Merge "Revert "Revert "Avoid compiling monster methods in boot image"""
diff --git a/build/Android.common.mk b/build/Android.common.mk
index 28546e9..0522456 100644
--- a/build/Android.common.mk
+++ b/build/Android.common.mk
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@
 	external/gtest/include \
 	external/valgrind/main/include \
 	external/valgrind/main \
+	external/vixl/src \
 	external/zlib \
 	frameworks/compile/mclinker/include
 
diff --git a/build/Android.gtest.mk b/build/Android.gtest.mk
index 6907603..19748a8 100644
--- a/build/Android.gtest.mk
+++ b/build/Android.gtest.mk
@@ -68,12 +68,14 @@
 	compiler/image_test.cc \
 	compiler/jni/jni_compiler_test.cc \
 	compiler/oat_test.cc \
+	compiler/optimizing/codegen_test.cc \
 	compiler/optimizing/dominator_test.cc \
 	compiler/optimizing/pretty_printer_test.cc \
 	compiler/output_stream_test.cc \
 	compiler/utils/arena_allocator_test.cc \
 	compiler/utils/dedupe_set_test.cc \
 	compiler/utils/arm/managed_register_arm_test.cc \
+	compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64_test.cc \
 	compiler/utils/x86/managed_register_x86_test.cc \
 
 ifeq ($(ART_SEA_IR_MODE),true)
diff --git a/compiler/Android.mk b/compiler/Android.mk
index 2f785ce..499f23f 100644
--- a/compiler/Android.mk
+++ b/compiler/Android.mk
@@ -70,12 +70,17 @@
 	jni/quick/calling_convention.cc \
 	jni/quick/jni_compiler.cc \
 	optimizing/builder.cc \
+	optimizing/code_generator.cc \
+	optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc \
+	optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc \
 	optimizing/nodes.cc \
 	trampolines/trampoline_compiler.cc \
 	utils/arena_allocator.cc \
 	utils/arena_bit_vector.cc \
 	utils/arm/assembler_arm.cc \
 	utils/arm/managed_register_arm.cc \
+	utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.cc \
+	utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.cc \
 	utils/assembler.cc \
 	utils/mips/assembler_mips.cc \
 	utils/mips/managed_register_mips.cc \
@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@
       LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libmcldMipsInfo libmcldMipsTarget
       include $(LLVM_HOST_BUILD_MK)
     endif
-    LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libmcldCore libmcldObject libmcldADT libmcldFragment libmcldTarget libmcldCodeGen libmcldLDVariant libmcldMC libmcldSupport libmcldLD
+    LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libmcldCore libmcldObject libmcldADT libmcldFragment libmcldTarget libmcldCodeGen libmcldLDVariant libmcldMC libmcldSupport libmcldLD libmcldScript
     include $(LLVM_GEN_INTRINSICS_MK)
   endif
 
@@ -232,10 +237,10 @@
   LOCAL_ADDITIONAL_DEPENDENCIES := art/build/Android.common.mk
   LOCAL_ADDITIONAL_DEPENDENCIES += $(LOCAL_PATH)/Android.mk
   ifeq ($$(art_target_or_host),target)
-    LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += libcutils
+    LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += libcutils libvixl
     include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
   else # host
-    LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libcutils
+    LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libcutils libvixl
     include $(BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY)
   endif
 
diff --git a/compiler/dex/quick/gen_invoke.cc b/compiler/dex/quick/gen_invoke.cc
index dd3d466..2f017c8 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/quick/gen_invoke.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/quick/gen_invoke.cc
@@ -1251,12 +1251,12 @@
 
   RegLocation rl_obj = info->args[0];
   RegLocation rl_char = info->args[1];
-  RegLocation rl_start = info->args[2];
   LoadValueDirectFixed(rl_obj, reg_ptr);
   LoadValueDirectFixed(rl_char, reg_char);
   if (zero_based) {
     LoadConstant(reg_start, 0);
   } else {
+    RegLocation rl_start = info->args[2];     // 3rd arg only present in III flavor of IndexOf.
     LoadValueDirectFixed(rl_start, reg_start);
   }
   int r_tgt = LoadHelper(QUICK_ENTRYPOINT_OFFSET(pIndexOf));
diff --git a/compiler/dex/quick/x86/target_x86.cc b/compiler/dex/quick/x86/target_x86.cc
index ef8be3c..78a2169 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/quick/x86/target_x86.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/quick/x86/target_x86.cc
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@
 
   RegLocation rl_obj = info->args[0];
   RegLocation rl_char = info->args[1];
-  RegLocation rl_start = info->args[2];
+  RegLocation rl_start;  // Note: only present in III flavor or IndexOf.
 
   uint32_t char_value =
     rl_char.is_const ? mir_graph_->ConstantValue(rl_char.orig_sreg) : 0;
@@ -1007,6 +1007,7 @@
     // We have to handle an empty string.  Use special instruction JECXZ.
     length_compare = NewLIR0(kX86Jecxz8);
   } else {
+    rl_start = info->args[2];
     // We have to offset by the start index.
     if (rl_start.is_const) {
       start_value = mir_graph_->ConstantValue(rl_start.orig_sreg);
diff --git a/compiler/elf_writer_mclinker.cc b/compiler/elf_writer_mclinker.cc
index b2d3a69..f688103 100644
--- a/compiler/elf_writer_mclinker.cc
+++ b/compiler/elf_writer_mclinker.cc
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "class_linker.h"
 #include "dex_method_iterator.h"
 #include "driver/compiler_driver.h"
+#include "elf_file.h"
 #include "globals.h"
 #include "mirror/art_method.h"
 #include "mirror/art_method-inl.h"
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@
   mcld::LDSection* null_section = ir_builder_->CreateELFHeader(*oat_input_,
                                                                "",
                                                                mcld::LDFileFormat::Null,
-                                                               llvm::ELF::SHT_NULL,
+                                                               SHT_NULL,
                                                                0);
   CHECK(null_section != NULL);
 
@@ -194,9 +195,8 @@
   // TODO: ownership of text_section?
   mcld::LDSection* text_section = ir_builder_->CreateELFHeader(*oat_input_,
                                                                ".text",
-                                                               llvm::ELF::SHT_PROGBITS,
-                                                               llvm::ELF::SHF_EXECINSTR
-                                                               | llvm::ELF::SHF_ALLOC,
+                                                               SHT_PROGBITS,
+                                                               SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC,
                                                                alignment);
   CHECK(text_section != NULL);
 
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
     PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to dup file descriptor for " << elf_file_->GetPath();
     return false;
   }
-  if (!linker_->emit(fd)) {
+  if (!linker_->emit(*module_.get(), fd)) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to emit " << elf_file_->GetPath();
     return false;
   }
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@
   UniquePtr<ElfFile> elf_file(ElfFile::Open(elf_file_, true, false, &error_msg));
   CHECK(elf_file.get() != NULL) << elf_file_->GetPath() << ": " << error_msg;
 
-  llvm::ELF::Elf32_Addr oatdata_address = GetOatDataAddress(elf_file.get());
+  uint32_t oatdata_address = GetOatDataAddress(elf_file.get());
   DexMethodIterator it(dex_files);
   while (it.HasNext()) {
     const DexFile& dex_file = it.GetDexFile();
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@
 }
 
 uint32_t ElfWriterMclinker::FixupCompiledCodeOffset(ElfFile& elf_file,
-                                                    llvm::ELF::Elf32_Addr oatdata_address,
+                                                    Elf32_Addr oatdata_address,
                                                     const CompiledCode& compiled_code) {
   const std::string& symbol = compiled_code.GetSymbol();
   SafeMap<const std::string*, uint32_t>::iterator it = symbol_to_compiled_code_offset_.find(&symbol);
@@ -392,9 +392,9 @@
     return it->second;
   }
 
-  llvm::ELF::Elf32_Addr compiled_code_address = elf_file.FindSymbolAddress(llvm::ELF::SHT_SYMTAB,
-                                                                           symbol,
-                                                                           true);
+  Elf32_Addr compiled_code_address = elf_file.FindSymbolAddress(SHT_SYMTAB,
+                                                                symbol,
+                                                                true);
   CHECK_NE(0U, compiled_code_address) << symbol;
   CHECK_LT(oatdata_address, compiled_code_address) << symbol;
   uint32_t compiled_code_offset = compiled_code_address - oatdata_address;
diff --git a/compiler/oat_writer.cc b/compiler/oat_writer.cc
index 186ab38..5394bbc 100644
--- a/compiler/oat_writer.cc
+++ b/compiler/oat_writer.cc
@@ -1014,6 +1014,7 @@
 }
 
 OatWriter::OatClass::~OatClass() {
+  delete method_bitmap_;
   delete compiled_methods_;
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/builder.cc b/compiler/optimizing/builder.cc
index e6db7bc..f78e56b 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/builder.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/builder.cc
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
   entry_block_->AddInstruction(new (arena_) HGoto());
   exit_block_ = new (arena_) HBasicBlock(graph_);
   exit_block_->AddInstruction(new (arena_) HExit());
+  graph_->set_entry_block(entry_block_);
+  graph_->set_exit_block(exit_block_);
 
