Merge "Optimizing/X86: PC-relative dex cache array addressing."
diff --git a/compiler/dex/verified_method.cc b/compiler/dex/verified_method.cc
index 8eb37cf..0355f11 100644
--- a/compiler/dex/verified_method.cc
+++ b/compiler/dex/verified_method.cc
@@ -313,8 +313,9 @@
       concrete_method = reg_type.GetClass()->FindVirtualMethodForVirtual(
           abstract_method, pointer_size);
     }
-    if (concrete_method == nullptr || concrete_method->IsAbstract()) {
-      // In cases where concrete_method is not found, or is abstract, continue to the next invoke.
+    if (concrete_method == nullptr || !concrete_method->IsInvokable()) {
+      // In cases where concrete_method is not found, or is not invokable, continue to the next
+      // invoke.
       continue;
     }
     if (reg_type.IsPreciseReference() || concrete_method->IsFinal() ||
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
index 14ba81d..10841e6 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver-inl.h
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
       resolved_method->GetMethodIndex() < methods_class->GetVTableLength() &&
       (methods_class->GetVTableEntry(
           resolved_method->GetMethodIndex(), pointer_size) == resolved_method) &&
-      !resolved_method->IsAbstract();
+      resolved_method->IsInvokable();
 
   if (can_sharpen_virtual_based_on_type || can_sharpen_super_based_on_type) {
     // Sharpen a virtual call into a direct call. The method_idx is into referrer's
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
           class_loader, nullptr, kVirtual);
     }
     CHECK(called_method != nullptr);
-    CHECK(!called_method->IsAbstract());
+    CHECK(called_method->IsInvokable());
     int stats_flags = kFlagMethodResolved;
     GetCodeAndMethodForDirectCall(/*out*/invoke_type,
                                   kDirect,  // Sharp type
diff --git a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
index aa5e411..bf3a865 100644
--- a/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
+++ b/compiler/driver/compiler_driver.cc
@@ -1552,7 +1552,7 @@
       *type = sharp_type;
     }
   } else {
-    auto* image_space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+    auto* image_space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
     bool method_in_image = false;
     if (image_space != nullptr) {
       const auto& method_section = image_space->GetImageHeader().GetMethodsSection();
@@ -2034,8 +2034,14 @@
       Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache(hs.NewHandle(class_linker->FindDexCache(
           soa.Self(), dex_file, false)));
       std::string error_msg;
-      if (verifier::MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(soa.Self(), &dex_file, dex_cache, class_loader,
-                                                &class_def, true, &error_msg) ==
+      if (verifier::MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(soa.Self(),
+                                                &dex_file,
+                                                dex_cache,
+                                                class_loader,
+                                                &class_def,
+                                                true /* allow soft failures */,
+                                                true /* log hard failures */,
+                                                &error_msg) ==
                                                     verifier::MethodVerifier::kHardFailure) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Verification failed on class " << PrettyDescriptor(descriptor)
                    << " because: " << error_msg;
diff --git a/compiler/elf_writer_debug.cc b/compiler/elf_writer_debug.cc
index 90db7eb..7326233 100644
--- a/compiler/elf_writer_debug.cc
+++ b/compiler/elf_writer_debug.cc
@@ -451,12 +451,12 @@
     opcodes.EndSequence();
     WriteDebugLineTable(directories, files, opcodes, &debug_line, &debug_line_patches);
   }
+  builder->WriteSection(".debug_line", &debug_line);
+  builder->WritePatches(".debug_line.oat_patches", &debug_line_patches);
   builder->WriteSection(".debug_info", &debug_info);
   builder->WritePatches(".debug_info.oat_patches", &debug_info_patches);
   builder->WriteSection(".debug_abbrev", &debug_abbrev);
   builder->WriteSection(".debug_str", &debug_str);
-  builder->WriteSection(".debug_line", &debug_line);
-  builder->WritePatches(".debug_line.oat_patches", &debug_line_patches);
 }
 
