // Note that we don't care about errors here.
+            // Sometimes interfaces are gone before we get
+            // to remove their rules, which generates errors.
+            // Just do the best we can.
+            try {
+                // About to tear down NAT; gather remaining statistics.
+                mStatsService.forceUpdate();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                if (VDBG) Log.e(TAG, "Exception in forceUpdate: " + e.toString());
+            }
+            try {
+                mNMService.stopInterfaceForwarding(mIfaceName, upstreamIface);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                if (VDBG) Log.e(TAG, "Exception in removeInterfaceForward: " + e.toString());
+            }
+            try {
+                mNMService.disableNat(mIfaceName, upstreamIface);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                if (VDBG) Log.e(TAG, "Exception in disableNat: " + e.toString());
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean processMessage(Message message) {
+            if (super.processMessage(message)) return true;
+
+            logMessage(this, message.what);
+            switch (message.what) {
+                case CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED:
+                    mLog.e("CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED while already tethering.");
+                    break;
+                case CMD_TETHER_CONNECTION_CHANGED:
+                    final InterfaceSet newUpstreamIfaceSet = (InterfaceSet) message.obj;
+                    if (noChangeInUpstreamIfaceSet(newUpstreamIfaceSet)) {
+                        if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "Connection changed noop - dropping");
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    if (newUpstreamIfaceSet == null) {
+                        cleanupUpstream();
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    for (String removed : upstreamInterfacesRemoved(newUpstreamIfaceSet)) {
+                        cleanupUpstreamInterface(removed);
+                    }
+
+                    final Set<String> added = upstreamInterfacesAdd(newUpstreamIfaceSet);
+                    // This makes the call to cleanupUpstream() in the error
+                    // path for any interface neatly cleanup all the interfaces.
+                    mUpstreamIfaceSet = newUpstreamIfaceSet;
+
+                    for (String ifname : added) {
+                        try {
+                            mNMService.enableNat(mIfaceName, ifname);
+                            mNMService.startInterfaceForwarding(mIfaceName, ifname);
+                        } catch (Exception e) {
+                            mLog.e("Exception enabling NAT: " + e);
+                            cleanupUpstream();
+                            mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_NAT_ERROR;
+                            transitionTo(mInitialState);
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private boolean noChangeInUpstreamIfaceSet(InterfaceSet newIfaces) {
+            if (mUpstreamIfaceSet == null && newIfaces == null) return true;
+            if (mUpstreamIfaceSet != null && newIfaces != null) {
+                return mUpstreamIfaceSet.equals(newIfaces);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private Set<String> upstreamInterfacesRemoved(InterfaceSet newIfaces) {
+            if (mUpstreamIfaceSet == null) return new HashSet<>();
+
+            final HashSet<String> removed = new HashSet<>(mUpstreamIfaceSet.ifnames);
+            removed.removeAll(newIfaces.ifnames);
+            return removed;
+        }
+
+        private Set<String> upstreamInterfacesAdd(InterfaceSet newIfaces) {
+            final HashSet<String> added = new HashSet<>(newIfaces.ifnames);
+            if (mUpstreamIfaceSet != null) added.removeAll(mUpstreamIfaceSet.ifnames);
+            return added;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This state is terminal for the per interface state machine.  At this
+     * point, the master state machine should have removed this interface
+     * specific state machine from its list of possible recipients of
+     * tethering requests.  The state machine itself will hang around until
+     * the garbage collector finds it.
+     */
+    class UnavailableState extends State {
+        @Override
+        public void enter() {
+            mLastError = ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+            sendInterfaceState(STATE_UNAVAILABLE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Accumulate routes representing "prefixes to be assigned to the local
+    // interface", for subsequent modification of local_network routing.
+    private static ArrayList<RouteInfo> getLocalRoutesFor(
+            String ifname, HashSet<IpPrefix> prefixes) {
+        final ArrayList<RouteInfo> localRoutes = new ArrayList<RouteInfo>();
+        for (IpPrefix ipp : prefixes) {
+            localRoutes.add(new RouteInfo(ipp, null, ifname));
+        }
+        return localRoutes;
+    }
+
+    // Given a prefix like 2001:db8::/64 return an address like 2001:db8::1.
+    private static Inet6Address getLocalDnsIpFor(IpPrefix localPrefix) {
+        final byte[] dnsBytes = localPrefix.getRawAddress();
+        dnsBytes[dnsBytes.length - 1] = getRandomSanitizedByte(DOUG_ADAMS, asByte(0), asByte(1));
+        try {
+            return Inet6Address.getByAddress(null, dnsBytes, 0);
+        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Failed to construct Inet6Address from: " + localPrefix);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte getRandomSanitizedByte(byte dflt, byte... excluded) {
+        final byte random = (byte) (new Random()).nextInt();
+        for (int value : excluded) {
+            if (random == value) return dflt;
+        }
+        return random;
+    }
+}