Systrace fixups and refactoring for TimingLogger

Fixed systrace bounds for timing logger in GC. Refactored CumulativeLogger a bit to
allow for multiple identical entries. Added ScopedSplit, now composes with explicit
start/end/new splits. Adds some unit tests.
Bug: 10036801

Change-Id: If0afb88b48ec3a1e19462ed354babb274a9517a7
diff --git a/runtime/base/timing_logger.cc b/runtime/base/timing_logger.cc
index b58b0ac..78a6883 100644
--- a/runtime/base/timing_logger.cc
+++ b/runtime/base/timing_logger.cc
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 }
 
 CumulativeLogger::~CumulativeLogger() {
-  STLDeleteElements(&histograms_);
+  STLDeleteValues(&histograms_);
 }
 
 void CumulativeLogger::SetName(const std::string& name) {
@@ -47,18 +47,17 @@
 }
 
 void CumulativeLogger::Start() {
-  MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
-  index_ = 0;
 }
 
 void CumulativeLogger::End() {
   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
   iterations_++;
 }
+
 void CumulativeLogger::Reset() {
   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
   iterations_ = 0;
-  STLDeleteElements(&histograms_);
+  STLDeleteValues(&histograms_);
 }
 
 uint64_t CumulativeLogger::GetTotalNs() const {
@@ -68,36 +67,19 @@
 uint64_t CumulativeLogger::GetTotalTime() const {
   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
   uint64_t total = 0;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < histograms_.size(); ++i) {
-    total += histograms_[i]->Sum();
+  for (CumulativeLogger::HistogramsIterator it = histograms_.begin(), end = histograms_.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
+    total += it->second->Sum();
   }
   return total;
 }
 
-
 void CumulativeLogger::AddLogger(const base::TimingLogger &logger) {
   MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), lock_);
-  const std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> >& splits = logger.GetSplits();
-  typedef std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> >::const_iterator It;
-  // The first time this is run, the histograms array will be empty.
-  if (kIsDebugBuild && !histograms_.empty() && splits.size() != histograms_.size()) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Mismatch in splits.";
-    typedef std::vector<Histogram<uint64_t> *>::const_iterator It2;
-    It it = splits.begin();
-    It2 it2 = histograms_.begin();
-    while ((it != splits.end()) && (it2 != histograms_.end())) {
-      if (it != splits.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "\tsplit: " << it->second;
-        ++it;
-      }
-      if (it2 != histograms_.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "\tpreviously record: " << (*it2)->Name();
-        ++it2;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  for (It it = splits.begin(), end = splits.end(); it != end; ++it) {
-    std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> split = *it;
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = logger.GetSplits();
+  for (base::TimingLogger::SplitsIterator it = splits.begin(), end = splits.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
+    base::TimingLogger::SplitTiming split = *it;
     uint64_t split_time = split.first;
     const char* split_name = split.second;
     AddPair(split_name, split_time);
@@ -112,23 +94,24 @@
 void CumulativeLogger::AddPair(const std::string &label, uint64_t delta_time) {
   // Convert delta time to microseconds so that we don't overflow our counters.
   delta_time /= kAdjust;
-  if (histograms_.size() <= index_) {
+
+  if (histograms_.find(label) == histograms_.end()) {
+    // TODO: Shoud this be a defined constant so we we know out of which orifice 16 and 100 were picked?
     const size_t max_buckets = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->IsLowMemoryMode() ? 16 : 100;
-    histograms_.push_back(new Histogram<uint64_t>(label.c_str(), 50, max_buckets));
-    DCHECK_GT(histograms_.size(), index_);
+    // TODO: Should this be a defined constant so we know 50 of WTF?
+    histograms_[label] = new Histogram<uint64_t>(label.c_str(), 50, max_buckets);
   }
-  histograms_[index_]->AddValue(delta_time);
-  DCHECK_EQ(label, histograms_[index_]->Name());
-  ++index_;
+  histograms_[label]->AddValue(delta_time);
 }
 
 void CumulativeLogger::DumpHistogram(std::ostream &os) {
   os << "Start Dumping histograms for " << iterations_ << " iterations"
      << " for " << name_ << "\n";
-  for (size_t Idx = 0; Idx < histograms_.size(); Idx++) {
+  for (CumulativeLogger::HistogramsIterator it = histograms_.begin(), end = histograms_.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
     Histogram<uint64_t>::CumulativeData cumulative_data;
-    histograms_[Idx]->CreateHistogram(cumulative_data);
-    histograms_[Idx]->PrintConfidenceIntervals(os, 0.99, cumulative_data);
+    it->second->CreateHistogram(cumulative_data);
+    it->second->PrintConfidenceIntervals(os, 0.99, cumulative_data);
     // Reset cumulative values to save memory. We don't expect DumpHistogram to be called often, so
     // it is not performance critical.
   }
@@ -139,58 +122,42 @@
 namespace base {
 
