diff --git a/compiler/compiled_method.cc b/compiler/compiled_method.cc
index 59ed827..7441dac 100644
--- a/compiler/compiled_method.cc
+++ b/compiler/compiled_method.cc
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
   oatdata_offsets_to_compiled_code_offset_.push_back(offset);
 }
 
-CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver,
+CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver,
                                InstructionSet instruction_set,
                                const std::vector<uint8_t>& quick_code,
                                const size_t frame_size_in_bytes,
@@ -148,48 +148,48 @@
                                const std::vector<uint8_t>& vmap_table,
                                const std::vector<uint8_t>& native_gc_map,
                                const std::vector<uint8_t>* cfi_info)
-    : CompiledCode(&driver, instruction_set, quick_code), frame_size_in_bytes_(frame_size_in_bytes),
+    : CompiledCode(driver, instruction_set, quick_code), frame_size_in_bytes_(frame_size_in_bytes),
       core_spill_mask_(core_spill_mask), fp_spill_mask_(fp_spill_mask),
-  mapping_table_(driver.DeduplicateMappingTable(mapping_table)),
-  vmap_table_(driver.DeduplicateVMapTable(vmap_table)),
-  gc_map_(driver.DeduplicateGCMap(native_gc_map)),
-  cfi_info_(driver.DeduplicateCFIInfo(cfi_info)) {
+  mapping_table_(driver->DeduplicateMappingTable(mapping_table)),
+  vmap_table_(driver->DeduplicateVMapTable(vmap_table)),
+  gc_map_(driver->DeduplicateGCMap(native_gc_map)),
+  cfi_info_(driver->DeduplicateCFIInfo(cfi_info)) {
 }
 
-CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver,
+CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver,
                                InstructionSet instruction_set,
                                const std::vector<uint8_t>& code,
                                const size_t frame_size_in_bytes,
                                const uint32_t core_spill_mask,
                                const uint32_t fp_spill_mask)
-    : CompiledCode(&driver, instruction_set, code),
+    : CompiledCode(driver, instruction_set, code),
       frame_size_in_bytes_(frame_size_in_bytes),
       core_spill_mask_(core_spill_mask), fp_spill_mask_(fp_spill_mask),
-      mapping_table_(driver.DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
-      vmap_table_(driver.DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
-      gc_map_(driver.DeduplicateGCMap(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
+      mapping_table_(driver->DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
+      vmap_table_(driver->DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
+      gc_map_(driver->DeduplicateGCMap(std::vector<uint8_t>())),
       cfi_info_(nullptr) {
 }
 
 // Constructs a CompiledMethod for the Portable compiler.
-CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver, InstructionSet instruction_set,
+CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver, InstructionSet instruction_set,
                                const std::string& code, const std::vector<uint8_t>& gc_map,
                                const std::string& symbol)
-    : CompiledCode(&driver, instruction_set, code, symbol),
+    : CompiledCode(driver, instruction_set, code, symbol),
       frame_size_in_bytes_(kStackAlignment), core_spill_mask_(0),
-      fp_spill_mask_(0), gc_map_(driver.DeduplicateGCMap(gc_map)) {
-  mapping_table_ = driver.DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
-  vmap_table_ = driver.DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
+      fp_spill_mask_(0), gc_map_(driver->DeduplicateGCMap(gc_map)) {
+  mapping_table_ = driver->DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
+  vmap_table_ = driver->DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
 }
 
-CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver, InstructionSet instruction_set,
+CompiledMethod::CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver, InstructionSet instruction_set,
                                const std::string& code, const std::string& symbol)
-    : CompiledCode(&driver, instruction_set, code, symbol),
+    : CompiledCode(driver, instruction_set, code, symbol),
       frame_size_in_bytes_(kStackAlignment), core_spill_mask_(0),
       fp_spill_mask_(0) {
-  mapping_table_ = driver.DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
-  vmap_table_ = driver.DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
-  gc_map_ = driver.DeduplicateGCMap(std::vector<uint8_t>());
+  mapping_table_ = driver->DeduplicateMappingTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
+  vmap_table_ = driver->DeduplicateVMapTable(std::vector<uint8_t>());
+  gc_map_ = driver->DeduplicateGCMap(std::vector<uint8_t>());
 }
 