 // Explicit instantiations
diff --git a/compiler/image_test.cc b/compiler/image_test.cc
index a38e1f5..6df1527 100644
--- a/compiler/image_test.cc
+++ b/compiler/image_test.cc
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(heap->HasImageSpace());
   ASSERT_TRUE(heap->GetNonMovingSpace()->IsMallocSpace());
 
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
   ASSERT_TRUE(image_space != nullptr);
   ASSERT_LE(image_space->Size(), image_file_size);
 
diff --git a/compiler/image_writer.cc b/compiler/image_writer.cc
index 0c85323..3f18d9a 100644
--- a/compiler/image_writer.cc
+++ b/compiler/image_writer.cc
@@ -372,9 +372,9 @@
   DCHECK(arr != nullptr);
   if (kIsDebugBuild) {
     for (size_t i = 0, len = arr->GetLength(); i < len; i++) {
-      auto* method = arr->GetElementPtrSize<ArtMethod*>(i, target_ptr_size_);
+      ArtMethod* method = arr->GetElementPtrSize<ArtMethod*>(i, target_ptr_size_);
       if (method != nullptr && !method->IsRuntimeMethod()) {
-        auto* klass = method->GetDeclaringClass();
+        mirror::Class* klass = method->GetDeclaringClass();
         CHECK(klass == nullptr || KeepClass(klass))
             << PrettyClass(klass) << " should be a kept class";
       }
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@
     size_t offset = lock_word.ForwardingAddress();
     BinSlot bin_slot(offset);
     DCHECK_LT(bin_slot.GetIndex(), bin_slot_sizes_[bin_slot.GetBin()])
-      << "bin slot offset should not exceed the size of that bin";
+        << "bin slot offset should not exceed the size of that bin";
   }
   return true;
 }
@@ -537,8 +537,13 @@
   const size_t length = RoundUp(image_objects_offset_begin_ + GetBinSizeSum() + intern_table_bytes_,
                                 kPageSize);
   std::string error_msg;
-  image_.reset(MemMap::MapAnonymous("image writer image", nullptr, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
-                                    false, false, &error_msg));
+  image_.reset(MemMap::MapAnonymous("image writer image",
+                                    nullptr,
+                                    length,
+                                    PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                    false,
+                                    false,
+                                    &error_msg));
   if (UNLIKELY(image_.get() == nullptr)) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to allocate memory for image file generation: " << error_msg;
     return false;
@@ -547,7 +552,9 @@
   // Create the image bitmap, only needs to cover mirror object section which is up to image_end_.
   CHECK_LE(image_end_, length);
   image_bitmap_.reset(gc::accounting::ContinuousSpaceBitmap::Create(
-      "image bitmap", image_->Begin(), RoundUp(image_end_, kPageSize)));
+      "image bitmap",
+      image_->Begin(),
+      RoundUp(image_end_, kPageSize)));
   if (image_bitmap_.get() == nullptr) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to allocate memory for image bitmap";
     return false;
@@ -905,8 +912,8 @@
           size_t& offset = bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtField];
           DCHECK(!IsInBootImage(cur_fields));
           native_object_relocations_.emplace(
-              cur_fields, NativeObjectRelocation {
-                  offset, kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtFieldArray });
+              cur_fields,
+              NativeObjectRelocation {offset, kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtFieldArray });
           offset += header_size;
           // Forward individual fields so that we can quickly find where they belong.
           for (size_t i = 0, count = cur_fields->size(); i < count; ++i) {
@@ -917,7 +924,8 @@
                 << " already assigned " << PrettyField(field) << " static=" << field->IsStatic();
             DCHECK(!IsInBootImage(field));
             native_object_relocations_.emplace(
-                field, NativeObjectRelocation {offset, kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtField });
+                field,
+                NativeObjectRelocation {offset, kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtField });
             offset += sizeof(ArtField);
           }
         }
@@ -940,8 +948,9 @@
           any_dirty = any_dirty || WillMethodBeDirty(&m);
           ++count;
         }
-        NativeObjectRelocationType type = any_dirty ? kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtMethodDirty :
-            kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtMethodClean;
+        NativeObjectRelocationType type = any_dirty
+            ? kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtMethodDirty
+            : kNativeObjectRelocationTypeArtMethodClean;
         Bin bin_type = BinTypeForNativeRelocationType(type);
         // Forward the entire array at once, but header first.
         const size_t header_size = LengthPrefixedArray<ArtMethod>::ComputeSize(0,
@@ -1124,8 +1133,9 @@
   cur_pos = RoundUp(cur_pos, ArtMethod::Alignment(target_ptr_size_));
   // Add method section.
   auto* methods_section = &sections[ImageHeader::kSectionArtMethods];
-  *methods_section = ImageSection(cur_pos, bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodClean] +
-                                  bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodDirty]);
+  *methods_section = ImageSection(cur_pos,
+                                  bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodClean] +
+                                      bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodDirty]);
   CHECK_EQ(bin_slot_offsets_[kBinArtMethodClean], methods_section->Offset());
   cur_pos = methods_section->End();
   // Add dex cache arrays section.
@@ -1156,12 +1166,17 @@
   CHECK_EQ(AlignUp(image_begin_ + image_end, kPageSize), oat_file_begin) <<
       "Oat file should be right after the image.";
   // Create the header.
-  new (image_->Begin()) ImageHeader(
-      PointerToLowMemUInt32(image_begin_), image_end,
-      sections, image_roots_address_, oat_file_->GetOatHeader().GetChecksum(),
-      PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_file_begin), PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_data_begin_),
-      PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_data_end), PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_file_end), target_ptr_size_,
-      compile_pic_);
+  new (image_->Begin()) ImageHeader(PointerToLowMemUInt32(image_begin_),
+                                                          image_end,
+                                                          sections,
+                                                          image_roots_address_,
+                                                          oat_file_->GetOatHeader().GetChecksum(),
+                                                          PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_file_begin),
+                                                          PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_data_begin_),
+                                                          PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_data_end),
+                                                          PointerToLowMemUInt32(oat_file_end),
+                                                          target_ptr_size_,
+                                                          compile_pic_);
 }
 
