diff --git a/compiler/common_compiler_test.cc b/compiler/common_compiler_test.cc
index 72afb98..07c73c9 100644
--- a/compiler/common_compiler_test.cc
+++ b/compiler/common_compiler_test.cc
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@
     Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache(hs.NewHandle(method->GetDexCache()));
     Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> h_class_loader = hs.NewHandle(
         self->DecodeJObject(class_loader)->AsClassLoader());
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(method->GetCodeItemOffset());
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(method->GetCodeItemOffset());
 
     std::vector<const DexFile*> dex_files;
     dex_files.push_back(dex_file);
diff --git a/compiler/compiler.cc b/compiler/compiler.cc
index 646040f..54da446 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/compiler.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "base/utils.h"
 #include "dex/code_item_accessors-inl.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "driver/compiler_driver.h"
 #include "optimizing/optimizing_compiler.h"
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-bool Compiler::IsPathologicalCase(const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item,
+bool Compiler::IsPathologicalCase(const dex::CodeItem& code_item,
                                   uint32_t method_idx,
                                   const DexFile& dex_file) {
   /*
diff --git a/compiler/compiler.h b/compiler/compiler.h
index 8c07773..8a67724 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler.h
+++ b/compiler/compiler.h
@@ -19,10 +19,13 @@
 
 #include "base/mutex.h"
 #include "base/os.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
+#include "dex/invoke_type.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct CodeItem;
+}  // namespace dex
 namespace jit {
 class JitCodeCache;
 class JitLogger;
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 class ArtMethod;
 class CompilerDriver;
 class CompiledMethod;
+class DexFile;
 template<class T> class Handle;
 class OatWriter;
 class Thread;
@@ -54,7 +58,7 @@
 
   virtual bool CanCompileMethod(uint32_t method_idx, const DexFile& dex_file) const = 0;
 
-  virtual CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  virtual CompiledMethod* Compile(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                   uint32_t access_flags,
                                   InvokeType invoke_type,
                                   uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@
 
   // Returns whether the method to compile is such a pathological case that
   // it's not worth compiling.
-  static bool IsPathologicalCase(const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item,
+  static bool IsPathologicalCase(const dex::CodeItem& code_item,
                                  uint32_t method_idx,
                                  const DexFile& dex_file);
 
diff --git a/compiler/debug/elf_debug_info_writer.h b/compiler/debug/elf_debug_info_writer.h
index bb550b3..a63f241 100644
--- a/compiler/debug/elf_debug_info_writer.h
+++ b/compiler/debug/elf_debug_info_writer.h
@@ -152,9 +152,9 @@
       DCHECK(mi->dex_file != nullptr);
       const DexFile* dex = mi->dex_file;
       CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor accessor(*dex, mi->code_item, mi->dex_method_index);
-      const DexFile::MethodId& dex_method = dex->GetMethodId(mi->dex_method_index);
-      const DexFile::ProtoId& dex_proto = dex->GetMethodPrototype(dex_method);
-      const DexFile::TypeList* dex_params = dex->GetProtoParameters(dex_proto);
+      const dex::MethodId& dex_method = dex->GetMethodId(mi->dex_method_index);
+      const dex::ProtoId& dex_proto = dex->GetMethodPrototype(dex_method);
+      const dex::TypeList* dex_params = dex->GetProtoParameters(dex_proto);
       const char* dex_class_desc = dex->GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(dex_method);
       const bool is_static = (mi->access_flags & kAccStatic) != 0;
 
diff --git a/compiler/debug/elf_debug_writer.cc b/compiler/debug/elf_debug_writer.cc
index 0f2d73e..16f163b 100644
--- a/compiler/debug/elf_debug_writer.cc
+++ b/compiler/debug/elf_debug_writer.cc
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
   WriteCFISection(builder, debug_info.compiled_methods, cfi_format, write_oat_patches);
 
   // Group the methods into compilation units based on class.
-  std::unordered_map<const DexFile::ClassDef*, ElfCompilationUnit> class_to_compilation_unit;
+  std::unordered_map<const dex::ClassDef*, ElfCompilationUnit> class_to_compilation_unit;
   for (const MethodDebugInfo& mi : debug_info.compiled_methods) {
     if (mi.dex_file != nullptr) {
       auto& dex_class_def = mi.dex_file->GetClassDef(mi.class_def_index);
diff --git a/compiler/debug/method_debug_info.h b/compiler/debug/method_debug_info.h
index 729c403..152db6e 100644
--- a/compiler/debug/method_debug_info.h
+++ b/compiler/debug/method_debug_info.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
   size_t class_def_index;
   uint32_t dex_method_index;
   uint32_t access_flags;
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item;
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item;
   InstructionSet isa;
   bool deduped;
   bool is_native_debuggable;
diff --git a/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.cc b/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.cc
index cf52dd9..23ce37e 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.cc
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@
 }
 
 CompiledMethod* DexToDexCompiler::CompileMethod(
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
     uint32_t access_flags,
     InvokeType invoke_type ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
     uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -627,11 +627,11 @@
 void DexToDexCompiler::SetDexFiles(const std::vector<const DexFile*>& dex_files) {
   // Record what code items are already seen to detect when multiple methods have the same code
   // item.
-  std::unordered_set<const DexFile::CodeItem*> seen_code_items;
+  std::unordered_set<const dex::CodeItem*> seen_code_items;
   for (const DexFile* dex_file : dex_files) {
     for (ClassAccessor accessor : dex_file->GetClasses()) {
       for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
-        const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+        const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
         // Detect the shared code items.
         if (!seen_code_items.insert(code_item).second) {
           shared_code_items_.insert(code_item);
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@
   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
   size_t unquicken_count = 0;
   for (const auto& pair : shared_code_item_quicken_info_) {
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = pair.first;
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item = pair.first;
     const QuickenState& state = pair.second;
     CHECK_GE(state.methods_.size(), 1u);
     if (state.conflict_) {
diff --git a/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.h b/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.h
index 7253488..78309ae 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.h
+++ b/compiler/dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 
 #include "base/bit_vector.h"
 #include "base/mutex.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/invoke_type.h"
 #include "dex/method_reference.h"
 #include "handle.h"
@@ -34,6 +33,11 @@
 class CompiledMethod;
 class CompilerDriver;
 class DexCompilationUnit;
+class DexFile;
+
+namespace dex {
+struct CodeItem;
+}  // namespace dex
 
 namespace mirror {
 class ClassLoader;
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@
 
   explicit DexToDexCompiler(CompilerDriver* driver);
 
-  CompiledMethod* CompileMethod(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* CompileMethod(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                 uint32_t access_flags,
                                 InvokeType invoke_type,
                                 uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -105,9 +109,9 @@
   std::unordered_map<const DexFile*, BitVector> should_quicken_;
   // Guarded by lock_ during writing, accessed without a lock during quickening.
   // This is safe because no thread is adding to the shared code items during the quickening phase.
-  std::unordered_set<const DexFile::CodeItem*> shared_code_items_;
+  std::unordered_set<const dex::CodeItem*> shared_code_items_;
   // Blacklisted code items are unquickened in UnquickenConflictingMethods.
-  std::unordered_map<const DexFile::CodeItem*, QuickenState> shared_code_item_quicken_info_
+  std::unordered_map<const dex::CodeItem*, QuickenState> shared_code_item_quicken_info_
       GUARDED_BY(lock_);
   // Number of added code items.
   size_t num_code_items_ GUARDED_BY(lock_) = 0u;
diff --git a/compiler/dex/inline_method_analyser.cc b/compiler/dex/inline_method_analyser.cc
index ba2ebd9..b0f025d 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/inline_method_analyser.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/inline_method_analyser.cc
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@
 }
 
 bool InlineMethodAnalyser::IsSyntheticAccessor(MethodReference ref) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = ref.dex_file->GetMethodId(ref.index);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = ref.dex_file->GetMethodId(ref.index);
   const char* method_name = ref.dex_file->GetMethodName(method_id);
   // javac names synthetic accessors "access$nnn",
   // jack names them "-getN", "-putN", "-wrapN".
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
index 63dcb46..ec2e38b 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
     const DexCompilationUnit* mUnit) {
   DCHECK_EQ(dex_cache->GetDexFile(), mUnit->GetDexFile());
   DCHECK_EQ(class_loader.Get(), mUnit->GetClassLoader().Get());
-  const DexFile::MethodId& referrer_method_id =
+  const dex::MethodId& referrer_method_id =
       mUnit->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(mUnit->GetDexMethodIndex());
   return ResolveClass(soa, dex_cache, class_loader, referrer_method_id.class_idx_, mUnit);
 }
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
index 36beb59..e440eec 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
 
 static optimizer::DexToDexCompiler::CompilationLevel GetDexToDexCompilationLevel(
     Thread* self, const CompilerDriver& driver, Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-    const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def)
+    const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::ClassDef& class_def)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   // When the dex file is uncompressed in the APK, we do not generate a copy in the .vdex
   // file. As a result, dex2oat will map the dex file read-only, and we only need to check
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
     const CompilerDriver& driver,
     jobject jclass_loader,
     const DexFile& dex_file,
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def) {
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def) {
   ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
   StackHandleScope<1> hs(soa.Self());
   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader(
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
 static void CompileMethodHarness(
     Thread* self,
     CompilerDriver* driver,
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
     uint32_t access_flags,
     InvokeType invoke_type,
     uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
 static void CompileMethodDex2Dex(
     Thread* self,
     CompilerDriver* driver,
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
     uint32_t access_flags,
     InvokeType invoke_type,
     uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
     Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache) {
   auto dex_2_dex_fn = [](Thread* self ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
       CompilerDriver* driver,
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
       uint32_t access_flags,
       InvokeType invoke_type,
       uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
 static void CompileMethodQuick(
     Thread* self,
     CompilerDriver* driver,
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
     uint32_t access_flags,
     InvokeType invoke_type,
     uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
   auto quick_fn = [](
       Thread* self,
       CompilerDriver* driver,
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
       uint32_t access_flags,
       InvokeType invoke_type,
       uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@
                                 uint32_t method_idx,
                                 uint32_t access_flags,
                                 InvokeType invoke_type,
-                                const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                 Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                 Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> h_class_loader) {
   // Can we run DEX-to-DEX compiler on this class ?
@@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@
                                           ScopedNullHandle<mirror::ClassLoader>())
               : nullptr;
       if (klass == nullptr) {
-        const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(exception_type_idx);
+        const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(exception_type_idx);
         const char* descriptor = dex_file->GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
         LOG(FATAL) << "Failed to resolve class " << descriptor;
       }
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@
     // needs it, here we try to resolve fields and methods used in class
     // definitions, since many of them many never be referenced by
     // generated code.
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
     StackHandleScope<2> hs(soa.Self());
     Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader(
@@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@
     ScopedTrace trace(__FUNCTION__);
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
     const DexFile& dex_file = *manager_->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
     ClassLinker* class_linker = manager_->GetClassLinker();
     jobject jclass_loader = manager_->GetClassLoader();
@@ -2032,7 +2032,7 @@
     ScopedTrace trace(__FUNCTION__);
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
     const DexFile& dex_file = *manager_->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
     ClassLinker* class_linker = manager_->GetClassLinker();
     jobject jclass_loader = manager_->GetClassLoader();
@@ -2097,8 +2097,8 @@
     ScopedTrace trace(__FUNCTION__);
     jobject jclass_loader = manager_->GetClassLoader();
     const DexFile& dex_file = *manager_->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& class_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::TypeId& class_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(class_type_id.descriptor_idx_);
 
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
@@ -2122,8 +2122,8 @@
   void TryInitializeClass(Handle<mirror::Class> klass, Handle<mirror::ClassLoader>& class_loader)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     const DexFile& dex_file = klass->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
-    const DexFile::TypeId& class_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def->class_idx_);
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+    const dex::TypeId& class_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def->class_idx_);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(class_type_id.descriptor_idx_);
     ScopedObjectAccessUnchecked soa(Thread::Current());
     StackHandleScope<3> hs(soa.Self());
@@ -2278,7 +2278,7 @@
 
     StackHandleScope<1> hs(Thread::Current());
     Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache = hs.NewHandle(klass->GetDexCache());
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
     ClassLinker* class_linker = manager_->GetClassLinker();
 
     // Check encoded final field values for strings and intern.
@@ -2320,7 +2320,7 @@
       self->ClearException();
       return false;
     }
-    const DexFile::TypeList* types = m->GetParameterTypeList();
+    const dex::TypeList* types = m->GetParameterTypeList();
     if (types != nullptr) {
       for (uint32_t i = 0; i < types->Size(); ++i) {
         dex::TypeIndex param_type_idx = types->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_;
@@ -2575,7 +2575,7 @@
     ClassLinker* class_linker = context.GetClassLinker();
     jobject jclass_loader = context.GetClassLoader();
     ClassReference ref(&dex_file, class_def_index);
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_index);
     ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, class_def_index);
     CompilerDriver* const driver = context.GetCompiler();
     // Skip compiling classes with generic verifier failures since they will still fail at runtime
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.h b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.h
index 025a632..6f8ec12 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.h
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.h
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #include "class_status.h"
 #include "compiler.h"
 #include "dex/class_reference.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_types.h"
 #include "dex/dex_to_dex_compiler.h"
 #include "dex/method_reference.h"
@@ -47,6 +46,10 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct CodeItem;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace mirror {
 class Class;
 class DexCache;
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@
 class CompiledMethod;
 class CompilerOptions;
 class DexCompilationUnit;
+class DexFile;
 template<class T> class Handle;
 struct InlineIGetIPutData;
 class InstructionSetFeatures;
@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@
                   uint32_t method_idx,
                   uint32_t access_flags,
                   InvokeType invoke_type,
-                  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                  const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> h_class_loader)
       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_);
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver_test.cc b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver_test.cc
index b924129..e73d072 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver_test.cc
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver_test.cc
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
   void MakeDexFileExecutable(jobject class_loader, const DexFile& dex_file) {
     ClassLinker* class_linker = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < dex_file.NumClassDefs(); i++) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
       const char* descriptor = dex_file.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
       StackHandleScope<1> hs(soa.Self());
diff --git a/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.cc b/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.cc
index e5a6f0e..0d0f074 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.cc
+++ b/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.cc
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 DexCompilationUnit::DexCompilationUnit(Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                        ClassLinker* class_linker,
                                        const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                       const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                       const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                        uint16_t class_def_idx,
                                        uint32_t method_idx,
                                        uint32_t access_flags,
diff --git a/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.h b/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.h
index 757f0e7..f68d93f 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.h
+++ b/compiler/driver/dex_compilation_unit.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
   DexCompilationUnit(Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                      ClassLinker* class_linker,
                      const DexFile& dex_file,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                     const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                      uint16_t class_def_idx,
                      uint32_t method_idx,
                      uint32_t access_flags,
@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@
     return dex_method_idx_;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() const {
+  const dex::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() const {
     return code_item_;
   }
 
   const char* GetShorty() const {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
     return dex_file_->GetMethodShorty(method_id);
   }
 
   const char* GetShorty(uint32_t* shorty_len) const {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
     return dex_file_->GetMethodShorty(method_id, shorty_len);
   }
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
 
   const DexFile* const dex_file_;
 
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* const code_item_;
+  const dex::CodeItem* const code_item_;
   const uint16_t class_def_idx_;
   const uint32_t dex_method_idx_;
   const uint32_t access_flags_;
diff --git a/compiler/exception_test.cc b/compiler/exception_test.cc
index f0f179c..d5ceafe 100644
--- a/compiler/exception_test.cc
+++ b/compiler/exception_test.cc
@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(2u, accessor.TriesSize());
   ASSERT_NE(0u, accessor.InsnsSizeInCodeUnits());
 
-  const DexFile::TryItem& t0 = accessor.TryItems().begin()[0];
-  const DexFile::TryItem& t1 = accessor.TryItems().begin()[1];
+  const dex::TryItem& t0 = accessor.TryItems().begin()[0];
+  const dex::TryItem& t1 = accessor.TryItems().begin()[1];
   EXPECT_LE(t0.start_addr_, t1.start_addr_);
   {
     CatchHandlerIterator iter(accessor, 4 /* Dex PC in the first try block */);
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/block_builder.cc b/compiler/optimizing/block_builder.cc
index d1ccbee..3672cce 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/block_builder.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/block_builder.cc
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
     // places where the program might fall through into/out of the a block and
     // where TryBoundary instructions will be inserted later. Other edges which
     // enter/exit the try blocks are a result of branches/switches.
-    for (const DexFile::TryItem& try_item : code_item_accessor_.TryItems()) {
+    for (const dex::TryItem& try_item : code_item_accessor_.TryItems()) {
       uint32_t dex_pc_start = try_item.start_addr_;
       uint32_t dex_pc_end = dex_pc_start + try_item.insn_count_;
       MaybeCreateBlockAt(dex_pc_start);
@@ -222,9 +222,9 @@
 }
 
 // Returns the TryItem stored for `block` or nullptr if there is no info for it.
-static const DexFile::TryItem* GetTryItem(
+static const dex::TryItem* GetTryItem(
     HBasicBlock* block,
-    const ScopedArenaSafeMap<uint32_t, const DexFile::TryItem*>& try_block_info) {
+    const ScopedArenaSafeMap<uint32_t, const dex::TryItem*>& try_block_info) {
   auto iterator = try_block_info.find(block->GetBlockId());
   return (iterator == try_block_info.end()) ? nullptr : iterator->second;
 }
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@
 // for a handler.
 static void LinkToCatchBlocks(HTryBoundary* try_boundary,
                               const CodeItemDataAccessor& accessor,
-                              const DexFile::TryItem* try_item,
+                              const dex::TryItem* try_item,
                               const ScopedArenaSafeMap<uint32_t, HBasicBlock*>& catch_blocks) {
   for (CatchHandlerIterator it(accessor.GetCatchHandlerData(try_item->handler_off_));
       it.HasNext();
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
 
   // Keep a map of all try blocks and their respective TryItems. We do not use
   // the block's pointer but rather its id to ensure deterministic iteration.
-  ScopedArenaSafeMap<uint32_t, const DexFile::TryItem*> try_block_info(
+  ScopedArenaSafeMap<uint32_t, const dex::TryItem*> try_block_info(
       std::less<uint32_t>(), local_allocator_->Adapter(kArenaAllocGraphBuilder));
 
   // Obtain TryItem information for blocks with throwing instructions, and split
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
     // loop for synchronized blocks.
     if (ContainsElement(throwing_blocks_, block)) {
       // Try to find a TryItem covering the block.
-      const DexFile::TryItem* try_item = code_item_accessor_.FindTryItem(block->GetDexPc());
+      const dex::TryItem* try_item = code_item_accessor_.FindTryItem(block->GetDexPc());
       if (try_item != nullptr) {
         // Block throwing and in a TryItem. Store the try block information.
         try_block_info.Put(block->GetBlockId(), try_item);
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
   // that all predecessors are relinked to. This preserves loop headers (b/23895756).
   for (const auto& entry : try_block_info) {
     uint32_t block_id = entry.first;
-    const DexFile::TryItem* try_item = entry.second;
+    const dex::TryItem* try_item = entry.second;
     HBasicBlock* try_block = graph_->GetBlocks()[block_id];
     for (HBasicBlock* predecessor : try_block->GetPredecessors()) {
       if (GetTryItem(predecessor, try_block_info) != try_item) {
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@
   // the successor is not in the same TryItem.
   for (const auto& entry : try_block_info) {
     uint32_t block_id = entry.first;
-    const DexFile::TryItem* try_item = entry.second;
+    const dex::TryItem* try_item = entry.second;
     HBasicBlock* try_block = graph_->GetBlocks()[block_id];
     // NOTE: Do not use iterators because SplitEdge would invalidate them.
     for (size_t i = 0, e = try_block->GetSuccessors().size(); i < e; ++i) {
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc
index 04e0cc4..9e2f5cd 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.cc
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@
 // dex branch instructions.
 static void CheckLoopEntriesCanBeUsedForOsr(const HGraph& graph,
                                             const CodeInfo& code_info,
-                                            const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item) {
+                                            const dex::CodeItem& code_item) {
   if (graph.HasTryCatch()) {
     // One can write loops through try/catch, which we do not support for OSR anyway.
     return;
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> CodeGenerator::BuildStackMaps(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item) {
+ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> CodeGenerator::BuildStackMaps(const dex::CodeItem* code_item) {
   ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> stack_map = GetStackMapStream()->Encode();
   if (kIsDebugBuild && code_item != nullptr) {
     CheckLoopEntriesCanBeUsedForOsr(*graph_, CodeInfo(stack_map.data()), *code_item);
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h
index 39966ff..f70ecb6 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator.h
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
 
   void AddSlowPath(SlowPathCode* slow_path);
 
-  ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> BuildStackMaps(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item_for_osr_check);
+  ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> BuildStackMaps(const dex::CodeItem* code_item_for_osr_check);
   size_t GetNumberOfJitRoots() const;
 
   // Fills the `literals` array with literals collected during code generation.
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
index 0796620..2a7bbcb 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@
   void VisitLoadMethodType(HLoadMethodType* load_method_type) override {
     StartAttributeStream("load_kind") << "RuntimeCall";
     const DexFile& dex_file = load_method_type->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(load_method_type->GetProtoIndex());
+    const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(load_method_type->GetProtoIndex());
     StartAttributeStream("method_type") << dex_file.GetProtoSignature(proto_id);
   }
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
index 854228b..8440e9a 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
@@ -1756,7 +1756,7 @@
                                        HInstruction** return_replacement) {
   DCHECK(!(resolved_method->IsStatic() && receiver_type.IsValid()));
   ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = resolved_method->GetCodeItem();
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item = resolved_method->GetCodeItem();
   const DexFile& callee_dex_file = *resolved_method->GetDexFile();
   uint32_t method_index = resolved_method->GetDexMethodIndex();
   CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor code_item_accessor(resolved_method->DexInstructionDebugInfo());
@@ -2027,7 +2027,7 @@
 }
 
 void HInliner::RunOptimizations(HGraph* callee_graph,
-                                const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                 const DexCompilationUnit& dex_compilation_unit) {
   // Note: if the outermost_graph_ is being compiled OSR, we should not run any
   // optimization that could lead to a HDeoptimize. The following optimizations do not.
@@ -2112,7 +2112,7 @@
   // Iterate over the list of parameter types and test whether any of the
   // actual inputs has a more specific reference type than the type declared in
   // the signature.
-  const DexFile::TypeList* param_list = resolved_method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* param_list = resolved_method->GetParameterTypeList();
   for (size_t param_idx = 0,
               input_idx = resolved_method->IsStatic() ? 0 : 1,
               e = (param_list == nullptr ? 0 : param_list->Size());
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.h b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.h
index 8ac2163..efd4c74 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.h
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 
   // Run simple optimizations on `callee_graph`.
   void RunOptimizations(HGraph* callee_graph,
-                        const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                        const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                         const DexCompilationUnit& dex_compilation_unit)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/instruction_builder.cc b/compiler/optimizing/instruction_builder.cc
index b6ef2b6..5e7b575 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/instruction_builder.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/instruction_builder.cc
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@
   uint16_t locals_index = graph_->GetNumberOfLocalVRegs();
   uint16_t parameter_index = 0;
 
-  const DexFile::MethodId& referrer_method_id =
+  const dex::MethodId& referrer_method_id =
       dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_compilation_unit_->GetDexMethodIndex());
   if (!dex_compilation_unit_->IsStatic()) {
     // Add the implicit 'this' argument, not expressed in the signature.
@@ -576,8 +576,8 @@
     DCHECK(current_this_parameter_ == nullptr);
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto = dex_file_->GetMethodPrototype(referrer_method_id);
-  const DexFile::TypeList* arg_types = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(proto);
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto = dex_file_->GetMethodPrototype(referrer_method_id);
+  const dex::TypeList* arg_types = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(proto);
   for (int i = 0, shorty_pos = 1; i < number_of_parameters; i++) {
     HParameterValue* parameter = new (allocator_) HParameterValue(
         *dex_file_,
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@
 }
 
 static DataType::Type GetFieldAccessType(const DexFile& dex_file, uint16_t field_index) {
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
   const char* type = dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
   return DataType::FromShorty(type[0]);
 }
@@ -3143,7 +3143,7 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Class> HInstructionBuilder::LookupReferrerClass() const {
   // TODO: Cache the result in a Handle<mirror::Class>.
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id =
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id =
       dex_compilation_unit_->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(dex_compilation_unit_->GetDexMethodIndex());
   return LookupResolvedType(method_id.class_idx_, *dex_compilation_unit_);
 }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
index e9a2f96..f7c16d1 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@
 }
 
 const char* HGraph::GetMethodName() const {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_.GetMethodId(method_idx_);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_.GetMethodId(method_idx_);
   return dex_file_.GetMethodName(method_id);
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
index a8fa370..3b34e8d 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
 
   bool CanCompileMethod(uint32_t method_idx, const DexFile& dex_file) const override;
 
-  CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* Compile(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                           uint32_t access_flags,
                           InvokeType invoke_type,
                           uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
   CompiledMethod* Emit(ArenaAllocator* allocator,
                        CodeVectorAllocator* code_allocator,
                        CodeGenerator* codegen,
-                       const DexFile::CodeItem* item) const;
+                       const dex::CodeItem* item) const;
 
   // Try compiling a method and return the code generator used for
   // compiling it.
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@
 CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::Emit(ArenaAllocator* allocator,
                                          CodeVectorAllocator* code_allocator,
                                          CodeGenerator* codegen,
-                                         const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item_for_osr_check) const {
+                                         const dex::CodeItem* code_item_for_osr_check) const {
   ArenaVector<linker::LinkerPatch> linker_patches = EmitAndSortLinkerPatches(codegen);
   ScopedArenaVector<uint8_t> stack_map = codegen->BuildStackMaps(code_item_for_osr_check);
 
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@
   InstructionSet instruction_set = compiler_options.GetInstructionSet();
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_compilation_unit.GetDexFile();
   uint32_t method_idx = dex_compilation_unit.GetDexMethodIndex();
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = dex_compilation_unit.GetCodeItem();
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item = dex_compilation_unit.GetCodeItem();
 
   // Always use the Thumb-2 assembler: some runtime functionality
   // (like implicit stack overflow checks) assume Thumb-2.
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@
   return codegen.release();
 }
 
-CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::Compile(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                             uint32_t access_flags,
                                             InvokeType invoke_type,
                                             uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -1254,7 +1254,7 @@
 
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
   const uint16_t class_def_idx = method->GetClassDefIndex();
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(method->GetCodeItemOffset());
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(method->GetCodeItemOffset());
   const uint32_t method_idx = method->GetDexMethodIndex();
   const uint32_t access_flags = method->GetAccessFlags();
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_unit_test.h b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_unit_test.h
index 4e376b1..e5f6941 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_unit_test.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_unit_test.h
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     void* aligned_data = GetAllocator()->Alloc(code_item_size);
     memcpy(aligned_data, &data[0], code_item_size);
     CHECK_ALIGNED(aligned_data, StandardDexFile::CodeItem::kAlignment);
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::CodeItem*>(aligned_data);
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::CodeItem*>(aligned_data);
 
     {
       ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
diff --git a/compiler/verifier_deps_test.cc b/compiler/verifier_deps_test.cc
index c00f848..092e931 100644
--- a/compiler/verifier_deps_test.cc
+++ b/compiler/verifier_deps_test.cc
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
         hs.NewHandle(soa.Decode<mirror::ClassLoader>(class_loader_)));
     Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache_handle(hs.NewHandle(klass_Main_->GetDexCache()));
 
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass_Main_->GetClassDef();
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass_Main_->GetClassDef();
     ClassAccessor accessor(*primary_dex_file_, *class_def);
 
     bool has_failures = true;
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
     for (const DexFile* dex_file : dex_files_) {
       const std::set<dex::TypeIndex>& unverified_classes = deps.GetUnverifiedClasses(*dex_file);
       for (uint32_t i = 0; i < dex_file->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
-        const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
+        const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
         const char* descriptor = dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
         cls.Assign(class_linker_->FindClass(soa.Self(), descriptor, class_loader_handle));
         if (cls == nullptr) {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
   }
 
   bool HasUnverifiedClass(const std::string& cls, const DexFile& dex_file) {
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(cls.c_str());
+    const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(cls.c_str());
     DCHECK(type_id != nullptr);
     dex::TypeIndex index = dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
     for (const auto& dex_dep : verifier_deps_->dex_deps_) {
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
           continue;
         }
 
-        const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_dep.first->GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
+        const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_dep.first->GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
 
         std::string actual_klass = dex_dep.first->StringByTypeIdx(field_id.class_idx_);
         if (expected_klass != actual_klass) {
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
           continue;
         }
 
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_dep.first->GetMethodId(entry.GetDexMethodIndex());
+        const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_dep.first->GetMethodId(entry.GetDexMethodIndex());
 
         std::string actual_klass = dex_dep.first->StringByTypeIdx(method_id.class_idx_);
         if (expected_klass != actual_klass) {
diff --git a/dex2oat/dex2oat_test.cc b/dex2oat/dex2oat_test.cc
index 92dd932..fd454f0 100644
--- a/dex2oat/dex2oat_test.cc
+++ b/dex2oat/dex2oat_test.cc
@@ -1331,7 +1331,7 @@
   // first.
   std::vector<uint16_t> methods;
   {
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex->FindTypeId("LManyMethods;");
+    const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex->FindTypeId("LManyMethods;");
     dex::TypeIndex type_idx = dex->GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
     ClassAccessor accessor(*dex, *dex->FindClassDef(type_idx));
     std::set<size_t> code_item_offsets;
@@ -1431,10 +1431,10 @@
     // we expect.
     std::unique_ptr<const DexFile> dex_file(oat_dex->OpenDexFile(&error_msg));
     ASSERT_TRUE(dex_file != nullptr) << error_msg;
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LManyMethods;");
+    const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LManyMethods;");
     ASSERT_TRUE(type_id != nullptr);
     dex::TypeIndex type_idx = dex_file->GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file->FindClassDef(type_idx);
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file->FindClassDef(type_idx);
     ASSERT_TRUE(class_def != nullptr);
 
     // Count how many code items are for each category, there should be at least one per category.
diff --git a/dex2oat/linker/image_test.h b/dex2oat/linker/image_test.h
index fa0a3d4..70a22b5 100644
--- a/dex2oat/linker/image_test.h
+++ b/dex2oat/linker/image_test.h
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@
       CHECK_EQ(kRequestedImageBase, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(image_begin));
     }
     for (size_t j = 0; j < dex->NumClassDefs(); ++j) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex->GetClassDef(j);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex->GetClassDef(j);
       const char* descriptor = dex->GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = class_linker_->FindSystemClass(soa.Self(), descriptor);
       EXPECT_TRUE(klass != nullptr) << descriptor;
diff --git a/dex2oat/linker/image_writer.cc b/dex2oat/linker/image_writer.cc
index e4e4b13..1331fc3 100644
--- a/dex2oat/linker/image_writer.cc
+++ b/dex2oat/linker/image_writer.cc
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@
     // Check if the referenced class is in the image. Note that we want to check the referenced
     // class rather than the declaring class to preserve the semantics, i.e. using a MethodId
     // results in resolving the referenced class and that can for example throw OOME.
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(stored_index);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(stored_index);
     if (method_id.class_idx_ != last_class_idx) {
       last_class_idx = method_id.class_idx_;
       last_class = class_linker->LookupResolvedType(last_class_idx, dex_cache, class_loader);
@@ -1612,7 +1612,7 @@
     // Check if the referenced class is in the image. Note that we want to check the referenced
     // class rather than the declaring class to preserve the semantics, i.e. using a FieldId
     // results in resolving the referenced class and that can for example throw OOME.
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(stored_index);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(stored_index);
     if (field_id.class_idx_ != last_class_idx) {
       last_class_idx = field_id.class_idx_;
       last_class = class_linker->LookupResolvedType(last_class_idx, dex_cache, class_loader);
@@ -1663,7 +1663,7 @@
     // Check if the referenced class is in the image. Note that we want to check the referenced
     // class rather than the declaring class to preserve the semantics, i.e. using a MethodId
     // results in resolving the referenced class and that can for example throw OOME.
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(i);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(i);
     if (method_id.class_idx_ != last_class_idx) {
       last_class_idx = method_id.class_idx_;
       last_class = class_linker->LookupResolvedType(last_class_idx, dex_cache, class_loader);
@@ -1695,7 +1695,7 @@
     // Check if the referenced class is in the image. Note that we want to check the referenced
     // class rather than the declaring class to preserve the semantics, i.e. using a FieldId
     // results in resolving the referenced class and that can for example throw OOME.
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(i);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(i);
     if (field_id.class_idx_ != last_class_idx) {
       last_class_idx = field_id.class_idx_;
       last_class = class_linker->LookupResolvedType(last_class_idx, dex_cache, class_loader);
diff --git a/dex2oat/linker/oat_writer.cc b/dex2oat/linker/oat_writer.cc
index e2a9ac2..be9a0cb 100644
--- a/dex2oat/linker/oat_writer.cc
+++ b/dex2oat/linker/oat_writer.cc
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@
 
   size_t class_def_index;
   uint32_t access_flags;
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item;
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item;
 
   // A value of -1 denotes missing debug info
   static constexpr size_t kDebugInfoIdxInvalid = static_cast<size_t>(-1);
@@ -1506,7 +1506,7 @@
       return true;
     }
     ObjPtr<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache = class_linker_->FindDexCache(Thread::Current(), *dex_file);
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(class_def_index);
     ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass =
         class_linker_->LookupResolvedType(class_def.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader_);
     if (klass != nullptr) {
@@ -1585,7 +1585,7 @@
 
   // Check whether current class is image class
   bool IsImageClass() {
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id =
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id =
         dex_file_->GetTypeId(dex_file_->GetClassDef(class_def_index_).class_idx_);
     const char* class_descriptor = dex_file_->GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
     return writer_->GetCompilerOptions().IsImageClass(class_descriptor);
diff --git a/dexdump/dexdump.cc b/dexdump/dexdump.cc
index 2b59342..c23524a 100644
--- a/dexdump/dexdump.cc
+++ b/dexdump/dexdump.cc
@@ -492,13 +492,13 @@
     case DexFile::kDexAnnotationField:
     case DexFile::kDexAnnotationEnum: {
       const u4 field_idx = static_cast<u4>(readVarWidth(data, arg, false));
-      const DexFile::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+      const dex::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(field_idx);
       fputs(pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pFieldId.name_idx_), gOutFile);
       break;
     }
     case DexFile::kDexAnnotationMethod: {
       const u4 method_idx = static_cast<u4>(readVarWidth(data, arg, false));
-      const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+      const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
       fputs(pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_), gOutFile);
       break;
     }
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
  */
 static void dumpClassDef(const DexFile* pDexFile, int idx) {
   // General class information.
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
+  const dex::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
   fprintf(gOutFile, "Class #%d header:\n", idx);
   fprintf(gOutFile, "class_idx           : %d\n", pClassDef.class_idx_.index_);
   fprintf(gOutFile, "access_flags        : %d (0x%04x)\n",
@@ -620,13 +620,13 @@
 /**
  * Dumps an annotation set item.
  */
-static void dumpAnnotationSetItem(const DexFile* pDexFile, const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* set_item) {
+static void dumpAnnotationSetItem(const DexFile* pDexFile, const dex::AnnotationSetItem* set_item) {
   if (set_item == nullptr || set_item->size_ == 0) {
     fputs("  empty-annotation-set\n", gOutFile);
     return;
   }
   for (u4 i = 0; i < set_item->size_; i++) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation = pDexFile->GetAnnotationItem(set_item, i);
+    const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation = pDexFile->GetAnnotationItem(set_item, i);
     if (annotation == nullptr) {
       continue;
     }
@@ -648,18 +648,18 @@
  * Dumps class annotations.
  */
 static void dumpClassAnnotations(const DexFile* pDexFile, int idx) {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* dir = pDexFile->GetAnnotationsDirectory(pClassDef);
+  const dex::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* dir = pDexFile->GetAnnotationsDirectory(pClassDef);
   if (dir == nullptr) {
     return;  // none
   }
 
   fprintf(gOutFile, "Class #%d annotations:\n", idx);
 
