Thread-local mark stacks for the CC collector.

Thread-local mark stacks are assigned to mutators where they push
references in read barriers to reduce the (CAS) synchronization cost
in a global mark stack/queue.

We step through three mark stack modes (thread-local, shared,
GC-exclusive) and use per-thread flags to disable/enable system weak
accesses (only for the CC collector) instead of the existing global
one to safely perform the marking phase. The reasons are 1)
thread-local mark stacks for mutators need to be revoked using a
checkpoint to avoid races (incorrectly leaving a reference on mark
stacks) when terminating marking, and 2) we can’t use a checkpoint
while system weak accesses are disabled (or a deadlock would
happen). More details are described in the code comments.

Performance improvements in Ritzperf EAAC: a ~2.8% improvement
(13290->12918) in run time and a ~23% improvement (51.6s->39.8s) in
the total GC time on N5.

Bug: 12687968
Change-Id: I5d234d7e48bf115cd773d38bdb62ad24ce9116c7
diff --git a/runtime/java_vm_ext.h b/runtime/java_vm_ext.h
index 4fdf45a..694a545 100644
--- a/runtime/java_vm_ext.h
+++ b/runtime/java_vm_ext.h
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@
   void DisallowNewWeakGlobals() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
   void AllowNewWeakGlobals() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
   void EnsureNewWeakGlobalsDisallowed() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  void BroadcastForNewWeakGlobals() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   jobject AddGlobalRef(Thread* self, mirror::Object* obj)
       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);