 ArtMethod* ImageWriter::GetImageMethodAddress(ArtMethod* method) {
@@ -1371,14 +1386,16 @@
     // Use SetFieldObjectWithoutWriteBarrier to avoid card marking since we are writing to the
     // image.
     copy_->SetFieldObjectWithoutWriteBarrier<false, true, kVerifyNone>(
-        offset, image_writer_->GetImageAddress(ref));
+        offset,
+        image_writer_->GetImageAddress(ref));
   }
 
   // java.lang.ref.Reference visitor.
   void operator()(mirror::Class* klass ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, mirror::Reference* ref) const
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_) {
     copy_->SetFieldObjectWithoutWriteBarrier<false, true, kVerifyNone>(
-        mirror::Reference::ReferentOffset(), image_writer_->GetImageAddress(ref->GetReferent()));
+        mirror::Reference::ReferentOffset(),
+        image_writer_->GetImageAddress(ref->GetReferent()));
   }
 
  protected:
@@ -1572,7 +1589,7 @@
   // If we are compiling an app image, we need to use the stubs of the boot image.
   if (compile_app_image_) {
     // Use the current image pointers.
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     DCHECK(image_space != nullptr);
     const OatFile* oat_file = image_space->GetOatFile();
     CHECK(oat_file != nullptr);
@@ -1604,7 +1621,7 @@
   DCHECK(!method->IsResolutionMethod()) << PrettyMethod(method);
   DCHECK(!method->IsImtConflictMethod()) << PrettyMethod(method);
   DCHECK(!method->IsImtUnimplementedMethod()) << PrettyMethod(method);
-  DCHECK(!method->IsAbstract()) << PrettyMethod(method);
+  DCHECK(method->IsInvokable()) << PrettyMethod(method);
   DCHECK(!IsInBootImage(method)) << PrettyMethod(method);
 