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* class_set_item = pDexFile->GetClassAnnotationSet(dir);
-  const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* fields = pDexFile->GetFieldAnnotations(dir);
-  const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* methods = pDexFile->GetMethodAnnotations(dir);
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* pars = pDexFile->GetParameterAnnotations(dir);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* class_set_item = pDexFile->GetClassAnnotationSet(dir);
+  const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* fields = pDexFile->GetFieldAnnotations(dir);
+  const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* methods = pDexFile->GetMethodAnnotations(dir);
+  const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* pars = pDexFile->GetParameterAnnotations(dir);
 
   // Annotations on the class itself.
   if (class_set_item != nullptr) {
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
   if (fields != nullptr) {
     for (u4 i = 0; i < dir->fields_size_; i++) {
       const u4 field_idx = fields[i].field_idx_;
-      const DexFile::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+      const dex::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(field_idx);
       const char* field_name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pFieldId.name_idx_);
       fprintf(gOutFile, "Annotations on field #%u '%s'\n", field_idx, field_name);
       dumpAnnotationSetItem(pDexFile, pDexFile->GetFieldAnnotationSetItem(fields[i]));
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@
   if (methods != nullptr) {
     for (u4 i = 0; i < dir->methods_size_; i++) {
       const u4 method_idx = methods[i].method_idx_;
-      const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+      const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
       const char* method_name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
       fprintf(gOutFile, "Annotations on method #%u '%s'\n", method_idx, method_name);
       dumpAnnotationSetItem(pDexFile, pDexFile->GetMethodAnnotationSetItem(methods[i]));
@@ -693,10 +693,10 @@
   if (pars != nullptr) {
     for (u4 i = 0; i < dir->parameters_size_; i++) {
       const u4 method_idx = pars[i].method_idx_;
-      const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+      const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(method_idx);
       const char* method_name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
       fprintf(gOutFile, "Annotations on method #%u '%s' parameters\n", method_idx, method_name);
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList*
+      const dex::AnnotationSetRefList*
           list = pDexFile->GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(&pars[i]);
       if (list != nullptr) {
         for (u4 j = 0; j < list->size_; j++) {
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@
 /*
  * Dumps an interface that a class declares to implement.
  */
-static void dumpInterface(const DexFile* pDexFile, const DexFile::TypeItem& pTypeItem, int i) {
+static void dumpInterface(const DexFile* pDexFile, const dex::TypeItem& pTypeItem, int i) {
   const char* interfaceName = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pTypeItem.type_idx_);
   if (gOptions.outputFormat == OUTPUT_PLAIN) {
     fprintf(gOutFile, "    #%d              : '%s'\n", i, interfaceName);
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@
 /*
  * Dumps the catches table associated with the code.
  */
-static void dumpCatches(const DexFile* pDexFile, const DexFile::CodeItem* pCode) {
+static void dumpCatches(const DexFile* pDexFile, const dex::CodeItem* pCode) {
   CodeItemDataAccessor accessor(*pDexFile, pCode);
   const u4 triesSize = accessor.TriesSize();
 
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@
 
   // Dump all table entries.
   fprintf(gOutFile, "      catches       : %d\n", triesSize);
-  for (const DexFile::TryItem& try_item : accessor.TryItems()) {
+  for (const dex::TryItem& try_item : accessor.TryItems()) {
     const u4 start = try_item.start_addr_;
     const u4 end = start + try_item.insn_count_;
     fprintf(gOutFile, "        0x%04x - 0x%04x\n", start, end);
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@
       break;
     case Instruction::kIndexMethodRef:
       if (index < pDexFile->GetHeader().method_ids_size_) {
-        const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(index);
+        const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(index);
         const char* name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
         const Signature signature = pDexFile->GetMethodSignature(pMethodId);
         const char* backDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pMethodId.class_idx_);
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@
       break;
     case Instruction::kIndexFieldRef:
       if (index < pDexFile->GetHeader().field_ids_size_) {
-        const DexFile::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(index);
+        const dex::FieldId& pFieldId = pDexFile->GetFieldId(index);
         const char* name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pFieldId.name_idx_);
         const char* typeDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pFieldId.type_idx_);
         const char* backDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pFieldId.class_idx_);
@@ -859,7 +859,7 @@
       std::string method("<method?>");
       std::string proto("<proto?>");
       if (index < pDexFile->GetHeader().method_ids_size_) {
-        const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(index);
+        const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(index);
         const char* name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
         const Signature signature = pDexFile->GetMethodSignature(pMethodId);
         const char* backDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pMethodId.class_idx_);
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@
                                              signature.ToString().c_str());
       }
       if (secondary_index < pDexFile->GetHeader().proto_ids_size_) {
-        const DexFile::ProtoId& protoId = pDexFile->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(secondary_index));
+        const dex::ProtoId& protoId = pDexFile->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(secondary_index));
         const Signature signature = pDexFile->GetProtoSignature(protoId);
         proto = signature.ToString();
       }
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@
       break;
     case Instruction::kIndexProtoRef:
       if (index < pDexFile->GetHeader().proto_ids_size_) {
-        const DexFile::ProtoId& protoId = pDexFile->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(index));
+        const dex::ProtoId& protoId = pDexFile->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(index));
         const Signature signature = pDexFile->GetProtoSignature(protoId);
         const std::string& proto = signature.ToString();
         outSize = snprintf(buf.get(), bufSize, "%s // proto@%0*x", proto.c_str(), width, index);
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@
  * Dumps a single instruction.
  */
 static void dumpInstruction(const DexFile* pDexFile,
-                            const DexFile::CodeItem* pCode,
+                            const dex::CodeItem* pCode,
                             u4 codeOffset, u4 insnIdx, u4 insnWidth,
                             const Instruction* pDecInsn) {
   // Address of instruction (expressed as byte offset).
@@ -1129,8 +1129,8 @@
  * Dumps a bytecode disassembly.
  */
 static void dumpBytecodes(const DexFile* pDexFile, u4 idx,
-                          const DexFile::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(idx);
+                          const dex::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
+  const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(idx);
   const char* name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
   const Signature signature = pDexFile->GetMethodSignature(pMethodId);
   const char* backDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pMethodId.class_idx_);
@@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@
  * Dumps code of a method.
  */
 static void dumpCode(const DexFile* pDexFile, u4 idx, u4 flags,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
+                     const dex::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
   CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor accessor(*pDexFile, pCode, idx);
 
   fprintf(gOutFile, "      registers     : %d\n", accessor.RegistersSize());
@@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
   }
 
   const DexFile& dex_file = method.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
   const char* name = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
   const Signature signature = dex_file.GetMethodSignature(pMethodId);
   char* typeDescriptor = strdup(signature.ToString().c_str());
@@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@
   }
 
   const DexFile& dex_file = field.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
   const char* name = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(field_id.name_idx_);
   const char* typeDescriptor = dex_file.StringByTypeIdx(field_id.type_idx_);
   const char* backDescriptor = dex_file.StringByTypeIdx(field_id.class_idx_);
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@
  * the value will be replaced with a newly-allocated string.
  */
 static void dumpClass(const DexFile* pDexFile, int idx, char** pLastPackage) {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
+  const dex::ClassDef& pClassDef = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
 
   // Omitting non-public class.
   if (gOptions.exportsOnly && (pClassDef.access_flags_ & kAccPublic) == 0) {
@@ -1480,7 +1480,7 @@
   }
 
   // Interfaces.
-  const DexFile::TypeList* pInterfaces = pDexFile->GetInterfacesList(pClassDef);
+  const dex::TypeList* pInterfaces = pDexFile->GetInterfacesList(pClassDef);
   if (pInterfaces != nullptr) {
     for (u4 i = 0; i < pInterfaces->Size(); i++) {
       dumpInterface(pDexFile, pInterfaces->GetTypeItem(i), i);
@@ -1552,7 +1552,7 @@
 }
 
 static void dumpMethodHandle(const DexFile* pDexFile, u4 idx) {
-  const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& mh = pDexFile->GetMethodHandle(idx);
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem& mh = pDexFile->GetMethodHandle(idx);
   const char* type = nullptr;
   bool is_instance = false;
   bool is_invoke = false;
@@ -1609,12 +1609,12 @@
   std::string member_type;
   if (type != nullptr) {
     if (is_invoke) {
-      const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = pDexFile->GetMethodId(mh.field_or_method_idx_);
+      const dex::MethodId& method_id = pDexFile->GetMethodId(mh.field_or_method_idx_);
       declaring_class = pDexFile->GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(method_id);
       member = pDexFile->GetMethodName(method_id);
       member_type = pDexFile->GetMethodSignature(method_id).ToString();
     } else {
-      const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = pDexFile->GetFieldId(mh.field_or_method_idx_);
+      const dex::FieldId& field_id = pDexFile->GetFieldId(mh.field_or_method_idx_);
       declaring_class = pDexFile->GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(field_id);
       member = pDexFile->GetFieldName(field_id);
       member_type = pDexFile->GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
@@ -1646,7 +1646,7 @@
 }
 
 static void dumpCallSite(const DexFile* pDexFile, u4 idx) {
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id = pDexFile->GetCallSiteId(idx);
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id = pDexFile->GetCallSiteId(idx);
   CallSiteArrayValueIterator it(*pDexFile, call_site_id);
   if (it.Size() < 3) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "ERROR: Call site " << idx << " has too few values.";
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@
   const char* method_name = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(method_name_idx);
   it.Next();
   dex::ProtoIndex method_type_idx = static_cast<dex::ProtoIndex>(it.GetJavaValue().i);
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& method_type_id = pDexFile->GetProtoId(method_type_idx);
+  const dex::ProtoId& method_type_id = pDexFile->GetProtoId(method_type_idx);
   std::string method_type = pDexFile->GetProtoSignature(method_type_id).ToString();
   it.Next();
 
@@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@
       case EncodedArrayValueIterator::ValueType::kMethodType: {
         type = "MethodType";
         dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx = static_cast<dex::ProtoIndex>(it.GetJavaValue().i);
-        const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = pDexFile->GetProtoId(proto_idx);
+        const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = pDexFile->GetProtoId(proto_idx);
         value = pDexFile->GetProtoSignature(proto_id).ToString();
         break;
       }
@@ -1734,7 +1734,7 @@
       case EncodedArrayValueIterator::ValueType::kType: {
         type = "Class";
         dex::TypeIndex type_idx = static_cast<dex::TypeIndex>(it.GetJavaValue().i);
-        const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = pDexFile->GetTypeId(type_idx);
+        const dex::TypeId& type_id = pDexFile->GetTypeId(type_idx);
         value = pDexFile->GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
         break;
       }
diff --git a/dexlayout/dex_ir_builder.cc b/dexlayout/dex_ir_builder.cc
index 92e438c..f4195b2 100644
--- a/dexlayout/dex_ir_builder.cc
+++ b/dexlayout/dex_ir_builder.cc
@@ -152,21 +152,21 @@
 
   void CreateCallSitesAndMethodHandles(const DexFile& dex_file);
 
-  TypeList* CreateTypeList(const DexFile::TypeList* type_list, uint32_t offset);
+  TypeList* CreateTypeList(const dex::TypeList* type_list, uint32_t offset);
   EncodedArrayItem* CreateEncodedArrayItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
                                            const uint8_t* static_data,
                                            uint32_t offset);
   AnnotationItem* CreateAnnotationItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                       const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation);
+                                       const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation);
   AnnotationSetItem* CreateAnnotationSetItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset);
+      const dex::AnnotationSetItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset);
   AnnotationsDirectoryItem* CreateAnnotationsDirectoryItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-      const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset);
+      const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset);
   CodeItem* DedupeOrCreateCodeItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                   const DexFile::CodeItem* disk_code_item,
+                                   const dex::CodeItem* disk_code_item,
                                    uint32_t offset,
                                    uint32_t dex_method_index);
-  ClassData* CreateClassData(const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def);
+  ClassData* CreateClassData(const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::ClassDef& class_def);
 
   void AddAnnotationsFromMapListSection(const DexFile& dex_file,
                                         uint32_t start_offset,
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
   ParameterAnnotation* GenerateParameterAnnotation(
       const DexFile& dex_file,
       MethodId* method_id,
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* annotation_set_ref_list,
+      const dex::AnnotationSetRefList* annotation_set_ref_list,
       uint32_t offset);
 
   template <typename Type, class... Args>
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@
     if (!options.class_filter_.empty()) {
       // If the filter is enabled (not empty), filter out classes that don't have a matching
       // descriptor.
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
       const char* descriptor = dex_file.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       if (options.class_filter_.find(descriptor) == options.class_filter_.end()) {
         continue;
@@ -331,10 +331,10 @@
 void BuilderMaps::CheckAndSetRemainingOffsets(const DexFile& dex_file, const Options& options) {
   const DexFile::Header& disk_header = dex_file.GetHeader();
   // Read MapItems and validate/set remaining offsets.
-  const DexFile::MapList* map = dex_file.GetMapList();
+  const dex::MapList* map = dex_file.GetMapList();
   const uint32_t count = map->size_;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::MapItem* item = map->list_ + i;
+    const dex::MapItem* item = map->list_ + i;
     switch (item->type_) {
       case DexFile::kDexTypeHeaderItem:
         CHECK_EQ(item->size_, 1u);
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateStringId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::StringId& disk_string_id = dex_file.GetStringId(dex::StringIndex(i));
+  const dex::StringId& disk_string_id = dex_file.GetStringId(dex::StringIndex(i));
   StringData* string_data =
       string_datas_map_.CreateAndAddItem(header_->StringDatas(),
                                          eagerly_assign_offsets_,
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateTypeId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::TypeId& disk_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex(i));
+  const dex::TypeId& disk_type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex(i));
   CreateAndAddIndexedItem(header_->TypeIds(),
                           header_->TypeIds().GetOffset() + i * TypeId::ItemSize(),
                           i,
@@ -442,8 +442,8 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateProtoId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& disk_proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(i));
-  const DexFile::TypeList* type_list = dex_file.GetProtoParameters(disk_proto_id);
+  const dex::ProtoId& disk_proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(i));
+  const dex::TypeList* type_list = dex_file.GetProtoParameters(disk_proto_id);
   TypeList* parameter_type_list = CreateTypeList(type_list, disk_proto_id.parameters_off_);
 
   CreateAndAddIndexedItem(header_->ProtoIds(),
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateFieldId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::FieldId& disk_field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(i);
+  const dex::FieldId& disk_field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(i);
   CreateAndAddIndexedItem(header_->FieldIds(),
                           header_->FieldIds().GetOffset() + i * FieldId::ItemSize(),
                           i,
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateMethodId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& disk_method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(i);
+  const dex::MethodId& disk_method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(i);
   CreateAndAddIndexedItem(header_->MethodIds(),
                           header_->MethodIds().GetOffset() + i * MethodId::ItemSize(),
                           i,
@@ -475,19 +475,19 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateClassDef(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& disk_class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
+  const dex::ClassDef& disk_class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(i);
   const TypeId* class_type = header_->TypeIds()[disk_class_def.class_idx_.index_];
   uint32_t access_flags = disk_class_def.access_flags_;
   const TypeId* superclass = header_->GetTypeIdOrNullPtr(disk_class_def.superclass_idx_.index_);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* type_list = dex_file.GetInterfacesList(disk_class_def);
+  const dex::TypeList* type_list = dex_file.GetInterfacesList(disk_class_def);
   TypeList* interfaces_type_list = CreateTypeList(type_list, disk_class_def.interfaces_off_);
 
   const StringId* source_file =
       header_->GetStringIdOrNullPtr(disk_class_def.source_file_idx_.index_);
   // Annotations.
   AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations = nullptr;
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_directory_item =
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_directory_item =
       dex_file.GetAnnotationsDirectory(disk_class_def);
   if (disk_annotations_directory_item != nullptr) {
     annotations = CreateAnnotationsDirectoryItem(
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateCallSiteId(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& disk_call_site_id = dex_file.GetCallSiteId(i);
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem& disk_call_site_id = dex_file.GetCallSiteId(i);
   const uint8_t* disk_call_item_ptr = dex_file.DataBegin() + disk_call_site_id.data_off_;
   EncodedArrayItem* call_site_item =
       CreateEncodedArrayItem(dex_file, disk_call_item_ptr, disk_call_site_id.data_off_);
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
 }
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateMethodHandleItem(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t i) {
-  const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& disk_method_handle = dex_file.GetMethodHandle(i);
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem& disk_method_handle = dex_file.GetMethodHandle(i);
   uint16_t index = disk_method_handle.field_or_method_idx_;
   DexFile::MethodHandleType type =
       static_cast<DexFile::MethodHandleType>(disk_method_handle.method_handle_type_);
@@ -551,9 +551,9 @@
 
 void BuilderMaps::CreateCallSitesAndMethodHandles(const DexFile& dex_file) {
   // Iterate through the map list and set the offset of the CallSiteIds and MethodHandleItems.
-  const DexFile::MapList* map = dex_file.GetMapList();
+  const dex::MapList* map = dex_file.GetMapList();
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < map->size_; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::MapItem* item = map->list_ + i;
+    const dex::MapItem* item = map->list_ + i;
     switch (item->type_) {
       case DexFile::kDexTypeCallSiteIdItem:
         header_->CallSiteIds().SetOffset(item->offset_);
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-TypeList* BuilderMaps::CreateTypeList(const DexFile::TypeList* dex_type_list, uint32_t offset) {
+TypeList* BuilderMaps::CreateTypeList(const dex::TypeList* dex_type_list, uint32_t offset) {
   if (dex_type_list == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@
   uint32_t current_offset = start_offset;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
     // Annotation that we didn't process already, add it to the set.
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation = dex_file.GetAnnotationItemAtOffset(current_offset);
+    const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation = dex_file.GetAnnotationItemAtOffset(current_offset);
     AnnotationItem* annotation_item = CreateAnnotationItem(dex_file, annotation);
     DCHECK(annotation_item != nullptr);
     current_offset += annotation_item->GetSize();
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
 
 void BuilderMaps::AddHiddenapiClassDataFromMapListSection(const DexFile& dex_file,
                                                           uint32_t offset) {
-  const DexFile::HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data =
+  const dex::HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data =
       dex_file.GetHiddenapiClassDataAtOffset(offset);
   DCHECK(hiddenapi_class_data == dex_file.GetHiddenapiClassData());
 
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@
 }
 
 AnnotationItem* BuilderMaps::CreateAnnotationItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation) {
+                                                  const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation) {
   const uint8_t* const start_data = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(annotation);
   const uint32_t offset = start_data - dex_file.DataBegin();
   AnnotationItem* annotation_item = annotation_items_map_.GetExistingObject(offset);
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@
 
 
 AnnotationSetItem* BuilderMaps::CreateAnnotationSetItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset) {
+    const dex::AnnotationSetItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset) {
   if (disk_annotations_item == nullptr || (disk_annotations_item->size_ == 0 && offset == 0)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
   if (annotation_set_item == nullptr) {
     std::vector<AnnotationItem*>* items = new std::vector<AnnotationItem*>();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < disk_annotations_item->size_; ++i) {
-      const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation =
+      const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation =
           dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(disk_annotations_item, i);
       if (annotation == nullptr) {
         continue;
@@ -717,27 +717,27 @@
 }
 
 AnnotationsDirectoryItem* BuilderMaps::CreateAnnotationsDirectoryItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset) {
+    const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* disk_annotations_item, uint32_t offset) {
   AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_directory_item =
       annotations_directory_items_map_.GetExistingObject(offset);
   if (annotations_directory_item != nullptr) {
     return annotations_directory_item;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* class_set_item =
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* class_set_item =
       dex_file.GetClassAnnotationSet(disk_annotations_item);
   AnnotationSetItem* class_annotation = nullptr;
   if (class_set_item != nullptr) {
     uint32_t item_offset = disk_annotations_item->class_annotations_off_;
     class_annotation = CreateAnnotationSetItem(dex_file, class_set_item, item_offset);
   }
-  const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* fields =
+  const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* fields =
       dex_file.GetFieldAnnotations(disk_annotations_item);
   FieldAnnotationVector* field_annotations = nullptr;
   if (fields != nullptr) {
     field_annotations = new FieldAnnotationVector();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < disk_annotations_item->fields_size_; ++i) {
       FieldId* field_id = header_->FieldIds()[fields[i].field_idx_];
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* field_set_item =
+      const dex::AnnotationSetItem* field_set_item =
           dex_file.GetFieldAnnotationSetItem(fields[i]);
       uint32_t annotation_set_offset = fields[i].annotations_off_;
       AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set_item =
@@ -746,14 +746,14 @@
           field_id, annotation_set_item));
     }
   }
-  const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* methods =
+  const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* methods =
       dex_file.GetMethodAnnotations(disk_annotations_item);
   MethodAnnotationVector* method_annotations = nullptr;
   if (methods != nullptr) {
     method_annotations = new MethodAnnotationVector();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < disk_annotations_item->methods_size_; ++i) {
       MethodId* method_id = header_->MethodIds()[methods[i].method_idx_];
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* method_set_item =
+      const dex::AnnotationSetItem* method_set_item =
           dex_file.GetMethodAnnotationSetItem(methods[i]);
       uint32_t annotation_set_offset = methods[i].annotations_off_;
       AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set_item =
@@ -762,14 +762,14 @@
           method_id, annotation_set_item));
     }
   }
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameters =
+  const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameters =
       dex_file.GetParameterAnnotations(disk_annotations_item);
   ParameterAnnotationVector* parameter_annotations = nullptr;
   if (parameters != nullptr) {
     parameter_annotations = new ParameterAnnotationVector();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < disk_annotations_item->parameters_size_; ++i) {
       MethodId* method_id = header_->MethodIds()[parameters[i].method_idx_];
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* list =
+      const dex::AnnotationSetRefList* list =
           dex_file.GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(&parameters[i]);
       parameter_annotations->push_back(std::unique_ptr<ParameterAnnotation>(
           GenerateParameterAnnotation(dex_file, method_id, list, parameters[i].annotations_off_)));
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@
 }
 
 CodeItem* BuilderMaps::DedupeOrCreateCodeItem(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                              const DexFile::CodeItem* disk_code_item,
+                                              const dex::CodeItem* disk_code_item,
                                               uint32_t offset,
                                               uint32_t dex_method_index) {
   if (disk_code_item == nullptr) {
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@
   if (accessor.TriesSize() > 0) {
     tries = new TryItemVector();
     handler_list = new CatchHandlerVector();
-    for (const DexFile::TryItem& disk_try_item : accessor.TryItems()) {
+    for (const dex::TryItem& disk_try_item : accessor.TryItems()) {
       uint32_t start_addr = disk_try_item.start_addr_;
       uint16_t insn_count = disk_try_item.insn_count_;
       uint16_t handler_off = disk_try_item.handler_off_;
@@ -941,7 +941,7 @@
 }
 
 ClassData* BuilderMaps::CreateClassData(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                        const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def) {
+                                        const dex::ClassDef& class_def) {
   // Read the fields and methods defined by the class, resolving the circular reference from those
   // to classes by setting class at the same time.
   const uint32_t offset = class_def.class_data_off_;
@@ -1225,7 +1225,7 @@
                                            const ClassAccessor::Method& method) {
   MethodId* method_id = header_->MethodIds()[method.GetIndex()];
   uint32_t access_flags = method.GetAccessFlags();
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* disk_code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+  const dex::CodeItem* disk_code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
   // Temporary hack to prevent incorrectly deduping code items if they have the same offset since
   // they may have different debug info streams.
   CodeItem* code_item = DedupeOrCreateCodeItem(dex_file,
@@ -1238,13 +1238,13 @@
 ParameterAnnotation* BuilderMaps::GenerateParameterAnnotation(
     const DexFile& dex_file,
     MethodId* method_id,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* annotation_set_ref_list,
+    const dex::AnnotationSetRefList* annotation_set_ref_list,
     uint32_t offset) {
   AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list = annotation_set_ref_lists_map_.GetExistingObject(offset);
   if (set_ref_list == nullptr) {
     std::vector<AnnotationSetItem*>* annotations = new std::vector<AnnotationSetItem*>();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < annotation_set_ref_list->size_; ++i) {
-      const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set_item =
+      const dex::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set_item =
           dex_file.GetSetRefItemItem(&annotation_set_ref_list->list_[i]);
       uint32_t set_offset = annotation_set_ref_list->list_[i].annotations_off_;
       annotations->push_back(CreateAnnotationSetItem(dex_file, annotation_set_item, set_offset));
diff --git a/dexlayout/dex_writer.cc b/dexlayout/dex_writer.cc
index ef6ccf9..143f5b0 100644
--- a/dexlayout/dex_writer.cc
+++ b/dexlayout/dex_writer.cc
@@ -535,10 +535,10 @@
                                                  dex_ir::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                  bool reserve_only) {
   if (code_item->TriesSize() != 0) {
-    stream->AlignTo(DexFile::TryItem::kAlignment);
+    stream->AlignTo(dex::TryItem::kAlignment);
     // Write try items.
     for (std::unique_ptr<const dex_ir::TryItem>& try_item : *code_item->Tries()) {
-      DexFile::TryItem disk_try_item;
+      dex::TryItem disk_try_item;
       if (!reserve_only) {
         disk_try_item.start_addr_ = try_item->StartAddr();
         disk_try_item.insn_count_ = try_item->InsnCount();
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@
   stream->Write(&map_list_size, sizeof(map_list_size));
   while (!queue->empty()) {
     const MapItem& item = queue->top();
-    DexFile::MapItem map_item;
+    dex::MapItem map_item;
     map_item.type_ = item.type_;
     map_item.size_ = item.size_;
     map_item.offset_ = item.offset_;
diff --git a/dexlayout/dexlayout.h b/dexlayout/dexlayout.h
index 6e006b7..535f789 100644
--- a/dexlayout/dexlayout.h
+++ b/dexlayout/dexlayout.h
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
                      std::string* error_msg);
 
   void DumpCFG(const DexFile* dex_file, int idx);
-  void DumpCFG(const DexFile* dex_file, uint32_t dex_method_idx, const DexFile::CodeItem* code);
+  void DumpCFG(const DexFile* dex_file, uint32_t dex_method_idx, const dex::CodeItem* code);
 
   Options& options_;
   ProfileCompilationInfo* info_;
diff --git a/dexlayout/dexlayout_test.cc b/dexlayout/dexlayout_test.cc
index 54157d9..b68449e 100644
--- a/dexlayout/dexlayout_test.cc
+++ b/dexlayout/dexlayout_test.cc
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@
     // Change the dex instructions to make an opcode that spans past the end of the code item.
     for (ClassAccessor accessor : dex->GetClasses()) {
       for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
-        DexFile::CodeItem* item = const_cast<DexFile::CodeItem*>(method.GetCodeItem());
+        dex::CodeItem* item = const_cast<dex::CodeItem*>(method.GetCodeItem());
         if (item != nullptr) {
           CodeItemInstructionAccessor instructions(*dex, item);
           if (instructions.begin() != instructions.end()) {
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@
   for (const std::unique_ptr<const DexFile>& dex_file : dex_files) {
     EXPECT_GT(dex_file->NumClassDefs(), 1u);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < dex_file->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
       LOG(INFO) << dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
     }
     Options options;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(output_dex_file->NumClassDefs(), options.class_filter_.size());
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < output_dex_file->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
       // Check that every class in the output dex file is in the filter.
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = output_dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = output_dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
       ASSERT_TRUE(options.class_filter_.find(output_dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(class_def)) !=
           options.class_filter_.end());
     }
diff --git a/dexlist/dexlist.cc b/dexlist/dexlist.cc
index bdf3ca6..dd32fae 100644
--- a/dexlist/dexlist.cc
+++ b/dexlist/dexlist.cc
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
  */
 static void dumpMethod(const DexFile* pDexFile,
                        const char* fileName, u4 idx, u4 flags ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                       const DexFile::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
+                       const dex::CodeItem* pCode, u4 codeOffset) {
   // Abstract and native methods don't get listed.
   if (pCode == nullptr || codeOffset == 0) {
     return;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
   CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor accessor(*pDexFile, pCode, idx);
 
   // Method information.
-  const DexFile::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& pMethodId = pDexFile->GetMethodId(idx);
   const char* methodName = pDexFile->StringDataByIdx(pMethodId.name_idx_);
   const char* classDescriptor = pDexFile->StringByTypeIdx(pMethodId.class_idx_);
   std::unique_ptr<char[]> className(descriptorToDot(classDescriptor));
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
  * Runs through all direct and virtual methods in the class.
  */
 void dumpClass(const DexFile* pDexFile, u4 idx) {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
+  const dex::ClassDef& class_def = pDexFile->GetClassDef(idx);
 
   const char* fileName = nullptr;
   if (class_def.source_file_idx_.IsValid()) {
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/art_dex_file_loader_test.cc b/libdexfile/dex/art_dex_file_loader_test.cc
index f7a2062..f9516db 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/art_dex_file_loader_test.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/art_dex_file_loader_test.cc
@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(raw.get() != nullptr);
   EXPECT_EQ(3U, raw->NumClassDefs());
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& c0 = raw->GetClassDef(0);
+  const dex::ClassDef& c0 = raw->GetClassDef(0);
   EXPECT_STREQ("LNested$1;", raw->GetClassDescriptor(c0));
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& c1 = raw->GetClassDef(1);
+  const dex::ClassDef& c1 = raw->GetClassDef(1);
   EXPECT_STREQ("LNested$Inner;", raw->GetClassDescriptor(c1));
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& c2 = raw->GetClassDef(2);
+  const dex::ClassDef& c2 = raw->GetClassDef(2);
   EXPECT_STREQ("LNested;", raw->GetClassDescriptor(c2));
 }
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(raw.get() != nullptr);
   EXPECT_EQ(1U, raw->NumClassDefs());
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = raw->GetClassDef(0);
+  const dex::ClassDef& class_def = raw->GetClassDef(0);
   ASSERT_STREQ("LGetMethodSignature;", raw->GetClassDescriptor(class_def));
 
   ClassAccessor accessor(*raw, class_def);
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
   // Check the signature for the static initializer.
   {
     ASSERT_EQ(1U, accessor.NumDirectMethods());
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = raw->GetMethodId(cur_method->GetIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = raw->GetMethodId(cur_method->GetIndex());
     const char* name = raw->StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
     ASSERT_STREQ("<init>", name);
     std::string signature(raw->GetMethodSignature(method_id).ToString());
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
   for (const Result& r : results) {
     ++cur_method;
     ASSERT_TRUE(cur_method != methods.end());
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = raw->GetMethodId(cur_method->GetIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = raw->GetMethodId(cur_method->GetIndex());
 
     const char* name = raw->StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
     ASSERT_STREQ(r.name, name);
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
       "D", "I", "J", nullptr };
   for (size_t i = 0; strings[i] != nullptr; i++) {
     const char* str = strings[i];
-    const DexFile::StringId* str_id = raw->FindStringId(str);
+    const dex::StringId* str_id = raw->FindStringId(str);
     const char* dex_str = raw->GetStringData(*str_id);
     EXPECT_STREQ(dex_str, str);
   }
@@ -241,10 +241,10 @@
 TEST_F(ArtDexFileLoaderTest, FindTypeId) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < java_lang_dex_file_->NumTypeIds(); i++) {
     const char* type_str = java_lang_dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(dex::TypeIndex(i));
-    const DexFile::StringId* type_str_id = java_lang_dex_file_->FindStringId(type_str);
+    const dex::StringId* type_str_id = java_lang_dex_file_->FindStringId(type_str);
     ASSERT_TRUE(type_str_id != nullptr);
     dex::StringIndex type_str_idx = java_lang_dex_file_->GetIndexForStringId(*type_str_id);
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = java_lang_dex_file_->FindTypeId(type_str_idx);
+    const dex::TypeId* type_id = java_lang_dex_file_->FindTypeId(type_str_idx);
     ASSERT_EQ(type_id, java_lang_dex_file_->FindTypeId(type_str));
     ASSERT_TRUE(type_id != nullptr);
     EXPECT_EQ(java_lang_dex_file_->GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id).index_, i);
@@ -253,15 +253,15 @@
 
 TEST_F(ArtDexFileLoaderTest, FindProtoId) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < java_lang_dex_file_->NumProtoIds(); i++) {
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(i));
-    const DexFile::TypeList* to_find_tl = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(to_find);
+    const dex::ProtoId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex(i));
+    const dex::TypeList* to_find_tl = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(to_find);
     std::vector<dex::TypeIndex> to_find_types;
     if (to_find_tl != nullptr) {
       for (size_t j = 0; j < to_find_tl->Size(); j++) {
         to_find_types.push_back(to_find_tl->GetTypeItem(j).type_idx_);
       }
     }
-    const DexFile::ProtoId* found =
+    const dex::ProtoId* found =
         java_lang_dex_file_->FindProtoId(to_find.return_type_idx_, to_find_types);
     ASSERT_TRUE(found != nullptr);
     EXPECT_EQ(java_lang_dex_file_->GetIndexForProtoId(*found), dex::ProtoIndex(i));
@@ -270,11 +270,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(ArtDexFileLoaderTest, FindMethodId) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < java_lang_dex_file_->NumMethodIds(); i++) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetMethodId(i);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& klass = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.class_idx_);
-    const DexFile::StringId& name = java_lang_dex_file_->GetStringId(to_find.name_idx_);
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& signature = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoId(to_find.proto_idx_);
-    const DexFile::MethodId* found = java_lang_dex_file_->FindMethodId(klass, name, signature);
+    const dex::MethodId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetMethodId(i);
+    const dex::TypeId& klass = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.class_idx_);
+    const dex::StringId& name = java_lang_dex_file_->GetStringId(to_find.name_idx_);
+    const dex::ProtoId& signature = java_lang_dex_file_->GetProtoId(to_find.proto_idx_);
+    const dex::MethodId* found = java_lang_dex_file_->FindMethodId(klass, name, signature);
     ASSERT_TRUE(found != nullptr) << "Didn't find method " << i << ": "
         << java_lang_dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(to_find.class_idx_) << "."
         << java_lang_dex_file_->GetStringData(name)
@@ -285,11 +285,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(ArtDexFileLoaderTest, FindFieldId) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < java_lang_dex_file_->NumFieldIds(); i++) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetFieldId(i);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& klass = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.class_idx_);
-    const DexFile::StringId& name = java_lang_dex_file_->GetStringId(to_find.name_idx_);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.type_idx_);
-    const DexFile::FieldId* found = java_lang_dex_file_->FindFieldId(klass, name, type);
+    const dex::FieldId& to_find = java_lang_dex_file_->GetFieldId(i);
+    const dex::TypeId& klass = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.class_idx_);
+    const dex::StringId& name = java_lang_dex_file_->GetStringId(to_find.name_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& type = java_lang_dex_file_->GetTypeId(to_find.type_idx_);
+    const dex::FieldId* found = java_lang_dex_file_->FindFieldId(klass, name, type);
     ASSERT_TRUE(found != nullptr) << "Didn't find field " << i << ": "
         << java_lang_dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(to_find.type_idx_) << " "
         << java_lang_dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(to_find.class_idx_) << "."
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor-inl.h b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor-inl.h
index 334b072..c9e5360 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor-inl.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor-inl.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     : ClassAccessor(data.dex_file_, data.class_def_idx_) {}
 
 inline ClassAccessor::ClassAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                    const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                     bool parse_hiddenapi_class_data)
     : ClassAccessor(dex_file,
                     dex_file.GetClassData(class_def),
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
       num_direct_methods_(ptr_pos_ != nullptr ? DecodeUnsignedLeb128(&ptr_pos_) : 0u),
       num_virtual_methods_(ptr_pos_ != nullptr ? DecodeUnsignedLeb128(&ptr_pos_) : 0u) {
   if (parse_hiddenapi_class_data && class_def_index != DexFile::kDexNoIndex32) {
-    const DexFile::HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data = dex_file.GetHiddenapiClassData();
+    const dex::HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data = dex_file.GetHiddenapiClassData();
     if (hiddenapi_class_data != nullptr) {
       hiddenapi_ptr_pos_ = hiddenapi_class_data->GetFlagsPointer(class_def_index);
     }
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
                         VoidFunctor());
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::CodeItem* ClassAccessor::GetCodeItem(const Method& method) const {
+inline const dex::CodeItem* ClassAccessor::GetCodeItem(const Method& method) const {
   return dex_file_.GetCodeItem(method.GetCodeItemOffset());
 }
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
   return dex_file_.StringByTypeIdx(GetClassIdx());
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::CodeItem* ClassAccessor::Method::GetCodeItem() const {
+inline const dex::CodeItem* ClassAccessor::Method::GetCodeItem() const {
   return dex_file_.GetCodeItem(code_off_);
 }
 