 TimingLogger::TimingLogger(const char* name, bool precise, bool verbose)
-    : name_(name), precise_(precise), verbose_(verbose),
-      current_split_(NULL), current_split_start_ns_(0) {
+    : name_(name), precise_(precise), verbose_(verbose), current_split_(NULL) {
 }
 
 void TimingLogger::Reset() {
   current_split_ = NULL;
-  current_split_start_ns_ = 0;
   splits_.clear();
 }
 
 void TimingLogger::StartSplit(const char* new_split_label) {
-  DCHECK(current_split_ == NULL);
-  if (verbose_) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Begin: " << new_split_label;
-  }
-  current_split_ = new_split_label;
-  ATRACE_BEGIN(current_split_);
-  current_split_start_ns_ = NanoTime();
+  DCHECK(new_split_label != NULL) << "Starting split (" << new_split_label << ") with null label.";
+  TimingLogger::ScopedSplit* explicit_scoped_split = new TimingLogger::ScopedSplit(new_split_label, this);
+  explicit_scoped_split->explicit_ = true;
+}
+
+void TimingLogger::EndSplit() {
+  CHECK(current_split_ != NULL) << "Ending a non-existent split.";
+  DCHECK(current_split_->label_ != NULL);
+  DCHECK(current_split_->explicit_ == true) << "Explicitly ending scoped split: " << current_split_->label_;
+
+  delete current_split_;
 }
 
 // Ends the current split and starts the one given by the label.
 void TimingLogger::NewSplit(const char* new_split_label) {
-  DCHECK(current_split_ != NULL);
-  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
-  uint64_t split_time = current_time - current_split_start_ns_;
-  ATRACE_END();
-  splits_.push_back(std::pair<uint64_t, const char*>(split_time, current_split_));
-  if (verbose_) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "End: " << current_split_ << " " << PrettyDuration(split_time) << "\n"
-        << "Begin: " << new_split_label;
-  }
-  current_split_ = new_split_label;
-  ATRACE_BEGIN(current_split_);
-  current_split_start_ns_ = current_time;
-}
+  CHECK(current_split_ != NULL) << "Inserting a new split (" << new_split_label
+                                << ") into a non-existent split.";
+  DCHECK(new_split_label != NULL) << "New split (" << new_split_label << ") with null label.";
 
-void TimingLogger::EndSplit() {
-  DCHECK(current_split_ != NULL);
-  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
-  uint64_t split_time = current_time - current_split_start_ns_;
-  ATRACE_END();
-  if (verbose_) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "End: " << current_split_ << " " << PrettyDuration(split_time);
-  }
-  splits_.push_back(std::pair<uint64_t, const char*>(split_time, current_split_));
+  current_split_->TailInsertSplit(new_split_label);
 }
 
 uint64_t TimingLogger::GetTotalNs() const {
   uint64_t total_ns = 0;
-  typedef std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> >::const_iterator It;
-  for (It it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end(); it != end; ++it) {
-    std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> split = *it;
+  for (base::TimingLogger::SplitsIterator it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
+    base::TimingLogger::SplitTiming split = *it;
     total_ns += split.first;
   }
   return total_ns;
@@ -199,9 +166,9 @@
 void TimingLogger::Dump(std::ostream &os) const {
   uint64_t longest_split = 0;
   uint64_t total_ns = 0;
-  typedef std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> >::const_iterator It;
-  for (It it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end(); it != end; ++it) {
-    std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> split = *it;
+  for (base::TimingLogger::SplitsIterator it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
+    base::TimingLogger::SplitTiming split = *it;
     uint64_t split_time = split.first;
     longest_split = std::max(longest_split, split_time);
     total_ns += split_time;
@@ -210,8 +177,9 @@
   TimeUnit tu = GetAppropriateTimeUnit(longest_split);
   uint64_t divisor = GetNsToTimeUnitDivisor(tu);
   // Print formatted splits.
-  for (It it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end(); it != end; ++it) {
-    std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> split = *it;
+  for (base::TimingLogger::SplitsIterator it = splits_.begin(), end = splits_.end();
+       it != end; ++it) {
+    base::TimingLogger::SplitTiming split = *it;
     uint64_t split_time = split.first;
     if (!precise_ && divisor >= 1000) {
       // Make the fractional part 0.
@@ -223,5 +191,102 @@
   os << name_ << ": end, " << NsToMs(total_ns) << " ms\n";
 }
 