   // Use original code if it exists. Otherwise, set the code pointer to the resolution
@@ -1651,7 +1668,7 @@
     // We assume all methods have code. If they don't currently then we set them to the use the
     // resolution trampoline. Abstract methods never have code and so we need to make sure their
     // use results in an AbstractMethodError. We use the interpreter to achieve this.
-    if (UNLIKELY(method->IsAbstract())) {
+    if (UNLIKELY(!method->IsInvokable())) {
       return GetOatAddress(kOatAddressQuickToInterpreterBridge);
     } else {
       bool quick_is_interpreted;
@@ -1697,7 +1714,7 @@
     // We assume all methods have code. If they don't currently then we set them to the use the
     // resolution trampoline. Abstract methods never have code and so we need to make sure their
     // use results in an AbstractMethodError. We use the interpreter to achieve this.
-    if (UNLIKELY(orig->IsAbstract())) {
+    if (UNLIKELY(!orig->IsInvokable())) {
       copy->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCodePtrSize(
           GetOatAddress(kOatAddressQuickToInterpreterBridge), target_ptr_size_);
     } else {
@@ -1727,8 +1744,10 @@
 
 void ImageWriter::SetOatChecksumFromElfFile(File* elf_file) {
   std::string error_msg;
-  std::unique_ptr<ElfFile> elf(ElfFile::Open(elf_file, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
-                                             MAP_SHARED, &error_msg));
+  std::unique_ptr<ElfFile> elf(ElfFile::Open(elf_file,
+                                             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                             MAP_SHARED,
+                                             &error_msg));
   if (elf.get() == nullptr) {
     LOG(FATAL) << "Unable open oat file: " << error_msg;
     return;
@@ -1771,10 +1790,11 @@
 
 uint8_t* ImageWriter::GetOatFileBegin() const {
   DCHECK_GT(intern_table_bytes_, 0u);
-  size_t native_sections_size =
-      bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtField] + bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodDirty] +
-      bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodClean] + bin_slot_sizes_[kBinDexCacheArray] +
-      intern_table_bytes_;
+  size_t native_sections_size = bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtField] +
+                                bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodDirty] +
+                                bin_slot_sizes_[kBinArtMethodClean] +
+                                bin_slot_sizes_[kBinDexCacheArray] +
+                                intern_table_bytes_;
   return image_begin_ + RoundUp(image_end_ + native_sections_size, kPageSize);
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/image_writer.h b/compiler/image_writer.h
index 120de97..a0a785e 100644
--- a/compiler/image_writer.h
+++ b/compiler/image_writer.h
@@ -308,8 +308,11 @@
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
   void FixupDexCache(mirror::DexCache* orig_dex_cache, mirror::DexCache* copy_dex_cache)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
-  void FixupPointerArray(mirror::Object* dst, mirror::PointerArray* arr, mirror::Class* klass,
-                         Bin array_type) SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+  void FixupPointerArray(mirror::Object* dst,
+                         mirror::PointerArray* arr,
+                         mirror::Class* klass,
+                         Bin array_type)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Get quick code for non-resolution/imt_conflict/abstract method.
   const uint8_t* GetQuickCode(ArtMethod* method, bool* quick_is_interpreted)
@@ -331,8 +334,12 @@
   void AssignMethodOffset(ArtMethod* method, NativeObjectRelocationType type)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  // Return true if klass is loaded by the boot class loader but not in the boot image.
   bool IsBootClassLoaderNonImageClass(mirror::Class* klass) SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  // Return true if klass depends on a boot class loader non image class live. We want to prune
+  // these classes since we do not want any boot class loader classes in the image. This means that
+  // we also cannot have any classes which refer to these boot class loader non image classes.
   bool ContainsBootClassLoaderNonImageClass(mirror::Class* klass)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
@@ -394,7 +401,7 @@
   const bool compile_pic_;
   const bool compile_app_image_;
 
-  // Boot image space for fast lookups.
+  // Cache the boot image space in this class for faster lookups.
   gc::space::ImageSpace* boot_image_space_;
 
   // Size of pointers on the target architecture.
@@ -432,7 +439,7 @@
   uint64_t dirty_methods_;
   uint64_t clean_methods_;
 