   // To avoid splitting blocks, we compute ahead of time the instructions that
   // start a new block, and create these blocks.
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01fc23b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "code_generator.h"
+
+#include "code_generator_arm.h"
+#include "code_generator_x86.h"
+#include "utils/assembler.h"
+#include "utils/arm/assembler_arm.h"
+#include "utils/mips/assembler_mips.h"
+#include "utils/x86/assembler_x86.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+void CodeGenerator::Compile(CodeAllocator* allocator) {
+  GenerateFrameEntry();
+  const GrowableArray<HBasicBlock*>* blocks = graph()->blocks();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < blocks->Size(); i++) {
+    CompileBlock(blocks->Get(i));
+  }
+  size_t code_size = assembler_->CodeSize();
+  uint8_t* buffer = allocator->Allocate(code_size);
+  MemoryRegion code(buffer, code_size);
+  assembler_->FinalizeInstructions(code);
+}
+
+void CodeGenerator::CompileBlock(HBasicBlock* block) {
+  Bind(GetLabelOf(block));
+  for (HInstructionIterator it(block); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
+    it.Current()->Accept(this);
+  }
+}
+
+bool CodeGenerator::GoesToNextBlock(HGoto* goto_instruction) const {
+  HBasicBlock* successor = goto_instruction->GetSuccessor();
+  // We currently iterate over the block in insertion order.
+  return goto_instruction->block()->block_id() + 1 == successor->block_id();
+}
+
+Label* CodeGenerator::GetLabelOf(HBasicBlock* block) const {
+  return block_labels_.GetRawStorage() + block->block_id();
+}
+
+bool CodeGenerator::CompileGraph(HGraph* graph,
+                                 InstructionSet instruction_set,
+                                 CodeAllocator* allocator) {
+  switch (instruction_set) {
+    case kArm:
+    case kThumb2: {
+      arm::ArmAssembler assembler;
+      arm::CodeGeneratorARM(&assembler, graph).Compile(allocator);
+      return true;
+    }
+    case kMips:
+      return false;
+    case kX86: {
+      x86::X86Assembler assembler;
+      x86::CodeGeneratorX86(&assembler, graph).Compile(allocator);
+      return true;
+    }
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a5ae7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_H_
+
+#include "instruction_set.h"
+#include "memory_region.h"
+#include "nodes.h"
+#include "utils/assembler.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class CodeAllocator {
+ public:
+  CodeAllocator() { }
+  virtual ~CodeAllocator() { }
+
+  virtual uint8_t* Allocate(size_t size) = 0;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeAllocator);
+};
+
+class CodeGenerator : public HGraphVisitor {
+ public:
+  // Compiles the graph to executable instructions. Returns whether the compilation
+  // succeeded.
+  static bool CompileGraph(
+      HGraph* graph, InstructionSet instruction_set, CodeAllocator* allocator);
+
+  Assembler* assembler() const { return assembler_; }
+
+  // Visit functions for instruction classes.
+#define DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION(name)     \
+  virtual void Visit##name(H##name* instr) = 0;
+
+  FOR_EACH_INSTRUCTION(DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION)
+
+#undef DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION
+
+ protected:
+  CodeGenerator(Assembler* assembler, HGraph* graph)
+      : HGraphVisitor(graph), assembler_(assembler), block_labels_(graph->arena(), 0) {
+    block_labels_.SetSize(graph->blocks()->Size());
+  }
+
+  Label* GetLabelOf(HBasicBlock* block) const;
+  bool GoesToNextBlock(HGoto* got) const;
+
+ private:
+  virtual void GenerateFrameEntry() = 0;
+  virtual void GenerateFrameExit() = 0;
+  virtual void Bind(Label* label) = 0;
+
+  void Compile(CodeAllocator* allocator);
+  void CompileBlock(HBasicBlock* block);
+
+  Assembler* const assembler_;
+
+  // Labels for each block that will be compiled.
+  GrowableArray<Label> block_labels_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeGenerator);
+};
+
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_H_
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99bbaa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "code_generator_arm.h"
+#include "utils/assembler.h"
+#include "utils/arm/assembler_arm.h"
+
+#define __ reinterpret_cast<ArmAssembler*>(assembler())->
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm {
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::GenerateFrameEntry() {
+  RegList registers = (1 << LR) | (1 << FP);
+  __ PushList(registers);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::GenerateFrameExit() {
+  RegList registers = (1 << PC) | (1 << FP);
+  __ PopList(registers);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::Bind(Label* label) {
+  __ Bind(label);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::VisitGoto(HGoto* got) {
+  HBasicBlock* successor = got->GetSuccessor();
+  if (graph()->exit_block() == successor) {
+    GenerateFrameExit();
+  } else if (!GoesToNextBlock(got)) {
+    __ b(GetLabelOf(successor));
+  }
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::VisitExit(HExit* exit) {
+  if (kIsDebugBuild) {
+    __ Comment("Unreachable");
+    __ bkpt(0);
+  }
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::VisitIf(HIf* if_instr) {
+  LOG(FATAL) << "UNIMPLEMENTED";
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorARM::VisitReturnVoid(HReturnVoid* ret) {
+  GenerateFrameExit();
+}
+
+}  // namespace arm
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.h b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27a83b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_ARM_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_ARM_H_
+
+#include "code_generator.h"
+#include "nodes.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class Assembler;
+class Label;
+
+namespace arm {
+
+class CodeGeneratorARM : public CodeGenerator {
+ public:
+  CodeGeneratorARM(Assembler* assembler, HGraph* graph)
+      : CodeGenerator(assembler, graph) { }
+
+  // Visit functions for instruction classes.
+#define DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION(name)     \
+  virtual void Visit##name(H##name* instr);
+
+  FOR_EACH_INSTRUCTION(DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION)
+
+#undef DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION
+
+ private:
+  virtual void GenerateFrameEntry();
+  virtual void GenerateFrameExit();
+  virtual void Bind(Label* label);
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeGeneratorARM);
+};
+
+}  // namespace arm
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_ARM_H_
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1facfd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "code_generator_x86.h"
+#include "utils/assembler.h"
+#include "utils/x86/assembler_x86.h"
+
+#define __ reinterpret_cast<X86Assembler*>(assembler())->
+
+namespace art {
+namespace x86 {
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::GenerateFrameEntry() {
+  __ pushl(EBP);
+  __ movl(EBP, ESP);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::GenerateFrameExit() {
+  __ movl(ESP, EBP);
+  __ popl(EBP);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::Bind(Label* label) {
+  __ Bind(label);
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::VisitGoto(HGoto* got) {
+  HBasicBlock* successor = got->GetSuccessor();
+  if (graph()->exit_block() == successor) {
+    GenerateFrameExit();
+  } else if (!GoesToNextBlock(got)) {
+    __ jmp(GetLabelOf(successor));
+  }
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::VisitExit(HExit* exit) {
+  if (kIsDebugBuild) {
+    __ Comment("Unreachable");
+    __ int3();
+  }
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::VisitIf(HIf* if_instr) {
+  LOG(FATAL) << "UNIMPLEMENTED";
+}
+
+void CodeGeneratorX86::VisitReturnVoid(HReturnVoid* ret) {
+  GenerateFrameExit();
+  __ ret();
+}
+
+}  // namespace x86
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.h b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dae2ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_X86_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_X86_H_
+
+#include "code_generator.h"
+#include "nodes.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class Assembler;
+class Label;
+
+namespace x86 {
+
+class CodeGeneratorX86 : public CodeGenerator {
+ public:
+  CodeGeneratorX86(Assembler* assembler, HGraph* graph)
+      : CodeGenerator(assembler, graph) { }
+
+  // Visit functions for instruction classes.
+#define DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION(name)     \
+  virtual void Visit##name(H##name* instr);
+
+  FOR_EACH_INSTRUCTION(DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION)
+
+#undef DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION
+
+ private:
+  virtual void GenerateFrameEntry();
+  virtual void GenerateFrameExit();
+  virtual void Bind(Label* label);
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeGeneratorX86);
+};
+
+}  // namespace x86
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_OPTIMIZING_CODE_GENERATOR_X86_H_
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/codegen_test.cc b/compiler/optimizing/codegen_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc4999b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/codegen_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "builder.h"
+#include "code_generator.h"
+#include "common_compiler_test.h"
+#include "dex_instruction.h"
+#include "instruction_set.h"
+#include "nodes.h"
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class ExecutableMemoryAllocator : public CodeAllocator {
+ public:
+  ExecutableMemoryAllocator() { }
+
+  virtual uint8_t* Allocate(size_t size) {
+    memory_.reset(new uint8_t[size]);
+    CommonCompilerTest::MakeExecutable(memory_.get(), size);
+    return memory_.get();
+  }
+
+  uint8_t* memory() const { return memory_.get(); }
+
+ private:
+  UniquePtr<uint8_t[]> memory_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ExecutableMemoryAllocator);
+};
+
+static void TestCode(const uint16_t* data, int length) {
+  ArenaPool pool;
+  ArenaAllocator arena(&pool);
+  HGraphBuilder builder(&arena);
+  HGraph* graph = builder.BuildGraph(data, data + length);
+  ASSERT_NE(graph, nullptr);
+  ExecutableMemoryAllocator allocator;
+  CHECK(CodeGenerator::CompileGraph(graph, kX86, &allocator));
+  typedef void (*fptr)();
+#if defined(__i386__)
+  reinterpret_cast<fptr>(allocator.memory())();
+#endif
+  CHECK(CodeGenerator::CompileGraph(graph, kArm, &allocator));
+#if defined(__arm__)
+  reinterpret_cast<fptr>(allocator.memory())();
+#endif
+}
+
+TEST(CodegenTest, ReturnVoid) {
+  const uint16_t data[] = { Instruction::RETURN_VOID };
+  TestCode(data, sizeof(data) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+}
+
+TEST(PrettyPrinterTest, CFG1) {
+  const uint16_t data[] = {
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0x100,
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data, sizeof(data) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+}
+
+TEST(PrettyPrinterTest, CFG2) {
+  const uint16_t data[] = {
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0x100,
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0x100,
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data, sizeof(data) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+}
+
+TEST(PrettyPrinterTest, CFG3) {
+  const uint16_t data1[] = {
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0x200,
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID,
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0xFF00
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data1, sizeof(data1) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+
+  const uint16_t data2[] = {
+    Instruction::GOTO_16, 3,
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID,
+    Instruction::GOTO_16, 0xFFFF
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data2, sizeof(data2) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+
+  const uint16_t data3[] = {
+    Instruction::GOTO_32, 4, 0,
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID,
+    Instruction::GOTO_32, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data3, sizeof(data3) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+}
+
+TEST(PrettyPrinterTest, CFG4) {
+  const uint16_t data[] = {
+    Instruction::RETURN_VOID,
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0x100,
+    Instruction::GOTO | 0xFE00
+  };
+
+  TestCode(data, sizeof(data) / sizeof(uint16_t));
+}
+
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
index 9ec8e89..aefb089 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 void HGraph::FindBackEdges(ArenaBitVector* visited) const {
   ArenaBitVector visiting(arena_, blocks_.Size(), false);
-  VisitBlockForBackEdges(GetEntryBlock(), visited, &visiting);
+  VisitBlockForBackEdges(entry_block_, visited, &visiting);
 }
 
 void HGraph::RemoveDeadBlocks(const ArenaBitVector& visited) const {
@@ -75,10 +75,9 @@
   //     have been processed.
   GrowableArray<size_t> visits(arena_, blocks_.Size());
   visits.SetSize(blocks_.Size());
-  HBasicBlock* entry = GetEntryBlock();
-  dominator_order_.Add(entry);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < entry->successors()->Size(); i++) {
-    VisitBlockForDominatorTree(entry->successors()->Get(i), entry, &visits);
+  dominator_order_.Add(entry_block_);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < entry_block_->successors()->Size(); i++) {
+    VisitBlockForDominatorTree(entry_block_->successors()->Get(i), entry_block_, &visits);
   }
 }
 
@@ -122,6 +121,7 @@
 }
 
 void HBasicBlock::AddInstruction(HInstruction* instruction) {
+  instruction->set_block(this);
   if (first_instruction_ == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(last_instruction_ == nullptr);
     first_instruction_ = last_instruction_ = instruction;
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
index 3d5d531..46fe95e 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@
   ArenaAllocator* arena() const { return arena_; }
   const GrowableArray<HBasicBlock*>* blocks() const { return &blocks_; }
 
+  HBasicBlock* entry_block() const { return entry_block_; }
+  HBasicBlock* exit_block() const { return exit_block_; }
+
+  void set_entry_block(HBasicBlock* block) { entry_block_ = block; }
+  void set_exit_block(HBasicBlock* block) { exit_block_ = block; }
+
+
   void AddBlock(HBasicBlock* block);
   void BuildDominatorTree();
 
@@ -57,8 +64,6 @@
                               ArenaBitVector* visiting) const;
   void RemoveDeadBlocks(const ArenaBitVector& visited) const;
 
-  HBasicBlock* GetEntryBlock() const { return blocks_.Get(0); }
-
   ArenaAllocator* const arena_;
 
   // List of blocks in insertion order.
@@ -67,6 +72,9 @@
   // List of blocks to perform a pre-order dominator tree traversal.
   GrowableArray<HBasicBlock*> dominator_order_;
 
+  HBasicBlock* entry_block_;
+  HBasicBlock* exit_block_;
+
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(HGraph);
 };
 
@@ -174,12 +182,15 @@
 
 class HInstruction : public ArenaObject {
  public:
-  HInstruction() : previous_(nullptr), next_(nullptr) { }
+  HInstruction() : previous_(nullptr), next_(nullptr), block_(nullptr) { }
   virtual ~HInstruction() { }
 
   HInstruction* next() const { return next_; }
   HInstruction* previous() const { return previous_; }
 
+  HBasicBlock* block() const { return block_; }
+  void set_block(HBasicBlock* block) { block_ = block; }
+
   virtual intptr_t InputCount() const  = 0;
   virtual HInstruction* InputAt(intptr_t i) const = 0;
 
@@ -189,6 +200,7 @@
  private:
   HInstruction* previous_;
   HInstruction* next_;
+  HBasicBlock* block_;
 
   friend class HBasicBlock;
 
@@ -304,6 +316,10 @@
  public:
   HGoto() { }
 
+  HBasicBlock* GetSuccessor() const {
+    return block()->successors()->Get(0);
+  }
+
   DECLARE_INSTRUCTION(Goto)
 
  private:
@@ -333,6 +349,8 @@
 
   void VisitInsertionOrder();
 