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor.h b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor.h
index bd7b912..cf6e509 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor.h
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
     CodeItemInstructionAccessor GetInstructions() const;
     CodeItemDataAccessor GetInstructionsAndData() const;
 
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() const;
+    const dex::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() const;
 
     bool IsStaticOrDirect() const {
       return is_static_or_direct_;
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
   ALWAYS_INLINE ClassAccessor(const ClassIteratorData& data);  // NOLINT [runtime/explicit] [5]
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE ClassAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                              const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                              const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                               bool parse_hiddenapi_class_data = false);
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE ClassAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t class_def_index);
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
                 bool parse_hiddenapi_class_data = false);
 
   // Return the code item for a method.
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* GetCodeItem(const Method& method) const;
+  const dex::CodeItem* GetCodeItem(const Method& method) const;
 
   // Iterator data is not very iterator friendly, use visitors to get around this.
   template <typename StaticFieldVisitor,
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
     return class_def_index_;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& GetClassDef() const {
+  const dex::ClassDef& GetClassDef() const {
     return dex_file_.GetClassDef(GetClassDefIndex());
   }
 
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor_test.cc b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor_test.cc
index 1f30ae5..9f2ee23 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor_test.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/class_accessor_test.cc
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     uint32_t class_def_idx = 0u;
     ASSERT_GT(dex_file->NumClassDefs(), 0u);
     for (ClassAccessor accessor : dex_file->GetClasses()) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(accessor.GetClassDefIndex());
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(accessor.GetClassDefIndex());
       EXPECT_EQ(accessor.GetDescriptor(), dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(class_def.class_idx_));
       EXPECT_EQ(class_def_idx, accessor.GetClassDefIndex());
       ++class_def_idx;
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors-inl.h b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors-inl.h
index bbf2224..15e34b7 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors-inl.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors-inl.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 }
 
 inline void CodeItemInstructionAccessor::Init(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                              const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item) {
+                                              const dex::CodeItem* code_item) {
   if (code_item != nullptr) {
     DCHECK(dex_file.IsInDataSection(code_item));
     if (dex_file.IsCompactDexFile()) {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 
 inline CodeItemInstructionAccessor::CodeItemInstructionAccessor(
     const DexFile& dex_file,
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item) {
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item) {
   Init(dex_file, code_item);
 }
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 }
 
 inline void CodeItemDataAccessor::Init(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                       const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item) {
+                                       const dex::CodeItem* code_item) {
   if (code_item != nullptr) {
     if (dex_file.IsCompactDexFile()) {
       CodeItemDataAccessor::Init(down_cast<const CompactDexFile::CodeItem&>(*code_item));
@@ -113,12 +113,12 @@
 }
 
 inline CodeItemDataAccessor::CodeItemDataAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item) {
+                                                  const dex::CodeItem* code_item) {
   Init(dex_file, code_item);
 }
 
-inline IterationRange<const DexFile::TryItem*> CodeItemDataAccessor::TryItems() const {
-  const DexFile::TryItem* try_items = DexFile::GetTryItems(end(), 0u);
+inline IterationRange<const dex::TryItem*> CodeItemDataAccessor::TryItems() const {
+  const dex::TryItem* try_items = DexFile::GetTryItems(end(), 0u);
   return {
     try_items,
     try_items + TriesSize() };
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@
   return DexFile::GetCatchHandlerData(end(), TriesSize(), offset);
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::TryItem* CodeItemDataAccessor::FindTryItem(uint32_t try_dex_pc) const {
-  IterationRange<const DexFile::TryItem*> try_items(TryItems());
+inline const dex::TryItem* CodeItemDataAccessor::FindTryItem(uint32_t try_dex_pc) const {
+  IterationRange<const dex::TryItem*> try_items(TryItems());
   int32_t index = DexFile::FindTryItem(try_items.begin(),
                                        try_items.end() - try_items.begin(),
                                        try_dex_pc);
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
 }
 
 inline void CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor::Init(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                            const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                            const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                             uint32_t dex_method_index) {
   if (code_item == nullptr) {
     return;
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors.h b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors.h
index c307c9f..0ae5905 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors.h
@@ -19,21 +19,28 @@
 #ifndef ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_CODE_ITEM_ACCESSORS_H_
 #define ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_CODE_ITEM_ACCESSORS_H_
 
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
 #include "compact_dex_file.h"
-#include "dex_file.h"
 #include "dex_instruction_iterator.h"
 #include "standard_dex_file.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct CodeItem;
+struct TryItem;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 class ArtMethod;
+class DexFile;
 
 // Abstracts accesses to the instruction fields of code items for CompactDexFile and
 // StandardDexFile.
 class CodeItemInstructionAccessor {
  public:
   ALWAYS_INLINE CodeItemInstructionAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                            const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item);
+                                            const dex::CodeItem* code_item);
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE explicit CodeItemInstructionAccessor(ArtMethod* method);
 
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(uint32_t insns_size_in_code_units, const uint16_t* insns);
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const CompactDexFile::CodeItem& code_item);
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const StandardDexFile::CodeItem& code_item);
-  ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item);
+  ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::CodeItem* code_item);
 
  private:
   // size of the insns array, in 2 byte code units. 0 if there is no code item.
@@ -87,7 +94,7 @@
 // StandardDexFile.
 class CodeItemDataAccessor : public CodeItemInstructionAccessor {
  public:
-  ALWAYS_INLINE CodeItemDataAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item);
+  ALWAYS_INLINE CodeItemDataAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::CodeItem* code_item);
 
   uint16_t RegistersSize() const {
     return registers_size_;
@@ -105,11 +112,11 @@
     return tries_size_;
   }
 
-  IterationRange<const DexFile::TryItem*> TryItems() const;
+  IterationRange<const dex::TryItem*> TryItems() const;
 
   const uint8_t* GetCatchHandlerData(size_t offset = 0) const;
 
-  const DexFile::TryItem* FindTryItem(uint32_t try_dex_pc) const;
+  const dex::TryItem* FindTryItem(uint32_t try_dex_pc) const;
 
   inline const void* CodeItemDataEnd() const;
 
@@ -118,7 +125,7 @@
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const CompactDexFile::CodeItem& code_item);
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const StandardDexFile::CodeItem& code_item);
-  ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item);
+  ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::CodeItem* code_item);
 
  private:
   // Fields mirrored from the dex/cdex code item.
@@ -136,13 +143,13 @@
 
   // Initialize with an existing offset.
   ALWAYS_INLINE CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                          const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                          const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                           uint32_t dex_method_index) {
     Init(dex_file, code_item, dex_method_index);
   }
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE void Init(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                          const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                          const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                           uint32_t dex_method_index);
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE explicit CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor(ArtMethod* method);
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors_test.cc b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors_test.cc
index 87f4bab..c5891f9 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors_test.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/code_item_accessors_test.cc
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
   static constexpr size_t kInsnsSizeInCodeUnits = 5;
 
   auto verify_code_item = [&](const DexFile* dex,
-                              const DexFile::CodeItem* item,
+                              const dex::CodeItem* item,
                               const uint16_t* insns) {
     CodeItemInstructionAccessor insns_accessor(*dex, item);
     EXPECT_TRUE(insns_accessor.HasCodeItem());
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.cc b/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.cc
index 641c523..a5044aa 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
       static_cast<uint32_t>(FeatureFlags::kDefaultMethods)) != 0;
 }
 
-uint32_t CompactDexFile::GetCodeItemSize(const DexFile::CodeItem& item) const {
+uint32_t CompactDexFile::GetCodeItemSize(const dex::CodeItem& item) const {
   DCHECK(IsInDataSection(&item));
   return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodeItemDataAccessor(*this, &item).CodeItemDataEnd()) -
       reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&item);
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.h b/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.h
index 8eade6d..47edd51 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/compact_dex_file.h
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   // Like the standard code item except without a debug info offset. Each code item may have a
   // preheader to encode large methods. In 99% of cases, the preheader is not used. This enables
   // smaller size with a good fast path case in the accessors.
-  struct CodeItem : public DexFile::CodeItem {
+  struct CodeItem : public dex::CodeItem {
     static constexpr size_t kAlignment = sizeof(uint16_t);
     // Max preheader size in uint16_ts.
     static constexpr size_t kMaxPreHeaderSize = 6;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
 
   bool SupportsDefaultMethods() const override;
 
-  uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const DexFile::CodeItem& item) const override;
+  uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const dex::CodeItem& item) const override;
 
   uint32_t GetDebugInfoOffset(uint32_t dex_method_index) const {
     return debug_info_offsets_.GetOffset(dex_method_index);
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file-inl.h b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file-inl.h
index c884eee..cacd7dd 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file-inl.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file-inl.h
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
-inline int32_t DexFile::GetStringLength(const StringId& string_id) const {
+inline int32_t DexFile::GetStringLength(const dex::StringId& string_id) const {
   const uint8_t* ptr = DataBegin() + string_id.string_data_off_;
   return DecodeUnsignedLeb128(&ptr);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(const StringId& string_id,
+inline const char* DexFile::GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(const dex::StringId& string_id,
                                                         uint32_t* utf16_length) const {
   DCHECK(utf16_length != nullptr) << GetLocation();
   const uint8_t* ptr = DataBegin() + string_id.string_data_off_;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
   return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(ptr);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetStringData(const StringId& string_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetStringData(const dex::StringId& string_id) const {
   uint32_t ignored;
   return GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(string_id, &ignored);
 }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     *utf16_length = 0;
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const StringId& string_id = GetStringId(idx);
+  const dex::StringId& string_id = GetStringId(idx);
   return GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(string_id, utf16_length);
 }
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
   if (!idx.IsValid()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(idx);
+  const dex::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(idx);
   return StringDataAndUtf16LengthByIdx(type_id.descriptor_idx_, unicode_length);
 }
 
@@ -76,41 +76,43 @@
   if (!idx.IsValid()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(idx);
+  const dex::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(idx);
   return StringDataByIdx(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetTypeDescriptor(const TypeId& type_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetTypeDescriptor(const dex::TypeId& type_id) const {
   return StringDataByIdx(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetFieldTypeDescriptor(const FieldId& field_id) const {
-  const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(field_id.type_idx_);
+inline const char* DexFile::GetFieldTypeDescriptor(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const {
+  const dex::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(field_id.type_idx_);
   return GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetFieldName(const FieldId& field_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetFieldName(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const {
   return StringDataByIdx(field_id.name_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(const MethodId& method_id) const {
-  const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(method_id.class_idx_);
+inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(const dex::MethodId& method_id)
+    const {
+  const dex::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(method_id.class_idx_);
   return GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
 }
 
-inline const Signature DexFile::GetMethodSignature(const MethodId& method_id) const {
+inline const Signature DexFile::GetMethodSignature(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const {
   return Signature(this, GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_));
 }
 
-inline const Signature DexFile::GetProtoSignature(const ProtoId& proto_id) const {
+inline const Signature DexFile::GetProtoSignature(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const {
   return Signature(this, proto_id);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodName(const MethodId& method_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodName(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const {
   return StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodName(const MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* utf_length) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodName(const dex::MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* utf_length)
+    const {
   return StringDataAndUtf16LengthByIdx(method_id.name_idx_, utf_length);
 }
 
@@ -122,32 +124,34 @@
   return StringDataByIdx(GetProtoId(GetMethodId(idx).proto_idx_).shorty_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodShorty(const MethodId& method_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodShorty(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const {
   return StringDataByIdx(GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).shorty_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodShorty(const MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* length) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetMethodShorty(const dex::MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* length)
+    const {
   // Using the UTF16 length is safe here as shorties are guaranteed to be ASCII characters.
   return StringDataAndUtf16LengthByIdx(GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).shorty_idx_, length);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetClassDescriptor(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetClassDescriptor(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
   return StringByTypeIdx(class_def.class_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const char* DexFile::GetReturnTypeDescriptor(const ProtoId& proto_id) const {
+inline const char* DexFile::GetReturnTypeDescriptor(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const {
   return StringByTypeIdx(proto_id.return_type_idx_);
 }
 
 inline const char* DexFile::GetShorty(dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx) const {
-  const ProtoId& proto_id = GetProtoId(proto_idx);
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = GetProtoId(proto_idx);
   return StringDataByIdx(proto_id.shorty_idx_);
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::TryItem* DexFile::GetTryItems(const DexInstructionIterator& code_item_end,
-                                                    uint32_t offset) {
-  return reinterpret_cast<const TryItem*>
-      (RoundUp(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&code_item_end.Inst()), TryItem::kAlignment)) + offset;
+inline const dex::TryItem* DexFile::GetTryItems(const DexInstructionIterator& code_item_end,
+                                                uint32_t offset) {
+  return reinterpret_cast<const dex::TryItem*>
+      (RoundUp(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&code_item_end.Inst()), dex::TryItem::kAlignment)) +
+          offset;
 }
 
 static inline bool DexFileStringEquals(const DexFile* df1, dex::StringIndex sidx1,
@@ -184,8 +188,8 @@
     }
   }
   if (lhs_shorty[0] == 'L') {
-    const DexFile::TypeId& return_type_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(proto_id_->return_type_idx_);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& rhs_return_type_id =
+    const dex::TypeId& return_type_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(proto_id_->return_type_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& rhs_return_type_id =
         rhs.dex_file_->GetTypeId(rhs.proto_id_->return_type_idx_);
     if (!DexFileStringEquals(dex_file_, return_type_id.descriptor_idx_,
                              rhs.dex_file_, rhs_return_type_id.descriptor_idx_)) {
@@ -193,16 +197,16 @@
     }
   }
   if (lhs_shorty.find('L', 1) != StringPiece::npos) {
-    const DexFile::TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
-    const DexFile::TypeList* rhs_params = rhs.dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*rhs.proto_id_);
+    const dex::TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
+    const dex::TypeList* rhs_params = rhs.dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*rhs.proto_id_);
     // We found a reference parameter in the matching shorty, so both lists must be non-empty.
     DCHECK(params != nullptr);
     DCHECK(rhs_params != nullptr);
     uint32_t params_size = params->Size();
     DCHECK_EQ(params_size, rhs_params->Size());  // Parameter list size must match.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < params_size; ++i) {
-      const DexFile::TypeId& param_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(params->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
-      const DexFile::TypeId& rhs_param_id =
+      const dex::TypeId& param_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(params->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
+      const dex::TypeId& rhs_param_id =
           rhs.dex_file_->GetTypeId(rhs_params->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
       if (!DexFileStringEquals(dex_file_, param_id.descriptor_idx_,
                                rhs.dex_file_, rhs_param_id.descriptor_idx_)) {
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.cc
index 7ccb9c0..ff51906 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.cc
@@ -41,6 +41,19 @@
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 
+using dex::CallSiteIdItem;
+using dex::ClassDef;
+using dex::FieldId;
+using dex::MapList;
+using dex::MapItem;
+using dex::MethodHandleItem;
+using dex::MethodId;
+using dex::ProtoId;
+using dex::StringId;
+using dex::TryItem;
+using dex::TypeId;
+using dex::TypeList;
+
 static_assert(sizeof(dex::StringIndex) == sizeof(uint32_t), "StringIndex size is wrong");
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<dex::StringIndex>::value, "StringIndex not trivial");
 static_assert(sizeof(dex::TypeIndex) == sizeof(uint16_t), "TypeIndex size is wrong");
@@ -195,7 +208,7 @@
   return atoi(version);
 }
 
-const DexFile::ClassDef* DexFile::FindClassDef(dex::TypeIndex type_idx) const {
+const ClassDef* DexFile::FindClassDef(dex::TypeIndex type_idx) const {
   size_t num_class_defs = NumClassDefs();
   // Fast path for rare no class defs case.
   if (num_class_defs == 0) {
@@ -210,8 +223,7 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-uint32_t DexFile::FindCodeItemOffset(const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                     uint32_t method_idx) const {
+uint32_t DexFile::FindCodeItemOffset(const ClassDef& class_def, uint32_t method_idx) const {
   ClassAccessor accessor(*this, class_def);
   CHECK(accessor.HasClassData());
   for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
@@ -223,9 +235,9 @@
   UNREACHABLE();
 }
 
-const DexFile::FieldId* DexFile::FindFieldId(const DexFile::TypeId& declaring_klass,
-                                             const DexFile::StringId& name,
-                                             const DexFile::TypeId& type) const {
+const FieldId* DexFile::FindFieldId(const TypeId& declaring_klass,
+                                    const StringId& name,
+                                    const TypeId& type) const {
   // Binary search MethodIds knowing that they are sorted by class_idx, name_idx then proto_idx
   const dex::TypeIndex class_idx = GetIndexForTypeId(declaring_klass);
   const dex::StringIndex name_idx = GetIndexForStringId(name);
@@ -234,7 +246,7 @@
   int32_t hi = NumFieldIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
     int32_t mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field = GetFieldId(mid);
+    const FieldId& field = GetFieldId(mid);
     if (class_idx > field.class_idx_) {
       lo = mid + 1;
     } else if (class_idx < field.class_idx_) {
@@ -258,9 +270,9 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::MethodId* DexFile::FindMethodId(const DexFile::TypeId& declaring_klass,
-                                               const DexFile::StringId& name,
-                                               const DexFile::ProtoId& signature) const {
+const MethodId* DexFile::FindMethodId(const TypeId& declaring_klass,
+                                      const StringId& name,
+                                      const ProtoId& signature) const {
   // Binary search MethodIds knowing that they are sorted by class_idx, name_idx then proto_idx
   const dex::TypeIndex class_idx = GetIndexForTypeId(declaring_klass);
   const dex::StringIndex name_idx = GetIndexForStringId(name);
@@ -269,7 +281,7 @@
   int32_t hi = NumMethodIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
     int32_t mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method = GetMethodId(mid);
+    const MethodId& method = GetMethodId(mid);
     if (class_idx > method.class_idx_) {
       lo = mid + 1;
     } else if (class_idx < method.class_idx_) {
@@ -293,12 +305,12 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::StringId* DexFile::FindStringId(const char* string) const {
+const StringId* DexFile::FindStringId(const char* string) const {
   int32_t lo = 0;
   int32_t hi = NumStringIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
     int32_t mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
-    const DexFile::StringId& str_id = GetStringId(dex::StringIndex(mid));
+    const StringId& str_id = GetStringId(dex::StringIndex(mid));
     const char* str = GetStringData(str_id);
     int compare = CompareModifiedUtf8ToModifiedUtf8AsUtf16CodePointValues(string, str);
     if (compare > 0) {
@@ -312,13 +324,13 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::TypeId* DexFile::FindTypeId(const char* string) const {
+const TypeId* DexFile::FindTypeId(const char* string) const {
   int32_t lo = 0;
   int32_t hi = NumTypeIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
     int32_t mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
     const TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex(mid));
-    const DexFile::StringId& str_id = GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
+    const StringId& str_id = GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
     const char* str = GetStringData(str_id);
     int compare = CompareModifiedUtf8ToModifiedUtf8AsUtf16CodePointValues(string, str);
     if (compare > 0) {
@@ -332,7 +344,7 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::TypeId* DexFile::FindTypeId(dex::StringIndex string_idx) const {
+const TypeId* DexFile::FindTypeId(dex::StringIndex string_idx) const {
   int32_t lo = 0;
   int32_t hi = NumTypeIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
@@ -349,15 +361,15 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::ProtoId* DexFile::FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
-                                             const dex::TypeIndex* signature_type_idxs,
-                                             uint32_t signature_length) const {
+const ProtoId* DexFile::FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
+                                    const dex::TypeIndex* signature_type_idxs,
+                                    uint32_t signature_length) const {
   int32_t lo = 0;
   int32_t hi = NumProtoIds() - 1;
   while (hi >= lo) {
     int32_t mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
     const dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx = static_cast<dex::ProtoIndex>(mid);
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& proto = GetProtoId(proto_idx);
+    const ProtoId& proto = GetProtoId(proto_idx);
     int compare = return_type_idx.index_ - proto.return_type_idx_.index_;
     if (compare == 0) {
       DexFileParameterIterator it(*this, proto);
@@ -422,7 +434,7 @@
     }
     // TODO: avoid creating a std::string just to get a 0-terminated char array
     std::string descriptor(signature.data() + start_offset, offset - start_offset);
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = FindTypeId(descriptor.c_str());
+    const TypeId* type_id = FindTypeId(descriptor.c_str());
     if (type_id == nullptr) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -457,7 +469,7 @@
   while (min < max) {
     const uint32_t mid = (min + max) / 2;
 
-    const art::DexFile::TryItem& ti = try_items[mid];
+    const TryItem& ti = try_items[mid];
     const uint32_t start = ti.start_addr_;
     const uint32_t end = start + ti.insn_count_;
 
@@ -523,9 +535,9 @@
   if (method_idx >= NumMethodIds()) {
     return StringPrintf("<<invalid-method-idx-%d>>", method_idx);
   }
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = GetMethodId(method_idx);
+  const MethodId& method_id = GetMethodId(method_idx);
   std::string result;
-  const DexFile::ProtoId* proto_id = with_signature ? &GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_) : nullptr;
+  const ProtoId* proto_id = with_signature ? &GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_) : nullptr;
   if (with_signature) {
     AppendPrettyDescriptor(StringByTypeIdx(proto_id->return_type_idx_), &result);
     result += ' ';
@@ -535,7 +547,7 @@
   result += GetMethodName(method_id);
   if (with_signature) {
     result += '(';
-    const DexFile::TypeList* params = GetProtoParameters(*proto_id);
+    const TypeList* params = GetProtoParameters(*proto_id);
     if (params != nullptr) {
       const char* separator = "";
       for (uint32_t i = 0u, size = params->Size(); i != size; ++i) {
@@ -553,7 +565,7 @@
   if (field_idx >= NumFieldIds()) {
     return StringPrintf("<<invalid-field-idx-%d>>", field_idx);
   }
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const FieldId& field_id = GetFieldId(field_idx);
   std::string result;
   if (with_type) {
     result += GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
@@ -569,12 +581,12 @@
   if (type_idx.index_ >= NumTypeIds()) {
     return StringPrintf("<<invalid-type-idx-%d>>", type_idx.index_);
   }
-  const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(type_idx);
+  const TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(type_idx);
   return PrettyDescriptor(GetTypeDescriptor(type_id));
 }
 
 dex::ProtoIndex DexFile::GetProtoIndexForCallSite(uint32_t call_site_idx) const {
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& csi = GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
+  const CallSiteIdItem& csi = GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
   CallSiteArrayValueIterator it(*this, csi);
   it.Next();
   it.Next();
@@ -597,7 +609,7 @@
     CHECK(proto_id_ == nullptr);
     return "<no signature>";
   }
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
+  const TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
   std::string result;
   if (params == nullptr) {
     result += "()";
@@ -613,7 +625,7 @@
 }
 
 uint32_t Signature::GetNumberOfParameters() const {
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
+  const TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
   return (params != nullptr) ? params->Size() : 0;
 }
 
@@ -631,7 +643,7 @@
     return false;  // Invalid signature
   }
   tail.remove_prefix(1);  // "(";
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
+  const TypeList* params = dex_file_->GetProtoParameters(*proto_id_);
   if (params != nullptr) {
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < params->Size(); ++i) {
       StringPiece param(dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(params->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_));
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.h b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.h
index 83f47fe..104c38d 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "base/value_object.h"
 #include "class_iterator.h"
+#include "dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "dex_file_types.h"
 #include "jni.h"
 #include "modifiers.h"
@@ -136,150 +137,6 @@
     kDexTypeHiddenapiClassData       = 0xF000,
   };
 
-  struct MapItem {
-    uint16_t type_;
-    uint16_t unused_;
-    uint32_t size_;
-    uint32_t offset_;
-  };
-
-  struct MapList {
-    uint32_t size_;
-    MapItem list_[1];
-
-    size_t Size() const { return sizeof(uint32_t) + (size_ * sizeof(MapItem)); }
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MapList);
-  };
-
-  // Raw string_id_item.
-  struct StringId {
-    uint32_t string_data_off_;  // offset in bytes from the base address
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(StringId);
-  };
-
-  // Raw type_id_item.
-  struct TypeId {
-    dex::StringIndex descriptor_idx_;  // index into string_ids
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeId);
-  };
-
-  // Raw field_id_item.
-  struct FieldId {
-    dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;   // index into type_ids_ array for defining class
-    dex::TypeIndex type_idx_;    // index into type_ids_ array for field type
-    dex::StringIndex name_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ array for field name
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FieldId);
-  };
-
-  // Raw proto_id_item.
-  struct ProtoId {
-    dex::StringIndex shorty_idx_;     // index into string_ids array for shorty descriptor
-    dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx_;  // index into type_ids array for return type
-    uint16_t pad_;                    // padding = 0
-    uint32_t parameters_off_;         // file offset to type_list for parameter types
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ProtoId);
-  };
-
-  // Raw method_id_item.
-  struct MethodId {
-    dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;   // index into type_ids_ array for defining class
-    dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx_;  // index into proto_ids_ array for method prototype
-    dex::StringIndex name_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ array for method name
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodId);
-  };
-
-  // Base code_item, compact dex and standard dex have different code item layouts.
-  struct CodeItem {
-   protected:
-    CodeItem() = default;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeItem);
-  };
-
-  // Raw class_def_item.
-  struct ClassDef {
-    dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;  // index into type_ids_ array for this class
-    uint16_t pad1_;  // padding = 0
-    uint32_t access_flags_;
-    dex::TypeIndex superclass_idx_;  // index into type_ids_ array for superclass
-    uint16_t pad2_;  // padding = 0
-    uint32_t interfaces_off_;  // file offset to TypeList
-    dex::StringIndex source_file_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ for source file name
-    uint32_t annotations_off_;  // file offset to annotations_directory_item
-    uint32_t class_data_off_;  // file offset to class_data_item
-    uint32_t static_values_off_;  // file offset to EncodedArray
-
-    // Returns the valid access flags, that is, Java modifier bits relevant to the ClassDef type
-    // (class or interface). These are all in the lower 16b and do not contain runtime flags.
-    uint32_t GetJavaAccessFlags() const {
-      // Make sure that none of our runtime-only flags are set.
-      static_assert((kAccValidClassFlags & kAccJavaFlagsMask) == kAccValidClassFlags,
-                    "Valid class flags not a subset of Java flags");
-      static_assert((kAccValidInterfaceFlags & kAccJavaFlagsMask) == kAccValidInterfaceFlags,
-                    "Valid interface flags not a subset of Java flags");
-
-      if ((access_flags_ & kAccInterface) != 0) {
-        // Interface.
-        return access_flags_ & kAccValidInterfaceFlags;
-      } else {
-        // Class.
-        return access_flags_ & kAccValidClassFlags;
-      }
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ClassDef);
-  };
-
-  // Raw type_item.
-  struct TypeItem {
-    dex::TypeIndex type_idx_;  // index into type_ids section
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeItem);
-  };
-
-  // Raw type_list.
-  class TypeList {
-   public:
-    uint32_t Size() const {
-      return size_;
-    }
-
-    const TypeItem& GetTypeItem(uint32_t idx) const {
-      DCHECK_LT(idx, this->size_);
-      return this->list_[idx];
-    }
-
-    // Size in bytes of the part of the list that is common.
-    static constexpr size_t GetHeaderSize() {
-      return 4U;
-    }
-
-    // Size in bytes of the whole type list including all the stored elements.
-    static constexpr size_t GetListSize(size_t count) {
-      return GetHeaderSize() + sizeof(TypeItem) * count;
-    }
-
-   private:
-    uint32_t size_;  // size of the list, in entries
-    TypeItem list_[1];  // elements of the list
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeList);
-  };
-
   // MethodHandle Types
   enum class MethodHandleType : uint16_t {  // private
     kStaticPut         = 0x0000,  // a setter for a given static field.
@@ -296,37 +153,6 @@
     kLast = kInvokeInterface
   };
 
-  // raw method_handle_item
-  struct MethodHandleItem {
-    uint16_t method_handle_type_;
-    uint16_t reserved1_;            // Reserved for future use.
-    uint16_t field_or_method_idx_;  // Field index for accessors, method index otherwise.
-    uint16_t reserved2_;            // Reserved for future use.
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodHandleItem);
-  };
-
-  // raw call_site_id_item
-  struct CallSiteIdItem {
-    uint32_t data_off_;  // Offset into data section pointing to encoded array items.
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CallSiteIdItem);
-  };
-
-  // Raw try_item.
-  struct TryItem {
-    static constexpr size_t kAlignment = sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-    uint32_t start_addr_;
-    uint16_t insn_count_;
-    uint16_t handler_off_;
-
-   private:
-    TryItem() = default;
-    friend class DexWriter;
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TryItem);
-  };
-
   // Annotation constants.
   enum {
     kDexVisibilityBuild         = 0x00,     /* annotation visibility */
@@ -356,92 +182,6 @@
     kDexAnnotationValueArgShift = 5,
   };
 
-  struct AnnotationsDirectoryItem {
-    uint32_t class_annotations_off_;
-    uint32_t fields_size_;
-    uint32_t methods_size_;
-    uint32_t parameters_size_;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationsDirectoryItem);
-  };
-
-  struct FieldAnnotationsItem {
-    uint32_t field_idx_;
-    uint32_t annotations_off_;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FieldAnnotationsItem);
-  };
-
-  struct MethodAnnotationsItem {
-    uint32_t method_idx_;
-    uint32_t annotations_off_;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodAnnotationsItem);
-  };
-
-  struct ParameterAnnotationsItem {
-    uint32_t method_idx_;
-    uint32_t annotations_off_;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ParameterAnnotationsItem);
-  };
-
-  struct AnnotationSetRefItem {
-    uint32_t annotations_off_;
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetRefItem);
-  };
-
-  struct AnnotationSetRefList {
-    uint32_t size_;
-    AnnotationSetRefItem list_[1];
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetRefList);
-  };
-
-  struct AnnotationSetItem {
-    uint32_t size_;
-    uint32_t entries_[1];
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetItem);
-  };
-
-  struct AnnotationItem {
-    uint8_t visibility_;
-    uint8_t annotation_[1];
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationItem);
-  };
-
-  struct HiddenapiClassData {
-    uint32_t size_;             // total size of the item
-    uint32_t flags_offset_[1];  // array of offsets from the beginning of this item,
-                                // indexed by class def index
-
-    // Returns a pointer to the beginning of a uleb128-stream of hiddenapi
-    // flags for a class def of given index. Values are in the same order
-    // as fields/methods in the class data. Returns null if the class does
-    // not have class data.
-    const uint8_t* GetFlagsPointer(uint32_t class_def_idx) const {
-      if (flags_offset_[class_def_idx] == 0) {
-        return nullptr;
-      } else {
-        return reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this) + flags_offset_[class_def_idx];
-      }
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(HiddenapiClassData);
-  };
-
   enum AnnotationResultStyle {  // private
     kAllObjects,
     kPrimitivesOrObjects,
@@ -496,25 +236,26 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the StringId at the specified index.
-  const StringId& GetStringId(dex::StringIndex idx) const {
+  const dex::StringId& GetStringId(dex::StringIndex idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx.index_, NumStringIds()) << GetLocation();
     return string_ids_[idx.index_];
   }
 
-  dex::StringIndex GetIndexForStringId(const StringId& string_id) const {
+  dex::StringIndex GetIndexForStringId(const dex::StringId& string_id) const {
     CHECK_GE(&string_id, string_ids_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&string_id, string_ids_ + header_->string_ids_size_) << GetLocation();
     return dex::StringIndex(&string_id - string_ids_);
   }
 
-  int32_t GetStringLength(const StringId& string_id) const;
+  int32_t GetStringLength(const dex::StringId& string_id) const;
 
   // Returns a pointer to the UTF-8 string data referred to by the given string_id as well as the
   // length of the string when decoded as a UTF-16 string. Note the UTF-16 length is not the same
   // as the string length of the string data.
-  const char* GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(const StringId& string_id, uint32_t* utf16_length) const;
+  const char* GetStringDataAndUtf16Length(const dex::StringId& string_id,
+                                          uint32_t* utf16_length) const;
 
-  const char* GetStringData(const StringId& string_id) const;
+  const char* GetStringData(const dex::StringId& string_id) const;
 
   // Index version of GetStringDataAndUtf16Length.
   const char* StringDataAndUtf16LengthByIdx(dex::StringIndex idx, uint32_t* utf16_length) const;
@@ -522,9 +263,9 @@
   const char* StringDataByIdx(dex::StringIndex idx) const;
 
   // Looks up a string id for a given modified utf8 string.
-  const StringId* FindStringId(const char* string) const;
+  const dex::StringId* FindStringId(const char* string) const;
 
-  const TypeId* FindTypeId(const char* string) const;
+  const dex::TypeId* FindTypeId(const char* string) const;
 
   // Returns the number of type identifiers in the .dex file.
   uint32_t NumTypeIds() const {
@@ -537,12 +278,12 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the TypeId at the specified index.
-  const TypeId& GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex idx) const {
+  const dex::TypeId& GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx.index_, NumTypeIds()) << GetLocation();
     return type_ids_[idx.index_];
   }
 
-  dex::TypeIndex GetIndexForTypeId(const TypeId& type_id) const {
+  dex::TypeIndex GetIndexForTypeId(const dex::TypeId& type_id) const {
     CHECK_GE(&type_id, type_ids_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&type_id, type_ids_ + header_->type_ids_size_) << GetLocation();
     size_t result = &type_id - type_ids_;
@@ -556,10 +297,10 @@
   const char* StringByTypeIdx(dex::TypeIndex idx) const;
 
   // Returns the type descriptor string of a type id.
-  const char* GetTypeDescriptor(const TypeId& type_id) const;
+  const char* GetTypeDescriptor(const dex::TypeId& type_id) const;
 
   // Looks up a type for the given string index
-  const TypeId* FindTypeId(dex::StringIndex string_idx) const;
+  const dex::TypeId* FindTypeId(dex::StringIndex string_idx) const;
 
   // Returns the number of field identifiers in the .dex file.
   size_t NumFieldIds() const {
@@ -568,38 +309,38 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the FieldId at the specified index.
-  const FieldId& GetFieldId(uint32_t idx) const {
+  const dex::FieldId& GetFieldId(uint32_t idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx, NumFieldIds()) << GetLocation();
     return field_ids_[idx];
   }
 
-  uint32_t GetIndexForFieldId(const FieldId& field_id) const {
+  uint32_t GetIndexForFieldId(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const {
     CHECK_GE(&field_id, field_ids_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&field_id, field_ids_ + header_->field_ids_size_) << GetLocation();
     return &field_id - field_ids_;
   }
 
   // Looks up a field by its declaring class, name and type
-  const FieldId* FindFieldId(const DexFile::TypeId& declaring_klass,
-                             const DexFile::StringId& name,
-                             const DexFile::TypeId& type) const;
+  const dex::FieldId* FindFieldId(const dex::TypeId& declaring_klass,
+                                  const dex::StringId& name,
+                                  const dex::TypeId& type) const;
 
-  uint32_t FindCodeItemOffset(const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+  uint32_t FindCodeItemOffset(const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                               uint32_t dex_method_idx) const;
 
-  virtual uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const DexFile::CodeItem& disk_code_item) const = 0;
+  virtual uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const dex::CodeItem& disk_code_item) const = 0;
 
   // Returns the declaring class descriptor string of a field id.
-  const char* GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(const FieldId& field_id) const {
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(field_id.class_idx_);
+  const char* GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const {
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = GetTypeId(field_id.class_idx_);
     return GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
   }
 
   // Returns the class descriptor string of a field id.
-  const char* GetFieldTypeDescriptor(const FieldId& field_id) const;
+  const char* GetFieldTypeDescriptor(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const;
 
   // Returns the name of a field id.
-  const char* GetFieldName(const FieldId& field_id) const;
+  const char* GetFieldName(const dex::FieldId& field_id) const;
 