 }  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/compiled_method.h b/compiler/compiled_method.h
index 90ae6ee..844b53c 100644
--- a/compiler/compiled_method.h
+++ b/compiler/compiled_method.h
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 class CompiledMethod : public CompiledCode {
  public:
   // Constructs a CompiledMethod for the non-LLVM compilers.
-  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver,
+  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver,
                  InstructionSet instruction_set,
                  const std::vector<uint8_t>& quick_code,
                  const size_t frame_size_in_bytes,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
                  const std::vector<uint8_t>* cfi_info);
 
   // Constructs a CompiledMethod for the QuickJniCompiler.
-  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver,
+  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver,
                  InstructionSet instruction_set,
                  const std::vector<uint8_t>& quick_code,
                  const size_t frame_size_in_bytes,
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@
                  const uint32_t fp_spill_mask);
 
   // Constructs a CompiledMethod for the Portable compiler.
-  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver, InstructionSet instruction_set, const std::string& code,
+  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver, InstructionSet instruction_set, const std::string& code,
                  const std::vector<uint8_t>& gc_map, const std::string& symbol);
 
   // Constructs a CompiledMethod for the Portable JniCompiler.
-  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver& driver, InstructionSet instruction_set, const std::string& code,
+  CompiledMethod(CompilerDriver* driver, InstructionSet instruction_set, const std::string& code,
                  const std::string& symbol);
 
   ~CompiledMethod() {}
diff --git a/compiler/compiler.cc b/compiler/compiler.cc
index c88c38e..a832c31 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/compiler.cc
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@
 namespace art {
 
 #ifdef ART_SEA_IR_MODE
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* SeaIrCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                                   const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* SeaIrCompileMethod(const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                    uint32_t access_flags,
                                                    art::InvokeType invoke_type,
                                                    uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -38,8 +37,7 @@
 #endif
 
 
-CompiledMethod* Compiler::TryCompileWithSeaIR(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                              const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+CompiledMethod* Compiler::TryCompileWithSeaIR(const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                               uint32_t access_flags,
                                               art::InvokeType invoke_type,
                                               uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -47,13 +45,10 @@
                                               jobject class_loader,
                                               const art::DexFile& dex_file) {
 #ifdef ART_SEA_IR_MODE
-    bool use_sea = Runtime::Current()->IsSeaIRMode();
-    use_sea = use_sea &&
-        (std::string::npos != PrettyMethod(method_idx, dex_file).find("fibonacci"));
+    bool use_sea = (std::string::npos != PrettyMethod(method_idx, dex_file).find("fibonacci"));
     if (use_sea) {
       LOG(INFO) << "Using SEA IR to compile..." << std::endl;
-      return SeaIrCompileMethod(compiler,
-                                code_item,
+      return SeaIrCompileMethod(code_item,
                                 access_flags,
                                 invoke_type,
                                 class_def_idx,
@@ -68,11 +63,11 @@
 
 #ifdef ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER
 
-extern "C" void ArtInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver);
+extern "C" void ArtInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver);
 
-extern "C" void ArtUnInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver);
+extern "C" void ArtUnInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver);
 
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                  const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                  uint32_t access_flags,
                                                  art::InvokeType invoke_type,
@@ -81,45 +76,45 @@
                                                  jobject class_loader,
                                                  const art::DexFile& dex_file);
 
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                         uint32_t access_flags, uint32_t method_idx,
                                                         const art::DexFile& dex_file);
 
-extern "C" void compilerLLVMSetBitcodeFileName(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" void compilerLLVMSetBitcodeFileName(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                std::string const& filename);
 
 
-class LLVMCompiler : public Compiler {
+class LLVMCompiler FINAL : public Compiler {
  public:
-  LLVMCompiler() : Compiler(1000) {}
+  explicit LLVMCompiler(CompilerDriver* driver) : Compiler(driver, 1000) {}
 
-  void Init(CompilerDriver& driver) const {
-    ArtInitCompilerContext(driver);
+  void Init() const OVERRIDE {
+    ArtInitCompilerContext(GetCompilerDriver());
   }
 
-  void UnInit(CompilerDriver& driver) const {
-    ArtUnInitCompilerContext(driver);
+  void UnInit() const OVERRIDE {
+    ArtUnInitCompilerContext(GetCompilerDriver());
   }
 