+  HGraph* graph() const { return graph_; }
+
   // Visit functions for instruction classes.
 #define DECLARE_VISIT_INSTRUCTION(name)                                        \
   virtual void Visit##name(H##name* instr) { VisitInstruction(instr); }
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arena_allocator.cc b/compiler/utils/arena_allocator.cc
index ec41293..00c3c57 100644
--- a/compiler/utils/arena_allocator.cc
+++ b/compiler/utils/arena_allocator.cc
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 
 void ArenaPool::FreeArena(Arena* arena) {
   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
-  if (UNLIKELY(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND)) {
+  if (UNLIKELY(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0)) {
     VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_UNDEFINED(arena->memory_, arena->bytes_allocated_);
   }
   {
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
     ptr_(nullptr),
     arena_head_(nullptr),
     num_allocations_(0),
-    running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND) {
+    running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0) {
   memset(&alloc_stats_[0], 0, sizeof(alloc_stats_));
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.cc b/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b364ba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "assembler_arm64.h"
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "entrypoints/quick/quick_entrypoints.h"
+#include "offsets.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+#ifdef ___
+#error "ARM64 Assembler macro already defined."
+#else
+#define ___   vixl_masm_->
+#endif
+
+void Arm64Assembler::EmitSlowPaths() {
+  if (!exception_blocks_.empty()) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < exception_blocks_.size(); i++) {
+      EmitExceptionPoll(exception_blocks_.at(i));
+    }
+  }
+  ___ FinalizeCode();
+}
+
+size_t Arm64Assembler::CodeSize() const {
+  return ___ SizeOfCodeGenerated();
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::FinalizeInstructions(const MemoryRegion& region) {
+  // Copy the instructions from the buffer.
+  MemoryRegion from(reinterpret_cast<void*>(vixl_buf_), CodeSize());
+  region.CopyFrom(0, from);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::GetCurrentThread(ManagedRegister tr) {
+  ___ Mov(reg_x(tr.AsArm64().AsCoreRegister()), reg_x(TR));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::GetCurrentThread(FrameOffset offset, ManagedRegister /* scratch */) {
+  StoreToOffset(TR, SP, offset.Int32Value());
+}
+
+// See Arm64 PCS Section 5.2.2.1.
+void Arm64Assembler::IncreaseFrameSize(size_t adjust) {
+  CHECK_ALIGNED(adjust, kStackAlignment);
+  AddConstant(SP, -adjust);
+}
+
+// See Arm64 PCS Section 5.2.2.1.
+void Arm64Assembler::DecreaseFrameSize(size_t adjust) {
+  CHECK_ALIGNED(adjust, kStackAlignment);
+  AddConstant(SP, adjust);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::AddConstant(Register rd, int32_t value, Condition cond) {
+  AddConstant(rd, rd, value, cond);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::AddConstant(Register rd, Register rn, int32_t value,
+                                 Condition cond) {
+  if ((cond == AL) || (cond == NV)) {
+    // VIXL macro-assembler handles all variants.
+    ___ Add(reg_x(rd), reg_x(rn), value);
+  } else {
+    // ip1 = rd + value
+    // rd = cond ? ip1 : rn
+    CHECK_NE(rn, IP1);
+    ___ Add(reg_x(IP1), reg_x(rn), value);
+    ___ Csel(reg_x(rd), reg_x(IP1), reg_x(rd), COND_OP(cond));
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreWToOffset(StoreOperandType type, WRegister source,
+                                    Register base, int32_t offset) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case kStoreByte:
+      ___ Strb(reg_w(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kStoreHalfword:
+      ___ Strh(reg_w(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kStoreWord:
+      ___ Str(reg_w(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    default:
+      LOG(FATAL) << "UNREACHABLE";
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreToOffset(Register source, Register base, int32_t offset) {
+  CHECK_NE(source, SP);
+  ___ Str(reg_x(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreSToOffset(SRegister source, Register base, int32_t offset) {
+  ___ Str(reg_s(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreDToOffset(DRegister source, Register base, int32_t offset) {
+  ___ Str(reg_d(source), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Store(FrameOffset offs, ManagedRegister m_src, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister src = m_src.AsArm64();
+  if (src.IsNoRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(0u, size);
+  } else if (src.IsWRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(4u, size);
+    StoreWToOffset(kStoreWord, src.AsWRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+  } else if (src.IsCoreRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(8u, size);
+    StoreToOffset(src.AsCoreRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+  } else if (src.IsSRegister()) {
+    StoreSToOffset(src.AsSRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+  } else {
+    CHECK(src.IsDRegister()) << src;
+    StoreDToOffset(src.AsDRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreRef(FrameOffset offs, ManagedRegister m_src) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister src = m_src.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(src.IsCoreRegister()) << src;
+  StoreToOffset(src.AsCoreRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreRawPtr(FrameOffset offs, ManagedRegister m_src) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister src = m_src.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(src.IsCoreRegister()) << src;
+  StoreToOffset(src.AsCoreRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreImmediateToFrame(FrameOffset offs, uint32_t imm,
+                                           ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadImmediate(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), imm);
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreImmediateToThread(ThreadOffset offs, uint32_t imm,
+                                            ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadImmediate(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), imm);
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), TR, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreStackOffsetToThread(ThreadOffset tr_offs,
+                                              FrameOffset fr_offs,
+                                              ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  AddConstant(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, fr_offs.Int32Value());
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), TR, tr_offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreStackPointerToThread(ThreadOffset tr_offs) {
+  // Arm64 does not support: "str sp, [dest]" therefore we use IP1 as a temp reg.
+  ___ Mov(reg_x(IP1), reg_x(SP));
+  StoreToOffset(IP1, TR, tr_offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::StoreSpanning(FrameOffset dest_off, ManagedRegister m_source,
+                                   FrameOffset in_off, ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister source = m_source.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  StoreToOffset(source.AsCoreRegister(), SP, dest_off.Int32Value());
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, in_off.Int32Value());
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, dest_off.Int32Value() + 8);
+}
+
+// Load routines.
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadImmediate(Register dest, int32_t value,
+                                   Condition cond) {
+  if ((cond == AL) || (cond == NV)) {
+    ___ Mov(reg_x(dest), value);
+  } else {
+    // ip1 = value
+    // rd = cond ? ip1 : rd
+    if (value != 0) {
+      CHECK_NE(dest, IP1);
+      ___ Mov(reg_x(IP1), value);
+      ___ Csel(reg_x(dest), reg_x(IP1), reg_x(dest), COND_OP(cond));
+    } else {
+      ___ Csel(reg_x(dest), reg_x(XZR), reg_x(dest), COND_OP(cond));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadWFromOffset(LoadOperandType type, WRegister dest,
+                                     Register base, int32_t offset) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case kLoadSignedByte:
+      ___ Ldrsb(reg_w(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kLoadSignedHalfword:
+      ___ Ldrsh(reg_w(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kLoadUnsignedByte:
+      ___ Ldrb(reg_w(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kLoadUnsignedHalfword:
+      ___ Ldrh(reg_w(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    case kLoadWord:
+      ___ Ldr(reg_w(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+      break;
+    default:
+        LOG(FATAL) << "UNREACHABLE";
+  }
+}
+
+// Note: We can extend this member by adding load type info - see
+// sign extended A64 load variants.
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadFromOffset(Register dest, Register base,
+                                    int32_t offset) {
+  CHECK_NE(dest, SP);
+  ___ Ldr(reg_x(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadSFromOffset(SRegister dest, Register base,
+                                     int32_t offset) {
+  ___ Ldr(reg_s(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadDFromOffset(DRegister dest, Register base,
+                                     int32_t offset) {
+  ___ Ldr(reg_d(dest), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Load(Arm64ManagedRegister dest, Register base,
+                          int32_t offset, size_t size) {
+  if (dest.IsNoRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(0u, size) << dest;
+  } else if (dest.IsWRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(4u, size) << dest;
+    ___ Ldr(reg_w(dest.AsWRegister()), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+  } else if (dest.IsCoreRegister()) {
+    CHECK_EQ(8u, size) << dest;
+    CHECK_NE(dest.AsCoreRegister(), SP) << dest;
+    ___ Ldr(reg_x(dest.AsCoreRegister()), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+  } else if (dest.IsSRegister()) {
+    ___ Ldr(reg_s(dest.AsSRegister()), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+  } else {
+    CHECK(dest.IsDRegister()) << dest;
+    ___ Ldr(reg_d(dest.AsDRegister()), MEM_OP(reg_x(base), offset));
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Load(ManagedRegister m_dst, FrameOffset src, size_t size) {
+  return Load(m_dst.AsArm64(), SP, src.Int32Value(), size);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Load(ManagedRegister m_dst, ThreadOffset src, size_t size) {
+  return Load(m_dst.AsArm64(), TR, src.Int32Value(), size);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadRef(ManagedRegister m_dst, FrameOffset offs) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dst = m_dst.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(dst.IsCoreRegister()) << dst;
+  LoadFromOffset(dst.AsCoreRegister(), SP, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadRef(ManagedRegister m_dst, ManagedRegister m_base,
+                             MemberOffset offs) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dst = m_dst.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister base = m_base.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(dst.IsCoreRegister() && base.IsCoreRegister());
+  LoadFromOffset(dst.AsCoreRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(), offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadRawPtr(ManagedRegister m_dst, ManagedRegister m_base, Offset offs) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dst = m_dst.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister base = m_base.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(dst.IsCoreRegister() && base.IsCoreRegister());
+  LoadFromOffset(dst.AsCoreRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(), offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadRawPtrFromThread(ManagedRegister m_dst, ThreadOffset offs) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dst = m_dst.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(dst.IsCoreRegister()) << dst;
+  LoadFromOffset(dst.AsCoreRegister(), TR, offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+// Copying routines.
+void Arm64Assembler::Move(ManagedRegister m_dst, ManagedRegister m_src, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dst = m_dst.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister src = m_src.AsArm64();
+  if (!dst.Equals(src)) {
+    if (dst.IsCoreRegister()) {
+      CHECK(src.IsCoreRegister()) << src;
+      ___ Mov(reg_x(dst.AsCoreRegister()), reg_x(src.AsCoreRegister()));
+    } else if (dst.IsWRegister()) {
+      CHECK(src.IsWRegister()) << src;
+      ___ Mov(reg_w(dst.AsWRegister()), reg_w(src.AsWRegister()));
+    } else if (dst.IsSRegister()) {
+      CHECK(src.IsSRegister()) << src;
+      ___ Fmov(reg_s(dst.AsSRegister()), reg_s(src.AsSRegister()));
+    } else {
+      CHECK(dst.IsDRegister()) << dst;
+      CHECK(src.IsDRegister()) << src;
+      ___ Fmov(reg_d(dst.AsDRegister()), reg_d(src.AsDRegister()));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::CopyRawPtrFromThread(FrameOffset fr_offs,
+                                          ThreadOffset tr_offs,
+                                          ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), TR, tr_offs.Int32Value());
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, fr_offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::CopyRawPtrToThread(ThreadOffset tr_offs,
+                                        FrameOffset fr_offs,
+                                        ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, fr_offs.Int32Value());
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), TR, tr_offs.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::CopyRef(FrameOffset dest, FrameOffset src,
+                             ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, src.Int32Value());
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, dest.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(FrameOffset dest, FrameOffset src,
+                          ManagedRegister m_scratch, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister() || scratch.IsWRegister()) << scratch;
+  CHECK(size == 4 || size == 8) << size;
+  if (size == 4) {
+    LoadWFromOffset(kLoadWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), SP, src.Int32Value());
+    StoreWToOffset(kStoreWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), SP, dest.Int32Value());
+  } else if (size == 8) {
+    LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, src.Int32Value());
+    StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, dest.Int32Value());
+  } else {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "We only support Copy() of size 4 and 8";
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(FrameOffset dest, ManagedRegister src_base, Offset src_offset,
+                          ManagedRegister m_scratch, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister base = src_base.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(base.IsCoreRegister()) << base;
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister() || scratch.IsWRegister()) << scratch;
+  CHECK(size == 4 || size == 8) << size;
+  if (size == 4) {
+    LoadWFromOffset(kLoadWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(),
+                   src_offset.Int32Value());
+    StoreWToOffset(kStoreWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), SP, dest.Int32Value());
+  } else if (size == 8) {
+    LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(), src_offset.Int32Value());
+    StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, dest.Int32Value());
+  } else {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "We only support Copy() of size 4 and 8";
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(ManagedRegister m_dest_base, Offset dest_offs, FrameOffset src,
+                          ManagedRegister m_scratch, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister base = m_dest_base.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(base.IsCoreRegister()) << base;
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister() || scratch.IsWRegister()) << scratch;
+  CHECK(size == 4 || size == 8) << size;
+  if (size == 4) {
+    LoadWFromOffset(kLoadWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), SP, src.Int32Value());
+    StoreWToOffset(kStoreWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(),
+                   dest_offs.Int32Value());
+  } else if (size == 8) {
+    LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, src.Int32Value());
+    StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(), dest_offs.Int32Value());
+  } else {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "We only support Copy() of size 4 and 8";
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(FrameOffset /*dst*/, FrameOffset /*src_base*/, Offset /*src_offset*/,
+                          ManagedRegister /*mscratch*/, size_t /*size*/) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "Unimplemented Copy() variant";
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(ManagedRegister m_dest, Offset dest_offset,
+                          ManagedRegister m_src, Offset src_offset,
+                          ManagedRegister m_scratch, size_t size) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister src = m_src.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dest = m_dest.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(dest.IsCoreRegister()) << dest;
+  CHECK(src.IsCoreRegister()) << src;
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister() || scratch.IsWRegister()) << scratch;
+  CHECK(size == 4 || size == 8) << size;
+  if (size == 4) {
+    LoadWFromOffset(kLoadWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), src.AsCoreRegister(),
+                    src_offset.Int32Value());
+    StoreWToOffset(kStoreWord, scratch.AsWRegister(), dest.AsCoreRegister(),
+                   dest_offset.Int32Value());
+  } else if (size == 8) {
+    LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), src.AsCoreRegister(), src_offset.Int32Value());
+    StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), dest.AsCoreRegister(), dest_offset.Int32Value());
+  } else {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "We only support Copy() of size 4 and 8";
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Copy(FrameOffset /*dst*/, Offset /*dest_offset*/,
+                          FrameOffset /*src*/, Offset /*src_offset*/,
+                          ManagedRegister /*scratch*/, size_t /*size*/) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "Unimplemented Copy() variant";
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::MemoryBarrier(ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  // TODO: Should we check that m_scratch is IP? - see arm.
+#if ANDROID_SMP != 0
+  ___ Dmb(vixl::InnerShareable, vixl::BarrierAll);
+#endif
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::SignExtend(ManagedRegister /*mreg*/, size_t /*size*/) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "no sign extension necessary for Arm64";
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::ZeroExtend(ManagedRegister /*mreg*/, size_t /*size*/) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "no zero extension necessary for Arm64";
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::VerifyObject(ManagedRegister /*src*/, bool /*could_be_null*/) {
+  // TODO: not validating references.
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::VerifyObject(FrameOffset /*src*/, bool /*could_be_null*/) {
+  // TODO: not validating references.