   // Returns the number of method identifiers in the .dex file.
   size_t NumMethodIds() const {
@@ -608,47 +349,47 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the MethodId at the specified index.
-  const MethodId& GetMethodId(uint32_t idx) const {
+  const dex::MethodId& GetMethodId(uint32_t idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx, NumMethodIds()) << GetLocation();
     return method_ids_[idx];
   }
 
-  uint32_t GetIndexForMethodId(const MethodId& method_id) const {
+  uint32_t GetIndexForMethodId(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const {
     CHECK_GE(&method_id, method_ids_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&method_id, method_ids_ + header_->method_ids_size_) << GetLocation();
     return &method_id - method_ids_;
   }
 
   // Looks up a method by its declaring class, name and proto_id
-  const MethodId* FindMethodId(const DexFile::TypeId& declaring_klass,
-                               const DexFile::StringId& name,
-                               const DexFile::ProtoId& signature) const;
+  const dex::MethodId* FindMethodId(const dex::TypeId& declaring_klass,
+                                    const dex::StringId& name,
+                                    const dex::ProtoId& signature) const;
 
   // Returns the declaring class descriptor string of a method id.
-  const char* GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(const MethodId& method_id) const;
+  const char* GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const;
 
   // Returns the prototype of a method id.
-  const ProtoId& GetMethodPrototype(const MethodId& method_id) const {
+  const dex::ProtoId& GetMethodPrototype(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const {
     return GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_);
   }
 
   // Returns a representation of the signature of a method id.
-  const Signature GetMethodSignature(const MethodId& method_id) const;
+  const Signature GetMethodSignature(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const;
 
   // Returns a representation of the signature of a proto id.
-  const Signature GetProtoSignature(const ProtoId& proto_id) const;
+  const Signature GetProtoSignature(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const;
 
   // Returns the name of a method id.
-  const char* GetMethodName(const MethodId& method_id) const;
-  const char* GetMethodName(const MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* utf_length) const;
+  const char* GetMethodName(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const;
+  const char* GetMethodName(const dex::MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* utf_length) const;
   const char* GetMethodName(uint32_t idx, uint32_t* utf_length) const;
 
   // Returns the shorty of a method by its index.
   const char* GetMethodShorty(uint32_t idx) const;
 
   // Returns the shorty of a method id.
-  const char* GetMethodShorty(const MethodId& method_id) const;
-  const char* GetMethodShorty(const MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* length) const;
+  const char* GetMethodShorty(const dex::MethodId& method_id) const;
+  const char* GetMethodShorty(const dex::MethodId& method_id, uint32_t* length) const;
 
   // Returns the number of class definitions in the .dex file.
   uint32_t NumClassDefs() const {
@@ -657,32 +398,32 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the ClassDef at the specified index.
-  const ClassDef& GetClassDef(uint16_t idx) const {
+  const dex::ClassDef& GetClassDef(uint16_t idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx, NumClassDefs()) << GetLocation();
     return class_defs_[idx];
   }
 
-  uint16_t GetIndexForClassDef(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
+  uint16_t GetIndexForClassDef(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
     CHECK_GE(&class_def, class_defs_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&class_def, class_defs_ + header_->class_defs_size_) << GetLocation();
     return &class_def - class_defs_;
   }
 
   // Returns the class descriptor string of a class definition.
-  const char* GetClassDescriptor(const ClassDef& class_def) const;
+  const char* GetClassDescriptor(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const;
 
   // Looks up a class definition by its type index.
-  const ClassDef* FindClassDef(dex::TypeIndex type_idx) const;
+  const dex::ClassDef* FindClassDef(dex::TypeIndex type_idx) const;
 
-  const TypeList* GetInterfacesList(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
-    return DataPointer<TypeList>(class_def.interfaces_off_);
+  const dex::TypeList* GetInterfacesList(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::TypeList>(class_def.interfaces_off_);
   }
 
   uint32_t NumMethodHandles() const {
     return num_method_handles_;
   }
 
-  const MethodHandleItem& GetMethodHandle(uint32_t idx) const {
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem& GetMethodHandle(uint32_t idx) const {
     CHECK_LT(idx, NumMethodHandles());
     return method_handles_[idx];
   }
@@ -691,23 +432,23 @@
     return num_call_site_ids_;
   }
 
-  const CallSiteIdItem& GetCallSiteId(uint32_t idx) const {
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem& GetCallSiteId(uint32_t idx) const {
     CHECK_LT(idx, NumCallSiteIds());
     return call_site_ids_[idx];
   }
 
   // Returns a pointer to the raw memory mapped class_data_item
-  const uint8_t* GetClassData(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
+  const uint8_t* GetClassData(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
     return DataPointer<uint8_t>(class_def.class_data_off_);
   }
 
   // Return the code item for a provided offset.
-  const CodeItem* GetCodeItem(const uint32_t code_off) const {
+  const dex::CodeItem* GetCodeItem(const uint32_t code_off) const {
     // May be null for native or abstract methods.
-    return DataPointer<CodeItem>(code_off);
+    return DataPointer<dex::CodeItem>(code_off);
   }
 
-  const char* GetReturnTypeDescriptor(const ProtoId& proto_id) const;
+  const char* GetReturnTypeDescriptor(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const;
 
   // Returns the number of prototype identifiers in the .dex file.
   size_t NumProtoIds() const {
@@ -716,23 +457,23 @@
   }
 
   // Returns the ProtoId at the specified index.
-  const ProtoId& GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx) const {
+  const dex::ProtoId& GetProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx) const {
     DCHECK_LT(idx.index_, NumProtoIds()) << GetLocation();
     return proto_ids_[idx.index_];
   }
 
-  dex::ProtoIndex GetIndexForProtoId(const ProtoId& proto_id) const {
+  dex::ProtoIndex GetIndexForProtoId(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const {
     CHECK_GE(&proto_id, proto_ids_) << GetLocation();
     CHECK_LT(&proto_id, proto_ids_ + header_->proto_ids_size_) << GetLocation();
     return dex::ProtoIndex(&proto_id - proto_ids_);
   }
 
   // Looks up a proto id for a given return type and signature type list
-  const ProtoId* FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
-                             const dex::TypeIndex* signature_type_idxs,
+  const dex::ProtoId* FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
+                                  const dex::TypeIndex* signature_type_idxs,
                              uint32_t signature_length) const;
-  const ProtoId* FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
-                             const std::vector<dex::TypeIndex>& signature_type_idxs) const {
+  const dex::ProtoId* FindProtoId(dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx,
+                                  const std::vector<dex::TypeIndex>& signature_type_idxs) const {
     return FindProtoId(return_type_idx, &signature_type_idxs[0], signature_type_idxs.size());
   }
 
@@ -748,21 +489,22 @@
   // Returns the short form method descriptor for the given prototype.
   const char* GetShorty(dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx) const;
 
-  const TypeList* GetProtoParameters(const ProtoId& proto_id) const {
-    return DataPointer<TypeList>(proto_id.parameters_off_);
+  const dex::TypeList* GetProtoParameters(const dex::ProtoId& proto_id) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::TypeList>(proto_id.parameters_off_);
   }
 
-  const uint8_t* GetEncodedStaticFieldValuesArray(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
+  const uint8_t* GetEncodedStaticFieldValuesArray(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
     return DataPointer<uint8_t>(class_def.static_values_off_);
   }
 
-  const uint8_t* GetCallSiteEncodedValuesArray(const CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id) const {
+  const uint8_t* GetCallSiteEncodedValuesArray(const dex::CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id) const {
     return DataBegin() + call_site_id.data_off_;
   }
 
   dex::ProtoIndex GetProtoIndexForCallSite(uint32_t call_site_idx) const;
 
-  static const TryItem* GetTryItems(const DexInstructionIterator& code_item_end, uint32_t offset);
+  static const dex::TryItem* GetTryItems(const DexInstructionIterator& code_item_end,
+                                         uint32_t offset);
 
   // Get the base of the encoded data for the given DexCode.
   static const uint8_t* GetCatchHandlerData(const DexInstructionIterator& code_item_end,
@@ -770,7 +512,7 @@
                                             uint32_t offset);
 
   // Find which try region is associated with the given address (ie dex pc). Returns -1 if none.
-  static int32_t FindTryItem(const TryItem* try_items, uint32_t tries_size, uint32_t address);
+  static int32_t FindTryItem(const dex::TryItem* try_items, uint32_t tries_size, uint32_t address);
 
   // Get the pointer to the start of the debugging data
   const uint8_t* GetDebugInfoStream(uint32_t debug_info_off) const {
@@ -807,76 +549,83 @@
   // Callback for "new locals table entry".
   typedef void (*DexDebugNewLocalCb)(void* context, const LocalInfo& entry);
 
-  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* GetAnnotationsDirectory(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationsDirectoryItem>(class_def.annotations_off_);
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* GetAnnotationsDirectory(const dex::ClassDef& class_def)
+      const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem>(class_def.annotations_off_);
   }
 
-  const AnnotationSetItem* GetClassAnnotationSet(const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationSetItem>(anno_dir->class_annotations_off_);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* GetClassAnnotationSet(const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir)
+      const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationSetItem>(anno_dir->class_annotations_off_);
   }
 
-  const FieldAnnotationsItem* GetFieldAnnotations(const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir) const {
+  const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* GetFieldAnnotations(
+      const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir) const {
     return (anno_dir->fields_size_ == 0)
          ? nullptr
-         : reinterpret_cast<const FieldAnnotationsItem*>(&anno_dir[1]);
+         : reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem*>(&anno_dir[1]);
   }
 
-  const MethodAnnotationsItem* GetMethodAnnotations(const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir)
-      const {
+  const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* GetMethodAnnotations(
+      const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir) const {
     if (anno_dir->methods_size_ == 0) {
       return nullptr;
     }
     // Skip past the header and field annotations.
     const uint8_t* addr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&anno_dir[1]);
-    addr += anno_dir->fields_size_ * sizeof(FieldAnnotationsItem);
-    return reinterpret_cast<const MethodAnnotationsItem*>(addr);
+    addr += anno_dir->fields_size_ * sizeof(dex::FieldAnnotationsItem);
+    return reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem*>(addr);
   }
 
-  const ParameterAnnotationsItem* GetParameterAnnotations(const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir)
-      const {
+  const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* GetParameterAnnotations(
+      const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* anno_dir) const {
     if (anno_dir->parameters_size_ == 0) {
       return nullptr;
     }
     // Skip past the header, field annotations, and method annotations.
     const uint8_t* addr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&anno_dir[1]);
-    addr += anno_dir->fields_size_ * sizeof(FieldAnnotationsItem);
-    addr += anno_dir->methods_size_ * sizeof(MethodAnnotationsItem);
-    return reinterpret_cast<const ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(addr);
+    addr += anno_dir->fields_size_ * sizeof(dex::FieldAnnotationsItem);
+    addr += anno_dir->methods_size_ * sizeof(dex::MethodAnnotationsItem);
+    return reinterpret_cast<const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(addr);
   }
 
-  const AnnotationSetItem* GetFieldAnnotationSetItem(const FieldAnnotationsItem& anno_item) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item.annotations_off_);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* GetFieldAnnotationSetItem(
+      const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem& anno_item) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item.annotations_off_);
   }
 
-  const AnnotationSetItem* GetMethodAnnotationSetItem(const MethodAnnotationsItem& anno_item)
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* GetMethodAnnotationSetItem(
+      const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem& anno_item) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item.annotations_off_);
+  }
+
+  const dex::AnnotationSetRefList* GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(
+      const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* anno_item) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationSetRefList>(anno_item->annotations_off_);
+  }
+
+  ALWAYS_INLINE const dex::AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItemAtOffset(uint32_t offset) const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationItem>(offset);
+  }
+
+  ALWAYS_INLINE const dex::HiddenapiClassData* GetHiddenapiClassDataAtOffset(uint32_t offset)
       const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item.annotations_off_);
+    return DataPointer<dex::HiddenapiClassData>(offset);
   }
 
-  const AnnotationSetRefList* GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(
-      const ParameterAnnotationsItem* anno_item) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationSetRefList>(anno_item->annotations_off_);
-  }
-
-  ALWAYS_INLINE const AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItemAtOffset(uint32_t offset) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationItem>(offset);
-  }
-
-  ALWAYS_INLINE const HiddenapiClassData* GetHiddenapiClassDataAtOffset(uint32_t offset) const {
-    return DataPointer<HiddenapiClassData>(offset);
-  }
-
-  ALWAYS_INLINE const HiddenapiClassData* GetHiddenapiClassData() const {
+  ALWAYS_INLINE const dex::HiddenapiClassData* GetHiddenapiClassData() const {
     return hiddenapi_class_data_;
   }
 
-  const AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItem(const AnnotationSetItem* set_item, uint32_t index) const {
+  const dex::AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItem(const dex::AnnotationSetItem* set_item,
+                                               uint32_t index) const {
     DCHECK_LE(index, set_item->size_);
     return GetAnnotationItemAtOffset(set_item->entries_[index]);
   }
 
-  const AnnotationSetItem* GetSetRefItemItem(const AnnotationSetRefItem* anno_item) const {
-    return DataPointer<AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item->annotations_off_);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* GetSetRefItemItem(const dex::AnnotationSetRefItem* anno_item)
+      const {
+    return DataPointer<dex::AnnotationSetItem>(anno_item->annotations_off_);
   }
 
   // Debug info opcodes and constants
@@ -925,7 +674,7 @@
                                       const IndexToStringData& index_to_string_data,
                                       const DexDebugNewPosition& position_functor);
 
-  const char* GetSourceFile(const ClassDef& class_def) const {
+  const char* GetSourceFile(const dex::ClassDef& class_def) const {
     if (!class_def.source_file_idx_.IsValid()) {
       return nullptr;
     } else {
@@ -973,8 +722,8 @@
   }
 
   // Read MapItems and validate/set remaining offsets.
-  const DexFile::MapList* GetMapList() const {
-    return reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MapList*>(DataBegin() + header_->map_off_);
+  const dex::MapList* GetMapList() const {
+    return reinterpret_cast<const dex::MapList*>(DataBegin() + header_->map_off_);
   }
 
   // Utility methods for reading integral values from a buffer.
@@ -1078,38 +827,38 @@
   const Header* const header_;
 
   // Points to the base of the string identifier list.
-  const StringId* const string_ids_;
+  const dex::StringId* const string_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the type identifier list.
-  const TypeId* const type_ids_;
+  const dex::TypeId* const type_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the field identifier list.
-  const FieldId* const field_ids_;
+  const dex::FieldId* const field_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the method identifier list.
-  const MethodId* const method_ids_;
+  const dex::MethodId* const method_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the prototype identifier list.
-  const ProtoId* const proto_ids_;
+  const dex::ProtoId* const proto_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the class definition list.
-  const ClassDef* const class_defs_;
+  const dex::ClassDef* const class_defs_;
 
   // Points to the base of the method handles list.
-  const MethodHandleItem* method_handles_;
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem* method_handles_;
 
   // Number of elements in the method handles list.
   size_t num_method_handles_;
 
   // Points to the base of the call sites id list.
-  const CallSiteIdItem* call_site_ids_;
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem* call_site_ids_;
 
   // Number of elements in the call sites list.
   size_t num_call_site_ids_;
 
   // Points to the base of the hiddenapi class data item_, or nullptr if the dex
   // file does not have one.
-  const HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data_;
+  const dex::HiddenapiClassData* hiddenapi_class_data_;
 
   // If this dex file was loaded from an oat file, oat_dex_file_ contains a
   // pointer to the OatDexFile it was loaded from. Otherwise oat_dex_file_ is
@@ -1135,7 +884,7 @@
 // Iterate over a dex file's ProtoId's paramters
 class DexFileParameterIterator {
  public:
-  DexFileParameterIterator(const DexFile& dex_file, const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id)
+  DexFileParameterIterator(const DexFile& dex_file, const dex::ProtoId& proto_id)
       : dex_file_(dex_file) {
     type_list_ = dex_file_.GetProtoParameters(proto_id);
     if (type_list_ != nullptr) {
@@ -1153,7 +902,7 @@
   }
  private:
   const DexFile& dex_file_;
-  const DexFile::TypeList* type_list_ = nullptr;
+  const dex::TypeList* type_list_ = nullptr;
   uint32_t size_ = 0;
   uint32_t pos_ = 0;
   DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(DexFileParameterIterator);
@@ -1179,7 +928,7 @@
   bool operator==(const StringPiece& rhs) const;
 
  private:
-  Signature(const DexFile* dex, const DexFile::ProtoId& proto) : dex_file_(dex), proto_id_(&proto) {
+  Signature(const DexFile* dex, const dex::ProtoId& proto) : dex_file_(dex), proto_id_(&proto) {
   }
 
   Signature() = default;
@@ -1187,7 +936,7 @@
   friend class DexFile;
 
   const DexFile* const dex_file_ = nullptr;
-  const DexFile::ProtoId* const proto_id_ = nullptr;
+  const dex::ProtoId* const proto_id_ = nullptr;
 };
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Signature& sig);
 
@@ -1242,7 +991,7 @@
 class EncodedStaticFieldValueIterator : public EncodedArrayValueIterator {
  public:
   EncodedStaticFieldValueIterator(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def)
+                                  const dex::ClassDef& class_def)
       : EncodedArrayValueIterator(dex_file,
                                   dex_file.GetEncodedStaticFieldValuesArray(class_def))
   {}
@@ -1255,7 +1004,7 @@
 class CallSiteArrayValueIterator : public EncodedArrayValueIterator {
  public:
   CallSiteArrayValueIterator(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                             const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id)
+                             const dex::CallSiteIdItem& call_site_id)
       : EncodedArrayValueIterator(dex_file,
                                   dex_file.GetCallSiteEncodedValuesArray(call_site_id))
   {}
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.cc
index 8e597fd..72b2554 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "dex_file_exception_helpers.h"
 
 #include "code_item_accessors-inl.h"
+#include "dex_file_structs.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@
     case 0:
       break;
     case 1: {
-      const DexFile::TryItem* tries = accessor.TryItems().begin();
+      const dex::TryItem* tries = accessor.TryItems().begin();
       uint32_t start = tries->start_addr_;
       if (address >= start) {
         uint32_t end = start + tries->insn_count_;
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      const DexFile::TryItem* try_item = accessor.FindTryItem(address);
+      const dex::TryItem* try_item = accessor.FindTryItem(address);
       offset = try_item != nullptr ? try_item->handler_off_ : -1;
       break;
     }
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@
 }
 
 CatchHandlerIterator::CatchHandlerIterator(const CodeItemDataAccessor& accessor,
-                                           const DexFile::TryItem& try_item) {
+                                           const dex::TryItem& try_item) {
   handler_.address_ = -1;
   Init(accessor, try_item.handler_off_);
 }
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.h b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.h
index a05fd68..08127c8 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_exception_helpers.h
@@ -17,17 +17,23 @@
 #ifndef ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_DEX_FILE_EXCEPTION_HELPERS_H_
 #define ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_DEX_FILE_EXCEPTION_HELPERS_H_
 
-#include "dex_file.h"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include "dex_file_types.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct TryItem;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 class CodeItemDataAccessor;
 
 class CatchHandlerIterator {
  public:
   CatchHandlerIterator(const CodeItemDataAccessor& accessor, uint32_t address);
 
-  CatchHandlerIterator(const CodeItemDataAccessor& accessor, const DexFile::TryItem& try_item);
+  CatchHandlerIterator(const CodeItemDataAccessor& accessor, const dex::TryItem& try_item);
 
   explicit CatchHandlerIterator(const uint8_t* handler_data) {
     Init(handler_data);
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_loader_test.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_loader_test.cc
index 9c61d1a..8b7ca17 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_loader_test.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_loader_test.cc
@@ -487,10 +487,9 @@
                                                                  0xf25f2b38U,
                                                                  true,
                                                                  &dex_bytes);
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = raw->GetClassDef(0);
+  const dex::ClassDef& class_def = raw->GetClassDef(0);
   constexpr uint32_t kMethodIdx = 1;
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = raw->GetCodeItem(raw->FindCodeItemOffset(class_def,
-                                                                                kMethodIdx));
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item = raw->GetCodeItem(raw->FindCodeItemOffset(class_def, kMethodIdx));
   CodeItemDebugInfoAccessor accessor(*raw, code_item, kMethodIdx);
   ASSERT_TRUE(accessor.DecodeDebugLocalInfo(true, 1, VoidFunctor()));
 }
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_structs.h b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_structs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d252270
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_structs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_DEX_FILE_STRUCTS_H_
+#define ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_DEX_FILE_STRUCTS_H_
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+
+#include "dex_file_types.h"
+#include "modifiers.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class DexWriter;
+
+namespace dex {
+
+struct MapItem {
+  uint16_t type_;
+  uint16_t unused_;
+  uint32_t size_;
+  uint32_t offset_;
+};
+
+struct MapList {
+  uint32_t size_;
+  MapItem list_[1];
+
+  size_t Size() const { return sizeof(uint32_t) + (size_ * sizeof(MapItem)); }
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MapList);
+};
+
+// Raw string_id_item.
+struct StringId {
+  uint32_t string_data_off_;  // offset in bytes from the base address
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(StringId);
+};
+
+// Raw type_id_item.
+struct TypeId {
+  dex::StringIndex descriptor_idx_;  // index into string_ids
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeId);
+};
+
+// Raw field_id_item.
+struct FieldId {
+  dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;   // index into type_ids_ array for defining class
+  dex::TypeIndex type_idx_;    // index into type_ids_ array for field type
+  dex::StringIndex name_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ array for field name
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FieldId);
+};
+
+// Raw proto_id_item.
+struct ProtoId {
+  dex::StringIndex shorty_idx_;     // index into string_ids array for shorty descriptor
+  dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx_;  // index into type_ids array for return type
+  uint16_t pad_;                    // padding = 0
+  uint32_t parameters_off_;         // file offset to type_list for parameter types
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ProtoId);
+};
+
+// Raw method_id_item.
+struct MethodId {
+  dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;   // index into type_ids_ array for defining class
+  dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx_;  // index into proto_ids_ array for method prototype
+  dex::StringIndex name_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ array for method name
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodId);
+};
+
+// Base code_item, compact dex and standard dex have different code item layouts.
+struct CodeItem {
+ protected:
+  CodeItem() = default;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CodeItem);
+};
+
+// Raw class_def_item.
+struct ClassDef {
+  dex::TypeIndex class_idx_;  // index into type_ids_ array for this class
+  uint16_t pad1_;  // padding = 0
+  uint32_t access_flags_;
+  dex::TypeIndex superclass_idx_;  // index into type_ids_ array for superclass
+  uint16_t pad2_;  // padding = 0
+  uint32_t interfaces_off_;  // file offset to TypeList
+  dex::StringIndex source_file_idx_;  // index into string_ids_ for source file name
+  uint32_t annotations_off_;  // file offset to annotations_directory_item
+  uint32_t class_data_off_;  // file offset to class_data_item
+  uint32_t static_values_off_;  // file offset to EncodedArray
+
+  // Returns the valid access flags, that is, Java modifier bits relevant to the ClassDef type
+  // (class or interface). These are all in the lower 16b and do not contain runtime flags.
+  uint32_t GetJavaAccessFlags() const {
+    // Make sure that none of our runtime-only flags are set.
+    static_assert((kAccValidClassFlags & kAccJavaFlagsMask) == kAccValidClassFlags,
+                  "Valid class flags not a subset of Java flags");
+    static_assert((kAccValidInterfaceFlags & kAccJavaFlagsMask) == kAccValidInterfaceFlags,
+                  "Valid interface flags not a subset of Java flags");
+
+    if ((access_flags_ & kAccInterface) != 0) {
+      // Interface.
+      return access_flags_ & kAccValidInterfaceFlags;
+    } else {
+      // Class.
+      return access_flags_ & kAccValidClassFlags;
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ClassDef);
+};
+
+// Raw type_item.
+struct TypeItem {
+  dex::TypeIndex type_idx_;  // index into type_ids section
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeItem);
+};
+
+// Raw type_list.
+class TypeList {
+ public:
+  uint32_t Size() const {
+    return size_;
+  }
+
+  const TypeItem& GetTypeItem(uint32_t idx) const {
+    DCHECK_LT(idx, this->size_);
+    return this->list_[idx];
+  }
+
+  // Size in bytes of the part of the list that is common.
+  static constexpr size_t GetHeaderSize() {
+    return 4U;
+  }
+
+  // Size in bytes of the whole type list including all the stored elements.
+  static constexpr size_t GetListSize(size_t count) {
+    return GetHeaderSize() + sizeof(TypeItem) * count;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  uint32_t size_;  // size of the list, in entries
+  TypeItem list_[1];  // elements of the list
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TypeList);
+};
+
+// raw method_handle_item
+struct MethodHandleItem {
+  uint16_t method_handle_type_;
+  uint16_t reserved1_;            // Reserved for future use.
+  uint16_t field_or_method_idx_;  // Field index for accessors, method index otherwise.
+  uint16_t reserved2_;            // Reserved for future use.
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodHandleItem);
+};
+
+// raw call_site_id_item
+struct CallSiteIdItem {
+  uint32_t data_off_;  // Offset into data section pointing to encoded array items.
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CallSiteIdItem);
+};
+
+// Raw try_item.
+struct TryItem {
+  static constexpr size_t kAlignment = sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+  uint32_t start_addr_;
+  uint16_t insn_count_;
+  uint16_t handler_off_;
+
+ private:
+  TryItem() = default;
+  friend class ::art::DexWriter;
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TryItem);
+};
+
+struct AnnotationsDirectoryItem {
+  uint32_t class_annotations_off_;
+  uint32_t fields_size_;
+  uint32_t methods_size_;
+  uint32_t parameters_size_;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationsDirectoryItem);
+};
+
+struct FieldAnnotationsItem {
+  uint32_t field_idx_;
+  uint32_t annotations_off_;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(FieldAnnotationsItem);
+};
+
+struct MethodAnnotationsItem {
+  uint32_t method_idx_;
+  uint32_t annotations_off_;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MethodAnnotationsItem);
+};
+
+struct ParameterAnnotationsItem {
+  uint32_t method_idx_;
+  uint32_t annotations_off_;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ParameterAnnotationsItem);
+};
+
+struct AnnotationSetRefItem {
+  uint32_t annotations_off_;
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetRefItem);
+};
+
+struct AnnotationSetRefList {
+  uint32_t size_;
+  AnnotationSetRefItem list_[1];
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetRefList);
+};
+
+struct AnnotationSetItem {
+  uint32_t size_;
+  uint32_t entries_[1];
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationSetItem);
+};
+
+struct AnnotationItem {
+  uint8_t visibility_;
+  uint8_t annotation_[1];
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AnnotationItem);
+};
+
+struct HiddenapiClassData {
+  uint32_t size_;             // total size of the item
+  uint32_t flags_offset_[1];  // array of offsets from the beginning of this item,
+                              // indexed by class def index
+
+  // Returns a pointer to the beginning of a uleb128-stream of hiddenapi
+  // flags for a class def of given index. Values are in the same order
+  // as fields/methods in the class data. Returns null if the class does
+  // not have class data.
+  const uint8_t* GetFlagsPointer(uint32_t class_def_idx) const {
+    if (flags_offset_[class_def_idx] == 0) {
+      return nullptr;
+    } else {
+      return reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this) + flags_offset_[class_def_idx];
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(HiddenapiClassData);
+};
+
+}  // namespace dex
+}  // namespace art
+
+#endif  // ART_LIBDEXFILE_DEX_DEX_FILE_STRUCTS_H_
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_tracking_registrar.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_tracking_registrar.cc
index 29ff6be..1903dc9 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_tracking_registrar.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_tracking_registrar.cc
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetAllCodeItemRegistration(bool should_poison) {
   for (ClassAccessor accessor : dex_file_->GetClasses()) {
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
       if (code_item != nullptr) {
         const void* code_item_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(code_item);
         size_t code_item_size = dex_file_->GetCodeItemSize(*code_item);
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetAllCodeItemStartRegistration(bool should_poison) {
   for (ClassAccessor class_accessor : dex_file_->GetClasses()) {
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : class_accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
       if (code_item != nullptr) {
         const void* code_item_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(code_item);
         size_t code_item_start = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(code_item);
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetAllInsnsRegistration(bool should_poison) {
   for (ClassAccessor class_accessor : dex_file_->GetClasses()) {
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : class_accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
       if (code_item != nullptr) {
         CodeItemInstructionAccessor accessor(*dex_file_, code_item);
         const void* insns_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(accessor.Insns());
@@ -204,9 +204,9 @@
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetCodeItemRegistration(const char* class_name, bool should_poison) {
   for (ClassAccessor accessor : dex_file_->GetClasses()) {
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::MethodId& methodid_item = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+      const dex::MethodId& methodid_item = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
       const char * methodid_name = dex_file_->GetMethodName(methodid_item);
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
       if (code_item != nullptr && strcmp(methodid_name, class_name) == 0) {
         const void* code_item_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(code_item);
         size_t code_item_size = dex_file_->GetCodeItemSize(*code_item);
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetAllStringDataStartRegistration(bool should_poison) {
   for (size_t stringid_ctr = 0; stringid_ctr < dex_file_->NumStringIds(); ++stringid_ctr) {
-    const DexFile::StringId & string_id = dex_file_->GetStringId(StringIndex(stringid_ctr));
+    const dex::StringId & string_id = dex_file_->GetStringId(StringIndex(stringid_ctr));
     const void* string_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(dex_file_->Begin() + string_id.string_data_off_);
     // Data Section of String Data Item
     const void* string_data_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(dex_file_->GetStringData(string_id));
@@ -229,11 +229,11 @@
 
 void DexFileTrackingRegistrar::SetAllStringDataRegistration(bool should_poison) {
   size_t map_offset = dex_file_->GetHeader().map_off_;
-  auto map_list = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MapList*>(dex_file_->Begin() + map_offset);
+  auto map_list = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MapList*>(dex_file_->Begin() + map_offset);
   for (size_t map_ctr = 0; map_ctr < map_list->size_; ++map_ctr) {
-    const DexFile::MapItem& map_item = map_list->list_[map_ctr];
+    const dex::MapItem& map_item = map_list->list_[map_ctr];
     if (map_item.type_ == DexFile::kDexTypeStringDataItem) {
-      const DexFile::MapItem& next_map_item = map_list->list_[map_ctr + 1];
+      const dex::MapItem& next_map_item = map_list->list_[map_ctr + 1];
       const void* string_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(dex_file_->Begin() + map_item.offset_);
       size_t string_data_size = next_map_item.offset_ - map_item.offset_;
       range_values_.push_back(std::make_tuple(string_data_begin, string_data_size, should_poison));
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.cc
index 78e4618..f376c4d 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.cc
@@ -116,22 +116,22 @@
   return CheckLoadStringByIdx(dex_file_->GetTypeId(type_idx).descriptor_idx_, error_string);
 }
 
-const DexFile::FieldId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadFieldId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_string) {
+const dex::FieldId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadFieldId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_string) {
   if (UNLIKELY(!CheckIndex(idx, dex_file_->NumFieldIds(), error_string))) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   return &dex_file_->GetFieldId(idx);
 }
 
-const DexFile::MethodId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadMethodId(uint32_t idx, const char* err_string) {
+const dex::MethodId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadMethodId(uint32_t idx, const char* err_string) {
   if (UNLIKELY(!CheckIndex(idx, dex_file_->NumMethodIds(), err_string))) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   return &dex_file_->GetMethodId(idx);
 }
 
-const DexFile::ProtoId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx,
-                                                          const char* err_string) {
+const dex::ProtoId* DexFileVerifier::CheckLoadProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx,
+                                                      const char* err_string) {
   if (UNLIKELY(!CheckIndex(idx.index_, dex_file_->NumProtoIds(), err_string))) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -154,14 +154,14 @@
 
 // Helper macro to load method id. Return last parameter on error.
 #define LOAD_METHOD(var, idx, error_string, error_stmt)                   \
-  const DexFile::MethodId* (var)  = CheckLoadMethodId(idx, error_string); \
+  const dex::MethodId* (var)  = CheckLoadMethodId(idx, error_string); \
   if (UNLIKELY((var) == nullptr)) {                                       \
     error_stmt;                                                           \
   }
 
 // Helper macro to load method id. Return last parameter on error.
 #define LOAD_FIELD(var, idx, fmt, error_stmt)                 \
-  const DexFile::FieldId* (var) = CheckLoadFieldId(idx, fmt); \
+  const dex::FieldId* (var) = CheckLoadFieldId(idx, fmt); \
   if (UNLIKELY((var) == nullptr)) {                           \
     error_stmt;                                               \
   }
@@ -385,14 +385,13 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckMap() {
-  const DexFile::MapList* map = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MapList*>(begin_ +
-                                                                          header_->map_off_);
+  const dex::MapList* map = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MapList*>(begin_ + header_->map_off_);
   // Check that map list content is available.
-  if (!CheckListSize(map, 1, sizeof(DexFile::MapList), "maplist content")) {
+  if (!CheckListSize(map, 1, sizeof(dex::MapList), "maplist content")) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::MapItem* item = map->list_;
+  const dex::MapItem* item = map->list_;
 
   uint32_t count = map->size_;
   uint32_t last_offset = 0;
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@
   uint32_t used_bits = 0;
 
   // Sanity check the size of the map list.
-  if (!CheckListSize(item, count, sizeof(DexFile::MapItem), "map size")) {
+  if (!CheckListSize(item, count, sizeof(dex::MapItem), "map size")) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -526,8 +525,9 @@
     return false;                                                   \
   }
 
-bool DexFileVerifier::CheckAndGetHandlerOffsets(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
-                                                uint32_t* handler_offsets, uint32_t handlers_size) {
+bool DexFileVerifier::CheckAndGetHandlerOffsets(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                                uint32_t* handler_offsets,
+                                                uint32_t handlers_size) {
   CodeItemDataAccessor accessor(*dex_file_, code_item);
   const uint8_t* handlers_base = accessor.GetCatchHandlerData();
 
@@ -587,8 +587,7 @@
 
   // Check that it's the right class.
   dex::TypeIndex my_class_index =
-      (reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldId*>(begin_ + header_->field_ids_off_) + idx)->
-          class_idx_;
+      (reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldId*>(begin_ + header_->field_ids_off_) + idx)->class_idx_;
   if (class_type_index != my_class_index) {
     ErrorStringPrintf("Field's class index unexpected, %" PRIu16 "vs %" PRIu16,
                       my_class_index.index_,
@@ -625,8 +624,8 @@
     return false;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id =
-      *(reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodId*>(begin_ + header_->method_ids_off_) + idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id =
+      *(reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodId*>(begin_ + header_->method_ids_off_) + idx);
 
   // Check that it's the right class.
   dex::TypeIndex my_class_index = method_id.class_idx_;
@@ -911,7 +910,7 @@
 bool DexFileVerifier::FindClassIndexAndDef(uint32_t index,
                                            bool is_field,
                                            dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                                           const DexFile::ClassDef** output_class_def) {
+                                           const dex::ClassDef** output_class_def) {
   DCHECK(class_type_index != nullptr);
   DCHECK(output_class_def != nullptr);
 
@@ -923,11 +922,11 @@
   // Next get the type index.
   if (is_field) {
     *class_type_index =
-        (reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldId*>(begin_ + header_->field_ids_off_) + index)->
+        (reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldId*>(begin_ + header_->field_ids_off_) + index)->
             class_idx_;
   } else {
     *class_type_index =
-        (reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodId*>(begin_ + header_->method_ids_off_) + index)->
+        (reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodId*>(begin_ + header_->method_ids_off_) + index)->
             class_idx_;
   }
 