+
+TimingLogger::ScopedSplit::ScopedSplit(const char* label, TimingLogger* timing_logger) {
+  DCHECK(label != NULL) << "New scoped split (" << label << ") with null label.";
+  CHECK(timing_logger != NULL) << "New scoped split (" << label << ") without TimingLogger.";
+  timing_logger_ = timing_logger;
+  label_ = label;
+  running_ns_ = 0;
+  explicit_ = false;
+
+  // Stash away the current split and pause it.
+  enclosing_split_ = timing_logger->current_split_;
+  if (enclosing_split_ != NULL) {
+    enclosing_split_->Pause();
+  }
+
+  timing_logger_->current_split_ = this;
+
+  ATRACE_BEGIN(label_);
+
+  start_ns_ = NanoTime();
+  if (timing_logger_->verbose_) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Begin: " << label_;
+  }
+}
+
+TimingLogger::ScopedSplit::~ScopedSplit() {
+  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
+  uint64_t split_time = current_time - start_ns_;
+  running_ns_ += split_time;
+  ATRACE_END();
+
+  if (timing_logger_->verbose_) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "End: " << label_ << " " << PrettyDuration(split_time);
+  }
+
+  // If one or more enclosed explcitly started splits are not terminated we can
+  // either fail or "unwind" the stack of splits in the timing logger to 'this'
+  // (by deleting the intervening scoped splits). This implements the latter.
+  TimingLogger::ScopedSplit* current = timing_logger_->current_split_;
+  while ((current != NULL) && (current != this)) {
+    delete current;
+    current = timing_logger_->current_split_;
+  }
+
+  CHECK(current != NULL) << "Missing scoped split (" << this->label_
+                           << ") in timing logger (" << timing_logger_->name_ << ").";
+  CHECK(timing_logger_->current_split_ == this);
+
+  timing_logger_->splits_.push_back(SplitTiming(running_ns_, label_));
+
+  timing_logger_->current_split_ = enclosing_split_;
+  if (enclosing_split_ != NULL) {
+    enclosing_split_->UnPause();
+  }
+}
+
+
+void TimingLogger::ScopedSplit::TailInsertSplit(const char* label) {
+  // Sleight of hand here: Rather than embedding a new scoped split, we're updating the current
+  // scoped split in place. Basically, it's one way to make explicit and scoped splits compose
+  // well while maintaining the current semantics of NewSplit. An alternative is to push a new split
+  // since we unwind the stack of scoped splits in the scoped split destructor. However, this implies
+  // that the current split is not ended by NewSplit (which calls TailInsertSplit), which would
+  // be different from what we had before.
+
+  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
+  uint64_t split_time = current_time - start_ns_;
+  ATRACE_END();
+  timing_logger_->splits_.push_back(std::pair<uint64_t, const char*>(split_time, label_));
+
+  if (timing_logger_->verbose_) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "End: " << label_ << " " << PrettyDuration(split_time) << "\n"
+              << "Begin: " << label;
+  }
+
+  label_ = label;
+  start_ns_ = current_time;
+  running_ns_ = 0;
+
+  ATRACE_BEGIN(label);
+}
+
+void TimingLogger::ScopedSplit::Pause() {
+  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
+  uint64_t split_time = current_time - start_ns_;
+  running_ns_ += split_time;
+  ATRACE_END();
+}
+
+
+void TimingLogger::ScopedSplit::UnPause() {
+  uint64_t current_time = NanoTime();
+
+  start_ns_ = current_time;
+  ATRACE_BEGIN(label_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace art
diff --git a/runtime/base/timing_logger.h b/runtime/base/timing_logger.h
index 0998837..8649a96 100644
--- a/runtime/base/timing_logger.h
+++ b/runtime/base/timing_logger.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
+#include <map>
 