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Call(ManagedRegister m_base, Offset offs, ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister base = m_base.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(base.IsCoreRegister()) << base;
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), base.AsCoreRegister(), offs.Int32Value());
+  ___ Blr(reg_x(scratch.AsCoreRegister()));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Call(FrameOffset base, Offset offs, ManagedRegister m_scratch) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  // Call *(*(SP + base) + offset)
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, base.Int32Value());
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), scratch.AsCoreRegister(), offs.Int32Value());
+  ___ Blr(reg_x(scratch.AsCoreRegister()));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::Call(ThreadOffset /*offset*/, ManagedRegister /*scratch*/) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << "Unimplemented Call() variant";
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::CreateSirtEntry(ManagedRegister m_out_reg, FrameOffset sirt_offs,
+                                     ManagedRegister m_in_reg, bool null_allowed) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister out_reg = m_out_reg.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister in_reg = m_in_reg.AsArm64();
+  // For now we only hold stale sirt entries in x registers.
+  CHECK(in_reg.IsNoRegister() || in_reg.IsCoreRegister()) << in_reg;
+  CHECK(out_reg.IsCoreRegister()) << out_reg;
+  if (null_allowed) {
+    // Null values get a SIRT entry value of 0.  Otherwise, the SIRT entry is
+    // the address in the SIRT holding the reference.
+    // e.g. out_reg = (handle == 0) ? 0 : (SP+handle_offset)
+    if (in_reg.IsNoRegister()) {
+      LoadFromOffset(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offs.Int32Value());
+      in_reg = out_reg;
+    }
+    ___ Cmp(reg_x(in_reg.AsCoreRegister()), 0);
+    if (!out_reg.Equals(in_reg)) {
+      LoadImmediate(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), 0, EQ);
+    }
+    AddConstant(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offs.Int32Value(), NE);
+  } else {
+    AddConstant(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offs.Int32Value(), AL);
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::CreateSirtEntry(FrameOffset out_off, FrameOffset sirt_offset,
+                                     ManagedRegister m_scratch, bool null_allowed) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(scratch.IsCoreRegister()) << scratch;
+  if (null_allowed) {
+    LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offset.Int32Value());
+    // Null values get a SIRT entry value of 0.  Otherwise, the sirt entry is
+    // the address in the SIRT holding the reference.
+    // e.g. scratch = (scratch == 0) ? 0 : (SP+sirt_offset)
+    ___ Cmp(reg_x(scratch.AsCoreRegister()), 0);
+    // Move this logic in add constants with flags.
+    AddConstant(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offset.Int32Value(), NE);
+  } else {
+    AddConstant(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, sirt_offset.Int32Value(), AL);
+  }
+  StoreToOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), SP, out_off.Int32Value());
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::LoadReferenceFromSirt(ManagedRegister m_out_reg,
+                                           ManagedRegister m_in_reg) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister out_reg = m_out_reg.AsArm64();
+  Arm64ManagedRegister in_reg = m_in_reg.AsArm64();
+  CHECK(out_reg.IsCoreRegister()) << out_reg;
+  CHECK(in_reg.IsCoreRegister()) << in_reg;
+  vixl::Label exit;
+  if (!out_reg.Equals(in_reg)) {
+    // FIXME: Who sets the flags here?
+    LoadImmediate(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), 0, EQ);
+  }
+  ___ Cmp(reg_x(in_reg.AsCoreRegister()), 0);
+  ___ B(&exit, COND_OP(EQ));
+  LoadFromOffset(out_reg.AsCoreRegister(), in_reg.AsCoreRegister(), 0);
+  ___ Bind(&exit);
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::ExceptionPoll(ManagedRegister m_scratch, size_t stack_adjust) {
+  CHECK_ALIGNED(stack_adjust, kStackAlignment);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister scratch = m_scratch.AsArm64();
+  Arm64Exception *current_exception = new Arm64Exception(scratch, stack_adjust);
+  exception_blocks_.push_back(current_exception);
+  LoadFromOffset(scratch.AsCoreRegister(), TR, Thread::ExceptionOffset().Int32Value());
+  ___ Cmp(reg_x(scratch.AsCoreRegister()), 0);
+  ___ B(current_exception->Entry(), COND_OP(NE));
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::EmitExceptionPoll(Arm64Exception *exception) {
+    // Bind exception poll entry.
+  ___ Bind(exception->Entry());
+  if (exception->stack_adjust_ != 0) {  // Fix up the frame.
+    DecreaseFrameSize(exception->stack_adjust_);
+  }
+  // Pass exception object as argument.
+  // Don't care about preserving X0 as this won't return.
+  ___ Mov(reg_x(X0), reg_x(exception->scratch_.AsCoreRegister()));
+  LoadFromOffset(IP1, TR, QUICK_ENTRYPOINT_OFFSET(pDeliverException).Int32Value());
+  ___ Blr(reg_x(IP1));
+  // Call should never return.
+  ___ Brk();
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::BuildFrame(size_t frame_size, ManagedRegister method_reg,
+                        const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& callee_save_regs,
+                        const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& entry_spills) {
+  CHECK_ALIGNED(frame_size, kStackAlignment);
+  CHECK(X0 == method_reg.AsArm64().AsCoreRegister());
+
+  // TODO: *create APCS FP - end of FP chain;
+  //       *add support for saving a different set of callee regs.
+  // For now we check that the size of callee regs vector is 20
+  // equivalent to the APCS callee saved regs [X19, x30] [D8, D15].
+  CHECK_EQ(callee_save_regs.size(), kCalleeSavedRegsSize);
+  ___ PushCalleeSavedRegisters();
+
+  // Increate frame to required size - must be at least space to push Method*.
+  CHECK_GT(frame_size, kCalleeSavedRegsSize * kPointerSize);
+  size_t adjust = frame_size - (kCalleeSavedRegsSize * kPointerSize);
+  IncreaseFrameSize(adjust);
+
+  // Write Method*.
+  StoreToOffset(X0, SP, 0);
+
+  // Write out entry spills, treated as X regs.
+  // TODO: we can implement a %2 STRP variant of StoreToOffset.
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < entry_spills.size(); ++i) {
+    Register reg = entry_spills.at(i).AsArm64().AsCoreRegister();
+    StoreToOffset(reg, SP, frame_size + kPointerSize + (i * kPointerSize));
+  }
+}
+
+void Arm64Assembler::RemoveFrame(size_t frame_size, const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& callee_save_regs) {
+  CHECK_ALIGNED(frame_size, kStackAlignment);
+
+  // For now we only check that the size of the frame is greater than the
+  // no of APCS callee saved regs [X19, X30] [D8, D15].
+  CHECK_EQ(callee_save_regs.size(), kCalleeSavedRegsSize);
+  CHECK_GT(frame_size, kCalleeSavedRegsSize * kPointerSize);
+
+  // Decrease frame size to start of callee saved regs.
+  size_t adjust = frame_size - (kCalleeSavedRegsSize * kPointerSize);
+  DecreaseFrameSize(adjust);
+
+  // Pop callee saved and return to LR.
+  ___ PopCalleeSavedRegisters();
+  ___ Ret();
+}
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.h b/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70df252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/assembler_arm64.h
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_ASSEMBLER_ARM64_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_ASSEMBLER_ARM64_H_
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "constants_arm64.h"
+#include "utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.h"
+#include "utils/assembler.h"
+#include "offsets.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "UniquePtr.h"
+#include "a64/macro-assembler-a64.h"
+#include "a64/disasm-a64.h"
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+#define MEM_OP(x...)      vixl::MemOperand(x)
+#define COND_OP(x)        static_cast<vixl::Condition>(x)
+
+enum Condition {
+  kNoCondition = -1,
+  EQ = 0,
+  NE = 1,
+  HS = 2,
+  LO = 3,
+  MI = 4,
+  PL = 5,
+  VS = 6,
+  VC = 7,
+  HI = 8,
+  LS = 9,
+  GE = 10,
+  LT = 11,
+  GT = 12,
+  LE = 13,
+  AL = 14,    // Always.
+  NV = 15,    // Behaves as always/al.
+  kMaxCondition = 16,
+};
+
+enum LoadOperandType {
+  kLoadSignedByte,
+  kLoadUnsignedByte,
+  kLoadSignedHalfword,
+  kLoadUnsignedHalfword,
+  kLoadWord,
+  kLoadCoreWord,
+  kLoadSWord,
+  kLoadDWord
+};
+
+enum StoreOperandType {
+  kStoreByte,
+  kStoreHalfword,
+  kStoreWord,
+  kStoreCoreWord,
+  kStoreSWord,
+  kStoreDWord
+};
+
+class Arm64Exception;
+
+class Arm64Assembler : public Assembler {
+ public:
+  Arm64Assembler() : vixl_buf_(new byte[BUF_SIZE]),
+  vixl_masm_(new vixl::MacroAssembler(vixl_buf_, BUF_SIZE)) {}
+
+  virtual ~Arm64Assembler() {
+    if (kIsDebugBuild) {
+      vixl::Decoder *decoder = new vixl::Decoder();
+      vixl::PrintDisassembler *test = new vixl::PrintDisassembler(stdout);
+      decoder->AppendVisitor(test);
+
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < CodeSize() / vixl::kInstructionSize; ++i) {
+        vixl::Instruction *instr =
+          reinterpret_cast<vixl::Instruction*>(vixl_buf_ + i * vixl::kInstructionSize);
+        decoder->Decode(instr);
+      }
+    }
+    delete[] vixl_buf_;
+  }
+
+  // Emit slow paths queued during assembly.
+  void EmitSlowPaths();
+
+  // Size of generated code.
+  size_t CodeSize() const;
+
+  // Copy instructions out of assembly buffer into the given region of memory.
+  void FinalizeInstructions(const MemoryRegion& region);
+
+  // Emit code that will create an activation on the stack.
+  void BuildFrame(size_t frame_size, ManagedRegister method_reg,
+                  const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& callee_save_regs,
+                  const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& entry_spills);
+
+  // Emit code that will remove an activation from the stack.
+  void RemoveFrame(size_t frame_size,
+                   const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& callee_save_regs);
+
+  void IncreaseFrameSize(size_t adjust);
+  void DecreaseFrameSize(size_t adjust);
+
+  // Store routines.
+  void Store(FrameOffset offs, ManagedRegister src, size_t size);
+  void StoreRef(FrameOffset dest, ManagedRegister src);
+  void StoreRawPtr(FrameOffset dest, ManagedRegister src);
+  void StoreImmediateToFrame(FrameOffset dest, uint32_t imm,
+                                     ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void StoreImmediateToThread(ThreadOffset dest, uint32_t imm,
+                                      ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void StoreStackOffsetToThread(ThreadOffset thr_offs,
+                                        FrameOffset fr_offs,
+                                        ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void StoreStackPointerToThread(ThreadOffset thr_offs);
+  void StoreSpanning(FrameOffset dest, ManagedRegister src,
+                             FrameOffset in_off, ManagedRegister scratch);
+
+  // Load routines.
+  void Load(ManagedRegister dest, FrameOffset src, size_t size);
+  void Load(ManagedRegister dest, ThreadOffset src, size_t size);
+  void LoadRef(ManagedRegister dest, FrameOffset  src);
+  void LoadRef(ManagedRegister dest, ManagedRegister base,
+               MemberOffset offs);
+  void LoadRawPtr(ManagedRegister dest, ManagedRegister base,
+                  Offset offs);
+  void LoadRawPtrFromThread(ManagedRegister dest,
+                            ThreadOffset offs);
+  // Copying routines.
+  void Move(ManagedRegister dest, ManagedRegister src, size_t size);
+  void CopyRawPtrFromThread(FrameOffset fr_offs, ThreadOffset thr_offs,
+                            ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void CopyRawPtrToThread(ThreadOffset thr_offs, FrameOffset fr_offs,
+                          ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void CopyRef(FrameOffset dest, FrameOffset src,
+               ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void Copy(FrameOffset dest, FrameOffset src, ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void Copy(FrameOffset dest, ManagedRegister src_base, Offset src_offset,
+            ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void Copy(ManagedRegister dest_base, Offset dest_offset, FrameOffset src,
+            ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void Copy(FrameOffset dest, FrameOffset src_base, Offset src_offset,
+            ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void Copy(ManagedRegister dest, Offset dest_offset,
+            ManagedRegister src, Offset src_offset,
+            ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void Copy(FrameOffset dest, Offset dest_offset, FrameOffset src, Offset src_offset,
+            ManagedRegister scratch, size_t size);
+  void MemoryBarrier(ManagedRegister scratch);
+
+  // Sign extension.
+  void SignExtend(ManagedRegister mreg, size_t size);
+
+  // Zero extension.
+  void ZeroExtend(ManagedRegister mreg, size_t size);
+
+  // Exploit fast access in managed code to Thread::Current().
+  void GetCurrentThread(ManagedRegister tr);
+  void GetCurrentThread(FrameOffset dest_offset,
+                        ManagedRegister scratch);
+
+  // Set up out_reg to hold a Object** into the SIRT, or to be NULL if the
+  // value is null and null_allowed. in_reg holds a possibly stale reference
+  // that can be used to avoid loading the SIRT entry to see if the value is
+  // NULL.
+  void CreateSirtEntry(ManagedRegister out_reg, FrameOffset sirt_offset,
+                       ManagedRegister in_reg, bool null_allowed);
+
+  // Set up out_off to hold a Object** into the SIRT, or to be NULL if the
+  // value is null and null_allowed.
+  void CreateSirtEntry(FrameOffset out_off, FrameOffset sirt_offset,
+                       ManagedRegister scratch, bool null_allowed);
+
+  // src holds a SIRT entry (Object**) load this into dst.
+  void LoadReferenceFromSirt(ManagedRegister dst,
+                             ManagedRegister src);
+
+  // Heap::VerifyObject on src. In some cases (such as a reference to this) we
+  // know that src may not be null.
+  void VerifyObject(ManagedRegister src, bool could_be_null);
+  void VerifyObject(FrameOffset src, bool could_be_null);
+
+  // Call to address held at [base+offset].
+  void Call(ManagedRegister base, Offset offset, ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void Call(FrameOffset base, Offset offset, ManagedRegister scratch);
+  void Call(ThreadOffset offset, ManagedRegister scratch);
+
+  // Generate code to check if Thread::Current()->exception_ is non-null
+  // and branch to a ExceptionSlowPath if it is.
+  void ExceptionPoll(ManagedRegister scratch, size_t stack_adjust);
+
+ private:
+  static vixl::Register reg_x(int code) {
+    CHECK(code < kNumberOfCoreRegisters) << code;
+    if (code == SP) {
+      return vixl::sp;
+    }
+    return vixl::Register::XRegFromCode(code);
+  }
+
+  static vixl::Register reg_w(int code) {
+    return vixl::Register::WRegFromCode(code);
+  }
+
+  static vixl::FPRegister reg_d(int code) {
+    return vixl::FPRegister::DRegFromCode(code);
+  }
+
+  static vixl::FPRegister reg_s(int code) {
+    return vixl::FPRegister::SRegFromCode(code);
+  }
+
+  // Emits Exception block.
+  void EmitExceptionPoll(Arm64Exception *exception);
+
+  void StoreWToOffset(StoreOperandType type, WRegister source,
+                      Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void StoreToOffset(Register source, Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void StoreSToOffset(SRegister source, Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void StoreDToOffset(DRegister source, Register base, int32_t offset);
+
+  void LoadImmediate(Register dest, int32_t value, Condition cond = AL);
+  void Load(Arm64ManagedRegister dst, Register src, int32_t src_offset, size_t size);
+  void LoadWFromOffset(LoadOperandType type, WRegister dest,
+                      Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void LoadFromOffset(Register dest, Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void LoadSFromOffset(SRegister dest, Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void LoadDFromOffset(DRegister dest, Register base, int32_t offset);
+  void AddConstant(Register rd, int32_t value, Condition cond = AL);
+  void AddConstant(Register rd, Register rn, int32_t value, Condition cond = AL);
+
+  // Vixl buffer size.
+  static constexpr size_t BUF_SIZE = 4096;
+
+  // Vixl buffer.
+  byte* vixl_buf_;
+
+  // Unique ptr - vixl assembler.
+  UniquePtr<vixl::MacroAssembler> vixl_masm_;
+
+  // List of exception blocks to generate at the end of the code cache.
+  std::vector<Arm64Exception*> exception_blocks_;
+};
+
+class Arm64Exception {
+ private:
+  explicit Arm64Exception(Arm64ManagedRegister scratch, size_t stack_adjust)
+      : scratch_(scratch), stack_adjust_(stack_adjust) {
+    }
+
+  vixl::Label* Entry() { return &exception_entry_; }
+
+  // Register used for passing Thread::Current()->exception_ .
+  const Arm64ManagedRegister scratch_;
+
+  // Stack adjust for ExceptionPool.
+  const size_t stack_adjust_;
+
+  vixl::Label exception_entry_;
+
+  friend class Arm64Assembler;
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Arm64Exception);
+};
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_ASSEMBLER_ARM64_H_
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/constants_arm64.h b/compiler/utils/arm64/constants_arm64.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c05c2f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/constants_arm64.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_CONSTANTS_ARM64_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_CONSTANTS_ARM64_H_
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <iosfwd>
+#include "arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h"
+#include "base/casts.h"
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "globals.h"
+
+// TODO: Extend this file by adding missing functionality.
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+  constexpr unsigned int kCalleeSavedRegsSize = 20;
+
+}  // arm64
+}  // art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_CONSTANTS_ARM64_H_
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.cc b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc0b509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "managed_register_arm64.h"
+#include "globals.h"
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+// TODO: Define convention
+//
+// Do not use APCS callee saved regs for now. Use:
+//  * [X0, X15]
+//  * [W0, W15]
+//  * [D0, D31]
+//  * [S0, S31]
+static const int kNumberOfAvailableCoreRegisters = (X15 - X0) + 1;
+static const int kNumberOfAvailableWRegisters = (W15 - W0) + 1;
+static const int kNumberOfAvailableDRegisters = kNumberOfDRegisters;
+static const int kNumberOfAvailableSRegisters = kNumberOfSRegisters;
+
+// Returns true if this managed-register overlaps the other managed-register.
+// GP Register Bank:
+//       31____0 W[n]
+// 63__________0 X[n]
+//
+// FP Register Bank:
+//       31____0 S[n]
+// 63__________0 D[n]
+bool Arm64ManagedRegister::Overlaps(const Arm64ManagedRegister& other) const {
+  if (IsNoRegister() || other.IsNoRegister()) return false;
+  if ((IsGPRegister() && other.IsGPRegister()) ||
+      (IsFPRegister() && other.IsFPRegister())) {
+    return (RegNo() == other.RegNo());
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+int Arm64ManagedRegister::RegNo() const {
+  CHECK(!IsNoRegister());
+  int no;
+  if (IsCoreRegister()) {
+    if (IsStackPointer()) {
+      no = static_cast<int>(X31);
+    } else {
+      no = static_cast<int>(AsCoreRegister());
+    }
+  } else if (IsWRegister()) {
+    no = static_cast<int>(AsWRegister());
+  } else if (IsDRegister()) {
+    no = static_cast<int>(AsDRegister());
+  } else if (IsSRegister()) {