-  // Prune class memoization table.
+  // Prune class memoization table to speed up ContainsBootClassLoaderNonImageClass.
   std::unordered_map<mirror::Class*, bool> prune_class_memo_;
 
   friend class ContainsBootClassLoaderNonImageClassVisitor;
diff --git a/compiler/oat_writer.cc b/compiler/oat_writer.cc
index 3f2271e..40a3f14 100644
--- a/compiler/oat_writer.cc
+++ b/compiler/oat_writer.cc
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@
       // NOTE: We're using linker patches for app->boot references when the image can
       // be relocated and therefore we need to emit .oat_patches. We're not using this
       // for app->app references, so check that the method is an image method.
-      gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+      gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
       size_t method_offset = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(method) - image_space->Begin();
       CHECK(image_space->GetImageHeader().GetMethodsSection().Contains(method_offset));
     }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc
index 6d05293..54c6cc8 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_arm.cc
@@ -2694,7 +2694,7 @@
     case Primitive::kPrimInt: {
       if (div->InputAt(1)->IsConstant()) {
         locations->SetInAt(0, Location::RequiresRegister());
-        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RegisterOrConstant(div->InputAt(1)));
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::ConstantLocation(div->InputAt(1)->AsConstant()));
         locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kNoOutputOverlap);
         int32_t abs_imm = std::abs(div->InputAt(1)->AsIntConstant()->GetValue());
         if (abs_imm <= 1) {
@@ -2818,7 +2818,7 @@
     case Primitive::kPrimInt: {
       if (rem->InputAt(1)->IsConstant()) {
         locations->SetInAt(0, Location::RequiresRegister());
-        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RegisterOrConstant(rem->InputAt(1)));
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::ConstantLocation(rem->InputAt(1)->AsConstant()));
         locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kNoOutputOverlap);
         int32_t abs_imm = std::abs(rem->InputAt(1)->AsIntConstant()->GetValue());
         if (abs_imm <= 1) {
@@ -2989,17 +2989,29 @@
   switch (op->GetResultType()) {
     case Primitive::kPrimInt: {
       locations->SetInAt(0, Location::RequiresRegister());
-      locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RegisterOrConstant(op->InputAt(1)));
-      // Make the output overlap, as it will be used to hold the masked
-      // second input.
-      locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kOutputOverlap);
+      if (op->InputAt(1)->IsConstant()) {
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::ConstantLocation(op->InputAt(1)->AsConstant()));
+        locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kNoOutputOverlap);
+      } else {
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RequiresRegister());
+        // Make the output overlap, as it will be used to hold the masked
+        // second input.
+        locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kOutputOverlap);
+      }
       break;
     }
     case Primitive::kPrimLong: {
       locations->SetInAt(0, Location::RequiresRegister());
-      locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RequiresRegister());
-      locations->AddTemp(Location::RequiresRegister());
-      locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister());
+      if (op->InputAt(1)->IsConstant()) {
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::ConstantLocation(op->InputAt(1)->AsConstant()));
+        // For simplicity, use kOutputOverlap even though we only require that low registers
+        // don't clash with high registers which the register allocator currently guarantees.
+        locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kOutputOverlap);
+      } else {
+        locations->SetInAt(1, Location::RequiresRegister());
+        locations->AddTemp(Location::RequiresRegister());
+        locations->SetOut(Location::RequiresRegister(), Location::kOutputOverlap);
+      }
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -3020,9 +3032,9 @@
     case Primitive::kPrimInt: {
       Register out_reg = out.AsRegister<Register>();
       Register first_reg = first.AsRegister<Register>();
-      // Arm doesn't mask the shift count so we need to do it ourselves.
       if (second.IsRegister()) {
         Register second_reg = second.AsRegister<Register>();
+        // Arm doesn't mask the shift count so we need to do it ourselves.
         __ and_(out_reg, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxIntShiftValue));
         if (op->IsShl()) {
           __ Lsl(out_reg, first_reg, out_reg);
@@ -3050,57 +3062,103 @@
       Register o_h = out.AsRegisterPairHigh<Register>();
       Register o_l = out.AsRegisterPairLow<Register>();
 