-  CompiledMethod* Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                          const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                           uint32_t access_flags,
                           InvokeType invoke_type,
                           uint16_t class_def_idx,
                           uint32_t method_idx,
                           jobject class_loader,
-                          const DexFile& dex_file) const {
-    CompiledMethod* method = TryCompileWithSeaIR(driver,
-                                                 code_item,
+                          const DexFile& dex_file) const OVERRIDE {
+    CompiledMethod* method = TryCompileWithSeaIR(code_item,
                                                  access_flags,
                                                  invoke_type,
                                                  class_def_idx,
                                                  method_idx,
                                                  class_loader,
                                                  dex_file);
-    if (method != nullptr) return method;
+    if (method != nullptr) {
+      return method;
+    }
 
-    return ArtCompileMethod(compiler,
+    return ArtCompileMethod(GetCompilerDriver(),
                             code_item,
                             access_flags,
                             invoke_type,
@@ -129,11 +124,10 @@
                             dex_file);
   }
 
-  CompiledMethod* JniCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                             uint32_t access_flags,
+  CompiledMethod* JniCompile(uint32_t access_flags,
                              uint32_t method_idx,
-                             const DexFile& dex_file) const {
-    return ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(driver, access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
+                             const DexFile& dex_file) const OVERRIDE {
+    return ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(GetCompilerDriver(), access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
   }
 
   uintptr_t GetEntryPointOf(mirror::ArtMethod* method) const {
@@ -182,17 +176,17 @@
 };
 #endif
 
-Compiler* Compiler::Create(Compiler::Kind kind) {
+Compiler* Compiler::Create(CompilerDriver* driver, Compiler::Kind kind) {
   switch (kind) {
     case kQuick:
-      return new QuickCompiler();
+      return new QuickCompiler(driver);
       break;
     case kOptimizing:
-      return new OptimizingCompiler();
+      return new OptimizingCompiler(driver);
       break;
     case kPortable:
 #ifdef ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER
-      return new LLVMCompiler();
+      return new LLVMCompiler(driver);
 #else
       LOG(FATAL) << "Portable compiler not compiled";
 #endif
diff --git a/compiler/compiler.h b/compiler/compiler.h
index 2357297..4caebf3 100644
--- a/compiler/compiler.h
+++ b/compiler/compiler.h
@@ -41,18 +41,13 @@
     kPortable
   };
 
-  explicit Compiler(uint64_t warning)
-      : maximum_compilation_time_before_warning_(warning) {
-  }
+  static Compiler* Create(CompilerDriver* driver, Kind kind);
 
-  static Compiler* Create(Kind kind);
+  virtual void Init() const = 0;
 
-  virtual void Init(CompilerDriver& driver) const = 0;
+  virtual void UnInit() const = 0;
 
-  virtual void UnInit(CompilerDriver& driver) const = 0;
-
-  virtual CompiledMethod* Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                  const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  virtual CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                   uint32_t access_flags,
                                   InvokeType invoke_type,
                                   uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -60,8 +55,7 @@
                                   jobject class_loader,
                                   const DexFile& dex_file) const = 0;
 
-  static CompiledMethod* TryCompileWithSeaIR(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                             const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  static CompiledMethod* TryCompileWithSeaIR(const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                              uint32_t access_flags,
                                              art::InvokeType invoke_type,
                                              uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -69,8 +63,7 @@
                                              jobject class_loader,
                                              const art::DexFile& dex_file);
 
-  virtual CompiledMethod* JniCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                     uint32_t access_flags,
+  virtual CompiledMethod* JniCompile(uint32_t access_flags,
                                      uint32_t method_idx,
                                      const DexFile& dex_file) const = 0;
 
@@ -81,11 +74,10 @@
                         OatWriter* oat_writer,
                         const std::vector<const art::DexFile*>& dex_files,
                         const std::string& android_root,
-                        bool is_host, const CompilerDriver& driver) const
+                        bool is_host) const
     SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) = 0;
 
