Implemented BitCount as an intrinsic. With unit test.

Rationale:
Recognizing this important operation as an intrinsic has
various advantages:
(1) having the no-side-effects/no-throw allows for
    much more GVN/LICM/BCE.
(2) Some architectures, like x86_64, provide direct
    support for this operation.

Performance improvements on X86_64:
CheckersEvalBench (32-bit bitboard): 27,210KNS -> 36,798KNS  =  + 35%
ReversiEvalBench  (64-bit bitboard): 52,562KNS -> 89,086KNS  =  + 69%

Change-Id: I65d549b0469b7909b12c6611cdc34a8640a5751f
diff --git a/test/564-checker-bitcount/src/Main.java b/test/564-checker-bitcount/src/Main.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b250145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/564-checker-bitcount/src/Main.java
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public class Main {
+
+  // TODO: make this work when b/26700769 is done.
+  //
+  // CHECK-START-X86_64: int Main.bits32(int) disassembly (after)
+  // CHECK-DAG: popcnt
+  //
+  // CHECK-START-X86_64: int Main.bits32(int) disassembly (after)
+  // CHECK-NOT: call
+  private static int bits32(int x) {
+    return Integer.bitCount(x);
+  }
+
+  // TODO: make this work when b/26700769 is done.
+  //
+  // CHECK-START-X86_64: int Main.bits64(long) disassembly (after)
+  // CHECK-DAG: popcnt
+  //
+  // CHECK-START-X86_64: int Main.bits64(long) disassembly (after)
+  // CHECK-NOT: call
+  private static int bits64(long x) {
+    return Long.bitCount(x);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String args[]) {
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x00000000), 0);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x00000001), 1);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x10000000), 1);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x10000001), 2);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x00000003), 2);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x70000000), 3);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x000F0000), 4);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x00001111), 4);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x11110000), 4);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x11111111), 8);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x12345678), 13);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0x9ABCDEF0), 19);
+    expectEquals32(bits32(0xFFFFFFFF), 32);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+      expectEquals32(bits32(1 << i), 1);
+    }
+
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x0000000000000000L), 0);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x0000000000000001L), 1);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x1000000000000000L), 1);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x1000000000000001L), 2);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x0000000000000003L), 2);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x7000000000000000L), 3);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x000F000000000000L), 4);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x0000000011111111L), 8);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x1111111100000000L), 8);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x1111111111111111L), 16);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0x123456789ABCDEF1L), 33);
+    expectEquals64(bits64(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL), 64);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+      expectEquals64(bits64(1L << i), 1);
+    }
+
+    System.out.println("passed");
+  }
+
+  private static void expectEquals32(int expected, int result) {
+    if (expected != result) {
+      throw new Error("Expected: " + expected + ", found: " + result);
+    }
+  }
+  private static void expectEquals64(long expected, long result) {
+    if (expected != result) {
+      throw new Error("Expected: " + expected + ", found: " + result);
+    }
+  }
+}