+    no = static_cast<int>(AsSRegister());
+  } else {
+    no = kNoRegister;
+  }
+  return no;
+}
+
+int Arm64ManagedRegister::RegIdLow() const {
+  CHECK(IsCoreRegister() || IsDRegister());
+  int low = RegNo();
+  if (IsCoreRegister()) {
+    low += kNumberOfCoreRegIds;
+  } else if (IsDRegister()) {
+    low += kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds + kNumberOfDRegIds;
+  }
+  return low;
+}
+
+// FIXME: Find better naming.
+int Arm64ManagedRegister::RegIdHigh() const {
+  CHECK(IsWRegister() || IsSRegister());
+  int high = RegNo();
+  if (IsSRegister()) {
+    high += kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds;
+  }
+  return high;
+}
+
+void Arm64ManagedRegister::Print(std::ostream& os) const {
+  if (!IsValidManagedRegister()) {
+    os << "No Register";
+  } else if (IsCoreRegister()) {
+    os << "XCore: " << static_cast<int>(AsCoreRegister());
+  } else if (IsWRegister()) {
+    os << "WCore: " << static_cast<int>(AsWRegister());
+  } else if (IsDRegister()) {
+    os << "DRegister: " << static_cast<int>(AsDRegister());
+  } else if (IsSRegister()) {
+    os << "SRegister: " << static_cast<int>(AsSRegister());
+  } else {
+    os << "??: " << RegId();
+  }
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Arm64ManagedRegister& reg) {
+  reg.Print(os);
+  return os;
+}
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.h b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5df37cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64.h
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_MANAGED_REGISTER_ARM64_H_
+#define ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_MANAGED_REGISTER_ARM64_H_
+
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "constants_arm64.h"
+#include "utils/managed_register.h"
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+const int kNumberOfCoreRegIds = kNumberOfCoreRegisters;
+const int kNumberOfWRegIds = kNumberOfWRegisters;
+const int kNumberOfDRegIds = kNumberOfDRegisters;
+const int kNumberOfSRegIds = kNumberOfSRegisters;
+
+const int kNumberOfRegIds = kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds +
+  kNumberOfDRegIds + kNumberOfSRegIds;
+
+// Register ids map:
+//  [0..X[  core registers 64bit (enum Register)
+//  [X..W[  core registers 32bit (enum WRegister)
+//  [W..D[  double precision VFP registers (enum DRegister)
+//  [D..S[  single precision VFP registers (enum SRegister)
+//
+// where:
+//  X = kNumberOfCoreRegIds
+//  W = X + kNumberOfWRegIds
+//  D = W + kNumberOfDRegIds
+//  S = D + kNumberOfSRegIds
+//
+// An instance of class 'ManagedRegister' represents a single Arm64
+// register. A register can be one of the following:
+//  * core register 64bit context (enum Register)
+//  * core register 32bit context (enum WRegister)
+//  * VFP double precision register (enum DRegister)
+//  * VFP single precision register (enum SRegister)
+//
+// There is a one to one mapping between ManagedRegister and register id.
+
+class Arm64ManagedRegister : public ManagedRegister {
+ public:
+  Register AsCoreRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsCoreRegister());
+    return static_cast<Register>(id_);
+  }
+
+  WRegister AsWRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsWRegister());
+    return static_cast<WRegister>(id_ - kNumberOfCoreRegIds);
+  }
+
+  DRegister AsDRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsDRegister());
+    return static_cast<DRegister>(id_ - kNumberOfCoreRegIds - kNumberOfWRegIds);
+  }
+
+  SRegister AsSRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsSRegister());
+    return static_cast<SRegister>(id_ - kNumberOfCoreRegIds - kNumberOfWRegIds -
+                                  kNumberOfDRegIds);
+  }
+
+  WRegister AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    if (IsStackPointer()) return W31;
+    return static_cast<WRegister>(AsCoreRegister());
+  }
+
+  // FIXME: Find better naming.
+  Register AsOverlappingWRegisterCore() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return static_cast<Register>(AsWRegister());
+  }
+
+  SRegister AsOverlappingDRegisterLow() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return static_cast<SRegister>(AsDRegister());
+  }
+
+  // FIXME: Find better naming.
+  DRegister AsOverlappingSRegisterD() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return static_cast<DRegister>(AsSRegister());
+  }
+
+  bool IsCoreRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return (0 <= id_) && (id_ < kNumberOfCoreRegIds);
+  }
+
+  bool IsWRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    const int test = id_ - kNumberOfCoreRegIds;
+    return (0 <= test) && (test < kNumberOfWRegIds);
+  }
+
+  bool IsDRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    const int test = id_ - (kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds);
+    return (0 <= test) && (test < kNumberOfDRegIds);
+  }
+
+  bool IsSRegister() const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister());
+    const int test = id_ - (kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds +
+                            kNumberOfDRegIds);
+    return (0 <= test) && (test < kNumberOfSRegIds);
+  }
+
+  bool IsGPRegister() const {
+    return IsCoreRegister() || IsWRegister();
+  }
+
+  bool IsFPRegister() const {
+    return IsDRegister() || IsSRegister();
+  }
+
+  bool IsSameType(Arm64ManagedRegister test) const {
+    CHECK(IsValidManagedRegister() && test.IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return
+      (IsCoreRegister() && test.IsCoreRegister()) ||
+      (IsWRegister() && test.IsWRegister()) ||
+      (IsDRegister() && test.IsDRegister()) ||
+      (IsSRegister() && test.IsSRegister());
+  }
+
+  // Returns true if the two managed-registers ('this' and 'other') overlap.
+  // Either managed-register may be the NoRegister. If both are the NoRegister
+  // then false is returned.
+  bool Overlaps(const Arm64ManagedRegister& other) const;
+
+  void Print(std::ostream& os) const;
+
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromCoreRegister(Register r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r);
+  }
+
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromWRegister(WRegister r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoWRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r + kNumberOfCoreRegIds);
+  }
+
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromDRegister(DRegister r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoDRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r + (kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds));
+  }
+
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromSRegister(SRegister r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoSRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r + (kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds +
+                          kNumberOfDRegIds));
+  }
+
+  // Returns the X register overlapping W register r.
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromWRegisterCore(WRegister r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoWRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r);
+  }
+
+  // Return the D register overlapping S register r.
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromSRegisterD(SRegister r) {
+    CHECK_NE(r, kNoSRegister);
+    return FromRegId(r + (kNumberOfCoreRegIds + kNumberOfWRegIds));
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool IsValidManagedRegister() const {
+    return (0 <= id_) && (id_ < kNumberOfRegIds);
+  }
+
+  bool IsStackPointer() const {
+    return IsCoreRegister() && (id_ == SP);
+  }
+
+  int RegId() const {
+    CHECK(!IsNoRegister());
+    return id_;
+  }
+
+  int RegNo() const;
+  int RegIdLow() const;
+  int RegIdHigh() const;
+
+  friend class ManagedRegister;
+
+  explicit Arm64ManagedRegister(int reg_id) : ManagedRegister(reg_id) {}
+
+  static Arm64ManagedRegister FromRegId(int reg_id) {
+    Arm64ManagedRegister reg(reg_id);
+    CHECK(reg.IsValidManagedRegister());
+    return reg;
+  }
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Arm64ManagedRegister& reg);
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+
+inline arm64::Arm64ManagedRegister ManagedRegister::AsArm64() const {
+  arm64::Arm64ManagedRegister reg(id_);
+  CHECK(reg.IsNoRegister() || reg.IsValidManagedRegister());
+  return reg;
+}
+
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_COMPILER_UTILS_ARM64_MANAGED_REGISTER_ARM64_H_
diff --git a/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64_test.cc b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d98e12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/utils/arm64/managed_register_arm64_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,611 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "globals.h"
+#include "managed_register_arm64.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, NoRegister) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = ManagedRegister::NoRegister().AsArm64();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(reg));
+}
+
+// X Register test.
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, CoreRegister) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X0, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X1, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X7);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W7);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X7, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W15);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X15, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X19);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W19);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X19, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X16);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W16);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(IP0, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP);
+  wreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(wreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(SP, reg.AsCoreRegister());
+}
+
+// W register test.
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, WRegister) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W0, reg.AsWRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W5);
+  xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W5, reg.AsWRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W6);
+  xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X6);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W6, reg.AsWRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W18);
+  xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X18);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W18, reg.AsWRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W29);
+  xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(FP);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W29, reg.AsWRegister());
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR);
+  xreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(xreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W31, reg.AsWRegister());
+}
+
+// D Register test.
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, DRegister) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister sreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(sreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(D0, reg.AsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(S0, reg.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1);
+  sreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(sreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(D1, reg.AsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(S1, reg.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D20);
+  sreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S20);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(sreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(D20, reg.AsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(S20, reg.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D20)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D31);
+  sreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(sreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(D31, reg.AsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(S31, reg.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D31)));
+}
+
+// S Register test.
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, SRegister) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister dreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(dreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S0, reg.AsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D0, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S5);
+  dreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(dreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S5, reg.AsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D5, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S5)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S7);
+  dreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(dreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S7, reg.AsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D7, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S7)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31);
+  dreg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D31);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsNoRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsCoreRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsWRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.IsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.IsDRegister());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(dreg));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S31, reg.AsSRegister());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D31, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+}
+
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, Equals) {
+  ManagedRegister no_reg = ManagedRegister::NoRegister();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!no_reg.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_X0 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_X1 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_X31 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(XZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_X31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_SP = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  // We expect these to pass - SP has a different semantic than X31/XZR.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(XZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_SP.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_W8 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W8);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X8)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W8)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W8.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_W12 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X8)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_W12.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_S0 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_S1 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S1.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_S31 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_S31.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_D0 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D0.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_D15 = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::NoRegister()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg_D15.Equals(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+}
+
+TEST(Arm64ManagedRegister, Overlaps) {
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0);
+  Arm64ManagedRegister reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X0, reg_o.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_EQ(W0, reg.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X10);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W10);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X10)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W10)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X10, reg_o.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_EQ(W10, reg.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(IP1);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W17);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X17, reg_o.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_EQ(W17, reg.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(XZR);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W19)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X31, reg_o.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_EQ(W31, reg.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(SP);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(X31, reg_o.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_EQ(W31, reg.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W1, reg_o.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_EQ(X1, reg.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W21);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X21);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W21)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X21)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(W21, reg_o.AsOverlappingCoreRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_EQ(X21, reg.AsOverlappingWRegisterCore());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S1, reg_o.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D1, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S30)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D7)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S15, reg_o.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D15, reg.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S16)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D16)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D20)));
+
+  reg = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15);
+  reg_o = Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromCoreRegister(X15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(WZR)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W1)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W12)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromWRegister(W31)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(S15, reg.AsOverlappingDRegisterLow());
+  EXPECT_EQ(D15, reg_o.AsOverlappingSRegisterD());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S0)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S16)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromSRegister(S31)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D16)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D15)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D2)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D17)));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!reg.Overlaps(Arm64ManagedRegister::FromDRegister(D20)));
+}
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/utils/assembler.cc b/compiler/utils/assembler.cc
index 92ce0b8..6732476 100644
--- a/compiler/utils/assembler.cc
+++ b/compiler/utils/assembler.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "arm/assembler_arm.h"
+#include "arm64/assembler_arm64.h"
 #include "mips/assembler_mips.h"
 #include "x86/assembler_x86.h"
 #include "globals.h"
@@ -106,6 +107,8 @@
     case kArm:
     case kThumb2:
       return new arm::ArmAssembler();
+    case kArm64:
+      return new arm64::Arm64Assembler();
     case kMips:
       return new mips::MipsAssembler();
     case kX86:
diff --git a/compiler/utils/assembler.h b/compiler/utils/assembler.h
index 296254d..f02c20f 100644
--- a/compiler/utils/assembler.h
+++ b/compiler/utils/assembler.h
@@ -316,16 +316,19 @@
   static Assembler* Create(InstructionSet instruction_set);
 