 namespace art {
 
@@ -32,6 +33,9 @@
 
 class CumulativeLogger {
  public:
+  typedef std::map<std::string, Histogram<uint64_t> *> Histograms;
+  typedef std::map<std::string, Histogram<uint64_t> *>::const_iterator HistogramsIterator;
+
   explicit CumulativeLogger(const std::string& name);
   void prepare_stats();
   ~CumulativeLogger();
@@ -51,11 +55,10 @@
   void DumpHistogram(std::ostream &os) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(lock_);
   uint64_t GetTotalTime() const;
   static const uint64_t kAdjust = 1000;
-  std::vector<Histogram<uint64_t> *> histograms_ GUARDED_BY(lock_);
+  Histograms histograms_ GUARDED_BY(lock_);
   std::string name_;
   const std::string lock_name_;
   mutable Mutex lock_ DEFAULT_MUTEX_ACQUIRED_AFTER;
-  size_t index_ GUARDED_BY(lock_);
   size_t iterations_ GUARDED_BY(lock_);
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CumulativeLogger);
@@ -63,16 +66,22 @@
 
 namespace base {
 
-// A replacement to timing logger that know when a split starts for the purposes of logging.
+
+// A timing logger that knows when a split starts for the purposes of logging tools, like systrace.
 class TimingLogger {
  public:
+  // Splits are nanosecond times and split names.
+  typedef std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> SplitTiming;
+  typedef std::vector<SplitTiming> SplitTimings;
+  typedef std::vector<SplitTiming>::const_iterator SplitsIterator;
+
   explicit TimingLogger(const char* name, bool precise, bool verbose);
 
   // Clears current splits and labels.
   void Reset();
 
-  // Starts a split, a split shouldn't be in progress.
-  void StartSplit(const char*  new_split_label);
+  // Starts a split
+  void StartSplit(const char* new_split_label);
 
   // Ends the current split and starts the one given by the label.
   void NewSplit(const char* new_split_label);
@@ -84,10 +93,53 @@
 
   void Dump(std::ostream& os) const;
 
-  const std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> >& GetSplits() const {
+  // Scoped timing splits that can be nested and composed with the explicit split
+  // starts and ends.
+  class ScopedSplit {
+    public:
+      explicit ScopedSplit(const char* label, TimingLogger* timing_logger);
+
+      ~ScopedSplit();
+
+      friend class TimingLogger;
+
+    private:
+      // Pauses timing of the split, usually due to nesting of another split.
+      void Pause();
+
+      // Unpauses timing of the split, usually because a nested split has ended.
+      void UnPause();
+
+      // Used by new split to swap splits in place in a ScopedSplit instance.
+      void TailInsertSplit(const char* label);
+
+      // The scoped split immediately enclosing this split. Essentially, we get a
+      // stack of nested splits through this field.
+      ScopedSplit* enclosing_split_;
+
+      // Was this created via TimingLogger's StartSplit?
+      bool explicit_;
+
+      // The split's name.
+      const char* label_;
+
+      // The current split's latest start time. (It may have been paused and restarted.)
+      uint64_t start_ns_;
+
+      // The running time, outside of pauses.
+      uint64_t running_ns_;
+
+      // The timing logger holding this split.
+      TimingLogger* timing_logger_;
+
+      DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ScopedSplit);
+  };
+
+  const SplitTimings& GetSplits() const {
     return splits_;
   }
 
+  friend class ScopedSplit;
  protected:
   // The name of the timing logger.
   const char* name_;
@@ -99,14 +151,11 @@
   // Verbose logging.
   const bool verbose_;
 
-  // The name of the current split.
-  const char* current_split_;
+  // The current scoped split is also the 'top' of the stack of splits in progress.
+  ScopedSplit* current_split_;
 