-      Register temp = locations->GetTemp(0).AsRegister<Register>();
-
       Register high = first.AsRegisterPairHigh<Register>();
       Register low = first.AsRegisterPairLow<Register>();
 
-      Register second_reg = second.AsRegister<Register>();
+      if (second.IsRegister()) {
+        Register temp = locations->GetTemp(0).AsRegister<Register>();
 
-      if (op->IsShl()) {
-        __ and_(o_l, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
-        // Shift the high part
-        __ Lsl(o_h, high, o_l);
-        // Shift the low part and `or` what overflew on the high part
-        __ rsb(temp, o_l, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ Lsr(temp, low, temp);
-        __ orr(o_h, o_h, ShifterOperand(temp));
-        // If the shift is > 32 bits, override the high part
-        __ subs(temp, o_l, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ it(PL);
-        __ Lsl(o_h, low, temp, PL);
-        // Shift the low part
-        __ Lsl(o_l, low, o_l);
-      } else if (op->IsShr()) {
-        __ and_(o_h, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
-        // Shift the low part
-        __ Lsr(o_l, low, o_h);
-        // Shift the high part and `or` what underflew on the low part
-        __ rsb(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ Lsl(temp, high, temp);
-        __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(temp));
-        // If the shift is > 32 bits, override the low part
-        __ subs(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ it(PL);
-        __ Asr(o_l, high, temp, PL);
-        // Shift the high part
-        __ Asr(o_h, high, o_h);
+        Register second_reg = second.AsRegister<Register>();
+
+        if (op->IsShl()) {
+          __ and_(o_l, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
+          // Shift the high part
+          __ Lsl(o_h, high, o_l);
+          // Shift the low part and `or` what overflew on the high part
+          __ rsb(temp, o_l, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ Lsr(temp, low, temp);
+          __ orr(o_h, o_h, ShifterOperand(temp));
+          // If the shift is > 32 bits, override the high part
+          __ subs(temp, o_l, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ it(PL);
+          __ Lsl(o_h, low, temp, PL);
+          // Shift the low part
+          __ Lsl(o_l, low, o_l);
+        } else if (op->IsShr()) {
+          __ and_(o_h, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
+          // Shift the low part
+          __ Lsr(o_l, low, o_h);
+          // Shift the high part and `or` what underflew on the low part
+          __ rsb(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ Lsl(temp, high, temp);
+          __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(temp));
+          // If the shift is > 32 bits, override the low part
+          __ subs(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ it(PL);
+          __ Asr(o_l, high, temp, PL);
+          // Shift the high part
+          __ Asr(o_h, high, o_h);
+        } else {
+          __ and_(o_h, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
+          // same as Shr except we use `Lsr`s and not `Asr`s
+          __ Lsr(o_l, low, o_h);
+          __ rsb(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ Lsl(temp, high, temp);
+          __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(temp));
+          __ subs(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
+          __ it(PL);
+          __ Lsr(o_l, high, temp, PL);
+          __ Lsr(o_h, high, o_h);
+        }
       } else {
-        __ and_(o_h, second_reg, ShifterOperand(kMaxLongShiftValue));
-        // same as Shr except we use `Lsr`s and not `Asr`s
-        __ Lsr(o_l, low, o_h);
-        __ rsb(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ Lsl(temp, high, temp);
-        __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(temp));
-        __ subs(temp, o_h, ShifterOperand(kArmBitsPerWord));
-        __ it(PL);
-        __ Lsr(o_l, high, temp, PL);
-        __ Lsr(o_h, high, o_h);
+        // Register allocator doesn't create partial overlap.
+        DCHECK_NE(o_l, high);
+        DCHECK_NE(o_h, low);
+        int32_t cst = second.GetConstant()->AsIntConstant()->GetValue();
+        uint32_t shift_value = static_cast<uint32_t>(cst & kMaxLongShiftValue);
+        if (shift_value > 32) {
+          if (op->IsShl()) {
+            __ Lsl(o_h, low, shift_value - 32);
+            __ LoadImmediate(o_l, 0);
+          } else if (op->IsShr()) {
+            __ Asr(o_l, high, shift_value - 32);
+            __ Asr(o_h, high, 31);
+          } else {
+            __ Lsr(o_l, high, shift_value - 32);
+            __ LoadImmediate(o_h, 0);
+          }
+        } else if (shift_value == 32) {
+          if (op->IsShl()) {
+            __ mov(o_h, ShifterOperand(low));
+            __ LoadImmediate(o_l, 0);
+          } else if (op->IsShr()) {
+            __ mov(o_l, ShifterOperand(high));
+            __ Asr(o_h, high, 31);
+          } else {
+            __ mov(o_l, ShifterOperand(high));
+            __ LoadImmediate(o_h, 0);
+          }
+        } else {  // shift_value < 32
+          if (op->IsShl()) {
+            __ Lsl(o_h, high, shift_value);
+            __ orr(o_h, o_h, ShifterOperand(low, LSR, 32 - shift_value));
+            __ Lsl(o_l, low, shift_value);
+          } else if (op->IsShr()) {
+            __ Lsr(o_l, low, shift_value);
+            __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(high, LSL, 32 - shift_value));
+            __ Asr(o_h, high, shift_value);
+          } else {
+            __ Lsr(o_l, low, shift_value);
+            __ orr(o_l, o_l, ShifterOperand(high, LSL, 32 - shift_value));
+            __ Lsr(o_h, high, shift_value);
+          }
+        }
       }
       break;
     }
     default:
       LOG(FATAL) << "Unexpected operation type " << type;
+      UNREACHABLE();
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.cc
index b36a042..9b78dec 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.cc
@@ -2977,7 +2977,7 @@
   CodeGenerator::CreateLoadClassLocationSummary(
       cls,
       Location::RegisterLocation(calling_convention.GetRegisterAt(0)),
-      Location::RegisterLocation(A0));
+      calling_convention.GetReturnLocation(cls->GetType()));
 }
 