-  virtual Backend* GetCodeGenerator(CompilationUnit* cu,
-                                    void* compilation_unit) const = 0;
+  virtual Backend* GetCodeGenerator(CompilationUnit* cu, void* compilation_unit) const = 0;
 
   uint64_t GetMaximumCompilationTimeBeforeWarning() const {
     return maximum_compilation_time_before_warning_;
@@ -117,7 +109,17 @@
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+ protected:
+  explicit Compiler(CompilerDriver* driver, uint64_t warning) :
+      driver_(driver), maximum_compilation_time_before_warning_(warning) {
+  }
+
+  CompilerDriver* GetCompilerDriver() const {
+    return driver_;
+  }
+
  private:
+  CompilerDriver* const driver_;
   const uint64_t maximum_compilation_time_before_warning_;
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Compiler);
diff --git a/compiler/compilers.cc b/compiler/compilers.cc
index 1237e70..188ce6f 100644
--- a/compiler/compilers.cc
+++ b/compiler/compilers.cc
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
-extern "C" void ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver);
-extern "C" void ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver);
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" void ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver);
+extern "C" void ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver);
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                       const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                       uint32_t access_flags,
                                                       art::InvokeType invoke_type,
@@ -33,40 +33,40 @@
                                                       jobject class_loader,
                                                       const art::DexFile& dex_file);
 
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                          uint32_t access_flags, uint32_t method_idx,
                                                          const art::DexFile& dex_file);
 
 // Hack for CFI CIE initialization
 extern std::vector<uint8_t>* X86CFIInitialization();
 
-void QuickCompiler::Init(CompilerDriver& driver) const {
-  ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(driver);
+void QuickCompiler::Init() const {
+  ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(GetCompilerDriver());
 }
 
-void QuickCompiler::UnInit(CompilerDriver& driver) const {
-  ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(driver);
+void QuickCompiler::UnInit() const {
+  ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(GetCompilerDriver());
 }
 
-CompiledMethod* QuickCompiler::Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                      const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
-                                      uint32_t access_flags,
-                                      InvokeType invoke_type,
-                                      uint16_t class_def_idx,
-                                      uint32_t method_idx,
-                                      jobject class_loader,
-                                      const DexFile& dex_file) const {
-  CompiledMethod* method = TryCompileWithSeaIR(driver,
-                                               code_item,
+CompiledMethod* QuickCompiler::Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+                                       uint32_t access_flags,
+                                       InvokeType invoke_type,
+                                       uint16_t class_def_idx,
+                                       uint32_t method_idx,
+                                       jobject class_loader,
+                                       const DexFile& dex_file) const {
+  CompiledMethod* method = TryCompileWithSeaIR(code_item,
                                                access_flags,
                                                invoke_type,
                                                class_def_idx,
                                                method_idx,
                                                class_loader,
                                                dex_file);
-  if (method != nullptr) return method;
+  if (method != nullptr) {
+    return method;
+  }
 
-  return ArtQuickCompileMethod(driver,
+  return ArtQuickCompileMethod(GetCompilerDriver(),
                                code_item,
                                access_flags,
                                invoke_type,
@@ -76,11 +76,10 @@
                                dex_file);
 }
 
-CompiledMethod* QuickCompiler::JniCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                          uint32_t access_flags,
+CompiledMethod* QuickCompiler::JniCompile(uint32_t access_flags,
                                           uint32_t method_idx,
                                           const DexFile& dex_file) const {
-  return ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(driver, access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
+  return ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(GetCompilerDriver(), access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
 }
 
 uintptr_t QuickCompiler::GetEntryPointOf(mirror::ArtMethod* method) const {
@@ -88,11 +87,12 @@
 }
 
 bool QuickCompiler::WriteElf(art::File* file,
-                            OatWriter* oat_writer,
-                            const std::vector<const art::DexFile*>& dex_files,
-                            const std::string& android_root,
-                            bool is_host, const CompilerDriver& driver) const {
-  return art::ElfWriterQuick::Create(file, oat_writer, dex_files, android_root, is_host, driver);
+                             OatWriter* oat_writer,
+                             const std::vector<const art::DexFile*>& dex_files,
+                             const std::string& android_root,
+                             bool is_host) const {
+  return art::ElfWriterQuick::Create(file, oat_writer, dex_files, android_root, is_host,
+                                     *GetCompilerDriver());
 }
 
 Backend* QuickCompiler::GetCodeGenerator(CompilationUnit* cu, void* compilation_unit) const {
@@ -134,22 +134,21 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                            const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                             uint32_t access_flags,
                                             InvokeType invoke_type,
                                             uint16_t class_def_idx,
                                             uint32_t method_idx,
                                             jobject class_loader,
                                             const DexFile& dex_file) const {
-  CompiledMethod* method = TryCompile(
-      driver, code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx, method_idx,
-      class_loader, dex_file);
-  if (method != nullptr) return method;
+  CompiledMethod* method = TryCompile(code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx,
+                                      method_idx, class_loader, dex_file);
+  if (method != nullptr) {
+    return method;
+  }
 