-  // The nanosecond time the current split started on.
-  uint64_t current_split_start_ns_;
-
-  // Splits are nanosecond times and split names.
-  std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, const char*> > splits_;
+  // Splits that have ended.
+  SplitTimings splits_;
 
  private:
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TimingLogger);
diff --git a/runtime/base/timing_logger_test.cc b/runtime/base/timing_logger_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f28e48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/base/timing_logger_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "timing_logger.h"
+
+#include "common_test.h"
+
+namespace art {
+
+class TimingLoggerTest : public CommonTest {};
+
+// TODO: Negative test cases (improper pairing of EndSplit, etc.)
+
+TEST_F(TimingLoggerTest, StartEnd) {
+  const char* split1name = "First Split";
+  base::TimingLogger timings("StartEnd", true, false);
+
+  timings.StartSplit(split1name);
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends split1.
+
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = timings.GetSplits();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1U, splits.size());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[0].second, split1name);
+}
+
+
+TEST_F(TimingLoggerTest, StartNewEnd) {
+  const char* split1name = "First Split";
+  const char* split2name = "Second Split";
+  const char* split3name = "Third Split";
+  base::TimingLogger timings("StartNewEnd", true, false);
+
+  timings.StartSplit(split1name);
+
+  timings.NewSplit(split2name);  // Ends split1.
+
+  timings.NewSplit(split3name);  // Ends split2.
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends split3.
+
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = timings.GetSplits();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(3U, splits.size());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[0].second, split1name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[1].second, split2name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[2].second, split3name);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TimingLoggerTest, StartNewEndNested) {
+  const char* split1name = "First Split";
+  const char* split2name = "Second Split";
+  const char* split3name = "Third Split";
+  const char* split4name = "Fourth Split";
+  const char* split5name = "Fifth Split";
+  base::TimingLogger timings("StartNewEndNested", true, false);
+
+  timings.StartSplit(split1name);
+
+  timings.NewSplit(split2name);  // Ends split1.
+
+  timings.StartSplit(split3name);
+
+  timings.StartSplit(split4name);
+
+  timings.NewSplit(split5name);  // Ends split4.
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends split5.
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends split3.
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends split2.
+
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = timings.GetSplits();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(5U, splits.size());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[0].second, split1name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[1].second, split4name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[2].second, split5name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[3].second, split3name);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[4].second, split2name);
+}
+
+
+TEST_F(TimingLoggerTest, Scoped) {
+  const char* outersplit = "Outer Split";
+  const char* innersplit1 = "Inner Split 1";
+  const char* innerinnersplit1 = "Inner Inner Split 1";
+  const char* innersplit2 = "Inner Split 2";
+  base::TimingLogger timings("Scoped", true, false);
+
+  {
+      base::TimingLogger::ScopedSplit outer(outersplit, &timings);
+
+      {
+          base::TimingLogger::ScopedSplit inner1(innersplit1, &timings);
+
+          {
+              base::TimingLogger::ScopedSplit innerinner1(innerinnersplit1, &timings);
+          }  // Ends innerinnersplit1.
+      }  // Ends innersplit1.
+
+      {
+          base::TimingLogger::ScopedSplit inner2(innersplit2, &timings);
+      }  // Ends innersplit2.
+  }  // Ends outersplit.
+
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = timings.GetSplits();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(4U, splits.size());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[0].second, innerinnersplit1);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[1].second, innersplit1);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[2].second, innersplit2);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[3].second, outersplit);
+}
+
+
+TEST_F(TimingLoggerTest, ScopedAndExplicit) {
+  const char* outersplit = "Outer Split";
+  const char* innersplit = "Inner Split";
+  const char* innerinnersplit1 = "Inner Inner Split 1";
+  const char* innerinnersplit2 = "Inner Inner Split 2";
+  base::TimingLogger timings("Scoped", true, false);
+
+  timings.StartSplit(outersplit);
+
+  {
+      base::TimingLogger::ScopedSplit inner(innersplit, &timings);
+
+      timings.StartSplit(innerinnersplit1);
+
+      timings.NewSplit(innerinnersplit2);  // Ends innerinnersplit1.
+  }  // Ends innerinnersplit2, then innersplit.
+
+  timings.EndSplit();  // Ends outersplit.
+
+  const base::TimingLogger::SplitTimings& splits = timings.GetSplits();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(4U, splits.size());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[0].second, innerinnersplit1);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[1].second, innerinnersplit2);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[2].second, innersplit);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(splits[3].second, outersplit);
+}
+
+}  // namespace art