@@ -938,10 +937,10 @@
 
   // Now search for the class def. This is basically a specialized version of the DexFile code, as
   // we should not trust that this is a valid DexFile just yet.
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def_begin =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ClassDef*>(begin_ + header_->class_defs_off_);
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def_begin =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::ClassDef*>(begin_ + header_->class_defs_off_);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < header_->class_defs_size_; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = class_def_begin + i;
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = class_def_begin + i;
     if (class_def->class_idx_ == *class_type_index) {
       *output_class_def = class_def;
       return true;
@@ -965,7 +964,7 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool DexFileVerifier::CheckStaticFieldTypes(const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def) {
+bool DexFileVerifier::CheckStaticFieldTypes(const dex::ClassDef* class_def) {
   if (class_def == nullptr) {
     return true;
   }
@@ -978,7 +977,7 @@
       break;
     }
     uint32_t index = field.GetIndex();
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(dex_file_->GetFieldId(index).type_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(dex_file_->GetFieldId(index).type_idx_);
     const char* field_type_name =
         dex_file_->GetStringData(dex_file_->GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_));
     Primitive::Type field_type = Primitive::GetType(field_type_name[0]);
@@ -1069,7 +1068,7 @@
                                                     ClassAccessor::Field* field,
                                                     bool* have_class,
                                                     dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                                                    const DexFile::ClassDef** class_def) {
+                                                    const dex::ClassDef** class_def) {
   DCHECK(field != nullptr);
   constexpr const char* kTypeDescr = kStatic ? "static field" : "instance field";
 
@@ -1121,7 +1120,7 @@
                                                      size_t num_directs,
                                                      bool* have_class,
                                                      dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                                                     const DexFile::ClassDef** class_def) {
+                                                     const dex::ClassDef** class_def) {
   DCHECK(method != nullptr);
   const char* kTypeDescr = method->IsStaticOrDirect() ? "direct method" : "virtual method";
 
@@ -1176,7 +1175,7 @@
   // as the lookup is expensive, cache the result.
   bool have_class = false;
   dex::TypeIndex class_type_index;
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = nullptr;
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = nullptr;
 
   ClassAccessor::Field field(*dex_file_, accessor.ptr_pos_);
   // Check fields.
@@ -1232,8 +1231,8 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckIntraCodeItem() {
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::CodeItem*>(ptr_);
-  if (!CheckListSize(code_item, 1, sizeof(DexFile::CodeItem), "code")) {
+  const dex::CodeItem* code_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::CodeItem*>(ptr_);
+  if (!CheckListSize(code_item, 1, sizeof(dex::CodeItem), "code")) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -1275,8 +1274,8 @@
     return false;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::TryItem* try_items = accessor.TryItems().begin();
-  if (!CheckListSize(try_items, try_items_size, sizeof(DexFile::TryItem), "try_items size")) {
+  const dex::TryItem* try_items = accessor.TryItems().begin();
+  if (!CheckListSize(try_items, try_items_size, sizeof(dex::TryItem), "try_items size")) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -1558,8 +1557,7 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckIntraHiddenapiClassData() {
-  const DexFile::HiddenapiClassData* item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::HiddenapiClassData*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::HiddenapiClassData* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::HiddenapiClassData*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check expected header size.
   uint32_t num_header_elems = dex_file_->NumClassDefs() + 1;
@@ -1586,7 +1584,7 @@
 
   // Check offsets for each class def.
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < dex_file_->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(i);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(i);
     const uint8_t* class_data = dex_file_->GetClassData(class_def);
     uint32_t offset = item->flags_offset_[i];
 
@@ -1659,24 +1657,28 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckIntraAnnotationsDirectoryItem() {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr_);
-  if (!CheckListSize(item, 1, sizeof(DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem), "annotations_directory")) {
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr_);
+  if (!CheckListSize(item, 1, sizeof(dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem), "annotations_directory")) {
     return false;
   }
 
   // Field annotations follow immediately after the annotations directory.
-  const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem*>(item + 1);
+  const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem*>(item + 1);
   uint32_t field_count = item->fields_size_;
-  if (!CheckListSize(field_item, field_count, sizeof(DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem), "field_annotations list")) {
+  if (!CheckListSize(field_item,
+                     field_count,
+                     sizeof(dex::FieldAnnotationsItem),
+                     "field_annotations list")) {
     return false;
   }
 
   uint32_t last_idx = 0;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < field_count; i++) {
     if (UNLIKELY(last_idx >= field_item->field_idx_ && i != 0)) {
-      ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order field_idx for annotation: %x then %x", last_idx, field_item->field_idx_);
+      ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order field_idx for annotation: %x then %x",
+                        last_idx, field_item->field_idx_);
       return false;
     }
     last_idx = field_item->field_idx_;
@@ -1684,10 +1686,13 @@
   }
 
   // Method annotations follow immediately after field annotations.
-  const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem*>(field_item);
+  const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem*>(field_item);
   uint32_t method_count = item->methods_size_;
-  if (!CheckListSize(method_item, method_count, sizeof(DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem), "method_annotations list")) {
+  if (!CheckListSize(method_item,
+                     method_count,
+                     sizeof(dex::MethodAnnotationsItem),
+                     "method_annotations list")) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -1703,10 +1708,10 @@
   }
 
   // Parameter annotations follow immediately after method annotations.
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(method_item);
+  const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(method_item);
   uint32_t parameter_count = item->parameters_size_;
-  if (!CheckListSize(parameter_item, parameter_count, sizeof(DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem),
+  if (!CheckListSize(parameter_item, parameter_count, sizeof(dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem),
                      "parameter_annotations list")) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -1757,69 +1762,69 @@
     const uint8_t* start_ptr = ptr_;
     switch (kType) {
       case DexFile::kDexTypeStringIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::StringId), "string_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::StringId), "string_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::StringId);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::StringId);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeTypeIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::TypeId), "type_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::TypeId), "type_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::TypeId);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::TypeId);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeProtoIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::ProtoId), "proto_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::ProtoId), "proto_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::ProtoId);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::ProtoId);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeFieldIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::FieldId), "field_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::FieldId), "field_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::FieldId);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::FieldId);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeMethodIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::MethodId), "method_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::MethodId), "method_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::MethodId);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::MethodId);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeClassDefItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::ClassDef), "class_defs")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::ClassDef), "class_defs")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::ClassDef);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::ClassDef);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeCallSiteIdItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::CallSiteIdItem), "call_site_ids")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::CallSiteIdItem), "call_site_ids")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::CallSiteIdItem);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::CallSiteIdItem);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeMethodHandleItem: {
-        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(DexFile::MethodHandleItem), "method_handles")) {
+        if (!CheckListSize(ptr_, 1, sizeof(dex::MethodHandleItem), "method_handles")) {
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::MethodHandleItem);
+        ptr_ += sizeof(dex::MethodHandleItem);
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeTypeList: {
-        if (!CheckList(sizeof(DexFile::TypeItem), "type_list", &ptr_)) {
+        if (!CheckList(sizeof(dex::TypeItem), "type_list", &ptr_)) {
           return false;
         }
         break;
       }
       case DexFile::kDexTypeAnnotationSetRefList: {
-        if (!CheckList(sizeof(DexFile::AnnotationSetRefItem), "annotation_set_ref_list", &ptr_)) {
+        if (!CheckList(sizeof(dex::AnnotationSetRefItem), "annotation_set_ref_list", &ptr_)) {
           return false;
         }
         break;
@@ -1986,9 +1991,8 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckIntraSection() {
-  const DexFile::MapList* map =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MapList*>(begin_ + header_->map_off_);
-  const DexFile::MapItem* item = map->list_;
+  const dex::MapList* map = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MapList*>(begin_ + header_->map_off_);
+  const dex::MapItem* item = map->list_;
   size_t offset = 0;
   uint32_t count = map->size_;
   ptr_ = begin_;
@@ -2052,8 +2056,8 @@
                             section_offset, header_->map_off_);
           return false;
         }
-        ptr_ += sizeof(uint32_t) + (map->size_ * sizeof(DexFile::MapItem));
-        offset = section_offset + sizeof(uint32_t) + (map->size_ * sizeof(DexFile::MapItem));
+        ptr_ += sizeof(uint32_t) + (map->size_ * sizeof(dex::MapItem));
+        offset = section_offset + sizeof(uint32_t) + (map->size_ * sizeof(dex::MapItem));
         break;
 
 #define CHECK_INTRA_SECTION_ITERATE_CASE(type)                              \
@@ -2137,26 +2141,26 @@
 
 dex::TypeIndex DexFileVerifier::FindFirstAnnotationsDirectoryDefiner(const uint8_t* ptr,
                                                                      bool* success) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr);
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr);
   *success = true;
 
   if (item->fields_size_ != 0) {
-    DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_items = (DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
+    dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_items = (dex::FieldAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
     LOAD_FIELD(field, field_items[0].field_idx_, "first_annotations_dir_definer field_id",
                *success = false; return dex::TypeIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex16))
     return field->class_idx_;
   }
 
   if (item->methods_size_ != 0) {
-    DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_items = (DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
+    dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_items = (dex::MethodAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
     LOAD_METHOD(method, method_items[0].method_idx_, "first_annotations_dir_definer method id",
                 *success = false; return dex::TypeIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex16))
     return method->class_idx_;
   }
 
   if (item->parameters_size_ != 0) {
-    DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_items = (DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
+    dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_items = (dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem*) (item + 1);
     LOAD_METHOD(method, parameter_items[0].method_idx_, "first_annotations_dir_definer method id",
                 *success = false; return dex::TypeIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex16))
     return method->class_idx_;
@@ -2166,7 +2170,7 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterStringIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::StringId* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::StringId*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::StringId* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::StringId*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check the map to make sure it has the right offset->type.
   if (!CheckOffsetToTypeMap(item->string_data_off_, DexFile::kDexTypeStringDataItem)) {
@@ -2175,7 +2179,7 @@
 
   // Check ordering between items.
   if (previous_item_ != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::StringId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::StringId*>(previous_item_);
+    const dex::StringId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::StringId*>(previous_item_);
     const char* prev_str = dex_file_->GetStringData(*prev_item);
     const char* str = dex_file_->GetStringData(*item);
     if (UNLIKELY(CompareModifiedUtf8ToModifiedUtf8AsUtf16CodePointValues(prev_str, str) >= 0)) {
@@ -2184,12 +2188,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::StringId);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::StringId);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterTypeIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::TypeId* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::TypeId*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::TypeId* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::TypeId*>(ptr_);
 
   LOAD_STRING(descriptor, item->descriptor_idx_, "inter_type_id_item descriptor_idx")
 
@@ -2201,7 +2205,7 @@
 
   // Check ordering between items.
   if (previous_item_ != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::TypeId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::TypeId*>(previous_item_);
+    const dex::TypeId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::TypeId*>(previous_item_);
     if (UNLIKELY(prev_item->descriptor_idx_ >= item->descriptor_idx_)) {
       ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order type_ids: %x then %x",
                         prev_item->descriptor_idx_.index_,
@@ -2210,12 +2214,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::TypeId);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::TypeId);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterProtoIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::ProtoId* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ProtoId*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::ProtoId* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::ProtoId*>(ptr_);
 
   LOAD_STRING(shorty, item->shorty_idx_, "inter_proto_id_item shorty_idx")
 
@@ -2258,7 +2262,7 @@
 
   // Check ordering between items. This relies on type_ids being in order.
   if (previous_item_ != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::ProtoId* prev = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ProtoId*>(previous_item_);
+    const dex::ProtoId* prev = reinterpret_cast<const dex::ProtoId*>(previous_item_);
     if (UNLIKELY(prev->return_type_idx_ > item->return_type_idx_)) {
       ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order proto_id return types");
       return false;
@@ -2291,12 +2295,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::ProtoId);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::ProtoId);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterFieldIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::FieldId* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldId*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::FieldId* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldId*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check that the class descriptor is valid.
   LOAD_STRING_BY_TYPE(class_descriptor, item->class_idx_, "inter_field_id_item class_idx")
@@ -2321,7 +2325,7 @@
 
   // Check ordering between items. This relies on the other sections being in order.
   if (previous_item_ != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldId*>(previous_item_);
+    const dex::FieldId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldId*>(previous_item_);
     if (UNLIKELY(prev_item->class_idx_ > item->class_idx_)) {
       ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order field_ids");
       return false;
@@ -2338,12 +2342,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::FieldId);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::FieldId);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterMethodIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::MethodId* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodId*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::MethodId* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodId*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check that the class descriptor is a valid reference name.
   LOAD_STRING_BY_TYPE(class_descriptor, item->class_idx_, "inter_method_id_item class_idx")
@@ -2368,7 +2372,7 @@
 
   // Check ordering between items. This relies on the other sections being in order.
   if (previous_item_ != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodId*>(previous_item_);
+    const dex::MethodId* prev_item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodId*>(previous_item_);
     if (UNLIKELY(prev_item->class_idx_ > item->class_idx_)) {
       ErrorStringPrintf("Out-of-order method_ids");
       return false;
@@ -2385,12 +2389,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::MethodId);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::MethodId);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterClassDefItem() {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ClassDef*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::ClassDef* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::ClassDef*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check that class_idx_ is representable as a uint16_t;
   if (UNLIKELY(!IsValidTypeId(item->class_idx_.index_, item->pad1_))) {
@@ -2452,7 +2456,7 @@
 
       // Check that a class is defined after its super class (if the
       // latter is defined in the same Dex file).
-      const DexFile::ClassDef* superclass_def = dex_file_->FindClassDef(item->superclass_idx_);
+      const dex::ClassDef* superclass_def = dex_file_->FindClassDef(item->superclass_idx_);
       if (superclass_def != nullptr) {
         // The superclass is defined in this Dex file.
         if (superclass_def > item) {
@@ -2476,7 +2480,7 @@
   }
 
   // Check interfaces.
-  const DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file_->GetInterfacesList(*item);
+  const dex::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file_->GetInterfacesList(*item);
   if (interfaces != nullptr) {
     uint32_t size = interfaces->Size();
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
@@ -2491,7 +2495,7 @@
 
         // Check that a class is defined after the interfaces it implements
         // (if they are defined in the same Dex file).
-        const DexFile::ClassDef* interface_def =
+        const dex::ClassDef* interface_def =
             dex_file_->FindClassDef(interfaces->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
         if (interface_def != nullptr) {
           // The interface is defined in this Dex file.
@@ -2567,12 +2571,12 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::ClassDef);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::ClassDef);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterCallSiteIdItem() {
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::CallSiteIdItem*>(ptr_);
 
   // Check call site referenced by item is in encoded array section.
   if (!CheckOffsetToTypeMap(item->data_off_, DexFile::kDexTypeEncodedArrayItem)) {
@@ -2622,12 +2626,12 @@
     return false;
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::CallSiteIdItem);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::CallSiteIdItem);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterMethodHandleItem() {
-  const DexFile::MethodHandleItem* item = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodHandleItem*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem* item = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodHandleItem*>(ptr_);
 
   DexFile::MethodHandleType method_handle_type =
       static_cast<DexFile::MethodHandleType>(item->method_handle_type_);
@@ -2655,14 +2659,13 @@
     }
   }
 
-  ptr_ += sizeof(DexFile::MethodHandleItem);
+  ptr_ += sizeof(dex::MethodHandleItem);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterAnnotationSetRefList() {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* list =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList*>(ptr_);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefItem* item = list->list_;
+  const dex::AnnotationSetRefList* list = reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationSetRefList*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetRefItem* item = list->list_;
   uint32_t count = list->size_;
 
   for (; count != 0u; --count) {
@@ -2678,7 +2681,7 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterAnnotationSetItem() {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* set = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* set = reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationSetItem*>(ptr_);
   const uint32_t* offsets = set->entries_;
   uint32_t count = set->size_;
   uint32_t last_idx = 0;
@@ -2689,8 +2692,8 @@
     }
 
     // Get the annotation from the offset and the type index for the annotation.
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation =
-        reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationItem*>(begin_ + *offsets);
+    const dex::AnnotationItem* annotation =
+        reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationItem*>(begin_ + *offsets);
     const uint8_t* data = annotation->annotation_;
     DECODE_UNSIGNED_CHECKED_FROM(data, idx);
 
@@ -2741,8 +2744,8 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterAnnotationsDirectoryItem() {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr_);
+  const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem*>(ptr_);
   bool success;
   dex::TypeIndex defining_class = FindFirstAnnotationsDirectoryDefiner(ptr_, &success);
   if (!success) {
@@ -2755,8 +2758,8 @@
   }
 
   // Field annotations follow immediately after the annotations directory.
-  const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem*>(item + 1);
+  const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldAnnotationsItem*>(item + 1);
   uint32_t field_count = item->fields_size_;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < field_count; i++) {
     LOAD_FIELD(field, field_item->field_idx_, "inter_annotations_directory_item field_id",
@@ -2772,8 +2775,8 @@
   }
 
   // Method annotations follow immediately after field annotations.
-  const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem*>(field_item);
+  const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodAnnotationsItem*>(field_item);
   uint32_t method_count = item->methods_size_;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < method_count; i++) {
     LOAD_METHOD(method, method_item->method_idx_, "inter_annotations_directory_item method_id",
@@ -2789,8 +2792,8 @@
   }
 
   // Parameter annotations follow immediately after method annotations.
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_item =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(method_item);
+  const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_item =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem*>(method_item);
   uint32_t parameter_count = item->parameters_size_;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < parameter_count; i++) {
     LOAD_METHOD(parameter_method, parameter_item->method_idx_,
@@ -2946,8 +2949,8 @@
 }
 
 bool DexFileVerifier::CheckInterSection() {
-  const DexFile::MapList* map = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MapList*>(begin_ + header_->map_off_);
-  const DexFile::MapItem* item = map->list_;
+  const dex::MapList* map = reinterpret_cast<const dex::MapList*>(begin_ + header_->map_off_);
+  const dex::MapItem* item = map->list_;
   uint32_t count = map->size_;
 
   // Cross check the items listed in the map.
@@ -3056,9 +3059,8 @@
     return "(error)";
   }
 
-  const DexFile::StringId* string_id =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::StringId*>(begin + header->string_ids_off_)
-          + string_idx.index_;
+  const dex::StringId* string_id =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::StringId*>(begin + header->string_ids_off_) + string_idx.index_;
 
   // Assume that the data is OK at this point. String data has been checked at this point.
 
@@ -3079,8 +3081,8 @@
   // a valid defining class.
   CHECK_LT(class_idx.index_, header->type_ids_size_);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeId* type_id =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::TypeId*>(begin + header->type_ids_off_) + class_idx.index_;
+  const dex::TypeId* type_id =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::TypeId*>(begin + header->type_ids_off_) + class_idx.index_;
 
   // Assume that the data is OK at this point. Type id offsets have been checked at this point.
 
@@ -3093,8 +3095,8 @@
   // The `idx` has already been checked in `DexFileVerifier::CheckClassDataItemField()`.
   CHECK_LT(idx, header->field_ids_size_);
 
-  const DexFile::FieldId* field_id =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::FieldId*>(begin + header->field_ids_off_) + idx;
+  const dex::FieldId* field_id =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::FieldId*>(begin + header->field_ids_off_) + idx;
 
   // Assume that the data is OK at this point. Field id offsets have been checked at this point.
 
@@ -3110,8 +3112,8 @@
   // The `idx` has already been checked in `DexFileVerifier::CheckClassDataItemMethod()`.
   CHECK_LT(idx, header->method_ids_size_);
 
-  const DexFile::MethodId* method_id =
-      reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::MethodId*>(begin + header->method_ids_off_) + idx;
+  const dex::MethodId* method_id =
+      reinterpret_cast<const dex::MethodId*>(begin + header->method_ids_off_) + idx;
 
   // Assume that the data is OK at this point. Method id offsets have been checked at this point.
 
@@ -3202,16 +3204,16 @@
 
 void DexFileVerifier::FindStringRangesForMethodNames() {
   // Use DexFile::StringId* as RandomAccessIterator.
-  const DexFile::StringId* first = reinterpret_cast<const DexFile::StringId*>(
+  const dex::StringId* first = reinterpret_cast<const dex::StringId*>(
       begin_ + header_->string_ids_off_);
-  const DexFile::StringId* last = first + header_->string_ids_size_;
+  const dex::StringId* last = first + header_->string_ids_size_;
 
-  auto get_string = [begin = begin_](const DexFile::StringId& id) {
+  auto get_string = [begin = begin_](const dex::StringId& id) {
     const uint8_t* str_data_ptr = begin + id.string_data_off_;
     DecodeUnsignedLeb128(&str_data_ptr);
     return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(str_data_ptr);
   };
-  auto compare = [&get_string](const DexFile::StringId& lhs, const char* rhs) {
+  auto compare = [&get_string](const dex::StringId& lhs, const char* rhs) {
     return CompareModifiedUtf8ToModifiedUtf8AsUtf16CodePointValues(get_string(lhs), rhs) < 0;
   };
 
@@ -3451,8 +3453,8 @@
          constructor_flags == (kAccConstructor | kAccStatic));
 
   // Check signature matches expectations.
-  const DexFile::MethodId* const method_id = CheckLoadMethodId(method_index,
-                                                               "Bad <init>/<clinit> method id");
+  const dex::MethodId* const method_id = CheckLoadMethodId(method_index,
+                                                           "Bad <init>/<clinit> method id");
   if (method_id == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -3462,8 +3464,8 @@
   // TODO(oth): the error message here is to satisfy the MethodId test
   // in the DexFileVerifierTest. The test is checking that the error
   // contains this string if the index is out of range.
-  const DexFile::ProtoId* const proto_id = CheckLoadProtoId(method_id->proto_idx_,
-                                                            "inter_method_id_item proto_idx");
+  const dex::ProtoId* const proto_id = CheckLoadProtoId(method_id->proto_idx_,
+                                                        "inter_method_id_item proto_idx");
   if (proto_id == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.h b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.h
index a81df48..b51a417 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier.h
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
   bool CheckMap();
 
   uint32_t ReadUnsignedLittleEndian(uint32_t size);
-  bool CheckAndGetHandlerOffsets(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  bool CheckAndGetHandlerOffsets(const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                  uint32_t* handler_offsets, uint32_t handlers_size);
   bool CheckClassDataItemField(uint32_t idx,
                                uint32_t access_flags,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
                                 size_t* remaining_directs);
   ALWAYS_INLINE
   bool CheckOrder(const char* type_descr, uint32_t curr_index, uint32_t prev_index);
-  bool CheckStaticFieldTypes(const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def);
+  bool CheckStaticFieldTypes(const dex::ClassDef* class_def);
 
   bool CheckPadding(size_t offset, uint32_t aligned_offset, DexFile::MapItemType type);
   bool CheckEncodedValue();
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
                                      ClassAccessor::Field* field,
                                      bool* have_class,
                                      dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                                     const DexFile::ClassDef** class_def);
+                                     const dex::ClassDef** class_def);
   // Check all methods of the given type from the given iterator. Load the class data from the first
   // method, if necessary (and return it), or use the given values.
   bool CheckIntraClassDataItemMethods(ClassAccessor::Method* method,
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
                                       size_t num_directs,
                                       bool* have_class,
                                       dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                                      const DexFile::ClassDef** class_def);
+                                      const dex::ClassDef** class_def);
 
   bool CheckIntraCodeItem();
   bool CheckIntraStringDataItem();
@@ -166,9 +166,9 @@
 
   // Load a field/method/proto Id by index. Checks whether the index is in bounds, printing the
   // error if not. If there is an error, null is returned.
-  const DexFile::FieldId* CheckLoadFieldId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_fmt);
-  const DexFile::MethodId* CheckLoadMethodId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_fmt);
-  const DexFile::ProtoId* CheckLoadProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx, const char* error_fmt);
+  const dex::FieldId* CheckLoadFieldId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_fmt);
+  const dex::MethodId* CheckLoadMethodId(uint32_t idx, const char* error_fmt);
+  const dex::ProtoId* CheckLoadProtoId(dex::ProtoIndex idx, const char* error_fmt);
 
   void ErrorStringPrintf(const char* fmt, ...)
       __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 3))) COLD_ATTR;
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
   bool FindClassIndexAndDef(uint32_t index,
                             bool is_field,
                             dex::TypeIndex* class_type_index,
-                            const DexFile::ClassDef** output_class_def);
+                            const dex::ClassDef** output_class_def);
 
   // Check validity of the given access flags, interpreted for a field in the context of a class
   // with the given second access flags.
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
   std::string failure_reason_;
 
   // Set of type ids for which there are ClassDef elements in the dex file.
-  std::unordered_set<decltype(DexFile::ClassDef::class_idx_)> defined_classes_;
+  std::unordered_set<decltype(dex::ClassDef::class_idx_)> defined_classes_;
 
   // Cached string indices for "interesting" entries wrt/ method names. Will be populated by
   // FindStringRangesForMethodNames (which is automatically called before verifying the
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier_test.cc b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier_test.cc
index c3180f0..b2cff4f 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier_test.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/dex_file_verifier_test.cc
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
       kGoodTestDex,
       "method_id_class_idx",
       [](DexFile* dex_file) {
-        DexFile::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<DexFile::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
+        dex::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<dex::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
         method_id->class_idx_ = dex::TypeIndex(0xFF);
       },
       "could not find declaring class for direct method index 0");
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
       kGoodTestDex,
       "method_id_proto_idx",
       [](DexFile* dex_file) {
-        DexFile::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<DexFile::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
+        dex::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<dex::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
         method_id->proto_idx_ = dex::ProtoIndex(0xFF);
       },
       "inter_method_id_item proto_idx");
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
       kGoodTestDex,
       "method_id_name_idx",
       [](DexFile* dex_file) {
-        DexFile::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<DexFile::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
+        dex::MethodId* method_id = const_cast<dex::MethodId*>(&dex_file->GetMethodId(0));
         method_id->name_idx_ = dex::StringIndex(0xFF);
       },
       "Bad index for method flags verification");
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
   for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
     uint32_t method_index = method.GetIndex();
     dex::StringIndex name_index = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_index).name_idx_;
-    const DexFile::StringId& string_id = dex_file->GetStringId(name_index);
+    const dex::StringId& string_id = dex_file->GetStringId(name_index);
     const char* str = dex_file->GetStringData(string_id);
     if (strcmp(name, str) == 0) {
       if (method_idx != nullptr) {
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@
   for (const ClassAccessor::Field& field : accessor.GetFields()) {
     uint32_t field_index = field.GetIndex();
     dex::StringIndex name_index = dex_file->GetFieldId(field_index).name_idx_;
-    const DexFile::StringId& string_id = dex_file->GetStringId(name_index);
+    const dex::StringId& string_id = dex_file->GetStringId(name_index);
     const char* str = dex_file->GetStringData(string_id);
     if (strcmp(name, str) == 0) {
       // Go to the back of the access flags.
@@ -1415,9 +1415,9 @@
                    dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx + 1).proto_idx_.index_);
           // Their return types should be the same.
           dex::ProtoIndex proto1_idx = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx).proto_idx_;
-          const DexFile::ProtoId& proto1 = dex_file->GetProtoId(proto1_idx);
+          const dex::ProtoId& proto1 = dex_file->GetProtoId(proto1_idx);
           dex::ProtoIndex proto2_idx(proto1_idx.index_ + 1u);
-          const DexFile::ProtoId& proto2 = dex_file->GetProtoId(proto2_idx);
+          const dex::ProtoId& proto2 = dex_file->GetProtoId(proto2_idx);
           CHECK_EQ(proto1.return_type_idx_, proto2.return_type_idx_);
           // And the first should not have any parameters while the second should have some.
           CHECK(!DexFileParameterIterator(*dex_file, proto1).HasNext());
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/method_reference.h b/libdexfile/dex/method_reference.h
index 266582b..f66ac30 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/method_reference.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/method_reference.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
   std::string PrettyMethod(bool with_signature = true) const {
     return dex_file->PrettyMethod(index, with_signature);
   }
-  const DexFile::MethodId& GetMethodId() const {
+  const dex::MethodId& GetMethodId() const {
     return dex_file->GetMethodId(index);
   }
 };
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@
   bool SlowCompare(MethodReference mr1, MethodReference mr2) const {
     // The order is the same as for method ids in a single dex file.
     // Compare the class descriptors first.
-    const DexFile::MethodId& mid1 = mr1.GetMethodId();
-    const DexFile::MethodId& mid2 = mr2.GetMethodId();
+    const dex::MethodId& mid1 = mr1.GetMethodId();
+    const dex::MethodId& mid2 = mr2.GetMethodId();
     int descriptor_diff = strcmp(mr1.dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(mid1.class_idx_),
                                  mr2.dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(mid2.class_idx_));
     if (descriptor_diff != 0) {
@@ -63,17 +63,17 @@
       return name_diff < 0;
     }
     // And then compare proto ids, starting with return type comparison.
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& prid1 = mr1.dex_file->GetProtoId(mid1.proto_idx_);
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& prid2 = mr2.dex_file->GetProtoId(mid2.proto_idx_);
+    const dex::ProtoId& prid1 = mr1.dex_file->GetProtoId(mid1.proto_idx_);
+    const dex::ProtoId& prid2 = mr2.dex_file->GetProtoId(mid2.proto_idx_);
     int return_type_diff = strcmp(mr1.dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(prid1.return_type_idx_),
                                   mr2.dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(prid2.return_type_idx_));
     if (return_type_diff != 0) {
       return return_type_diff < 0;
     }
     // And finishing with lexicographical parameter comparison.
-    const DexFile::TypeList* params1 = mr1.dex_file->GetProtoParameters(prid1);
+    const dex::TypeList* params1 = mr1.dex_file->GetProtoParameters(prid1);
     size_t param1_size = (params1 != nullptr) ? params1->Size() : 0u;
-    const DexFile::TypeList* params2 = mr2.dex_file->GetProtoParameters(prid2);
+    const dex::TypeList* params2 = mr2.dex_file->GetProtoParameters(prid2);
     size_t param2_size = (params2 != nullptr) ? params2->Size() : 0u;
     for (size_t i = 0, num = std::min(param1_size, param2_size); i != num; ++i) {
       int param_diff = strcmp(mr1.dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(params1->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_),
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.cc b/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.cc
index 40dcafd..8bac44e 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.cc
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
   return GetDexVersion() >= DexFile::kDefaultMethodsVersion;
 }
 
-uint32_t StandardDexFile::GetCodeItemSize(const DexFile::CodeItem& item) const {
+uint32_t StandardDexFile::GetCodeItemSize(const dex::CodeItem& item) const {
   DCHECK(IsInDataSection(&item));
   return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodeItemDataAccessor(*this, &item).CodeItemDataEnd()) -
       reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&item);
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.h b/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.h
index fd7e78f..838d4e3 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/standard_dex_file.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     // Same for now.
   };
 
-  struct CodeItem : public DexFile::CodeItem {
+  struct CodeItem : public dex::CodeItem {
     static constexpr size_t kAlignment = 4;
 
    private:
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 
   bool SupportsDefaultMethods() const override;
 
-  uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const DexFile::CodeItem& item) const override;
+  uint32_t GetCodeItemSize(const dex::CodeItem& item) const override;
 
   size_t GetDequickenedSize() const override {
     return Size();
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/test_dex_file_builder.h b/libdexfile/dex/test_dex_file_builder.h
index 072aafb..2b0bad0 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/test_dex_file_builder.h
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/test_dex_file_builder.h
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
     header->string_ids_size_ = strings_.size();
     header->string_ids_off_ = strings_.empty() ? 0u : string_ids_offset;
 
-    uint32_t type_ids_offset = string_ids_offset + strings_.size() * sizeof(DexFile::StringId);
+    uint32_t type_ids_offset = string_ids_offset + strings_.size() * sizeof(dex::StringId);
     uint32_t type_idx = 0u;
     for (auto& entry : types_) {
       entry.second = type_idx;
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
     header->type_ids_size_ = types_.size();
     header->type_ids_off_ = types_.empty() ? 0u : type_ids_offset;
 
-    uint32_t proto_ids_offset = type_ids_offset + types_.size() * sizeof(DexFile::TypeId);
+    uint32_t proto_ids_offset = type_ids_offset + types_.size() * sizeof(dex::TypeId);
     uint32_t proto_idx = 0u;
     for (auto& entry : protos_) {
       entry.second.idx = proto_idx;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
       size_t num_args = entry.first.args.size();
       if (num_args != 0u) {
         entry.second.data_offset = RoundUp(data_section_size, 4u);
-        data_section_size = entry.second.data_offset + 4u + num_args * sizeof(DexFile::TypeItem);
+        data_section_size = entry.second.data_offset + 4u + num_args * sizeof(dex::TypeItem);
       } else {
         entry.second.data_offset = 0u;
       }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
     header->proto_ids_size_ = protos_.size();
     header->proto_ids_off_ = protos_.empty() ? 0u : proto_ids_offset;
 
-    uint32_t field_ids_offset = proto_ids_offset + protos_.size() * sizeof(DexFile::ProtoId);
+    uint32_t field_ids_offset = proto_ids_offset + protos_.size() * sizeof(dex::ProtoId);
     uint32_t field_idx = 0u;
     for (auto& entry : fields_) {
       entry.second = field_idx;
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
     header->field_ids_size_ = fields_.size();
     header->field_ids_off_ = fields_.empty() ? 0u : field_ids_offset;
 
-    uint32_t method_ids_offset = field_ids_offset + fields_.size() * sizeof(DexFile::FieldId);
+    uint32_t method_ids_offset = field_ids_offset + fields_.size() * sizeof(dex::FieldId);
     uint32_t method_idx = 0u;
     for (auto& entry : methods_) {
       entry.second = method_idx;
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
     header->class_defs_size_ = 0u;
     header->class_defs_off_ = 0u;
 
-    uint32_t data_section_offset = method_ids_offset + methods_.size() * sizeof(DexFile::MethodId);
+    uint32_t data_section_offset = method_ids_offset + methods_.size() * sizeof(dex::MethodId);
     header->data_size_ = data_section_size;
     header->data_off_ = (data_section_size != 0u) ? data_section_offset : 0u;
 