-  return QuickCompiler::Compile(
-      driver, code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx, method_idx,
-      class_loader, dex_file);
+  return QuickCompiler::Compile(code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx, method_idx,
+                                class_loader, dex_file);
 }
 
 }  // namespace art
diff --git a/compiler/compilers.h b/compiler/compilers.h
index 255dd23..3ca78c9 100644
--- a/compiler/compilers.h
+++ b/compiler/compilers.h
@@ -23,14 +23,13 @@
 
 class QuickCompiler : public Compiler {
  public:
-  QuickCompiler() : Compiler(100) {}
+  explicit QuickCompiler(CompilerDriver* driver) : Compiler(driver, 100) {}
 
-  void Init(CompilerDriver& driver) const OVERRIDE;
+  void Init() const OVERRIDE;
 
-  void UnInit(CompilerDriver& driver) const OVERRIDE;
+  void UnInit() const OVERRIDE;
 
-  CompiledMethod* Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                          const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                           uint32_t access_flags,
                           InvokeType invoke_type,
                           uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -38,8 +37,7 @@
                           jobject class_loader,
                           const DexFile& dex_file) const OVERRIDE;
 
-  CompiledMethod* JniCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                             uint32_t access_flags,
+  CompiledMethod* JniCompile(uint32_t access_flags,
                              uint32_t method_idx,
                              const DexFile& dex_file) const OVERRIDE;
 
@@ -50,7 +48,7 @@
                 OatWriter* oat_writer,
                 const std::vector<const art::DexFile*>& dex_files,
                 const std::string& android_root,
-                bool is_host, const CompilerDriver& driver) const
+                bool is_host) const
     OVERRIDE
     SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
@@ -73,12 +71,11 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(QuickCompiler);
 };
 
-class OptimizingCompiler : public QuickCompiler {
+class OptimizingCompiler FINAL : public QuickCompiler {
  public:
-  OptimizingCompiler() { }
+  explicit OptimizingCompiler(CompilerDriver* driver) : QuickCompiler(driver) { }
 
-  CompiledMethod* Compile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                          const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* Compile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                           uint32_t access_flags,
                           InvokeType invoke_type,
                           uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -86,8 +83,7 @@
                           jobject class_loader,
                           const DexFile& dex_file) const OVERRIDE;
 
-  CompiledMethod* TryCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                             const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+  CompiledMethod* TryCompile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                              uint32_t access_flags,
                              InvokeType invoke_type,
                              uint16_t class_def_idx,
diff --git a/compiler/dex/frontend.cc b/compiler/dex/frontend.cc
index 1a9379a..5e13722 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/frontend.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/frontend.cc
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@
 
 namespace art {
 
-extern "C" void ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver) {
-  CHECK(driver.GetCompilerContext() == NULL);
+extern "C" void ArtInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver) {
+  CHECK(driver->GetCompilerContext() == nullptr);
 }
 
-extern "C" void ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver) {
-  CHECK(driver.GetCompilerContext() == NULL);
+extern "C" void ArtUnInitQuickCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver) {
+  CHECK(driver->GetCompilerContext() == nullptr);
 }
 
 /* Default optimizer/debug setting for the compiler. */
diff --git a/compiler/dex/quick/codegen_util.cc b/compiler/dex/quick/codegen_util.cc
index de13a2e..fbf8a0c 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/quick/codegen_util.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/quick/codegen_util.cc
@@ -1027,7 +1027,7 @@
 
   UniquePtr<std::vector<uint8_t> > cfi_info(ReturnCallFrameInformation());
   CompiledMethod* result =
-      new CompiledMethod(*cu_->compiler_driver, cu_->instruction_set, code_buffer_, frame_size_,
+      new CompiledMethod(cu_->compiler_driver, cu_->instruction_set, code_buffer_, frame_size_,
                          core_spill_mask_, fp_spill_mask_, encoded_mapping_table_,
                          vmap_encoder.GetData(), native_gc_map_, cfi_info.get());
   return result;
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
index e5decc5..6817f14 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
     : profile_ok_(false), compiler_options_(compiler_options),
       verification_results_(verification_results),
       method_inliner_map_(method_inliner_map),
-      compiler_(Compiler::Create(compiler_kind)),
+      compiler_(Compiler::Create(this, compiler_kind)),
       instruction_set_(instruction_set),
       instruction_set_features_(instruction_set_features),
       freezing_constructor_lock_("freezing constructor lock"),
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
 
   dex_to_dex_compiler_ = reinterpret_cast<DexToDexCompilerFn>(ArtCompileDEX);
 