   // Emit slow paths queued during assembly
-  void EmitSlowPaths() { buffer_.EmitSlowPaths(this); }
+  virtual void EmitSlowPaths() { buffer_.EmitSlowPaths(this); }
 
   // Size of generated code
-  size_t CodeSize() const { return buffer_.Size(); }
+  virtual size_t CodeSize() const { return buffer_.Size(); }
 
   // Copy instructions out of assembly buffer into the given region of memory
-  void FinalizeInstructions(const MemoryRegion& region) {
+  virtual void FinalizeInstructions(const MemoryRegion& region) {
     buffer_.FinalizeInstructions(region);
   }
 
+  // TODO: Implement with disassembler.
+  virtual void Comment(const char* format, ...) { }
+
   // Emit code that will create an activation on the stack
   virtual void BuildFrame(size_t frame_size, ManagedRegister method_reg,
                           const std::vector<ManagedRegister>& callee_save_regs,
diff --git a/compiler/utils/managed_register.h b/compiler/utils/managed_register.h
index 4ad1763..04c9723 100644
--- a/compiler/utils/managed_register.h
+++ b/compiler/utils/managed_register.h
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
 namespace arm {
 class ArmManagedRegister;
 }
+namespace arm64 {
+class Arm64ManagedRegister;
+}
 namespace mips {
 class MipsManagedRegister;
 }
@@ -42,6 +45,7 @@
   }
 
   arm::ArmManagedRegister AsArm() const;
+  arm64::Arm64ManagedRegister AsArm64() const;
   mips::MipsManagedRegister AsMips() const;
   x86::X86ManagedRegister AsX86() const;
 
diff --git a/runtime/Android.mk b/runtime/Android.mk
index fd9dc4c..bb1bc99 100644
--- a/runtime/Android.mk
+++ b/runtime/Android.mk
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@
 LIBART_COMMON_SRC_FILES += \
 	arch/context.cc \
 	arch/arm/registers_arm.cc \
+	arch/arm64/registers_arm64.cc \
 	arch/x86/registers_x86.cc \
 	arch/mips/registers_mips.cc \
 	entrypoints/entrypoint_utils.cc \
diff --git a/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.cc b/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5bb06b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "registers_arm64.h"
+
+#include <ostream>
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+static const char* kRegisterNames[] = {
+  "x0", "x1", "x2", "x3", "x4", "x5", "x6", "x7", "x8", "x9",
+  "x10", "x11", "x12", "x13", "x14", "x15", "ip0", "ip1", "x18", "x19",
+  "x20", "x21", "x22", "x23", "x24", "x25", "x26", "x27", "x28", "fp",
+  "lr", "xzr", "sp"
+};
+
+static const char* kWRegisterNames[] = {
+  "w0", "w1", "w2", "w3", "w4", "w5", "w6", "w7", "w8", "w9",
+  "w10", "w11", "w12", "w13", "w14", "w15", "w16", "w17", "w18", "w19",
+  "w20", "w21", "w22", "w23", "w24", "w25", "w26", "w27", "w28", "w29",
+  "w30", "wzr"
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Register& rhs) {
+  if (rhs >= X0 && rhs <= SP) {
+    os << kRegisterNames[rhs];
+  } else {
+    os << "XRegister[" << static_cast<int>(rhs) << "]";
+  }
+  return os;
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const WRegister& rhs) {
+  if (rhs >= W0 && rhs <= WZR) {
+    os << kWRegisterNames[rhs];
+  } else {
+    os << "WRegister[" << static_cast<int>(rhs) << "]";
+  }
+  return os;
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const DRegister& rhs) {
+  if (rhs >= D0 && rhs < kNumberOfDRegisters) {
+    os << "d" << static_cast<int>(rhs);
+  } else {
+    os << "DRegister[" << static_cast<int>(rhs) << "]";
+  }
+  return os;
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const SRegister& rhs) {
+  if (rhs >= S0 && rhs < kNumberOfSRegisters) {
+    os << "s" << static_cast<int>(rhs);
+  } else {
+    os << "SRegister[" << static_cast<int>(rhs) << "]";
+  }
+  return os;
+}
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
diff --git a/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h b/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9460e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_RUNTIME_ARCH_ARM64_REGISTERS_ARM64_H_
+#define ART_RUNTIME_ARCH_ARM64_REGISTERS_ARM64_H_
+
+#include <iosfwd>
+
+namespace art {
+namespace arm64 {
+
+// Values for GP XRegisters - 64bit registers.
+enum Register {
+  X0  =  0,
+  X1  =  1,
+  X2  =  2,
+  X3  =  3,
+  X4  =  4,
+  X5  =  5,
+  X6  =  6,
+  X7  =  7,
+  X8  =  8,
+  X9  =  9,
+  X10 = 10,
+  X11 = 11,
+  X12 = 12,
+  X13 = 13,
+  X14 = 14,
+  X15 = 15,
+  X16 = 16,
+  X17 = 17,
+  X18 = 18,
+  X19 = 19,
+  X20 = 20,
+  X21 = 21,
+  X22 = 22,
+  X23 = 23,
+  X24 = 24,
+  X25 = 25,
+  X26 = 26,
+  X27 = 27,
+  X28 = 28,
+  X29 = 29,
+  X30 = 30,
+  X31 = 31,
+  TR  = 18,     // ART Thread Register.
+  IP0 = 16,     // Used as scratch by VIXL.
+  IP1 = 17,     // Used as scratch by ART JNI Assembler.
+  FP  = 29,
+  LR  = 30,
+  XZR = 31,
+  SP  = 32,     // SP is X31 and overlaps with XRZ but we encode it as a
+                // special register, due to the different instruction semantics.
+  kNumberOfCoreRegisters = 33,
+  kNoRegister = -1,
+};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Register& rhs);
+
+// Values for GP WRegisters - 32bit registers.
+enum WRegister {
+  W0  =  0,
+  W1  =  1,
+  W2  =  2,
+  W3  =  3,
+  W4  =  4,
+  W5  =  5,
+  W6  =  6,
+  W7  =  7,
+  W8  =  8,
+  W9  =  9,
+  W10 = 10,
+  W11 = 11,
+  W12 = 12,
+  W13 = 13,
+  W14 = 14,
+  W15 = 15,
+  W16 = 16,
+  W17 = 17,
+  W18 = 18,
+  W19 = 19,
+  W20 = 20,
+  W21 = 21,
+  W22 = 22,
+  W23 = 23,
+  W24 = 24,
+  W25 = 25,
+  W26 = 26,
+  W27 = 27,
+  W28 = 28,
+  W29 = 29,
+  W30 = 30,
+  W31 = 31,
+  WZR = 31,
+  kNumberOfWRegisters = 32,
+  kNoWRegister = -1,
+};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const WRegister& rhs);
+
+// Values for FP DRegisters - double precision floating point.
+enum DRegister {
+  D0  =  0,
+  D1  =  1,
+  D2  =  2,
+  D3  =  3,
+  D4  =  4,
+  D5  =  5,
+  D6  =  6,
+  D7  =  7,
+  D8  =  8,
+  D9  =  9,
+  D10 = 10,
+  D11 = 11,
+  D12 = 12,
+  D13 = 13,
+  D14 = 14,
+  D15 = 15,
+  D16 = 16,
+  D17 = 17,
+  D18 = 18,
+  D19 = 19,
+  D20 = 20,
+  D21 = 21,
+  D22 = 22,
+  D23 = 23,
+  D24 = 24,
+  D25 = 25,
+  D26 = 26,
+  D27 = 27,
+  D28 = 28,
+  D29 = 29,
+  D30 = 30,
+  D31 = 31,
+  kNumberOfDRegisters = 32,
+  kNoDRegister = -1,
+};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const DRegister& rhs);
+
+// Values for FP SRegisters - single precision floating point.
+enum SRegister {
+  S0  =  0,
+  S1  =  1,
+  S2  =  2,
+  S3  =  3,
+  S4  =  4,
+  S5  =  5,
+  S6  =  6,
+  S7  =  7,
+  S8  =  8,
+  S9  =  9,
+  S10 = 10,
+  S11 = 11,
+  S12 = 12,
+  S13 = 13,
+  S14 = 14,
+  S15 = 15,
+  S16 = 16,
+  S17 = 17,
+  S18 = 18,
+  S19 = 19,
+  S20 = 20,
+  S21 = 21,
+  S22 = 22,
+  S23 = 23,
+  S24 = 24,
+  S25 = 25,
+  S26 = 26,
+  S27 = 27,
+  S28 = 28,
+  S29 = 29,
+  S30 = 30,
+  S31 = 31,
+  kNumberOfSRegisters = 32,
+  kNoSRegister = -1,
+};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const SRegister& rhs);
+
+}  // namespace arm64
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_RUNTIME_ARCH_ARM64_REGISTERS_ARM64_H_
diff --git a/runtime/arch/x86_64/asm_support_x86_64.h b/runtime/arch/x86_64/asm_support_x86_64.h
index 444fa22..5a4e63e 100644
--- a/runtime/arch/x86_64/asm_support_x86_64.h
+++ b/runtime/arch/x86_64/asm_support_x86_64.h
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
 #include "asm_support.h"
 