@@ -172,11 +172,11 @@
       uint32_t raw_offset = data_section_offset + entry.second.data_offset;
       dex_file_data_[raw_offset] = static_cast<uint8_t>(entry.first.size());
       std::memcpy(&dex_file_data_[raw_offset + 1], entry.first.c_str(), entry.first.size() + 1);
-      Write32(string_ids_offset + entry.second.idx * sizeof(DexFile::StringId), raw_offset);
+      Write32(string_ids_offset + entry.second.idx * sizeof(dex::StringId), raw_offset);
     }
 
     for (const auto& entry : types_) {
-      Write32(type_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(DexFile::TypeId), GetStringIdx(entry.first));
+      Write32(type_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(dex::TypeId), GetStringIdx(entry.first));
       ++type_idx;
     }
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
       size_t num_args = entry.first.args.size();
       uint32_t type_list_offset =
           (num_args != 0u) ? data_section_offset + entry.second.data_offset : 0u;
-      uint32_t raw_offset = proto_ids_offset + entry.second.idx * sizeof(DexFile::ProtoId);
+      uint32_t raw_offset = proto_ids_offset + entry.second.idx * sizeof(dex::ProtoId);
       Write32(raw_offset + 0u, GetStringIdx(entry.first.shorty));
       Write16(raw_offset + 4u, GetTypeIdx(entry.first.return_type));
       Write32(raw_offset + 8u, type_list_offset);
@@ -192,21 +192,21 @@
         CHECK_NE(entry.second.data_offset, 0u);
         Write32(type_list_offset, num_args);
         for (size_t i = 0; i != num_args; ++i) {
-          Write16(type_list_offset + 4u + i * sizeof(DexFile::TypeItem),
+          Write16(type_list_offset + 4u + i * sizeof(dex::TypeItem),
                   GetTypeIdx(entry.first.args[i]));
         }
       }
     }
 
     for (const auto& entry : fields_) {
-      uint32_t raw_offset = field_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(DexFile::FieldId);
+      uint32_t raw_offset = field_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(dex::FieldId);
       Write16(raw_offset + 0u, GetTypeIdx(entry.first.class_descriptor));
       Write16(raw_offset + 2u, GetTypeIdx(entry.first.type));
       Write32(raw_offset + 4u, GetStringIdx(entry.first.name));
     }
 
     for (const auto& entry : methods_) {
-      uint32_t raw_offset = method_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(DexFile::MethodId);
+      uint32_t raw_offset = method_ids_offset + entry.second * sizeof(dex::MethodId);
       Write16(raw_offset + 0u, GetTypeIdx(entry.first.class_descriptor));
       auto it = protos_.find(*entry.first.proto);
       CHECK(it != protos_.end());
diff --git a/libdexfile/dex/type_lookup_table.cc b/libdexfile/dex/type_lookup_table.cc
index 7d80a2e..c46b488 100644
--- a/libdexfile/dex/type_lookup_table.cc
+++ b/libdexfile/dex/type_lookup_table.cc
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
   // occupied then delay the insertion of the element to the second stage to reduce probing
   // distance.
   for (size_t class_def_idx = 0; class_def_idx < dex_file.NumClassDefs(); ++class_def_idx) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
-    const DexFile::StringId& str_id = dex_file.GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
+    const dex::StringId& str_id = dex_file.GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
     const uint32_t hash = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(dex_file.GetStringData(str_id));
     const uint32_t pos = hash & mask;
     if (entries[pos].IsEmpty()) {
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@
   // The second stage. The initial position of these elements had a collision. Put these elements
   // into the nearest free cells and link them together by updating next_pos_delta.
   for (uint16_t class_def_idx : conflict_class_defs) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
-    const DexFile::StringId& str_id = dex_file.GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
+    const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
+    const dex::StringId& str_id = dex_file.GetStringId(type_id.descriptor_idx_);
     const uint32_t hash = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(dex_file.GetStringData(str_id));
     // Find the last entry in the chain.
     uint32_t tail_pos = hash & mask;
diff --git a/libprofile/profile/profile_compilation_info.cc b/libprofile/profile/profile_compilation_info.cc
index 9b32b9e..8b8569d 100644
--- a/libprofile/profile/profile_compilation_info.cc
+++ b/libprofile/profile/profile_compilation_info.cc
@@ -2198,7 +2198,7 @@
               << type_idx.index_ << " in dex " << dex_file->GetLocation();
           return HashSet<std::string>();
         }
-        const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(type_idx);
+        const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(type_idx);
         ret.insert(dex_file->GetTypeDescriptor(type_id));
       }
     } else {
diff --git a/oatdump/oatdump.cc b/oatdump/oatdump.cc
index d2a5bb8..4e1276e 100644
--- a/oatdump/oatdump.cc
+++ b/oatdump/oatdump.cc
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
                      const DexFile& dex_file,
                      uint32_t class_def_index,
                      uint32_t dex_method_index,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                     const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                      uint32_t method_access_flags) {
     if ((method_access_flags & kAccAbstract) != 0) {
       // Abstract method, no code.
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@
             << "': " << error_msg;
       } else {
         const char* descriptor = m->GetDeclaringClassDescriptor();
-        const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def =
+        const dex::ClassDef* class_def =
             OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*dex_file, descriptor, ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(descriptor));
         if (class_def != nullptr) {
           uint16_t class_def_index = dex_file->GetIndexForClassDef(*class_def);
@@ -1092,12 +1092,12 @@
   static constexpr uint32_t kMaxCodeSize = 100 * 1000;
 
   bool DumpOatMethod(VariableIndentationOutputStream* vios,
-                     const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                     const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                      uint32_t class_method_index,
                      const OatFile::OatClass& oat_class,
                      const DexFile& dex_file,
                      uint32_t dex_method_idx,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                     const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                      uint32_t method_access_flags,
                      bool* addr_found) {
     bool success = true;
@@ -1490,8 +1490,8 @@
                                          StackHandleScope<1>* hs,
                                          uint32_t dex_method_idx,
                                          const DexFile* dex_file,
-                                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                         const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                         const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                          uint32_t method_access_flags) {
     if ((method_access_flags & kAccNative) == 0) {
       ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
@@ -3007,7 +3007,7 @@
       for (uint32_t class_def_index = 0;
            class_def_index != dex_file->NumClassDefs();
            ++class_def_index) {
-        const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(class_def_index);
+        const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(class_def_index);
         const char* descriptor = dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
         h_klass.Assign(class_linker->FindClass(self, descriptor, h_class_loader));
         if (h_klass == nullptr) {
diff --git a/openjdkjvmti/ti_class.cc b/openjdkjvmti/ti_class.cc
index 0c07f56..a8e220c 100644
--- a/openjdkjvmti/ti_class.cc
+++ b/openjdkjvmti/ti_class.cc
@@ -162,9 +162,9 @@
                       art::Handle<art::mirror::Class> klass,
                       art::Handle<art::mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                       const art::DexFile& initial_dex_file,
-                      const art::DexFile::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                      const art::dex::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                       /*out*/art::DexFile const** final_dex_file,
-                      /*out*/art::DexFile::ClassDef const** final_class_def)
+                      /*out*/art::dex::ClassDef const** final_class_def)
       override REQUIRES_SHARED(art::Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     bool is_enabled =
         event_handler->IsEventEnabledAnywhere(ArtJvmtiEvent::kClassFileLoadHookRetransformable) ||
diff --git a/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.cc b/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.cc
index 6ca4e38..3655300 100644
--- a/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.cc
+++ b/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.cc
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@
   // and removals. We should have already checked the fields.
   for (const art::ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
     // Get the data on the method we are searching for
-    const art::DexFile::MethodId& new_method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+    const art::dex::MethodId& new_method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
     const char* new_method_name = dex_file_->GetMethodName(new_method_id);
     art::Signature new_method_signature = dex_file_->GetMethodSignature(new_method_id);
     art::ArtMethod* old_method = FindMethod(h_klass, new_method_name, new_method_signature);
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@
   auto old_iter = old_fields.begin();
   for (const art::ClassAccessor::Field& new_field : new_accessor.GetFields()) {
     // Get the data on the method we are searching for
-    const art::DexFile::FieldId& new_field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(new_field.GetIndex());
+    const art::dex::FieldId& new_field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(new_field.GetIndex());
     const char* new_field_name = dex_file_->GetFieldName(new_field_id);
     const char* new_field_type = dex_file_->GetFieldTypeDescriptor(new_field_id);
 
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@
       return false;
     }
 
-    const art::DexFile::FieldId& old_field_id = old_dex_file.GetFieldId(old_iter->GetIndex());
+    const art::dex::FieldId& old_field_id = old_dex_file.GetFieldId(old_iter->GetIndex());
     const char* old_field_name = old_dex_file.GetFieldName(old_field_id);
     const char* old_field_type = old_dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(old_field_id);
 
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@
   }
   // Get the ClassDef from the new DexFile.
   // Since the dex file has only a single class def the index is always 0.
-  const art::DexFile::ClassDef& def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(0);
+  const art::dex::ClassDef& def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(0);
   // Get the class as it is now.
   art::Handle<art::mirror::Class> current_class(hs.NewHandle(GetMirrorClass()));
 
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@
       return false;
     }
   }
-  const art::DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file_->GetInterfacesList(def);
+  const art::dex::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file_->GetInterfacesList(def);
   if (interfaces == nullptr) {
     if (current_class->NumDirectInterfaces() != 0) {
       RecordFailure(ERR(UNSUPPORTED_REDEFINITION_HIERARCHY_CHANGED), "Interfaces added");
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@
     }
   } else {
     DCHECK(!current_class->IsProxyClass());
-    const art::DexFile::TypeList* current_interfaces = current_class->GetInterfaceTypeList();
+    const art::dex::TypeList* current_interfaces = current_class->GetInterfaceTypeList();
     if (current_interfaces == nullptr || current_interfaces->Size() != interfaces->Size()) {
       RecordFailure(ERR(UNSUPPORTED_REDEFINITION_HIERARCHY_CHANGED), "Interfaces added or removed");
       return false;
@@ -1394,14 +1394,14 @@
 }
 
 void Redefiner::ClassRedefinition::UpdateMethods(art::ObjPtr<art::mirror::Class> mclass,
-                                                 const art::DexFile::ClassDef& class_def) {
+                                                 const art::dex::ClassDef& class_def) {
   art::ClassLinker* linker = driver_->runtime_->GetClassLinker();
   art::PointerSize image_pointer_size = linker->GetImagePointerSize();
-  const art::DexFile::TypeId& declaring_class_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
+  const art::dex::TypeId& declaring_class_id = dex_file_->GetTypeId(class_def.class_idx_);
   const art::DexFile& old_dex_file = mclass->GetDexFile();
   // Update methods.
   for (art::ArtMethod& method : mclass->GetDeclaredMethods(image_pointer_size)) {
-    const art::DexFile::StringId* new_name_id = dex_file_->FindStringId(method.GetName());
+    const art::dex::StringId* new_name_id = dex_file_->FindStringId(method.GetName());
     art::dex::TypeIndex method_return_idx =
         dex_file_->GetIndexForTypeId(*dex_file_->FindTypeId(method.GetReturnTypeDescriptor()));
     const auto* old_type_list = method.GetParameterTypeList();
@@ -1414,12 +1414,11 @@
                       old_dex_file.GetTypeId(
                           old_type_list->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_)))));
     }
-    const art::DexFile::ProtoId* proto_id = dex_file_->FindProtoId(method_return_idx,
-                                                                   new_type_list);
+    const art::dex::ProtoId* proto_id = dex_file_->FindProtoId(method_return_idx, new_type_list);
     CHECK(proto_id != nullptr || old_type_list == nullptr);
-    const art::DexFile::MethodId* method_id = dex_file_->FindMethodId(declaring_class_id,
-                                                                      *new_name_id,
-                                                                      *proto_id);
+    const art::dex::MethodId* method_id = dex_file_->FindMethodId(declaring_class_id,
+                                                                  *new_name_id,
+                                                                  *proto_id);
     CHECK(method_id != nullptr);
     uint32_t dex_method_idx = dex_file_->GetIndexForMethodId(*method_id);
     method.SetDexMethodIndex(dex_method_idx);
@@ -1435,12 +1434,12 @@
   for (auto fields_iter : {mclass->GetIFields(), mclass->GetSFields()}) {
     for (art::ArtField& field : fields_iter) {
       std::string declaring_class_name;
-      const art::DexFile::TypeId* new_declaring_id =
+      const art::dex::TypeId* new_declaring_id =
           dex_file_->FindTypeId(field.GetDeclaringClass()->GetDescriptor(&declaring_class_name));
-      const art::DexFile::StringId* new_name_id = dex_file_->FindStringId(field.GetName());
-      const art::DexFile::TypeId* new_type_id = dex_file_->FindTypeId(field.GetTypeDescriptor());
+      const art::dex::StringId* new_name_id = dex_file_->FindStringId(field.GetName());
+      const art::dex::TypeId* new_type_id = dex_file_->FindTypeId(field.GetTypeDescriptor());
       CHECK(new_name_id != nullptr && new_type_id != nullptr && new_declaring_id != nullptr);
-      const art::DexFile::FieldId* new_field_id =
+      const art::dex::FieldId* new_field_id =
           dex_file_->FindFieldId(*new_declaring_id, *new_name_id, *new_type_id);
       CHECK(new_field_id != nullptr);
       // We only need to update the index since the other data in the ArtField cannot be updated.
@@ -1455,7 +1454,7 @@
     art::ObjPtr<art::mirror::DexCache> new_dex_cache,
     art::ObjPtr<art::mirror::Object> original_dex_file) {
   DCHECK_EQ(dex_file_->NumClassDefs(), 1u);
-  const art::DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(0);
+  const art::dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file_->GetClassDef(0);
   UpdateMethods(mclass, class_def);
   UpdateFields(mclass);
 
diff --git a/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.h b/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.h
index f4a4280..a974dc1 100644
--- a/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.h
+++ b/openjdkjvmti/ti_redefine.h
@@ -39,13 +39,19 @@
 #include "art_jvmti.h"
 #include "base/array_ref.h"
 #include "base/globals.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "jni/jni_env_ext-inl.h"
 #include "jvmti.h"
 #include "mirror/array.h"
 #include "mirror/class.h"
 #include "obj_ptr.h"
 
+namespace art {
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+}  // namespace dex
+class DexFile;
+}  // namespace art
+
 namespace openjdkjvmti {
 
 class ArtClassDefinition;
@@ -172,7 +178,7 @@
         REQUIRES(art::Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
     void UpdateMethods(art::ObjPtr<art::mirror::Class> mclass,
-                       const art::DexFile::ClassDef& class_def)
+                       const art::dex::ClassDef& class_def)
         REQUIRES(art::Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
     void UpdateClass(art::ObjPtr<art::mirror::Class> mclass,
diff --git a/profman/profman.cc b/profman/profman.cc
index a0c387d..88c5c4e 100644
--- a/profman/profman.cc
+++ b/profman/profman.cc
@@ -615,14 +615,14 @@
                                             &startup_methods,
                                             &post_startup_methods)) {
         for (const dex::TypeIndex& type_index : class_types) {
-          const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(type_index);
+          const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file->GetTypeId(type_index);
           out_lines->insert(std::string(dex_file->GetTypeDescriptor(type_id)));
         }
         combined_methods = hot_methods;
         combined_methods.insert(startup_methods.begin(), startup_methods.end());
         combined_methods.insert(post_startup_methods.begin(), post_startup_methods.end());
         for (uint16_t dex_method_idx : combined_methods) {
-          const DexFile::MethodId& id = dex_file->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+          const dex::MethodId& id = dex_file->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
           std::string signature_string(dex_file->GetMethodSignature(id).ToString());
           std::string type_string(dex_file->GetTypeDescriptor(dex_file->GetTypeId(id.class_idx_)));
           std::string method_name(dex_file->GetMethodName(id));
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@
         }
       }
 
-      const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId(klass_descriptor.c_str());
+      const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId(klass_descriptor.c_str());
       if (type_id == nullptr) {
         continue;
       }
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@
     const std::string& name = name_and_signature[0];
     const std::string& signature = kProfileParsingFirstCharInSignature + name_and_signature[1];
 
-    const DexFile::StringId* name_id = dex_file->FindStringId(name.c_str());
+    const dex::StringId* name_id = dex_file->FindStringId(name.c_str());
     if (name_id == nullptr) {
       LOG(WARNING) << "Could not find name: "  << name;
       return dex::kDexNoIndex;
@@ -829,12 +829,12 @@
       LOG(WARNING) << "Could not create type list" << signature;
       return dex::kDexNoIndex;
     }
-    const DexFile::ProtoId* proto_id = dex_file->FindProtoId(return_type_idx, param_type_idxs);
+    const dex::ProtoId* proto_id = dex_file->FindProtoId(return_type_idx, param_type_idxs);
     if (proto_id == nullptr) {
       LOG(WARNING) << "Could not find proto_id: " << name;
       return dex::kDexNoIndex;
     }
-    const DexFile::MethodId* method_id = dex_file->FindMethodId(
+    const dex::MethodId* method_id = dex_file->FindMethodId(
         dex_file->GetTypeId(class_ref.TypeIndex()), *name_id, *proto_id);
     if (method_id == nullptr) {
       LOG(WARNING) << "Could not find method_id: " << name;
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@
     uint32_t offset = dex_file->FindCodeItemOffset(
         *dex_file->FindClassDef(class_ref.TypeIndex()),
         method_index);
-    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(offset);
+    const dex::CodeItem* code_item = dex_file->GetCodeItem(offset);
 
     bool found_invoke = false;
     for (const DexInstructionPcPair& inst : CodeItemInstructionAccessor(*dex_file, code_item)) {
diff --git a/runtime/art_field-inl.h b/runtime/art_field-inl.h
index 53e4c11..fb41418 100644
--- a/runtime/art_field-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/art_field-inl.h
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
     return field_index == 0 ? "[Ljava/lang/Class;" : "[[Ljava/lang/Class;";
   }
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file->GetFieldId(field_index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file->GetFieldId(field_index);
   return dex_file->GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
 }
 
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
 inline ObjPtr<mirror::String> ArtField::ResolveNameString() {
   uint32_t dex_field_index = GetDexFieldIndex();
   CHECK_NE(dex_field_index, dex::kDexNoIndex);
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = GetDexFile()->GetFieldId(dex_field_index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = GetDexFile()->GetFieldId(dex_field_index);
   return Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->ResolveString(field_id.name_idx_, this);
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/art_method-inl.h b/runtime/art_method-inl.h
index fda269c..02196ba 100644
--- a/runtime/art_method-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/art_method-inl.h
@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@
 
 inline ObjPtr<mirror::String> ArtMethod::ResolveNameString() {
   DCHECK(!IsProxyMethod());
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
   return Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->ResolveString(method_id.name_idx_, this);
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::CodeItem* ArtMethod::GetCodeItem() {
+inline const dex::CodeItem* ArtMethod::GetCodeItem() {
   return GetDexFile()->GetCodeItem(GetCodeItemOffset());
 }
 
@@ -245,16 +245,16 @@
   return annotations::GetLineNumFromPC(GetDexFile(), this, dex_pc);
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::ProtoId& ArtMethod::GetPrototype() {
+inline const dex::ProtoId& ArtMethod::GetPrototype() {
   DCHECK(!IsProxyMethod());
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
   return dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex()));
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::TypeList* ArtMethod::GetParameterTypeList() {
+inline const dex::TypeList* ArtMethod::GetParameterTypeList() {
   DCHECK(!IsProxyMethod());
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(
       dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex()));
   return dex_file->GetProtoParameters(proto);
 }
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::ClassDef& ArtMethod::GetClassDef() {
+inline const dex::ClassDef& ArtMethod::GetClassDef() {
   DCHECK(!IsProxyMethod());
   return GetDexFile()->GetClassDef(GetClassDefIndex());
 }
@@ -344,8 +344,8 @@
 inline dex::TypeIndex ArtMethod::GetReturnTypeIndex() {
   DCHECK(!IsProxyMethod());
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
   return proto_id.return_type_idx_;
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/art_method.cc b/runtime/art_method.cc
index 5f5361a..dd5b0d5 100644
--- a/runtime/art_method.cc
+++ b/runtime/art_method.cc
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
   DCHECK(IsObsolete());
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
   const dex::TypeIndex declaring_class_type = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex()).class_idx_;
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file->FindClassDef(declaring_class_type);
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file->FindClassDef(declaring_class_type);
   CHECK(class_def != nullptr);
   return dex_file->GetIndexForClassDef(*class_def);
 }
@@ -182,13 +182,13 @@
 bool ArtMethod::HasSameNameAndSignature(ArtMethod* other) {
   ScopedAssertNoThreadSuspension ants("HasSameNameAndSignature");
   const DexFile* dex_file = GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& mid = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& mid = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
   if (GetDexCache() == other->GetDexCache()) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& mid2 = dex_file->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& mid2 = dex_file->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
     return mid.name_idx_ == mid2.name_idx_ && mid.proto_idx_ == mid2.proto_idx_;
   }
   const DexFile* dex_file2 = other->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& mid2 = dex_file2->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& mid2 = dex_file2->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
   if (!DexFileStringEquals(dex_file, mid.name_idx_, dex_file2, mid2.name_idx_)) {
     return false;  // Name mismatch.
   }
@@ -235,17 +235,17 @@
                                                      uint32_t name_and_signature_idx) {
   const DexFile* dexfile = GetDexFile();
   const uint32_t dex_method_idx = GetDexMethodIndex();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& mid = dexfile->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
-  const DexFile::MethodId& name_and_sig_mid = other_dexfile.GetMethodId(name_and_signature_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& mid = dexfile->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& name_and_sig_mid = other_dexfile.GetMethodId(name_and_signature_idx);
   DCHECK_STREQ(dexfile->GetMethodName(mid), other_dexfile.GetMethodName(name_and_sig_mid));
   DCHECK_EQ(dexfile->GetMethodSignature(mid), other_dexfile.GetMethodSignature(name_and_sig_mid));
   if (dexfile == &other_dexfile) {
     return dex_method_idx;
   }
   const char* mid_declaring_class_descriptor = dexfile->StringByTypeIdx(mid.class_idx_);
-  const DexFile::TypeId* other_type_id = other_dexfile.FindTypeId(mid_declaring_class_descriptor);
+  const dex::TypeId* other_type_id = other_dexfile.FindTypeId(mid_declaring_class_descriptor);
   if (other_type_id != nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId* other_mid = other_dexfile.FindMethodId(
+    const dex::MethodId* other_mid = other_dexfile.FindMethodId(
         *other_type_id, other_dexfile.GetStringId(name_and_sig_mid.name_idx_),
         other_dexfile.GetProtoId(name_and_sig_mid.proto_idx_));
     if (other_mid != nullptr) {
@@ -447,11 +447,11 @@
 
   // recreate the class_def_index from the descriptor.
   std::string descriptor_storage;
-  const DexFile::TypeId* declaring_class_type_id =
+  const dex::TypeId* declaring_class_type_id =
       dex_file->FindTypeId(method->GetDeclaringClass()->GetDescriptor(&descriptor_storage));
   CHECK(declaring_class_type_id != nullptr);
   dex::TypeIndex declaring_class_type_index = dex_file->GetIndexForTypeId(*declaring_class_type_id);
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* declaring_class_type_def =
+  const dex::ClassDef* declaring_class_type_def =
       dex_file->FindClassDef(declaring_class_type_index);
   CHECK(declaring_class_type_def != nullptr);
   uint16_t declaring_class_def_index = dex_file->GetIndexForClassDef(*declaring_class_type_def);
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
   auto* dex_file = dex_cache->GetDexFile();
   const auto& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(GetDexMethodIndex());
   const auto& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
-  const DexFile::TypeList* proto_params = dex_file->GetProtoParameters(proto_id);
+  const dex::TypeList* proto_params = dex_file->GetProtoParameters(proto_id);
   auto count = proto_params != nullptr ? proto_params->Size() : 0u;
   auto param_len = params != nullptr ? params->GetLength() : 0u;
   if (param_len != count) {
diff --git a/runtime/art_method.h b/runtime/art_method.h
index cc214f7..6b598da 100644
--- a/runtime/art_method.h
+++ b/runtime/art_method.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "base/runtime_debug.h"
 #include "dex/code_item_accessors.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "dex/dex_instruction_iterator.h"
 #include "dex/modifiers.h"
 #include "dex/primitive.h"
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
+class DexFile;
 template<class T> class Handle;
 class ImtConflictTable;
 enum InvokeType : uint32_t;
@@ -586,21 +587,21 @@
 
   ObjPtr<mirror::String> ResolveNameString() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::CodeItem* GetCodeItem() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   bool IsResolvedTypeIdx(dex::TypeIndex type_idx) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   int32_t GetLineNumFromDexPC(uint32_t dex_pc) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& GetPrototype() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::ProtoId& GetPrototype() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* GetParameterTypeList() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::TypeList* GetParameterTypeList() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   const char* GetDeclaringClassSourceFile() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   uint16_t GetClassDefIndex() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& GetClassDef() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::ClassDef& GetClassDef() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE size_t GetNumberOfParameters() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker-inl.h b/runtime/class_linker-inl.h
index 43f3ed3..978b1ab 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/class_linker-inl.h
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #include "art_method-inl.h"
 #include "base/mutex.h"
 #include "class_linker.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "gc_root-inl.h"
 #include "handle_scope-inl.h"
 #include "mirror/class_loader.h"
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@
       dex_cache,
       type,
       [this, dex_cache, method_idx, class_loader]() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_cache->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+        const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_cache->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(method_idx);
         ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass =
             LookupResolvedType(method_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
         DCHECK(klass != nullptr);
@@ -286,7 +288,7 @@
   ArtMethod* resolved = dex_cache->GetResolvedMethod(method_idx, pointer_size);
   if (resolved == nullptr) {
     const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
     ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = LookupResolvedType(method_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
     if (klass != nullptr) {
       resolved = FindResolvedMethod(klass, dex_cache, class_loader, method_idx);
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker.cc b/runtime/class_linker.cc
index 3b92e2c..c22a5cb 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker.cc
+++ b/runtime/class_linker.cc
@@ -2628,13 +2628,13 @@
   return klass;
 }
 
-using ClassPathEntry = std::pair<const DexFile*, const DexFile::ClassDef*>;
+using ClassPathEntry = std::pair<const DexFile*, const dex::ClassDef*>;
 
 // Search a collection of DexFiles for a descriptor
 ClassPathEntry FindInClassPath(const char* descriptor,
                                size_t hash, const std::vector<const DexFile*>& class_path) {
   for (const DexFile* dex_file : class_path) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def = OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*dex_file, descriptor, hash);
+    const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def = OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*dex_file, descriptor, hash);
     if (dex_class_def != nullptr) {
       return ClassPathEntry(dex_file, dex_class_def);
     }
@@ -2784,8 +2784,7 @@
 
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> ret;
   auto define_class = [&](const DexFile* cp_dex_file) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def =
-        OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*cp_dex_file, descriptor, hash);
+    const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def = OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*cp_dex_file, descriptor, hash);
     if (dex_class_def != nullptr) {
       ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = DefineClass(soa.Self(),
                                                 descriptor,
@@ -2985,7 +2984,7 @@
                                                size_t hash,
                                                Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                                const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                               const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def) {
+                                               const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def) {
   StackHandleScope<3> hs(self);
   auto klass = hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(nullptr);
 
@@ -3032,7 +3031,7 @@
   // Get the real dex file. This will return the input if there aren't any callbacks or they do
   // nothing.
   DexFile const* new_dex_file = nullptr;
-  DexFile::ClassDef const* new_class_def = nullptr;
+  dex::ClassDef const* new_class_def = nullptr;
   // TODO We should ideally figure out some way to move this after we get a lock on the klass so it
   // will only be called once.
   Runtime::Current()->GetRuntimeCallbacks()->ClassPreDefine(descriptor,
@@ -3153,7 +3152,7 @@
 }
 
 uint32_t ClassLinker::SizeOfClassWithoutEmbeddedTables(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                       const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def) {
+                                                       const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def) {
   size_t num_ref = 0;
   size_t num_8 = 0;
   size_t num_16 = 0;
@@ -3171,7 +3170,7 @@
       continue;
     }
     last_field_idx = field_idx;
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
     char c = descriptor[0];
     switch (c) {
@@ -3400,7 +3399,7 @@
 }
 
 void ClassLinker::SetupClass(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                             const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
+                             const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
                              Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
                              ObjPtr<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader) {
   CHECK(klass != nullptr);
@@ -3481,7 +3480,7 @@
 
 void ClassLinker::LoadClass(Thread* self,
                             const DexFile& dex_file,
-                            const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
+                            const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
                             Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file,
                          dex_class_def,
@@ -3606,7 +3605,7 @@
                              Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
                              ArtMethod* dst) {
   const uint32_t dex_method_idx = method.GetIndex();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
   const char* method_name = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
 
   ScopedAssertNoThreadSuspension ants("LoadMethod");
@@ -4987,7 +4986,7 @@
     }
     // Check if there are encoded static values needing initialization.
     if (klass->NumStaticFields() != 0) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+      const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
       DCHECK(dex_class_def != nullptr);
       if (dex_class_def->static_values_off_ != 0) {
         return false;
@@ -5204,7 +5203,7 @@
 
   const size_t num_static_fields = klass->NumStaticFields();
   if (num_static_fields > 0) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+    const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
     CHECK(dex_class_def != nullptr);
     StackHandleScope<3> hs(self);
     Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetClassLoader()));
@@ -5413,8 +5412,8 @@
   DCHECK(Thread::Current()->IsExceptionPending());
   DCHECK(!m->IsProxyMethod());
   const DexFile* dex_file = m->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(m->GetDexMethodIndex());
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(m->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
   dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx = proto_id.return_type_idx_;
   std::string return_type = dex_file->PrettyType(return_type_idx);
   std::string class_loader = mirror::Object::PrettyTypeOf(m->GetDeclaringClass()->GetClassLoader());
@@ -5492,8 +5491,8 @@
       return false;
     }
   }
-  const DexFile::TypeList* types1 = method1->GetParameterTypeList();
-  const DexFile::TypeList* types2 = method2->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* types1 = method1->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* types2 = method2->GetParameterTypeList();
   if (types1 == nullptr) {
     if (types2 != nullptr && types2->Size() != 0) {
       ThrowSignatureMismatch(klass, super_klass, method1,
@@ -5852,7 +5851,7 @@
 
 bool ClassLinker::LoadSuperAndInterfaces(Handle<mirror::Class> klass, const DexFile& dex_file) {
   CHECK_EQ(ClassStatus::kIdx, klass->GetStatus());
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(klass->GetDexClassDefIndex());
+  const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file.GetClassDef(klass->GetDexClassDefIndex());
   dex::TypeIndex super_class_idx = class_def.superclass_idx_;
   if (super_class_idx.IsValid()) {
     // Check that a class does not inherit from itself directly.
@@ -5883,7 +5882,7 @@
     CHECK(super_class->IsResolved());
     klass->SetSuperClass(super_class);
   }
-  const DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file.GetInterfacesList(class_def);
+  const dex::TypeList* interfaces = dex_file.GetInterfacesList(class_def);
   if (interfaces != nullptr) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < interfaces->Size(); i++) {
       dex::TypeIndex idx = interfaces->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_;
@@ -6027,7 +6026,7 @@
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     DCHECK(!other->IsProxyMethod()) << other->PrettyMethod();
     const DexFile* other_dex_file = other->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::MethodId& other_mid = other_dex_file->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& other_mid = other_dex_file->GetMethodId(other->GetDexMethodIndex());
     if (dex_file_ == other_dex_file) {
       return mid_->name_idx_ == other_mid.name_idx_ && mid_->proto_idx_ == other_mid.proto_idx_;
     }
@@ -6045,7 +6044,7 @@
   // Dex file for the method to compare against.
   const DexFile* const dex_file_;
   // MethodId for the method to compare against.
-  const DexFile::MethodId* const mid_;
+  const dex::MethodId* const mid_;
   // Lazily computed name from the dex file's strings.
   const char* name_;
   // Lazily computed name length.
@@ -8336,7 +8335,7 @@
     return resolved;
   }
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = nullptr;
   if (valid_dex_cache_method) {
     // We have a valid method from the DexCache but we need to perform ICCE and IAE checks.
@@ -8417,7 +8416,7 @@
     return resolved;
   }
   // Fail, get the declaring class.
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_cache->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_cache->GetDexFile()->GetMethodId(method_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = ResolveType(method_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
   if (klass == nullptr) {
     Thread::Current()->AssertPendingException();
@@ -8443,7 +8442,7 @@
                                            ObjPtr<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                            bool is_static) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = dex_cache->GetResolvedType(field_id.class_idx_);
   if (klass == nullptr) {
     klass = LookupResolvedType(field_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
@@ -8468,7 +8467,7 @@
     return resolved;
   }
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = ResolveType(field_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
   if (klass == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(Thread::Current()->IsExceptionPending());
@@ -8494,7 +8493,7 @@
     return resolved;
   }
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = ResolveType(field_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader);
   if (klass == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(Thread::Current()->IsExceptionPending());
@@ -8523,7 +8522,7 @@
                        : klass->FindInstanceField(dex_cache, field_idx);
 
   if (resolved == nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
     const char* name = dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id);
     const char* type = dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
     resolved = is_static ? mirror::Class::FindStaticField(self, klass, name, type)
@@ -8551,7 +8550,7 @@
   ArtField* resolved = nullptr;
   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_idx);
 
   const char* name = dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id);
   const char* type = dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
@@ -8588,7 +8587,7 @@
 
   // First resolve the return type.
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(proto_idx);
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetProtoId(proto_idx);
   Handle<mirror::Class> return_type(hs.NewHandle(
       ResolveType(proto_id.return_type_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader)));
   if (return_type == nullptr) {
@@ -8644,7 +8643,7 @@
 
 mirror::MethodHandle* ClassLinker::ResolveMethodHandleForField(
     Thread* self,
-    const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
+    const dex::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
     ArtMethod* referrer) {
   DexFile::MethodHandleType handle_type =
       static_cast<DexFile::MethodHandleType>(method_handle.method_handle_type_);
@@ -8772,7 +8771,7 @@
 
 mirror::MethodHandle* ClassLinker::ResolveMethodHandleForMethod(
     Thread* self,
-    const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
+    const dex::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
     ArtMethod* referrer) {
   DexFile::MethodHandleType handle_type =
       static_cast<DexFile::MethodHandleType>(method_handle.method_handle_type_);
@@ -8895,7 +8894,7 @@
   }
 
   const DexFile* dex_file = referrer->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_handle.field_or_method_idx_);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_handle.field_or_method_idx_);
   int32_t index = 0;
   if (receiver_count != 0) {
     // Insert receiver. Use the class identified in the method handle rather than the declaring
@@ -8907,7 +8906,7 @@
     method_params->Set(index++, receiver_class);
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_);
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_);
   DexFileParameterIterator it(*dex_file, proto_id);
   while (it.HasNext()) {
     DCHECK_LT(index, num_params);
@@ -8951,7 +8950,7 @@
                                                               ArtMethod* referrer)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile* const dex_file = referrer->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& method_handle = dex_file->GetMethodHandle(method_handle_idx);
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem& method_handle = dex_file->GetMethodHandle(method_handle_idx);
   switch (static_cast<DexFile::MethodHandleType>(method_handle.method_handle_type_)) {
     case DexFile::MethodHandleType::kStaticPut:
     case DexFile::MethodHandleType::kStaticGet:
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker.h b/runtime/class_linker.h
index d0a7c9b..fa5df44 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker.h
+++ b/runtime/class_linker.h
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "dex/class_accessor.h"
 #include "dex/dex_cache_resolved_classes.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_types.h"
 #include "gc_root.h"
 #include "handle.h"
@@ -39,6 +38,10 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace gc {
 namespace space {
 class ImageSpace;
@@ -73,6 +76,7 @@
 class ClassHierarchyAnalysis;
 enum class ClassRoot : uint32_t;
 class ClassTable;
+class DexFile;
 template<class T> class Handle;
 class ImtConflictTable;
 template<typename T> class LengthPrefixedArray;
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@
                                     size_t hash,
                                     Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                     const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                    const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def)
+                                    const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
       REQUIRES(!Locks::dex_lock_);
 
@@ -844,19 +848,19 @@
   // Precomputes size needed for Class, in the case of a non-temporary class this size must be
   // sufficient to hold all static fields.
   uint32_t SizeOfClassWithoutEmbeddedTables(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                            const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def);
+                                            const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def);
 
   // Setup the classloader, class def index, type idx so that we can insert this class in the class
   // table.
   void SetupClass(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                  const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
+                  const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
                   Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
                   ObjPtr<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   void LoadClass(Thread* self,
                  const DexFile& dex_file,
-                 const DexFile::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
+                 const dex::ClassDef& dex_class_def,
                  Handle<mirror::Class> klass)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
@@ -1028,12 +1032,12 @@
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   mirror::MethodHandle* ResolveMethodHandleForField(Thread* self,
-                                                    const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
+                                                    const dex::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
                                                     ArtMethod* referrer)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   mirror::MethodHandle* ResolveMethodHandleForMethod(Thread* self,
-                                                     const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
+                                                     const dex::MethodHandleItem& method_handle,
                                                      ArtMethod* referrer)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
@@ -1403,9 +1407,9 @@
                               Handle<mirror::Class> klass ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                               Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                               const DexFile& initial_dex_file ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                              const DexFile::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                              const dex::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                               /*out*/DexFile const** final_dex_file ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                              /*out*/DexFile::ClassDef const** final_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+                              /*out*/dex::ClassDef const** final_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {}
 
   // A class has been loaded.
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker_test.cc b/runtime/class_linker_test.cc
index 061c788..f3aefc2 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/class_linker_test.cc
@@ -429,13 +429,13 @@
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     // Verify all the classes defined in this file
     for (size_t i = 0; i < dex.NumClassDefs(); i++) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex.GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex.GetClassDef(i);
       const char* descriptor = dex.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       AssertDexFileClass(class_loader, descriptor);
     }
     // Verify all the types referenced by this file
     for (size_t i = 0; i < dex.NumTypeIds(); i++) {
-      const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex.GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex(i));
+      const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex.GetTypeId(dex::TypeIndex(i));
       const char* descriptor = dex.GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
       AssertDexFileClass(class_loader, descriptor);
     }
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@
   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache = hs.NewHandle(all_fields_klass->GetDexCache());
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
   // Get the index of the array class we want to test.
-  const DexFile::TypeId* array_id = dex_file.FindTypeId("[Ljava/lang/Object;");
+  const dex::TypeId* array_id = dex_file.FindTypeId("[Ljava/lang/Object;");
   ASSERT_TRUE(array_id != nullptr);
   dex::TypeIndex array_idx = dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*array_id);
   // Check that the array class wasn't resolved yet.
@@ -1323,7 +1323,7 @@
       klass->FindClassMethod("getS0", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", kRuntimePointerSize);
   ASSERT_TRUE(getS0 != nullptr);
   ASSERT_TRUE(getS0->IsStatic());
-  const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LStaticsFromCode;");
+  const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LStaticsFromCode;");
   ASSERT_TRUE(type_id != nullptr);
   dex::TypeIndex type_idx = dex_file->GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> uninit = ResolveVerifyAndClinit(type_idx,
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@
   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache = hs.NewHandle(
       class_linker_->FindDexCache(soa.Self(), dex_file));
 