-  compiler_->Init(*this);
+  compiler_->Init();
 
   CHECK(!Runtime::Current()->IsStarted());
   if (!image_) {
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@
     STLDeleteElements(&classes_to_patch_);
   }
   CHECK_PTHREAD_CALL(pthread_key_delete, (tls_key_), "delete tls key");
-  compiler_->UnInit(*this);
+  compiler_->UnInit();
 }
 
 CompilerTls* CompilerDriver::GetTls() {
@@ -1874,7 +1874,7 @@
         (instruction_set_ == kX86_64 || instruction_set_ == kArm64)) {
       // Leaving this empty will trigger the generic JNI version
     } else {
-      compiled_method = compiler_->JniCompile(*this, access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
+      compiled_method = compiler_->JniCompile(access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
       CHECK(compiled_method != NULL);
     }
   } else if ((access_flags & kAccAbstract) != 0) {
@@ -1883,9 +1883,8 @@
     bool compile = verification_results_->IsCandidateForCompilation(method_ref, access_flags);
     if (compile) {
       // NOTE: if compiler declines to compile this method, it will return NULL.
-      compiled_method = compiler_->Compile(
-          *this, code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx,
-          method_idx, class_loader, dex_file);
+      compiled_method = compiler_->Compile(code_item, access_flags, invoke_type, class_def_idx,
+                                           method_idx, class_loader, dex_file);
     }
     if (compiled_method == nullptr && dex_to_dex_compilation_level != kDontDexToDexCompile) {
       // TODO: add a command-line option to disable DEX-to-DEX compilation ?
@@ -1983,7 +1982,7 @@
                               OatWriter* oat_writer,
                               art::File* file)
     SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  return compiler_->WriteElf(file, oat_writer, dex_files, android_root, is_host, *this);
+  return compiler_->WriteElf(file, oat_writer, dex_files, android_root, is_host);
 }
 void CompilerDriver::InstructionSetToLLVMTarget(InstructionSet instruction_set,
                                                 std::string* target_triple,
diff --git a/compiler/jni/quick/jni_compiler.cc b/compiler/jni/quick/jni_compiler.cc
index 9f439eb..5a22170 100644
--- a/compiler/jni/quick/jni_compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/jni/quick/jni_compiler.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 //   registers, a reference to the method object is supplied as part of this
 //   convention.
 //
-CompiledMethod* ArtJniCompileMethodInternal(CompilerDriver& compiler,
+CompiledMethod* ArtJniCompileMethodInternal(CompilerDriver* driver,
                                             uint32_t access_flags, uint32_t method_idx,
                                             const DexFile& dex_file) {
   const bool is_native = (access_flags & kAccNative) != 0;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
   const bool is_static = (access_flags & kAccStatic) != 0;
   const bool is_synchronized = (access_flags & kAccSynchronized) != 0;
   const char* shorty = dex_file.GetMethodShorty(dex_file.GetMethodId(method_idx));
-  InstructionSet instruction_set = compiler.GetInstructionSet();
+  InstructionSet instruction_set = driver->GetInstructionSet();
   if (instruction_set == kThumb2) {
     instruction_set = kArm;
   }
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@
   std::vector<uint8_t> managed_code(cs);
   MemoryRegion code(&managed_code[0], managed_code.size());
   __ FinalizeInstructions(code);
-  return new CompiledMethod(compiler,
+  return new CompiledMethod(driver,
                             instruction_set,
                             managed_code,
                             frame_size,
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@
 
 }  // namespace art
 
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& compiler,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtQuickJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* compiler,
                                                          uint32_t access_flags, uint32_t method_idx,
                                                          const art::DexFile& dex_file) {
   return ArtJniCompileMethodInternal(compiler, access_flags, method_idx, dex_file);
diff --git a/compiler/llvm/compiler_llvm.cc b/compiler/llvm/compiler_llvm.cc
index 2812700..df895ee 100644
--- a/compiler/llvm/compiler_llvm.cc
+++ b/compiler/llvm/compiler_llvm.cc
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@
 }  // namespace llvm
 }  // namespace art
 