 // Offset of field Runtime::callee_save_methods_[kSaveAll]
-#define RUNTIME_SAVE_ALL_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 208
+#define RUNTIME_SAVE_ALL_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 200
 // Offset of field Runtime::callee_save_methods_[kRefsOnly]
-#define RUNTIME_REFS_ONLY_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 216
+#define RUNTIME_REFS_ONLY_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 208
 // Offset of field Runtime::callee_save_methods_[kRefsAndArgs]
-#define RUNTIME_REF_AND_ARGS_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 224
+#define RUNTIME_REF_AND_ARGS_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_OFFSET 216
 
 // Offset of field Thread::self_ verified in InitCpu
 #define THREAD_SELF_OFFSET 72
diff --git a/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.cc b/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.cc
index e86bee6..e13bd71 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.cc
@@ -93,6 +93,12 @@
   }
 }
 
+RosAlloc::~RosAlloc() {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumOfSizeBrackets; i++) {
+    delete size_bracket_locks_[i];
+  }
+}
+
 void* RosAlloc::AllocPages(Thread* self, size_t num_pages, byte page_map_type) {
   lock_.AssertHeld(self);
   DCHECK(page_map_type == kPageMapRun || page_map_type == kPageMapLargeObject);
diff --git a/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.h b/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.h
index 4b0dd79..738d917 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/allocator/rosalloc.h
@@ -515,6 +515,7 @@
   RosAlloc(void* base, size_t capacity, size_t max_capacity,
            PageReleaseMode page_release_mode,
            size_t page_release_size_threshold = kDefaultPageReleaseSizeThreshold);
+  ~RosAlloc();
   void* Alloc(Thread* self, size_t size, size_t* bytes_allocated)
       LOCKS_EXCLUDED(lock_);
   void Free(Thread* self, void* ptr)
diff --git a/runtime/gc/heap.cc b/runtime/gc/heap.cc
index b97b9ec..87ee21b 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/heap.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/heap.cc
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
       total_allocation_time_(0),
       verify_object_mode_(kVerifyObjectModeDisabled),
       disable_moving_gc_count_(0),
-      running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND),
+      running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0),
       use_tlab_(use_tlab) {
   if (VLOG_IS_ON(heap) || VLOG_IS_ON(startup)) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Heap() entering";
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/dlmalloc_space.cc b/runtime/gc/space/dlmalloc_space.cc
index b591486..0597422 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/dlmalloc_space.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/dlmalloc_space.cc
@@ -43,9 +43,8 @@
 }
 
 DlMallocSpace* DlMallocSpace::CreateFromMemMap(MemMap* mem_map, const std::string& name,
-                                               size_t starting_size,
-                                               size_t initial_size, size_t growth_limit,
-                                               size_t capacity) {
+                                               size_t starting_size, size_t initial_size,
+                                               size_t growth_limit, size_t capacity) {
   DCHECK(mem_map != nullptr);
   void* mspace = CreateMspace(mem_map->Begin(), starting_size, initial_size);
   if (mspace == nullptr) {
@@ -133,12 +132,12 @@
     size_t footprint = mspace_footprint(mspace_);
     mspace_set_footprint_limit(mspace_, footprint);
   }
-  if (result != NULL) {
+  if (result != nullptr) {
     // Zero freshly allocated memory, done while not holding the space's lock.
     memset(result, 0, num_bytes);
+    // Check that the result is contained in the space.
+    CHECK(!kDebugSpaces || Contains(result));
   }
-  // Return the new allocation or NULL.
-  CHECK(!kDebugSpaces || result == NULL || Contains(result));
   return result;
 }
 
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@
 size_t DlMallocSpace::Free(Thread* self, mirror::Object* ptr) {
   MutexLock mu(self, lock_);
   if (kDebugSpaces) {
-    CHECK(ptr != NULL);
+    CHECK(ptr != nullptr);
     CHECK(Contains(ptr)) << "Free (" << ptr << ") not in bounds of heap " << *this;
   }
   const size_t bytes_freed = AllocationSizeNonvirtual(ptr, nullptr);
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc b/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
index 8426fab..ca5b5a9 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@
     space::ImageSpace* image_space = ImageSpace::Init(image_file_name.c_str(), true, &error_msg);
     if (image_space != nullptr) {
       return image_space;
+    } else {
+      LOG(WARNING) << error_msg;
     }
   }
   CHECK(GenerateImage(image_file_name, &error_msg))
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/malloc_space.h b/runtime/gc/space/malloc_space.h
index 30c7c45..fbcee5f 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/malloc_space.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/malloc_space.h
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
   virtual void* CreateAllocator(void* base, size_t morecore_start, size_t initial_size,
                                 size_t maximum_size, bool low_memory_mode) = 0;
 
-  void RegisterRecentFree(mirror::Object* ptr)
+  virtual void RegisterRecentFree(mirror::Object* ptr)
       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(lock_);
 
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space-inl.h b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space-inl.h
index 2627c85..d270885 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space-inl.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
                                                   size_t* bytes_allocated, size_t* usable_size) {
   size_t rosalloc_size = 0;
   mirror::Object* result = reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(
-      rosalloc_for_alloc_->Alloc(self, num_bytes, &rosalloc_size));
+      rosalloc_->Alloc(self, num_bytes, &rosalloc_size));
   if (LIKELY(result != NULL)) {
     if (kDebugSpaces) {
       CHECK(Contains(result)) << "Allocation (" << reinterpret_cast<void*>(result)
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.cc b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.cc
index b13ac3d..c4ce94d 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.cc
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@
 RosAllocSpace::RosAllocSpace(const std::string& name, MemMap* mem_map,
                              art::gc::allocator::RosAlloc* rosalloc, byte* begin, byte* end,
                              byte* limit, size_t growth_limit)
-    : MallocSpace(name, mem_map, begin, end, limit, growth_limit), rosalloc_(rosalloc),
-      rosalloc_for_alloc_(rosalloc) {
+    : MallocSpace(name, mem_map, begin, end, limit, growth_limit), rosalloc_(rosalloc) {
   CHECK(rosalloc != NULL);
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +63,9 @@
 
   // Everything is set so record in immutable structure and leave
   byte* begin = mem_map->Begin();
-  if (RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0) {
+  // TODO: Fix RosAllocSpace to support valgrind. There is currently some issues with
+  // AllocationSize caused by redzones. b/12944686
+  if (false && RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0) {
     return new ValgrindMallocSpace<RosAllocSpace, allocator::RosAlloc*>(
         name, mem_map, rosalloc, begin, end, begin + capacity, growth_limit, initial_size);
   } else {
@@ -72,6 +73,10 @@
   }
 }
 
+RosAllocSpace::~RosAllocSpace() {
+  delete rosalloc_;
+}
+
 RosAllocSpace* RosAllocSpace::Create(const std::string& name, size_t initial_size,
                                      size_t growth_limit, size_t capacity, byte* requested_begin,
                                      bool low_memory_mode) {
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.h b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.h
index 9f756aa..9b9adf8 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/rosalloc_space.h
@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@
     rosalloc_->Verify();
   }
 
+  virtual ~RosAllocSpace();
+
  protected:
   RosAllocSpace(const std::string& name, MemMap* mem_map, allocator::RosAlloc* rosalloc,
                 byte* begin, byte* end, byte* limit, size_t growth_limit);
@@ -127,10 +129,6 @@
   // Underlying rosalloc.
   allocator::RosAlloc* const rosalloc_;
 
-  // The rosalloc pointer used for allocation. Equal to rosalloc_ or nullptr after
-  // InvalidateAllocator() is called.
-  allocator::RosAlloc* rosalloc_for_alloc_;
-
   friend class collector::MarkSweep;
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(RosAllocSpace);
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space-inl.h b/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space-inl.h
index 4b0c8e3..ed97e60 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space-inl.h
@@ -38,9 +38,6 @@
   if (obj_with_rdz == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  if (usable_size != nullptr) {
-    *usable_size -= 2 * kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
-  }
   mirror::Object* result = reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(
       reinterpret_cast<byte*>(obj_with_rdz) + kValgrindRedZoneBytes);
   // Make redzones as no access.
@@ -58,9 +55,6 @@
   if (obj_with_rdz == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  if (usable_size != nullptr) {
-    *usable_size -= 2 * kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
-  }
   mirror::Object* result = reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(
       reinterpret_cast<byte*>(obj_with_rdz) + kValgrindRedZoneBytes);
   // Make redzones as no access.
@@ -73,10 +67,7 @@
 size_t ValgrindMallocSpace<S, A>::AllocationSize(mirror::Object* obj, size_t* usable_size) {
   size_t result = S::AllocationSize(reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(
       reinterpret_cast<byte*>(obj) - kValgrindRedZoneBytes), usable_size);
-  if (usable_size != nullptr) {
-    *usable_size -= 2 * kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
-  }
-  return result - 2 * kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
+  return result;
 }
 
 template <typename S, typename A>
@@ -84,11 +75,10 @@
   void* obj_after_rdz = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr);
   void* obj_with_rdz = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(obj_after_rdz) - kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
   // Make redzones undefined.
-  size_t allocation_size =
-      AllocationSize(reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(obj_with_rdz), nullptr);
-  VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_UNDEFINED(obj_with_rdz, allocation_size);
-  size_t freed = S::Free(self, reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(obj_with_rdz));
-  return freed - 2 * kValgrindRedZoneBytes;
+  size_t usable_size = 0;
+  AllocationSize(ptr, &usable_size);
+  VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_UNDEFINED(obj_with_rdz, usable_size);
+  return S::Free(self, reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(obj_with_rdz));
 }
 
 template <typename S, typename A>
@@ -96,6 +86,7 @@
   size_t freed = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < num_ptrs; i++) {
     freed += Free(self, ptrs[i]);
+    ptrs[i] = nullptr;
   }
   return freed;
 }
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space.h b/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space.h
index 8d00b30..6b755c4 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/valgrind_malloc_space.h
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
   size_t FreeList(Thread* self, size_t num_ptrs, mirror::Object** ptrs) OVERRIDE
       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  void RegisterRecentFree(mirror::Object* ptr) OVERRIDE {
+  }
+
   ValgrindMallocSpace(const std::string& name, MemMap* mem_map, AllocatorType allocator,
                       byte* begin, byte* end, byte* limit, size_t growth_limit,
                       size_t initial_size);
diff --git a/runtime/instruction_set.h b/runtime/instruction_set.h
index ac83601..cbc9912 100644
--- a/runtime/instruction_set.h
+++ b/runtime/instruction_set.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 enum InstructionSet {
   kNone,
   kArm,
+  kArm64,
   kThumb2,
   kX86,
   kX86_64,
diff --git a/runtime/instrumentation.cc b/runtime/instrumentation.cc
index e10d881..89a63ac 100644
--- a/runtime/instrumentation.cc
+++ b/runtime/instrumentation.cc
@@ -457,6 +457,22 @@
   thread->ResetQuickAllocEntryPointsForThread();
 }
 