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method1_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method1->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method1_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method1->GetDexMethodIndex());
 
   // This is the MethodType corresponding to the prototype of
   // String MethodTypes# method1(String).
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@
       kRuntimePointerSize);
   ASSERT_TRUE(method2 != nullptr);
   ASSERT_FALSE(method2->IsDirect());
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method2_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method2->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method2_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method2->GetDexMethodIndex());
   Handle<mirror::MethodType> method2_type = hs.NewHandle(
       class_linker_->ResolveMethodType(soa.Self(), method2_id.proto_idx_, dex_cache, class_loader));
   ASSERT_OBJ_PTR_NE(method1_type.Get(), method2_type.Get());
diff --git a/runtime/common_dex_operations.h b/runtime/common_dex_operations.h
index 5c5431d..1c95622 100644
--- a/runtime/common_dex_operations.h
+++ b/runtime/common_dex_operations.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "class_linker.h"
 #include "dex/code_item_accessors.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "dex/primitive.h"
 #include "handle_scope-inl.h"
 #include "instrumentation.h"
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@
 
 namespace interpreter {
   void ArtInterpreterToInterpreterBridge(Thread* self,
-                                        const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                        const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                         ShadowFrame* shadow_frame,
                                         JValue* result)
      REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
diff --git a/runtime/debugger.cc b/runtime/debugger.cc
index 80140b3..adf01c3 100644
--- a/runtime/debugger.cc
+++ b/runtime/debugger.cc
@@ -3927,7 +3927,7 @@
       StackHandleScope<2> hs(soa.Self());
       HandleWrapper<mirror::Object> h_obj(hs.NewHandleWrapper(&receiver));
       HandleWrapper<mirror::Class> h_klass(hs.NewHandleWrapper(&c));
-      const DexFile::TypeList* types = m->GetParameterTypeList();
+      const dex::TypeList* types = m->GetParameterTypeList();
       for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_count; ++i) {
         if (shorty[i + 1] != JdwpTagToShortyChar(arg_types[i])) {
           return JDWP::ERR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
diff --git a/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.cc b/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.cc
index 9127a27..e75baf8 100644
--- a/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.cc
+++ b/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.cc
@@ -44,6 +44,15 @@
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 
+using dex::AnnotationItem;
+using dex::AnnotationSetItem;
+using dex::AnnotationSetRefItem;
+using dex::AnnotationSetRefList;
+using dex::AnnotationsDirectoryItem;
+using dex::FieldAnnotationsItem;
+using dex::MethodAnnotationsItem;
+using dex::ParameterAnnotationsItem;
+
 struct DexFile::AnnotationValue {
   JValue value_;
   uint8_t type_;
@@ -75,7 +84,7 @@
     return dex_file_;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* GetClassDef() const REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
+  const dex::ClassDef* GetClassDef() const REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     return class_def_;
   }
 
@@ -107,7 +116,7 @@
   ClassData(Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
             ArtMethod* method,
             const DexFile& dex_file,
-            const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
+            const dex::ClassDef* class_def) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
       : real_klass_(klass),
         method_(method),
         dex_file_(dex_file),
@@ -118,7 +127,7 @@
   Handle<mirror::Class> real_klass_;
   ArtMethod* method_;
   const DexFile& dex_file_;
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def_;
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def_;
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ClassData);
 };
@@ -137,21 +146,20 @@
   return actual == expected;
 }
 
-const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForField(ArtField* field)
+const AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForField(ArtField* field)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile* dex_file = field->GetDexFile();
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = field->GetDeclaringClass();
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
   if (class_def == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(klass->IsProxyClass());
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
-      dex_file->GetAnnotationsDirectory(*class_def);
+  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir = dex_file->GetAnnotationsDirectory(*class_def);
   if (annotations_dir == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::FieldAnnotationsItem* field_annotations =
+  const FieldAnnotationsItem* field_annotations =
       dex_file->GetFieldAnnotations(annotations_dir);
   if (field_annotations == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -166,14 +174,14 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::AnnotationItem* SearchAnnotationSet(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                   const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
-                                                   const char* descriptor,
-                                                   uint32_t visibility)
+const AnnotationItem* SearchAnnotationSet(const DexFile& dex_file,
+                                          const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
+                                          const char* descriptor,
+                                          uint32_t visibility)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* result = nullptr;
+  const AnnotationItem* result = nullptr;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < annotation_set->size_; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
+    const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
     if (!IsVisibilityCompatible(annotation_item->visibility_, visibility)) {
       continue;
     }
@@ -268,16 +276,14 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForMethod(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                             const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                                             uint32_t method_index) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
-      dex_file.GetAnnotationsDirectory(class_def);
+const AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForMethod(const DexFile& dex_file,
+                                                    const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                                    uint32_t method_index) {
+  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir = dex_file.GetAnnotationsDirectory(class_def);
   if (annotations_dir == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::MethodAnnotationsItem* method_annotations =
-      dex_file.GetMethodAnnotations(annotations_dir);
+  const MethodAnnotationsItem* method_annotations = dex_file.GetMethodAnnotations(annotations_dir);
   if (method_annotations == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -290,7 +296,7 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-inline const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForMethod(ArtMethod* method)
+inline const AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForMethod(ArtMethod* method)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   if (method->IsProxyMethod()) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -300,15 +306,15 @@
                                     method->GetDexMethodIndex());
 }
 
-const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(ArtMethod* method)
+const ParameterAnnotationsItem* FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(ArtMethod* method)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
+  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
       dex_file->GetAnnotationsDirectory(method->GetClassDef());
   if (annotations_dir == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
+  const ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
       dex_file->GetParameterAnnotations(annotations_dir);
   if (parameter_annotations == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -323,16 +329,15 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForClass(const ClassData& klass)
+const AnnotationSetItem* FindAnnotationSetForClass(const ClassData& klass)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass.GetClassDef();
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass.GetClassDef();
   if (class_def == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(klass.GetRealClass()->IsProxyClass());
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
-      dex_file.GetAnnotationsDirectory(*class_def);
+  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir = dex_file.GetAnnotationsDirectory(*class_def);
   if (annotations_dir == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -768,15 +773,14 @@
   return new_member.Get();
 }
 
-const DexFile::AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
-    const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
-    uint32_t visibility,
-    Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class)
+const AnnotationItem* GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(const ClassData& klass,
+                                                         const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
+                                                         uint32_t visibility,
+                                                         Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < annotation_set->size_; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
+    const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
     if (!IsVisibilityCompatible(annotation_item->visibility_, visibility)) {
       continue;
     }
@@ -805,13 +809,12 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationObjectFromAnnotationSet(
-    const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
-    uint32_t visibility,
-    Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class)
+ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationObjectFromAnnotationSet(const ClassData& klass,
+                                                            const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
+                                                            uint32_t visibility,
+                                                            Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
       klass, annotation_set, visibility, annotation_class);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -821,7 +824,7 @@
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationValue(const ClassData& klass,
-                                          const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item,
+                                          const AnnotationItem* annotation_item,
                                           const char* annotation_name,
                                           Handle<mirror::Class> array_class,
                                           uint32_t expected_type)
@@ -855,11 +858,11 @@
 
 static ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::String>> GetSignatureValue(
     const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set)
+    const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
   StackHandleScope<1> hs(Thread::Current());
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(dex_file, annotation_set, "Ldalvik/annotation/Signature;",
                           DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
@@ -877,12 +880,11 @@
   return obj->AsObjectArray<mirror::String>();
 }
 
-ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> GetThrowsValue(
-    const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set)
+ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> GetThrowsValue(const ClassData& klass,
+                                                          const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(dex_file, annotation_set, "Ldalvik/annotation/Throws;",
                           DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
@@ -903,7 +905,7 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> ProcessAnnotationSet(
     const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
+    const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set,
     uint32_t visibility)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
@@ -925,7 +927,7 @@
 
   uint32_t dest_index = 0;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
+    const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(annotation_set, i);
     // Note that we do not use IsVisibilityCompatible here because older code
     // was correct for this case.
     if (annotation_item->visibility_ != visibility) {
@@ -961,7 +963,7 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> ProcessAnnotationSetRefList(
     const ClassData& klass,
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list,
+    const AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list,
     uint32_t size)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass.GetDexFile();
@@ -982,8 +984,8 @@
     return nullptr;
   }
   for (uint32_t index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefItem* set_ref_item = &set_ref_list->list_[index];
-    const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* set_item = dex_file.GetSetRefItemItem(set_ref_item);
+    const AnnotationSetRefItem* set_ref_item = &set_ref_list->list_[index];
+    const AnnotationSetItem* set_item = dex_file.GetSetRefItemItem(set_ref_item);
     ObjPtr<mirror::Object> annotation_set = ProcessAnnotationSet(klass,
                                                                  set_item,
                                                                  DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime);
@@ -1000,7 +1002,7 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationForField(ArtField* field,
                                              Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1013,14 +1015,14 @@
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> GetAnnotationsForField(ArtField* field) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
   StackHandleScope<1> hs(Thread::Current());
   const ClassData field_class(hs, field);
   return ProcessAnnotationSet(field_class, annotation_set, DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime);
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::String>> GetSignatureAnnotationForField(ArtField* field) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1030,13 +1032,13 @@
 }
 
 bool IsFieldAnnotationPresent(ArtField* field, Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForField(field);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
   StackHandleScope<1> hs(Thread::Current());
   const ClassData field_class(hs, field);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
       field_class, annotation_set, DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime, annotation_class);
   return annotation_item != nullptr;
 }
@@ -1044,17 +1046,17 @@
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationDefaultValue(ArtMethod* method) {
   const ClassData klass(method);
   const DexFile* dex_file = &klass.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
+  const AnnotationsDirectoryItem* annotations_dir =
       dex_file->GetAnnotationsDirectory(*klass.GetClassDef());
   if (annotations_dir == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
       dex_file->GetClassAnnotationSet(annotations_dir);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(*dex_file, annotation_set,
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(*dex_file, annotation_set,
       "Ldalvik/annotation/AnnotationDefault;", DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1087,7 +1089,7 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationForMethod(ArtMethod* method,
                                               Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1096,14 +1098,14 @@
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> GetAnnotationsForMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   return ProcessAnnotationSet(ClassData(method),
                               annotation_set,
                               DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime);
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> GetExceptionTypesForMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1112,12 +1114,12 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> GetParameterAnnotations(ArtMethod* method) {
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
+  const ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
       FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(method);
   if (parameter_annotations == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
+  const AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
       dex_file->GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(parameter_annotations);
   if (set_ref_list == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1128,12 +1130,12 @@
 
 uint32_t GetNumberOfAnnotatedMethodParameters(ArtMethod* method) {
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
+  const ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
       FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(method);
   if (parameter_annotations == nullptr) {
     return 0u;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
+  const AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
       dex_file->GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(parameter_annotations);
   if (set_ref_list == nullptr) {
     return 0u;
@@ -1145,12 +1147,11 @@
                                                        uint32_t parameter_idx,
                                                        Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations =
-      FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(method);
+  const ParameterAnnotationsItem* parameter_annotations = FindAnnotationsItemForMethod(method);
   if (parameter_annotations == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
+  const AnnotationSetRefList* set_ref_list =
       dex_file->GetParameterAnnotationSetRefList(parameter_annotations);
   if (set_ref_list == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1158,8 +1159,8 @@
   if (parameter_idx >= set_ref_list->size_) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetRefItem* annotation_set_ref = &set_ref_list->list_[parameter_idx];
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
+  const AnnotationSetRefItem* annotation_set_ref = &set_ref_list->list_[parameter_idx];
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
      dex_file->GetSetRefItemItem(annotation_set_ref);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1174,14 +1175,14 @@
     ArtMethod* method,
     /*out*/ MutableHandle<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::String>>* names,
     /*out*/ MutableHandle<mirror::IntArray>* access_flags) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
       FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
 
   const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(*dex_file,
                           annotation_set,
                           "Ldalvik/annotation/MethodParameters;",
@@ -1228,7 +1229,7 @@
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::String>> GetSignatureAnnotationForMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1238,11 +1239,11 @@
 bool IsMethodAnnotationPresent(ArtMethod* method,
                                Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class,
                                uint32_t visibility /* = DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime */) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForMethod(method);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
       ClassData(method), annotation_set, visibility, annotation_class);
   return annotation_item != nullptr;
 }
@@ -1263,11 +1264,11 @@
 // Check whether a method from the `dex_file` with the given `annotation_set`
 // is annotated with `annotation_descriptor` with build visibility.
 static bool IsMethodBuildAnnotationPresent(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                           const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem& annotation_set,
+                                           const AnnotationSetItem& annotation_set,
                                            const char* annotation_descriptor,
                                            jclass annotation_class) {
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < annotation_set.size_; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(&annotation_set, i);
+    const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = dex_file.GetAnnotationItem(&annotation_set, i);
     if (!IsVisibilityCompatible(annotation_item->visibility_, DexFile::kDexVisibilityBuild)) {
       continue;
     }
@@ -1283,9 +1284,9 @@
 }
 
 uint32_t GetNativeMethodAnnotationAccessFlags(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                              const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                              const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                               uint32_t method_index) {
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
+  const dex::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set =
       FindAnnotationSetForMethod(dex_file, class_def, method_index);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return 0u;
@@ -1312,7 +1313,7 @@
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetAnnotationForClass(Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
                                              Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1324,17 +1325,17 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> GetAnnotationsForClass(Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   return ProcessAnnotationSet(data, annotation_set, DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime);
 }
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> GetDeclaredClasses(Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(data.GetDexFile(), annotation_set, "Ldalvik/annotation/MemberClasses;",
                           DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
@@ -1355,11 +1356,11 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Class> GetDeclaringClass(Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(data.GetDexFile(), annotation_set, "Ldalvik/annotation/EnclosingClass;",
                           DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
@@ -1382,11 +1383,11 @@
     return declaring_class;
   }
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(data.GetDexFile(),
                           annotation_set,
                           "Ldalvik/annotation/EnclosingMethod;",
@@ -1423,11 +1424,11 @@
 
 ObjPtr<mirror::Object> GetEnclosingMethod(Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(data.GetDexFile(),
                           annotation_set,
                           "Ldalvik/annotation/EnclosingMethod;",
@@ -1441,11 +1442,11 @@
 
 bool GetInnerClass(Handle<mirror::Class> klass, /*out*/ ObjPtr<mirror::String>* name) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(
       data.GetDexFile(),
       annotation_set,
       "Ldalvik/annotation/InnerClass;",
@@ -1476,11 +1477,11 @@
 
 bool GetInnerClassFlags(Handle<mirror::Class> klass, uint32_t* flags) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item =
       SearchAnnotationSet(data.GetDexFile(), annotation_set, "Ldalvik/annotation/InnerClass;",
                           DexFile::kDexVisibilitySystem);
   if (annotation_item == nullptr) {
@@ -1509,7 +1510,7 @@
 ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::String>> GetSignatureAnnotationForClass(
     Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1526,12 +1527,12 @@
   }
 
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = SearchAnnotationSet(
       data.GetDexFile(),
       annotation_set,
       "Ldalvik/annotation/SourceDebugExtension;",
@@ -1562,11 +1563,11 @@
 
 bool IsClassAnnotationPresent(Handle<mirror::Class> klass, Handle<mirror::Class> annotation_class) {
   ClassData data(klass);
-  const DexFile::AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
+  const AnnotationSetItem* annotation_set = FindAnnotationSetForClass(data);
   if (annotation_set == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
-  const DexFile::AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
+  const AnnotationItem* annotation_item = GetAnnotationItemFromAnnotationSet(
       data, annotation_set, DexFile::kDexVisibilityRuntime, annotation_class);
   return annotation_item != nullptr;
 }
diff --git a/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.h b/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.h
index bde7891..3625cee 100644
--- a/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.h
+++ b/runtime/dex/dex_file_annotations.h
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #define ART_RUNTIME_DEX_DEX_FILE_ANNOTATIONS_H_
 
 #include "dex/dex_file.h"
-
 #include "handle.h"
 #include "mirror/dex_cache.h"
 #include "mirror/object_array.h"
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@
 // @dalvik.annotation.optimization.CriticalNative with build visibility.
 // If yes, return the associated access flags, i.e. kAccFastNative or kAccCriticalNative.
 uint32_t GetNativeMethodAnnotationAccessFlags(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                              const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                              const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                               uint32_t method_index);
 
 // Class annotations.
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@
   RuntimeEncodedStaticFieldValueIterator(Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                          Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                          ClassLinker* linker,
-                                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def)
+                                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
       : EncodedStaticFieldValueIterator(*dex_cache->GetDexFile(), class_def),
         dex_cache_(dex_cache),
diff --git a/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.cc b/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.cc
index aff9b47..d078d6f 100644
--- a/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.cc
+++ b/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.cc
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 class DexDecompiler {
  public:
   DexDecompiler(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item,
+                const dex::CodeItem& code_item,
                 const ArrayRef<const uint8_t>& quickened_info,
                 bool decompile_return_instruction)
     : code_item_accessor_(dex_file, &code_item),
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
 }
 
 bool ArtDecompileDEX(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item,
+                     const dex::CodeItem& code_item,
                      const ArrayRef<const uint8_t>& quickened_info,
                      bool decompile_return_instruction) {
   if (quickened_info.size() == 0 && !decompile_return_instruction) {
diff --git a/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.h b/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.h
index 93711d1..4b6b0f7 100644
--- a/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.h
+++ b/runtime/dex_to_dex_decompiler.h
@@ -18,9 +18,15 @@
 #define ART_RUNTIME_DEX_TO_DEX_DECOMPILER_H_
 
 #include "base/array_ref.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 
 namespace art {
+
+class DexFile;
+
+namespace dex {
+struct CodeItem;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace optimizer {
 
 // "Decompile", that is unquicken, the code item provided, given the
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@
 // consistent with DexToDexCompiler, but we should really change it to
 // DexFile::CodeItem*.
 bool ArtDecompileDEX(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                     const DexFile::CodeItem& code_item,
+                     const dex::CodeItem& code_item,
                      const ArrayRef<const uint8_t>& quickened_data,
                      bool decompile_return_instruction);
 
diff --git a/runtime/hidden_api.cc b/runtime/hidden_api.cc
index e0939dd..c146daa 100644
--- a/runtime/hidden_api.cc
+++ b/runtime/hidden_api.cc
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 
 MemberSignature::MemberSignature(const ClassAccessor::Field& field) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = field.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
   class_name_ = dex_file.GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(field_id);
   member_name_ = dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id);
   type_signature_ = dex_file.GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 
 MemberSignature::MemberSignature(const ClassAccessor::Method& method) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = method.GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
   class_name_ = dex_file.GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(method_id);
   member_name_ = dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id);
   type_signature_ = dex_file.GetMethodSignature(method_id).ToString();
@@ -282,14 +282,14 @@
 }
 
 static void VisitMembers(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                          const std::function<void(const ClassAccessor::Field&)>& fn_visit) {
   ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, class_def, /* parse_hiddenapi_class_data= */ true);
   accessor.VisitFields(fn_visit, fn_visit);
 }
 
 static void VisitMembers(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                          const std::function<void(const ClassAccessor::Method&)>& fn_visit) {
   ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, class_def, /* parse_hiddenapi_class_data= */ true);
   accessor.VisitMethods(fn_visit, fn_visit);
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
   if (LIKELY(original_dex == nullptr)) {
     // Class is not redefined. Find the class def, iterate over its members and
     // find the entry corresponding to this `member`.
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = declaring_class->GetClassDef();
+    const dex::ClassDef* class_def = declaring_class->GetClassDef();
     if (class_def == nullptr) {
       flags = kNoDexFlags;
     } else {
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
     // to access a hidden member of a JVMTI-redefined class.
     uint16_t class_def_idx = ext->GetPreRedefineClassDefIndex();
     DCHECK_NE(class_def_idx, DexFile::kDexNoIndex16);
-    const DexFile::ClassDef& original_class_def = original_dex->GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
+    const dex::ClassDef& original_class_def = original_dex->GetClassDef(class_def_idx);
     MemberSignature member_signature(member);
     auto fn_visit = [&](const AccessorType& dex_member) {
       MemberSignature cur_signature(dex_member);
diff --git a/runtime/imtable-inl.h b/runtime/imtable-inl.h
index 93346f6..21e3eb1 100644
--- a/runtime/imtable-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/imtable-inl.h
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     }
 
     const DexFile* dex_file = method->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method->GetDexMethodIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method->GetDexMethodIndex());
 
     // Class descriptor for the class component.
     *class_hash = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(dex_file->GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(method_id));
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
     // Method name for the method component.
     *name_hash = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(dex_file->GetMethodName(method_id));
 
-    const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
+    const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
 
     // Read the proto for the signature component.
     uint32_t tmp = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@
     // Mix in the argument types.
     // Note: we could consider just using the shorty. This would be faster, at the price of
     //       potential collisions.
-    const DexFile::TypeList* param_types = dex_file->GetProtoParameters(proto_id);
+    const dex::TypeList* param_types = dex_file->GetProtoParameters(proto_id);
     if (param_types != nullptr) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i != param_types->Size(); ++i) {
-        const DexFile::TypeItem& type = param_types->GetTypeItem(i);
+        const dex::TypeItem& type = param_types->GetTypeItem(i);
         tmp = 31 * tmp + ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(
             dex_file->GetTypeDescriptor(dex_file->GetTypeId(type.type_idx_)));
       }
diff --git a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.cc b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.cc
index e52a1c9..7a40ab4 100644
--- a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.cc
+++ b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.cc
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@
                                                                   const DexFile* dex_file,
                                                                   uint32_t call_site_idx)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& csi = dex_file->GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem& csi = dex_file->GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
   CallSiteArrayValueIterator it(*dex_file, csi);
   DCHECK_GE(it.Size(), 1u);
 
@@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
   static constexpr size_t kMandatoryArgumentsCount = 3;
   ArtMethod* referrer = shadow_frame.GetMethod();
   const DexFile* dex_file = referrer->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::CallSiteIdItem& csi = dex_file->GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
+  const dex::CallSiteIdItem& csi = dex_file->GetCallSiteId(call_site_idx);
   CallSiteArrayValueIterator it(*dex_file, csi);
   if (it.Size() < kMandatoryArgumentsCount) {
     ThrowBootstrapMethodError("Truncated bootstrap arguments (%zu < %zu)",
@@ -1637,7 +1637,7 @@
 
     // We need to do runtime check on reference assignment. We need to load the shorty
     // to get the exact type of each reference argument.
-    const DexFile::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
+    const dex::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
     uint32_t shorty_len = 0;
     const char* shorty = method->GetShorty(&shorty_len);
 
diff --git a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
index d1896e6..6366035 100644
--- a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
+++ b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@
 
 static inline bool IsStringInit(const DexFile* dex_file, uint32_t method_idx)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx);
   const char* class_name = dex_file->StringByTypeIdx(method_id.class_idx_);
   const char* method_name = dex_file->GetMethodName(method_id);
   // Instead of calling ResolveMethod() which has suspend point and can trigger
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/class-inl.h b/runtime/mirror/class-inl.h
index 679ca43..bdad412 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/class-inl.h
+++ b/runtime/mirror/class-inl.h
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@
     return ProxyDescriptorEquals(match);
   } else {
     const DexFile& dex_file = GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
     return strcmp(dex_file.GetTypeDescriptor(type_id), match) == 0;
   }
 }
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@
     ObjectArray<Class>* interfaces = GetProxyInterfaces();
     return interfaces != nullptr ? interfaces->GetLength() : 0;
   } else {
-    const DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = GetInterfaceTypeList();
+    const dex::TypeList* interfaces = GetInterfaceTypeList();
     if (interfaces == nullptr) {
       return 0;
     } else {
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/class.cc b/runtime/mirror/class.cc
index c5ed1bf..515394a 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/class.cc
+++ b/runtime/mirror/class.cc
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@
                                       PointerSize pointer_size) {
   // We always search by name and signature, ignoring the type index in the MethodId.
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
   StringPiece name = dex_file.StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
   const Signature signature = dex_file.GetMethodSignature(method_id);
   return FindInterfaceMethod(name, signature, pointer_size);
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@
   }
   // If not found, we need to search by name and signature.
   const DexFile& dex_file = *dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
   const Signature signature = dex_file.GetMethodSignature(method_id);
   StringPiece name;  // Delay strlen() until actually needed.
   // If we do not have a dex_cache match, try to find the declared method in this class now.
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@
       // Matching dex_cache. We cannot compare the `dex_method_idx` anymore because
       // the type index differs, so compare the name index and proto index.
       for (ArtMethod& method : declared_methods) {
-        const DexFile::MethodId& cmp_method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetDexMethodIndex());
+        const dex::MethodId& cmp_method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetDexMethodIndex());
         if (cmp_method_id.name_idx_ == method_id.name_idx_ &&
             cmp_method_id.proto_idx_ == method_id.proto_idx_) {
           candidate_method = &method;
@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@
     return storage->c_str();
   } else {
     const DexFile& dex_file = GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
     return dex_file.GetTypeDescriptor(type_id);
   }
 }
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@
   return storage->c_str();
 }
 
-const DexFile::ClassDef* Class::GetClassDef() {
+const dex::ClassDef* Class::GetClassDef() {
   uint16_t class_def_idx = GetDexClassDefIndex();
   if (class_def_idx == DexFile::kDexNoIndex16) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@
 
 const char* Class::GetSourceFile() {
   const DexFile& dex_file = GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def = GetClassDef();
+  const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def = GetClassDef();
   if (dex_class_def == nullptr) {
     // Generated classes have no class def.
     return nullptr;
@@ -1103,8 +1103,8 @@
   return "generated class";
 }
 
-const DexFile::TypeList* Class::GetInterfaceTypeList() {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = GetClassDef();
+const dex::TypeList* Class::GetInterfaceTypeList() {
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = GetClassDef();
   if (class_def == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
 
 dex::TypeIndex Class::FindTypeIndexInOtherDexFile(const DexFile& dex_file) {
   std::string temp;
-  const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(GetDescriptor(&temp));
+  const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(GetDescriptor(&temp));
   return (type_id == nullptr) ? dex::TypeIndex() : dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/class.h b/runtime/mirror/class.h
index d5aa514..8e392bc 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/class.h
+++ b/runtime/mirror/class.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include "base/stride_iterator.h"
 #include "class_flags.h"
 #include "class_status.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_types.h"
 #include "dex/modifiers.h"
 #include "dex/primitive.h"
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 class ArtField;
 class ArtMethod;
 struct ClassOffsets;
+class DexFile;
 template<class T> class Handle;
 enum InvokeType : uint32_t;
 template<typename T> class LengthPrefixedArray;
@@ -1133,7 +1134,7 @@
 
   bool DescriptorEquals(const char* match) REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* GetClassDef() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::ClassDef* GetClassDef() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   ALWAYS_INLINE uint32_t NumDirectInterfaces() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
@@ -1156,7 +1157,7 @@
 
   const DexFile& GetDexFile() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* GetInterfaceTypeList() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  const dex::TypeList* GetInterfaceTypeList() REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Asserts we are initialized or initializing in the given thread.
   void AssertInitializedOrInitializingInThread(Thread* self)
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/dex_cache_test.cc b/runtime/mirror/dex_cache_test.cc
index 36c5ae2..f7c1c02 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/dex_cache_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/mirror/dex_cache_test.cc
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@
   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache = hs.NewHandle(
       class_linker_->FindDexCache(Thread::Current(), dex_file));
 
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method1_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method1->GetDexMethodIndex());
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method2_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method2->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method1_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method1->GetDexMethodIndex());
+  const dex::MethodId& method2_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method2->GetDexMethodIndex());
   Handle<mirror::MethodType> method1_type = hs.NewHandle(
       class_linker_->ResolveMethodType(soa.Self(),
                                        method1_id.proto_idx_,
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/object_test.cc b/runtime/mirror/object_test.cc
index d8c7b1d..f4b8ba5 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/object_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/mirror/object_test.cc
@@ -364,16 +364,16 @@
   Handle<Class> klass =
       hs.NewHandle(class_linker_->FindClass(soa.Self(), "LStaticsFromCode;", loader));
   ArtMethod* clinit = klass->FindClassInitializer(kRuntimePointerSize);
-  const DexFile::TypeId* klass_type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LStaticsFromCode;");
+  const dex::TypeId* klass_type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("LStaticsFromCode;");
   ASSERT_TRUE(klass_type_id != nullptr);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeId* type_type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("Ljava/lang/Object;");
+  const dex::TypeId* type_type_id = dex_file->FindTypeId("Ljava/lang/Object;");
   ASSERT_TRUE(type_type_id != nullptr);
 
-  const DexFile::StringId* name_str_id = dex_file->FindStringId("s0");
+  const dex::StringId* name_str_id = dex_file->FindStringId("s0");
   ASSERT_TRUE(name_str_id != nullptr);
 
-  const DexFile::FieldId* field_id = dex_file->FindFieldId(
+  const dex::FieldId* field_id = dex_file->FindFieldId(
       *klass_type_id, *name_str_id, *type_type_id);
   ASSERT_TRUE(field_id != nullptr);
   uint32_t field_idx = dex_file->GetIndexForFieldId(*field_id);
diff --git a/runtime/native/dalvik_system_DexFile.cc b/runtime/native/dalvik_system_DexFile.cc
index 1da91b0..52482b7 100644
--- a/runtime/native/dalvik_system_DexFile.cc
+++ b/runtime/native/dalvik_system_DexFile.cc
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
   const std::string descriptor(DotToDescriptor(class_name.c_str()));
   const size_t hash(ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(descriptor.c_str()));
   for (auto& dex_file : dex_files) {
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* dex_class_def =
+    const dex::ClassDef* dex_class_def =
         OatDexFile::FindClassDef(*dex_file, descriptor.c_str(), hash);
     if (dex_class_def != nullptr) {
       ScopedObjectAccess soa(env);
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   std::set<const char*, CharPointerComparator> descriptors;
   for (auto& dex_file : dex_files) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < dex_file->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
       const char* descriptor = dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       descriptors.insert(descriptor);
     }
diff --git a/runtime/native/dalvik_system_VMRuntime.cc b/runtime/native/dalvik_system_VMRuntime.cc
index 892d4cc..d705d5f 100644
--- a/runtime/native/dalvik_system_VMRuntime.cc
+++ b/runtime/native/dalvik_system_VMRuntime.cc
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
     return;  // The entry already contains some ArtField.
   }
   const DexFile* dex_file = dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file->GetFieldId(field_idx);
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->LookupResolvedType(
       field_id.class_idx_, dex_cache, /* class_loader= */ nullptr);
   if (klass == nullptr) {
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
     return;  // The entry already contains some ArtMethod.
   }
   const DexFile* dex_file = dex_cache->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file->GetMethodId(method_idx);
   ClassLinker* class_linker = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
 
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass = class_linker->LookupResolvedType(
diff --git a/runtime/native/java_lang_Class.cc b/runtime/native/java_lang_Class.cc
index 612a4b3..d022c3b 100644
--- a/runtime/native/java_lang_Class.cc
+++ b/runtime/native/java_lang_Class.cc
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@
     return soa.AddLocalReference<jobjectArray>(klass->GetProxyInterfaces()->Clone(soa.Self()));
   }
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* iface_list = klass->GetInterfaceTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* iface_list = klass->GetInterfaceTypeList();
   if (iface_list == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
diff --git a/runtime/native/java_lang_reflect_Executable.cc b/runtime/native/java_lang_reflect_Executable.cc
index ada0a64..2ce56b5 100644
--- a/runtime/native/java_lang_reflect_Executable.cc
+++ b/runtime/native/java_lang_reflect_Executable.cc
@@ -275,8 +275,8 @@
   this_method = this_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(kRuntimePointerSize);
   other_method = other_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(kRuntimePointerSize);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* this_list = this_method->GetParameterTypeList();
-  const DexFile::TypeList* other_list = other_method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* this_list = this_method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* other_list = other_method->GetParameterTypeList();
 
   if (this_list == other_list) {
     return 0;
@@ -298,9 +298,9 @@
   }
 
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < this_size; ++i) {
-    const DexFile::TypeId& lhs = this_method->GetDexFile()->GetTypeId(
+    const dex::TypeId& lhs = this_method->GetDexFile()->GetTypeId(
         this_list->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
-    const DexFile::TypeId& rhs = other_method->GetDexFile()->GetTypeId(
+    const dex::TypeId& rhs = other_method->GetDexFile()->GetTypeId(
         other_list->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_);
 
     uint32_t lhs_len, rhs_len;
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
   ArtMethod* method = ArtMethod::FromReflectedMethod(soa, javaMethod);
   method = method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(kRuntimePointerSize);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
   if (params == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
   ArtMethod* method = ArtMethod::FromReflectedMethod(soa, javaMethod);
   method = method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(kRuntimePointerSize);
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* params = method->GetParameterTypeList();
   return (params == nullptr) ? 0 : params->Size();
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file.cc b/runtime/oat_file.cc
index de4826f..f4a8c50 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file.cc
+++ b/runtime/oat_file.cc
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@
 #include "base/unix_file/fd_file.h"
 #include "base/utils.h"
 #include "dex/art_dex_file_loader.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_loader.h"
+#include "dex/dex_file_structs.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_types.h"
 #include "dex/standard_dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/type_lookup_table.h"
@@ -1831,13 +1833,13 @@
                            reinterpret_cast<const OatMethodOffsets*>(methods_pointer));
 }
 
-const DexFile::ClassDef* OatDexFile::FindClassDef(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                                  const char* descriptor,
-                                                  size_t hash) {
+const dex::ClassDef* OatDexFile::FindClassDef(const DexFile& dex_file,
+                                              const char* descriptor,
+                                              size_t hash) {
   const OatDexFile* oat_dex_file = dex_file.GetOatDexFile();
   DCHECK_EQ(ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(descriptor), hash);
   bool used_lookup_table = false;
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* lookup_table_classdef = nullptr;
+  const dex::ClassDef* lookup_table_classdef = nullptr;
   if (LIKELY((oat_dex_file != nullptr) && oat_dex_file->GetTypeLookupTable().Valid())) {
     used_lookup_table = true;
     const uint32_t class_def_idx = oat_dex_file->GetTypeLookupTable().Lookup(descriptor, hash);
@@ -1854,10 +1856,10 @@
     DCHECK(!used_lookup_table);
     return nullptr;
   }
-  const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(descriptor);
+  const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(descriptor);
   if (type_id != nullptr) {
     dex::TypeIndex type_idx = dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id);
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* found_class_def = dex_file.FindClassDef(type_idx);
+    const dex::ClassDef* found_class_def = dex_file.FindClassDef(type_idx);
     if (kIsDebugBuild && used_lookup_table) {
       DCHECK_EQ(found_class_def, lookup_table_classdef);
     }
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file.h b/runtime/oat_file.h
index ab6e62d..3e9c01f 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file.h
+++ b/runtime/oat_file.h
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 #include "base/tracking_safe_map.h"
 #include "class_status.h"
 #include "compiler_filter.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_layout.h"
 #include "dex/type_lookup_table.h"
 #include "dex/utf.h"
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@
 namespace art {
 
 class BitVector;
+class DexFile;
 class ElfFile;
 class DexLayoutSections;
 template <class MirrorType> class GcRoot;
@@ -50,6 +50,10 @@
 class OatQuickMethodHeader;
 class VdexFile;
 
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace gc {
 namespace collector {
 class DummyOatFile;
@@ -500,9 +504,9 @@
 