-static art::llvm::CompilerLLVM* ContextOf(art::CompilerDriver& driver) {
-  void *compiler_context = driver.GetCompilerContext();
+static art::llvm::CompilerLLVM* ContextOf(art::CompilerDriver* driver) {
+  void *compiler_context = driver->GetCompilerContext();
   CHECK(compiler_context != NULL);
   return reinterpret_cast<art::llvm::CompilerLLVM*>(compiler_context);
 }
@@ -187,20 +187,20 @@
   return reinterpret_cast<art::llvm::CompilerLLVM*>(compiler_context);
 }
 
-extern "C" void ArtInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver) {
-  CHECK(driver.GetCompilerContext() == NULL);
+extern "C" void ArtInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver) {
+  CHECK(driver->GetCompilerContext() == nullptr);
 
-  art::llvm::CompilerLLVM* compiler_llvm = new art::llvm::CompilerLLVM(&driver,
-                                                                       driver.GetInstructionSet());
+  art::llvm::CompilerLLVM* compiler_llvm = new art::llvm::CompilerLLVM(driver,
+                                                                       driver->GetInstructionSet());
 
-  driver.SetCompilerContext(compiler_llvm);
+  driver->SetCompilerContext(compiler_llvm);
 }
 
-extern "C" void ArtUnInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver& driver) {
+extern "C" void ArtUnInitCompilerContext(art::CompilerDriver* driver) {
   delete ContextOf(driver);
-  driver.SetCompilerContext(NULL);
+  driver->SetCompilerContext(nullptr);
 }
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                  const art::DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                  uint32_t access_flags,
                                                  art::InvokeType invoke_type,
@@ -213,13 +213,13 @@
 
   art::DexCompilationUnit dex_compilation_unit(
     NULL, class_loader, class_linker, dex_file, code_item,
-    class_def_idx, method_idx, access_flags, driver.GetVerifiedMethod(&dex_file, method_idx));
+    class_def_idx, method_idx, access_flags, driver->GetVerifiedMethod(&dex_file, method_idx));
   art::llvm::CompilerLLVM* compiler_llvm = ContextOf(driver);
   art::CompiledMethod* result = compiler_llvm->CompileDexMethod(&dex_compilation_unit, invoke_type);
   return result;
 }
 
-extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver& driver,
+extern "C" art::CompiledMethod* ArtLLVMJniCompileMethod(art::CompilerDriver* driver,
                                                         uint32_t access_flags, uint32_t method_idx,
                                                         const art::DexFile& dex_file) {
   art::ClassLinker *class_linker = art::Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
index 9438890..b2c3c2d 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@
 };
 
 
-CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::TryCompile(CompilerDriver& driver,
-                                               const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
+CompiledMethod* OptimizingCompiler::TryCompile(const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                                                uint32_t access_flags,
                                                InvokeType invoke_type,
                                                uint16_t class_def_idx,
@@ -60,7 +59,8 @@
                                                const DexFile& dex_file) const {
   DexCompilationUnit dex_compilation_unit(
     nullptr, class_loader, art::Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker(), dex_file, code_item,
-    class_def_idx, method_idx, access_flags, driver.GetVerifiedMethod(&dex_file, method_idx));
+    class_def_idx, method_idx, access_flags,
+    GetCompilerDriver()->GetVerifiedMethod(&dex_file, method_idx));
 
   // For testing purposes, we put a special marker on method names that should be compiled
   // with this compiler. This makes sure we're not regressing.
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  InstructionSet instruction_set = driver.GetInstructionSet();
+  InstructionSet instruction_set = GetCompilerDriver()->GetInstructionSet();
   // The optimizing compiler currently does not have a Thumb2 assembler.
   if (instruction_set == kThumb2) {
     instruction_set = kArm;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
   graph->BuildDominatorTree();
   graph->TransformToSSA();
 
-  return new CompiledMethod(driver,
+  return new CompiledMethod(GetCompilerDriver(),
                             instruction_set,
                             allocator.GetMemory(),
                             codegen->GetFrameSize(),