+void Instrumentation::SetEntrypointsInstrumented(bool instrumented) {
+  Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
+  ThreadList* tl = runtime->GetThreadList();
+  if (runtime->IsStarted()) {
+    tl->SuspendAll();
+  }
+  {
+    MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
+    SetQuickAllocEntryPointsInstrumented(instrumented);
+    ResetQuickAllocEntryPoints();
+  }
+  if (runtime->IsStarted()) {
+    tl->ResumeAll();
+  }
+}
+
 void Instrumentation::InstrumentQuickAllocEntryPoints() {
   // TODO: the read of quick_alloc_entry_points_instrumentation_counter_ is racey and this code
   //       should be guarded by a lock.
@@ -464,15 +480,7 @@
   const bool enable_instrumentation =
       quick_alloc_entry_points_instrumentation_counter_.FetchAndAdd(1) == 0;
   if (enable_instrumentation) {
-    // Instrumentation wasn't enabled so enable it.
-    ThreadList* tl = Runtime::Current()->GetThreadList();
-    tl->SuspendAll();
-    {
-      MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
-      SetQuickAllocEntryPointsInstrumented(true);
-      ResetQuickAllocEntryPoints();
-    }
-    tl->ResumeAll();
+    SetEntrypointsInstrumented(true);
   }
 }
 
@@ -483,14 +491,7 @@
   const bool disable_instrumentation =
       quick_alloc_entry_points_instrumentation_counter_.FetchAndSub(1) == 1;
   if (disable_instrumentation) {
-    ThreadList* tl = Runtime::Current()->GetThreadList();
-    tl->SuspendAll();
-    {
-      MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
-      SetQuickAllocEntryPointsInstrumented(false);
-      ResetQuickAllocEntryPoints();
-    }
-    tl->ResumeAll();
+    SetEntrypointsInstrumented(false);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/instrumentation.h b/runtime/instrumentation.h
index d7a0b4d..e04d7b2 100644
--- a/runtime/instrumentation.h
+++ b/runtime/instrumentation.h
@@ -296,6 +296,10 @@
     interpreter_handler_table_ = IsActive() ? kAlternativeHandlerTable : kMainHandlerTable;
   }
 
+  // No thread safety analysis to get around SetQuickAllocEntryPointsInstrumented requiring
+  // exclusive access to mutator lock which you can't get if the runtime isn't started.
+  void SetEntrypointsInstrumented(bool instrumented) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
+
   void MethodEnterEventImpl(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
                             mirror::ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc) const
       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
diff --git a/runtime/mem_map.cc b/runtime/mem_map.cc
index 393ea68..fdfb477 100644
--- a/runtime/mem_map.cc
+++ b/runtime/mem_map.cc
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
   if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
     std::string maps;
     ReadFileToString("/proc/self/maps", &maps);
-    *error_msg = StringPrintf("anonymous mmap(%p, %zd, %x, %x, %d, 0) failed\n%s",
+    *error_msg = StringPrintf("anonymous mmap(%p, %zd, 0x%x, 0x%x, %d, 0) failed\n%s",
                               addr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd.get(),
                               maps.c_str());
     return nullptr;
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@
     std::string strerr(strerror(errno));
     std::string maps;
     ReadFileToString("/proc/self/maps", &maps);
-    *error_msg = StringPrintf("mmap(%p, %zd, %x, %x, %d, %" PRId64 ") of file '%s' failed: %s\n%s",
+    *error_msg = StringPrintf("mmap(%p, %zd, 0x%x, 0x%x, %d, %" PRId64
+                              ") of file '%s' failed: %s\n%s",
                               page_aligned_addr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd,
                               static_cast<int64_t>(page_aligned_offset), filename, strerr.c_str(),
                               maps.c_str());
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@
   if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
     std::string maps;
     ReadFileToString("/proc/self/maps", &maps);
-    *error_msg = StringPrintf("anonymous mmap(%p, %zd, %x, %x, %d, 0) failed\n%s",
+    *error_msg = StringPrintf("anonymous mmap(%p, %zd, 0x%x, 0x%x, %d, 0) failed\n%s",
                               tail_base_begin, tail_base_size, tail_prot, flags, fd.get(),
                               maps.c_str());
     return nullptr;
@@ -272,7 +273,7 @@
 }
 
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const MemMap& mem_map) {
-  os << StringPrintf("[MemMap: %s prot=%x %p-%p]",
+  os << StringPrintf("[MemMap: %s prot=0x%x %p-%p]",
                      mem_map.GetName().c_str(), mem_map.GetProtect(),
                      mem_map.BaseBegin(), mem_map.BaseEnd());
   return os;
diff --git a/runtime/parsed_options.cc b/runtime/parsed_options.cc
index b6f36b6..04f1a05 100644
--- a/runtime/parsed_options.cc
+++ b/runtime/parsed_options.cc
@@ -288,13 +288,13 @@
         return false;
       }
     } else if (StartsWith(option, "-XX:LongPauseLogThreshold=")) {
-      size_t value;
+      unsigned int value;
       if (!ParseUnsignedInteger(option, '=', &value)) {
         return false;
       }
       long_pause_log_threshold_ = MsToNs(value);
     } else if (StartsWith(option, "-XX:LongGCLogThreshold=")) {
-      size_t value;
+      unsigned int value;
       if (!ParseUnsignedInteger(option, '=', &value)) {
         return false;
       }
diff --git a/runtime/parsed_options.h b/runtime/parsed_options.h
index 0af17ee..f07bba1 100644
--- a/runtime/parsed_options.h
+++ b/runtime/parsed_options.h
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
   bool verify_post_gc_heap_;
   bool verify_pre_gc_rosalloc_;
   bool verify_post_gc_rosalloc_;
-  size_t long_pause_log_threshold_;
-  size_t long_gc_log_threshold_;
+  unsigned int long_pause_log_threshold_;
+  unsigned int long_gc_log_threshold_;
   bool dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_;
   bool ignore_max_footprint_;
   size_t heap_initial_size_;
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@
   size_t heap_min_free_;
   size_t heap_max_free_;
   double heap_target_utilization_;
-  size_t parallel_gc_threads_;
-  size_t conc_gc_threads_;
+  unsigned int parallel_gc_threads_;
+  unsigned int conc_gc_threads_;
   gc::CollectorType collector_type_;
   gc::CollectorType background_collector_type_;
   size_t stack_size_;
-  size_t max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_;
+  unsigned int max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_;
   bool low_memory_mode_;
-  size_t lock_profiling_threshold_;
+  unsigned int lock_profiling_threshold_;
   std::string stack_trace_file_;
   bool method_trace_;
   std::string method_trace_file_;
-  size_t method_trace_file_size_;
+  unsigned int method_trace_file_size_;
   bool (*hook_is_sensitive_thread_)();
   jint (*hook_vfprintf_)(FILE* stream, const char* format, va_list ap);
   void (*hook_exit_)(jint status);
diff --git a/runtime/runtime.h b/runtime/runtime.h
index f12c3d8..87307ae 100644
--- a/runtime/runtime.h
+++ b/runtime/runtime.h
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@
 class Trace;
 class Transaction;
 
+// Not all combinations of flags are valid. You may not visit all roots as well as the new roots
+// (no logical reason to do this). You also may not start logging new roots and stop logging new
+// roots (also no logical reason to do this).
 enum VisitRootFlags : uint8_t {
   kVisitRootFlagAllRoots = 0x1,
   kVisitRootFlagNewRoots = 0x2,
diff --git a/runtime/transaction_test.cc b/runtime/transaction_test.cc
index 7242b81..2e6ce4f 100644
--- a/runtime/transaction_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/transaction_test.cc
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@
 
   // Allocate an array during transaction.
   SirtRef<mirror::Array> sirt_obj(soa.Self(),
-                                  mirror::Array::Alloc<false>(soa.Self(), sirt_klass.get(),
-                                                              kArraySize,
-                                                              sirt_klass->GetComponentSize(),
-                                                              Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetCurrentAllocator()));
+                                  mirror::Array::Alloc<true>(soa.Self(), sirt_klass.get(),
+                                                             kArraySize,
+                                                             sirt_klass->GetComponentSize(),
+                                                             Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetCurrentAllocator()));
   ASSERT_TRUE(sirt_obj.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_EQ(sirt_obj->GetClass(), sirt_klass.get());
   Runtime::Current()->ExitTransactionMode();
diff --git a/runtime/utils.cc b/runtime/utils.cc
index d8f8f8f..237d217 100644
--- a/runtime/utils.cc
+++ b/runtime/utils.cc
@@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@
   if (last_slash == std::string::npos) {
     return map->name;
   }
-  return map->name.substr(last_slash);
+  return map->name.substr(last_slash + 1);
 }
 
 void DumpNativeStack(std::ostream& os, pid_t tid, const char* prefix, bool include_count) {
diff --git a/runtime/utils_test.cc b/runtime/utils_test.cc
index d804f6a..2c1aae8 100644
--- a/runtime/utils_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/utils_test.cc
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include "scoped_thread_state_change.h"
 #include "sirt_ref.h"
 
+#include <valgrind.h>
+
 namespace art {
 
 std::string PrettyArguments(const char* signature);
@@ -358,7 +360,10 @@
     command.push_back("/usr/bin/id");
   }
   std::string error_msg;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(Exec(command, &error_msg));
+  if (RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND == 0) {
+    // Running on valgrind fails due to some memory that leaks in thread alternate signal stacks.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(Exec(command, &error_msg));
+  }
   EXPECT_EQ(0U, error_msg.size()) << error_msg;
 }
 
@@ -366,8 +371,11 @@
   std::vector<std::string> command;
   command.push_back("bogus");
   std::string error_msg;
-  EXPECT_FALSE(Exec(command, &error_msg));
-  EXPECT_NE(0U, error_msg.size());
+  if (RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND == 0) {
+    // Running on valgrind fails due to some memory that leaks in thread alternate signal stacks.
+    EXPECT_FALSE(Exec(command, &error_msg));
+    EXPECT_NE(0U, error_msg.size());
+  }
 }
 
 }  // namespace art
diff --git a/runtime/zip_archive.cc b/runtime/zip_archive.cc
index ba0b91e..ddac7d4 100644
--- a/runtime/zip_archive.cc
+++ b/runtime/zip_archive.cc
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@
   return zip_entry_->crc32;
 }
 
+ZipEntry::~ZipEntry() {
+  delete zip_entry_;
+}
 
 bool ZipEntry::ExtractToFile(File& file, std::string* error_msg) {
   const int32_t error = ExtractEntryToFile(handle_, zip_entry_, file.Fd());
diff --git a/runtime/zip_archive.h b/runtime/zip_archive.h
index 2169fe0..3ef0e6b 100644
--- a/runtime/zip_archive.h
+++ b/runtime/zip_archive.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
  public:
   bool ExtractToFile(File& file, std::string* error_msg);
   MemMap* ExtractToMemMap(const char* entry_filename, std::string* error_msg);
+  virtual ~ZipEntry();
 
   uint32_t GetUncompressedLength();
   uint32_t GetCrc32();