   // Looks up a class definition by its class descriptor. Hash must be
   // ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(descriptor).
-  static const DexFile::ClassDef* FindClassDef(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                               const char* descriptor,
-                                               size_t hash);
+  static const dex::ClassDef* FindClassDef(const DexFile& dex_file,
+                                           const char* descriptor,
+                                           size_t hash);
 
   // Madvise the dex file based on the state we are moving to.
   static void MadviseDexFile(const DexFile& dex_file, MadviseState state);
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc b/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
index 9552ca3..5aa1ea2 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
+++ b/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
   static BitVector GenerateTypeIndexes(const DexFile* dex_file) {
     BitVector type_indexes(/*start_bits=*/0, /*expandable=*/true, Allocator::GetMallocAllocator());
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < dex_file->NumClassDefs(); ++i) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex_file->GetClassDef(i);
       uint16_t type_idx = class_def.class_idx_.index_;
       type_indexes.SetBit(type_idx);
     }
diff --git a/runtime/reflection.cc b/runtime/reflection.cc
index 8011836..dfd7e64 100644
--- a/runtime/reflection.cc
+++ b/runtime/reflection.cc
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
                                     ArtMethod* m,
                                     Thread* self)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-    const DexFile::TypeList* classes = m->GetParameterTypeList();
+    const dex::TypeList* classes = m->GetParameterTypeList();
     // Set receiver if non-null (method is not static)
     if (receiver != nullptr) {
       Append(receiver);
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@
 
 void CheckMethodArguments(JavaVMExt* vm, ArtMethod* m, uint32_t* args)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params = m->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* params = m->GetParameterTypeList();
   if (params == nullptr) {
     return;  // No arguments so nothing to check.
   }
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@
 bool CheckArgsForInvokeMethod(ArtMethod* np_method,
                               ObjPtr<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>> objects)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  const DexFile::TypeList* classes = np_method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* classes = np_method->GetParameterTypeList();
   uint32_t classes_size = (classes == nullptr) ? 0 : classes->Size();
   uint32_t arg_count = (objects == nullptr) ? 0 : objects->GetLength();
   if (UNLIKELY(arg_count != classes_size)) {
diff --git a/runtime/runtime_callbacks.cc b/runtime/runtime_callbacks.cc
index bf74816..da13eb8 100644
--- a/runtime/runtime_callbacks.cc
+++ b/runtime/runtime_callbacks.cc
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
                                       Handle<mirror::Class> temp_class,
                                       Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> loader,
                                       const DexFile& initial_dex_file,
-                                      const DexFile::ClassDef& initial_class_def,
+                                      const dex::ClassDef& initial_class_def,
                                       /*out*/DexFile const** final_dex_file,
-                                      /*out*/DexFile::ClassDef const** final_class_def) {
+                                      /*out*/dex::ClassDef const** final_class_def) {
   DexFile const* current_dex_file = &initial_dex_file;
-  DexFile::ClassDef const* current_class_def = &initial_class_def;
+  dex::ClassDef const* current_class_def = &initial_class_def;
   for (ClassLoadCallback* cb : class_callbacks_) {
     DexFile const* new_dex_file = nullptr;
-    DexFile::ClassDef const* new_class_def = nullptr;
+    dex::ClassDef const* new_class_def = nullptr;
     cb->ClassPreDefine(descriptor,
                        temp_class,
                        loader,
diff --git a/runtime/runtime_callbacks.h b/runtime/runtime_callbacks.h
index 32ee3aa..41d552a 100644
--- a/runtime/runtime_callbacks.h
+++ b/runtime/runtime_callbacks.h
@@ -22,11 +22,14 @@
 #include "base/array_ref.h"
 #include "base/locks.h"
 #include "base/macros.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "handle.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace mirror {
 class Class;
 class ClassLoader;
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 
 class ArtMethod;
 class ClassLoadCallback;
+class DexFile;
 class Thread;
 class MethodCallback;
 class Monitor;
@@ -183,9 +187,9 @@
                       Handle<mirror::Class> temp_class,
                       Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> loader,
                       const DexFile& initial_dex_file,
-                      const DexFile::ClassDef& initial_class_def,
+                      const dex::ClassDef& initial_class_def,
                       /*out*/DexFile const** final_dex_file,
-                      /*out*/DexFile::ClassDef const** final_class_def)
+                      /*out*/dex::ClassDef const** final_class_def)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   void AddMethodCallback(MethodCallback* cb) REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
diff --git a/runtime/runtime_callbacks_test.cc b/runtime/runtime_callbacks_test.cc
index d08be72..df06a9f 100644
--- a/runtime/runtime_callbacks_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/runtime_callbacks_test.cc
@@ -257,9 +257,9 @@
                         Handle<mirror::Class> klass ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         const DexFile& initial_dex_file,
-                        const DexFile::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                        const dex::ClassDef& initial_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                         /*out*/DexFile const** final_dex_file ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                        /*out*/DexFile::ClassDef const** final_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) override
+                        /*out*/dex::ClassDef const** final_class_def ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) override
         REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
       const std::string& location = initial_dex_file.GetLocation();
       std::string event =
diff --git a/runtime/transaction_test.cc b/runtime/transaction_test.cc
index 3d9afa0..69ded3d 100644
--- a/runtime/transaction_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/transaction_test.cc
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@
 
   // Go search the dex file to find the string id of our string.
   static const char* kResolvedString = "ResolvedString";
-  const DexFile::StringId* string_id = dex_file->FindStringId(kResolvedString);
+  const dex::StringId* string_id = dex_file->FindStringId(kResolvedString);
   ASSERT_TRUE(string_id != nullptr);
   dex::StringIndex string_idx = dex_file->GetIndexForStringId(*string_id);
   ASSERT_TRUE(string_idx.IsValid());
diff --git a/runtime/vdex_file.cc b/runtime/vdex_file.cc
index f24711a..72c42b9 100644
--- a/runtime/vdex_file.cc
+++ b/runtime/vdex_file.cc
@@ -281,12 +281,12 @@
     return;
   }
   // Make sure to not unquicken the same code item multiple times.
-  std::unordered_set<const DexFile::CodeItem*> unquickened_code_item;
+  std::unordered_set<const dex::CodeItem*> unquickened_code_item;
   CompactOffsetTable::Accessor accessor(GetQuickenInfoOffsetTable(source_dex_begin,
                                                                   quickening_info));
   for (ClassAccessor class_accessor : target_dex_file.GetClasses()) {
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : class_accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
+      const dex::CodeItem* code_item = method.GetCodeItem();
       if (code_item != nullptr && unquickened_code_item.emplace(code_item).second) {
         const uint32_t offset = accessor.GetOffset(method.GetIndex());
         // Offset being 0 means not quickened.
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
index 0b33a0b..1679821 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
   bool early_failure = false;
   std::string failure_message;
   const DexFile& dex_file = klass->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
   ObjPtr<mirror::Class> super = klass->GetSuperClass();
   std::string temp;
   if (super == nullptr && strcmp("Ljava/lang/Object;", klass->GetDescriptor(&temp)) != 0) {
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
                                         const DexFile* dex_file,
                                         Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                         Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                        const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                        const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                         CompilerCallbacks* callbacks,
                                         bool allow_soft_failures,
                                         HardFailLogMode log_level,
@@ -319,8 +319,8 @@
                                                          const DexFile* dex_file,
                                                          Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                                          Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                                         const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                                         const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                          ArtMethod* method,
                                                          uint32_t method_access_flags,
                                                          CompilerCallbacks* callbacks,
@@ -462,8 +462,8 @@
                                                     const DexFile* dex_file,
                                                     Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                                     Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                                    const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                                    const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                                    const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                                    const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                     ArtMethod* method,
                                                     uint32_t method_access_flags,
                                                     uint32_t api_level) {
@@ -500,8 +500,8 @@
                                const DexFile* dex_file,
                                Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                               const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                               const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                               const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                               const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                uint32_t dex_method_idx,
                                ArtMethod* method,
                                uint32_t method_access_flags,
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
 bool MethodVerifier::Verify() {
   // Some older code doesn't correctly mark constructors as such. Test for this case by looking at
   // the name.
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
   const char* method_name = dex_file_->StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_);
   bool instance_constructor_by_name = strcmp("<init>", method_name) == 0;
   bool static_constructor_by_name = strcmp("<clinit>", method_name) == 0;
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@
     return true;
   }
   const uint32_t insns_size = code_item_accessor_.InsnsSizeInCodeUnits();
-  for (const DexFile::TryItem& try_item : code_item_accessor_.TryItems()) {
+  for (const dex::TryItem& try_item : code_item_accessor_.TryItems()) {
     const uint32_t start = try_item.start_addr_;
     const uint32_t end = start + try_item.insn_count_;
     if ((start >= end) || (start >= insns_size) || (end > insns_size)) {
@@ -1637,7 +1637,7 @@
     cur_arg++;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id =
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id =
       dex_file_->GetMethodPrototype(dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_));
   DexFileParameterIterator iterator(*dex_file_, proto_id);
 
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@
 // Returns the index of the first final instance field of the given class, or kDexNoIndex if there
 // is no such field.
 static uint32_t GetFirstFinalInstanceFieldIndex(const DexFile& dex_file, dex::TypeIndex type_idx) {
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file.FindClassDef(type_idx);
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def = dex_file.FindClassDef(type_idx);
   DCHECK(class_def != nullptr);
   ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, *class_def);
   for (const ClassAccessor::Field& field : accessor.GetInstanceFields()) {
@@ -2885,7 +2885,7 @@
       }
       if (return_type == nullptr) {
         uint32_t method_idx = GetMethodIdxOfInvoke(inst);
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+        const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
         dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx =
             dex_file_->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).return_type_idx_;
         const char* descriptor = dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(return_type_idx);
@@ -2908,7 +2908,7 @@
       const RegType* return_type = nullptr;
       if (called_method == nullptr) {
         uint32_t method_idx = (is_range) ? inst->VRegB_3rc() : inst->VRegB_35c();
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+        const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
         is_constructor = strcmp("<init>", dex_file_->StringDataByIdx(method_id.name_idx_)) == 0;
         dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx =
             dex_file_->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).return_type_idx_;
@@ -2986,7 +2986,7 @@
         const char* descriptor;
         if (called_method == nullptr) {
           uint32_t method_idx = (is_range) ? inst->VRegB_3rc() : inst->VRegB_35c();
-          const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+          const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
           dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx =
               dex_file_->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).return_type_idx_;
           descriptor = dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(return_type_idx);
@@ -3041,7 +3041,7 @@
       const char* descriptor;
       if (abs_method == nullptr) {
         uint32_t method_idx = (is_range) ? inst->VRegB_3rc() : inst->VRegB_35c();
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
+        const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(method_idx);
         dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx =
             dex_file_->GetProtoId(method_id.proto_idx_).return_type_idx_;
         descriptor = dex_file_->StringByTypeIdx(return_type_idx);
@@ -3106,7 +3106,7 @@
       // method handle produced by step 1. The dex file verifier has checked ranges for
       // the first three arguments and CheckCallSite has checked the method handle type.
       const dex::ProtoIndex proto_idx = dex_file_->GetProtoIndexForCallSite(call_site_idx);
-      const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file_->GetProtoId(proto_idx);
+      const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file_->GetProtoId(proto_idx);
       DexFileParameterIterator param_it(*dex_file_, proto_id);
       // Treat method as static as it has yet to be determined.
       VerifyInvocationArgsFromIterator(&param_it, inst, METHOD_STATIC, is_range, nullptr);
@@ -3497,7 +3497,7 @@
    */
   if ((opcode_flags & Instruction::kThrow) != 0 && GetInstructionFlags(work_insn_idx_).IsInTry()) {
     bool has_catch_all_handler = false;
-    const DexFile::TryItem* try_item = code_item_accessor_.FindTryItem(work_insn_idx_);
+    const dex::TryItem* try_item = code_item_accessor_.FindTryItem(work_insn_idx_);
     CHECK(try_item != nullptr);
     CatchHandlerIterator iterator(code_item_accessor_, *try_item);
 
@@ -3749,7 +3749,7 @@
 
 ArtMethod* MethodVerifier::ResolveMethodAndCheckAccess(
     uint32_t dex_method_idx, MethodType method_type) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx);
   const RegType& klass_type = ResolveClass<CheckAccess::kYes>(method_id.class_idx_);
   if (klass_type.IsConflict()) {
     std::string append(" in attempt to access method ");
@@ -4093,7 +4093,7 @@
   }
 
   // Check method handle kind is valid.
-  const DexFile::MethodHandleItem& mh = dex_file_->GetMethodHandle(index[0]);
+  const dex::MethodHandleItem& mh = dex_file_->GetMethodHandle(index[0]);
   if (mh.method_handle_type_ != static_cast<uint16_t>(DexFile::MethodHandleType::kInvokeStatic)) {
     Fail(VERIFY_ERROR_BAD_CLASS_HARD) << "Call site #" << call_site_idx
                                       << " argument 0 method handle type is not InvokeStatic: "
@@ -4125,7 +4125,7 @@
  private:
   ArtMethod* res_method_;
   size_t pos_;
-  const DexFile::TypeList* params_;
+  const dex::TypeList* params_;
   const size_t params_size_;
 };
 
@@ -4231,7 +4231,7 @@
     return false;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::TypeList* types = method->GetParameterTypeList();
+  const dex::TypeList* types = method->GetParameterTypeList();
   if (types->Size() != 1) {
     Fail(VERIFY_ERROR_BAD_CLASS_HARD)
         << "Signature polymorphic method has too many arguments " << types->Size() << " != 1";
@@ -4553,7 +4553,7 @@
 }
 
 ArtField* MethodVerifier::GetStaticField(int field_idx) {
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
   // Check access to class
   const RegType& klass_type = ResolveClass<CheckAccess::kYes>(field_id.class_idx_);
   if (klass_type.IsConflict()) {  // bad class
@@ -4596,7 +4596,7 @@
 }
 
 ArtField* MethodVerifier::GetInstanceField(const RegType& obj_type, int field_idx) {
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
   // Check access to class.
   const RegType& klass_type = ResolveClass<CheckAccess::kYes>(field_id.class_idx_);
   if (klass_type.IsConflict()) {
@@ -4756,7 +4756,7 @@
     //
     // Note: see b/34966607. This and above may be changed in the future.
     if (kAccType == FieldAccessType::kAccPut) {
-      const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+      const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
       const char* field_class_descriptor = dex_file_->GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(field_id);
       const RegType* field_class_type = &reg_types_.FromDescriptor(GetClassLoader(),
                                                                    field_class_descriptor,
@@ -4772,7 +4772,7 @@
     }
   }
   if (field_type == nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_->GetFieldId(field_idx);
     const char* descriptor = dex_file_->GetFieldTypeDescriptor(field_id);
     field_type = &reg_types_.FromDescriptor(GetClassLoader(), descriptor, false);
   }
@@ -4935,8 +4935,8 @@
       }
     }
     if (return_type_ == nullptr) {
-      const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
-      const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file_->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
+      const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
+      const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file_->GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
       dex::TypeIndex return_type_idx = proto_id.return_type_idx_;
       const char* descriptor = dex_file_->GetTypeDescriptor(dex_file_->GetTypeId(return_type_idx));
       return_type_ = &reg_types_.FromDescriptor(GetClassLoader(), descriptor, false);
@@ -4947,7 +4947,7 @@
 
 const RegType& MethodVerifier::GetDeclaringClass() {
   if (declaring_class_ == nullptr) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_->GetMethodId(dex_method_idx_);
     const char* descriptor
         = dex_file_->GetTypeDescriptor(dex_file_->GetTypeId(method_id.class_idx_));
     if (method_being_verified_ != nullptr) {
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
index eef2280..c178df0 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 #include "base/scoped_arena_containers.h"
 #include "base/value_object.h"
 #include "dex/code_item_accessors.h"
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/dex_file_types.h"
 #include "dex/method_reference.h"
 #include "handle.h"
@@ -39,11 +38,17 @@
 
 class ClassLinker;
 class CompilerCallbacks;
+class DexFile;
 class Instruction;
 struct ReferenceMap2Visitor;
 class Thread;
 class VariableIndentationOutputStream;
 
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+struct CodeItem;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 namespace mirror {
 class DexCache;
 }  // namespace mirror
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@
                                  const DexFile* dex_file,
                                  Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                  Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                 const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                 const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                  CompilerCallbacks* callbacks,
                                  bool allow_soft_failures,
                                  HardFailLogMode log_level,
@@ -121,8 +126,8 @@
                                              const DexFile* dex_file,
                                              Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                              Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                             const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                                             const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item, ArtMethod* method,
+                                             const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                             const dex::CodeItem* code_item, ArtMethod* method,
                                              uint32_t method_access_flags,
                                              uint32_t api_level)
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
@@ -238,8 +243,8 @@
                  const DexFile* dex_file,
                  Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                  Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                 const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
-                 const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                 const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
+                 const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                  uint32_t method_idx,
                  ArtMethod* method,
                  uint32_t access_flags,
@@ -297,8 +302,8 @@
                                   const DexFile* dex_file,
                                   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
-                                  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def_idx,
-                                  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                  const dex::ClassDef& class_def_idx,
+                                  const dex::CodeItem* code_item,
                                   ArtMethod* method,
                                   uint32_t method_access_flags,
                                   CompilerCallbacks* callbacks,
@@ -716,7 +721,7 @@
   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache_ GUARDED_BY(Locks::mutator_lock_);
   // The class loader for the declaring class of the method.
   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader_ GUARDED_BY(Locks::mutator_lock_);
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def_;  // The class def of the declaring class of the method.
+  const dex::ClassDef& class_def_;  // The class def of the declaring class of the method.
   const CodeItemDataAccessor code_item_accessor_;
   const RegType* declaring_class_;  // Lazily computed reg type of the method's declaring class.
   // Instruction widths and flags, one entry per code unit.
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
index 7519257..36890a6 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
       REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
     // Verify all the classes defined in this file
     for (size_t i = 0; i < dex.NumClassDefs(); i++) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def = dex.GetClassDef(i);
+      const dex::ClassDef& class_def = dex.GetClassDef(i);
       const char* descriptor = dex.GetClassDescriptor(class_def);
       VerifyClass(descriptor);
     }
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/verifier_deps.cc b/runtime/verifier/verifier_deps.cc
index d346a95..bdcadd9 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/verifier_deps.cc
+++ b/runtime/verifier/verifier_deps.cc
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@
     DCHECK(dex_cache != nullptr) << klass->PrettyClass();
     if (dex_cache->GetDexFile() == &dex_file) {
       // FindStringId is slow, try to go through the class def if we have one.
-      const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
+      const dex::ClassDef* class_def = klass->GetClassDef();
       DCHECK(class_def != nullptr) << klass->PrettyClass();
-      const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def->class_idx_);
+      const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(class_def->class_idx_);
       if (kIsDebugBuild) {
         std::string temp;
         CHECK_EQ(GetIdFromString(dex_file, klass->GetDescriptor(&temp)), type_id.descriptor_idx_);
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@
                                                       ObjPtr<mirror::Class> klass)
     REQUIRES_SHARED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
   if (!klass->IsArrayClass()) {
-    const DexFile::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(type_idx);
+    const dex::TypeId& type_id = dex_file.GetTypeId(type_idx);
     const DexFile& klass_dex = klass->GetDexFile();
-    const DexFile::TypeId& klass_type_id = klass_dex.GetTypeId(klass->GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
+    const dex::TypeId& klass_type_id = klass_dex.GetTypeId(klass->GetClassDef()->class_idx_);
     if (strcmp(dex_file.GetTypeDescriptor(type_id),
                klass_dex.GetTypeDescriptor(klass_type_id)) == 0) {
       return type_id.descriptor_idx_;
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
 }
 
 dex::StringIndex VerifierDeps::GetIdFromString(const DexFile& dex_file, const std::string& str) {
-  const DexFile::StringId* string_id = dex_file.FindStringId(str.c_str());
+  const dex::StringId* string_id = dex_file.FindStringId(str.c_str());
   if (string_id != nullptr) {
     // String is in the DEX file. Return its ID.
     return dex_file.GetIndexForStringId(*string_id);
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@
     }
 
     for (const FieldResolution& entry : dep.second->fields_) {
-      const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
+      const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
       vios->Stream()
           << dex_file.GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(field_id) << "->"
           << dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id) << ":"
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@
     }
 
     for (const MethodResolution& method : dep.second->methods_) {
-      const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetDexMethodIndex());
+      const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetDexMethodIndex());
       vios->Stream()
           << dex_file.GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(method_id) << "->"
           << dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id)
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@
 }
 
 static std::string GetFieldDescription(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t index) {
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(index);
   return std::string(dex_file.GetFieldDeclaringClassDescriptor(field_id))
       + "->"
       + dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id)
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@
   // and have the same recorded flags.
   ClassLinker* class_linker = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
   for (const auto& entry : fields) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(entry.GetDexFieldIndex());
     StringPiece name(dex_file.StringDataByIdx(field_id.name_idx_));
     StringPiece type(dex_file.StringDataByIdx(dex_file.GetTypeId(field_id.type_idx_).descriptor_idx_));
     // Only use field_id.class_idx_ when the entry is unresolved, which is rare.
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@
 }
 
 static std::string GetMethodDescription(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t index) {
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(index);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(index);
   return std::string(dex_file.GetMethodDeclaringClassDescriptor(method_id))
       + "->"
       + dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id)
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@
   PointerSize pointer_size = class_linker->GetImagePointerSize();
 
   for (const auto& entry : methods) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(entry.GetDexMethodIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(entry.GetDexMethodIndex());
 
     const char* name = dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id);
     const Signature signature = dex_file.GetMethodSignature(method_id);
diff --git a/tools/dexanalyze/dexanalyze_bytecode.cc b/tools/dexanalyze/dexanalyze_bytecode.cc
index 88db672..ae88f37 100644
--- a/tools/dexanalyze/dexanalyze_bytecode.cc
+++ b/tools/dexanalyze/dexanalyze_bytecode.cc
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@
       case Instruction::INVOKE_INTERFACE:
       case Instruction::INVOKE_SUPER: {
         const uint32_t method_idx = DexMethodIndex(inst.Inst());
-        const DexFile::MethodId& method = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
+        const dex::MethodId& method = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx);
         const dex::TypeIndex receiver_type = method.class_idx_;
         if (Enabled(kExperimentInvoke)) {
           if (count_types) {
diff --git a/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi.cc b/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi.cc
index 3e38b97..6af822d 100644
--- a/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi.cc
+++ b/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi.cc
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 
   std::set<std::string> GetInterfaceDescriptors() const {
     std::set<std::string> list;
-    const DexFile::TypeList* ifaces = dex_file_.GetInterfacesList(GetClassDef());
+    const dex::TypeList* ifaces = dex_file_.GetInterfacesList(GetClassDef());
     for (uint32_t i = 0; ifaces != nullptr && i < ifaces->Size(); ++i) {
       list.insert(dex_file_.StringByTypeIdx(ifaces->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_));
     }
@@ -201,12 +201,12 @@
     return down_cast<const ClassAccessor::Method&>(item_);
   }
 
-  inline const DexFile::MethodId& GetMethodId() const {
+  inline const dex::MethodId& GetMethodId() const {
     DCHECK(IsMethod());
     return item_.GetDexFile().GetMethodId(item_.GetIndex());
   }
 
-  inline const DexFile::FieldId& GetFieldId() const {
+  inline const dex::FieldId& GetFieldId() const {
     DCHECK(!IsMethod());
     return item_.GetDexFile().GetFieldId(item_.GetIndex());
   }
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@
     }
 
     // Find the old MapList, find its size.
-    const DexFile::MapList* old_map = old_dex_.GetMapList();
+    const dex::MapList* old_map = old_dex_.GetMapList();
     CHECK_LT(old_map->size_, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
 
     // Compute the size of the new dex file. We append the HiddenapiClassData,
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@
         << "End of input dex file is not 4-byte aligned, possibly because its MapList is not "
         << "at the end of the file.";
     size_t size_delta =
-        RoundUp(hiddenapi_class_data_.size(), kMapListAlignment) + sizeof(DexFile::MapItem);
+        RoundUp(hiddenapi_class_data_.size(), kMapListAlignment) + sizeof(dex::MapItem);
     size_t new_size = old_dex_.Size() + size_delta;
     AllocateMemory(new_size);
 
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@
 
     // Load the location of header and map list before we start editing the file.
     loaded_dex_header_ = const_cast<DexFile::Header*>(&loaded_dex_->GetHeader());
-    loaded_dex_maplist_ = const_cast<DexFile::MapList*>(loaded_dex_->GetMapList());
+    loaded_dex_maplist_ = const_cast<dex::MapList*>(loaded_dex_->GetMapList());
   }
 
   DexFile::Header& GetHeader() const {
@@ -750,7 +750,7 @@
     return *loaded_dex_header_;
   }
 
-  DexFile::MapList& GetMapList() const {
+  dex::MapList& GetMapList() const {
     CHECK(loaded_dex_maplist_ != nullptr);
     return *loaded_dex_maplist_;
   }
@@ -804,16 +804,16 @@
     InsertPadding(/* alignment= */ kMapListAlignment);
 
     size_t new_map_offset = offset_;
-    DexFile::MapList* map = Append(old_dex_.GetMapList(), old_dex_.GetMapList()->Size());
+    dex::MapList* map = Append(old_dex_.GetMapList(), old_dex_.GetMapList()->Size());
 
     // Check last map entry is a pointer to itself.
-    DexFile::MapItem& old_item = map->list_[map->size_ - 1];
+    dex::MapItem& old_item = map->list_[map->size_ - 1];
     CHECK(old_item.type_ == DexFile::kDexTypeMapList);
     CHECK_EQ(old_item.size_, 1u);
     CHECK_EQ(old_item.offset_, GetHeader().map_off_);
 
     // Create a new MapItem entry with new MapList details.
-    DexFile::MapItem new_item;
+    dex::MapItem new_item;
     new_item.type_ = old_item.type_;
     new_item.unused_ = 0u;  // initialize to ensure dex output is deterministic (b/119308882)
     new_item.size_ = old_item.size_;
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@
 
     // Append a new MapItem and return its pointer.
     map->size_++;
-    Append(&new_item, sizeof(DexFile::MapItem));
+    Append(&new_item, sizeof(dex::MapItem));
 
     // Change penultimate entry to point to metadata.
     old_item.type_ = DexFile::kDexTypeHiddenapiClassData;
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<const DexFile> loaded_dex_;
   DexFile::Header* loaded_dex_header_;
-  DexFile::MapList* loaded_dex_maplist_;
+  dex::MapList* loaded_dex_maplist_;
 };
 
 class HiddenApi final {
diff --git a/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi_test.cc b/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi_test.cc
index f10d3f4..2689eed 100644
--- a/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi_test.cc
+++ b/tools/hiddenapi/hiddenapi_test.cc
@@ -113,17 +113,17 @@
     return ofs;
   }
 
-  const DexFile::ClassDef& FindClass(const char* desc, const DexFile& dex_file) {
-    const DexFile::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(desc);
+  const dex::ClassDef& FindClass(const char* desc, const DexFile& dex_file) {
+    const dex::TypeId* type_id = dex_file.FindTypeId(desc);
     CHECK(type_id != nullptr) << "Could not find class " << desc;
-    const DexFile::ClassDef* found = dex_file.FindClassDef(dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id));
+    const dex::ClassDef* found = dex_file.FindClassDef(dex_file.GetIndexForTypeId(*type_id));
     CHECK(found != nullptr) << "Could not find class " << desc;
     return *found;
   }
 
   hiddenapi::ApiList GetFieldHiddenFlags(const char* name,
                                          uint32_t expected_visibility,
-                                         const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                         const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                          const DexFile& dex_file) {
     ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, class_def, /* parse hiddenapi flags */ true);
     CHECK(accessor.HasClassData()) << "Class " << accessor.GetDescriptor() << " has no data";
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
     }
 
     for (const ClassAccessor::Field& field : accessor.GetFields()) {
-      const DexFile::FieldId& fid = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
+      const dex::FieldId& fid = dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
       if (strcmp(name, dex_file.GetFieldName(fid)) == 0) {
         const uint32_t actual_visibility = field.GetAccessFlags() & kAccVisibilityFlags;
         CHECK_EQ(actual_visibility, expected_visibility)
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
   hiddenapi::ApiList GetMethodHiddenFlags(const char* name,
                                           uint32_t expected_visibility,
                                           bool expected_native,
-                                          const DexFile::ClassDef& class_def,
+                                          const dex::ClassDef& class_def,
                                           const DexFile& dex_file) {
     ClassAccessor accessor(dex_file, class_def, /* parse hiddenapi flags */ true);
     CHECK(accessor.HasClassData()) << "Class " << accessor.GetDescriptor() << " has no data";
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
     }
 
     for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : accessor.GetMethods()) {
-      const DexFile::MethodId& mid = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+      const dex::MethodId& mid = dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
       if (strcmp(name, dex_file.GetMethodName(mid)) == 0) {
         CHECK_EQ(expected_native, method.MemberIsNative())
             << "Method " << name << " in class " << accessor.GetDescriptor();
diff --git a/tools/veridex/flow_analysis.cc b/tools/veridex/flow_analysis.cc
index 1fca7e1..65f2363 100644
--- a/tools/veridex/flow_analysis.cc
+++ b/tools/veridex/flow_analysis.cc
@@ -131,15 +131,15 @@
 
 RegisterValue VeriFlowAnalysis::GetReturnType(uint32_t method_index) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = resolver_->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_index);
-  const DexFile::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_index);
+  const dex::ProtoId& proto_id = dex_file.GetMethodPrototype(method_id);
   VeriClass* cls = resolver_->GetVeriClass(proto_id.return_type_idx_);
   return RegisterValue(RegisterSource::kMethod, DexFileReference(&dex_file, method_index), cls);
 }
 
 RegisterValue VeriFlowAnalysis::GetFieldType(uint32_t field_index) {
   const DexFile& dex_file = resolver_->GetDexFile();
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
   VeriClass* cls = resolver_->GetVeriClass(field_id.type_idx_);
   return RegisterValue(RegisterSource::kField, DexFileReference(&dex_file, field_index), cls);
 }
@@ -716,7 +716,7 @@
     RegisterValue obj = GetRegister(GetParameterAt(instruction, is_range, args, 0));
     const VeriClass* cls = obj.GetType();
     if (cls != nullptr && cls->GetClassDef() != nullptr) {
-      const DexFile::ClassDef* def = cls->GetClassDef();
+      const dex::ClassDef* def = cls->GetClassDef();
       return RegisterValue(
           RegisterSource::kClass,
           DexFileReference(&resolver_->GetDexFileOf(*cls), def->class_idx_.index_),
diff --git a/tools/veridex/hidden_api.cc b/tools/veridex/hidden_api.cc
index 6a04365..2af7b50 100644
--- a/tools/veridex/hidden_api.cc
+++ b/tools/veridex/hidden_api.cc
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 
 std::string HiddenApi::GetApiMethodName(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t method_index) {
   std::stringstream ss;
-  const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_index);
+  const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file.GetMethodId(method_index);
   ss << dex_file.StringByTypeIdx(method_id.class_idx_)
      << "->"
      << dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 
 std::string HiddenApi::GetApiFieldName(const DexFile& dex_file, uint32_t field_index) {
   std::stringstream ss;
-  const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
+  const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file.GetFieldId(field_index);
   ss << dex_file.StringByTypeIdx(field_id.class_idx_)
      << "->"
      << dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id)
diff --git a/tools/veridex/resolver.cc b/tools/veridex/resolver.cc
index 56729ff..0d769cd 100644
--- a/tools/veridex/resolver.cc
+++ b/tools/veridex/resolver.cc
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 }
 
 static bool HasSameNameAndSignature(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id,
+                                    const dex::MethodId& method_id,
                                     const char* method_name,
                                     const char* type) {
   return strcmp(method_name, dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id)) == 0 &&
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 }
 
 static bool HasSameNameAndSignature(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                                    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id,
+                                    const dex::MethodId& method_id,
                                     const char* method_name,
                                     const Signature& signature) {
   return strcmp(method_name, dex_file.GetMethodName(method_id)) == 0 &&
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 }
 
 static bool HasSameNameAndType(const DexFile& dex_file,
-                               const DexFile::FieldId& field_id,
+                               const dex::FieldId& field_id,
                                const char* field_name,
                                const char* field_type) {
   return strcmp(field_name, dex_file.GetFieldName(field_id)) == 0 &&
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
   const DexFile& other_dex_file = resolver->dex_file_;
   ClassAccessor other_dex_accessor(other_dex_file, *kls.GetClassDef());
   for (const ClassAccessor::Method& method : other_dex_accessor.GetMethods()) {
-    const DexFile::MethodId& other_method_id = other_dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
+    const dex::MethodId& other_method_id = other_dex_file.GetMethodId(method.GetIndex());
     if (HasSameNameAndSignature(other_dex_file,
                                 other_method_id,
                                 method_name,
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
   }
 
   // Look at methods in `kls`'s interface hierarchy.
-  const DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = other_dex_file.GetInterfacesList(*kls.GetClassDef());
+  const dex::TypeList* interfaces = other_dex_file.GetInterfacesList(*kls.GetClassDef());
   if (interfaces != nullptr) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < interfaces->Size(); i++) {
       dex::TypeIndex idx = interfaces->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_;
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
   const DexFile& other_dex_file = resolver->dex_file_;
   ClassAccessor other_dex_accessor(other_dex_file, *kls.GetClassDef());
   for (const ClassAccessor::Field& field : other_dex_accessor.GetFields()) {
-    const DexFile::FieldId& other_field_id = other_dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
+    const dex::FieldId& other_field_id = other_dex_file.GetFieldId(field.GetIndex());
     if (HasSameNameAndType(other_dex_file,
                            other_field_id,
                            field_name,
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
   }
 
   // Look at fields in `kls`'s interface hierarchy.
-  const DexFile::TypeList* interfaces = other_dex_file.GetInterfacesList(*kls.GetClassDef());
+  const dex::TypeList* interfaces = other_dex_file.GetInterfacesList(*kls.GetClassDef());
   if (interfaces != nullptr) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < interfaces->Size(); i++) {
       dex::TypeIndex idx = interfaces->GetTypeItem(i).type_idx_;
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
   VeriMethod method_info = method_infos_[method_index];
   if (method_info == nullptr) {
     // Method is defined in another dex file.
-    const DexFile::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_.GetMethodId(method_index);
+    const dex::MethodId& method_id = dex_file_.GetMethodId(method_index);
     VeriClass* kls = GetVeriClass(method_id.class_idx_);
     if (kls == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
   VeriField field_info = field_infos_[field_index];
   if (field_info == nullptr) {
     // Field is defined in another dex file.
-    const DexFile::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_.GetFieldId(field_index);
+    const dex::FieldId& field_id = dex_file_.GetFieldId(field_index);
     VeriClass* kls = GetVeriClass(field_id.class_idx_);
     if (kls == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
diff --git a/tools/veridex/veridex.h b/tools/veridex/veridex.h
index e0d8261..f02de96 100644
--- a/tools/veridex/veridex.h
+++ b/tools/veridex/veridex.h
@@ -19,11 +19,14 @@
 
 #include <map>
 
-#include "dex/dex_file.h"
 #include "dex/primitive.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
+namespace dex {
+struct ClassDef;
+}  // namespace dex
+
 static int gTargetSdkVersion = 1000;  // Will be initialized after parsing options.
 
 /**
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@
 class VeriClass {
  public:
   VeriClass() = default;
-  VeriClass(Primitive::Type k, uint8_t dims, const DexFile::ClassDef* cl)
+  VeriClass(Primitive::Type k, uint8_t dims, const dex::ClassDef* cl)
       : kind_(k), dimensions_(dims), class_def_(cl) {}
 
   bool IsUninitialized() const {
@@ -62,7 +65,7 @@
 
   Primitive::Type GetKind() const { return kind_; }
   uint8_t GetDimensions() const { return dimensions_; }
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* GetClassDef() const { return class_def_; }
+  const dex::ClassDef* GetClassDef() const { return class_def_; }
 
   static VeriClass* object_;
   static VeriClass* class_;
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@
  private:
   Primitive::Type kind_;
   uint8_t dimensions_;
-  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def_;
+  const dex::ClassDef* class_def_;
 };
 
 inline bool IsGetMethod(VeriMethod method) {