 void InstructionCodeGeneratorMIPS64::VisitLoadClass(HLoadClass* cls) {
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.h b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.h
index 58c6e0f..ac3162f 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_mips64.h
@@ -119,9 +119,12 @@
   Location GetReturnLocation(Primitive::Type type ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) const OVERRIDE {
     return Location::RegisterLocation(V0);
   }
-  Location GetSetValueLocation(
-      Primitive::Type type ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, bool is_instance) const OVERRIDE {
-    return is_instance ? Location::RegisterLocation(A2) : Location::RegisterLocation(A1);
+  Location GetSetValueLocation(Primitive::Type type, bool is_instance) const OVERRIDE {
+    return Primitive::Is64BitType(type)
+        ? Location::RegisterLocation(A2)
+        : (is_instance
+            ? Location::RegisterLocation(A2)
+            : Location::RegisterLocation(A1));
   }
   Location GetFpuLocation(Primitive::Type type ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) const OVERRIDE {
     return Location::FpuRegisterLocation(F0);
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc
index d5d6c21..0147b01 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/code_generator_x86.cc
@@ -3024,7 +3024,7 @@
       DCHECK_EQ(EAX, first.AsRegister<Register>());
       DCHECK_EQ(is_div ? EAX : EDX, out.AsRegister<Register>());
 
-      if (instruction->InputAt(1)->IsIntConstant()) {
+      if (second.IsConstant()) {
         int32_t imm = second.GetConstant()->AsIntConstant()->GetValue();
 
         if (imm == 0) {
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/dead_code_elimination.cc b/compiler/optimizing/dead_code_elimination.cc
index 9754043..02e5dab 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/dead_code_elimination.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/dead_code_elimination.cc
@@ -123,20 +123,21 @@
   }
 
   // If we removed at least one block, we need to recompute the full
-  // dominator tree.
+  // dominator tree and try block membership.
   if (removed_one_or_more_blocks) {
     graph_->ClearDominanceInformation();
     graph_->ComputeDominanceInformation();
+    graph_->ComputeTryBlockInformation();
   }
 
   // Connect successive blocks created by dead branches. Order does not matter.
   for (HReversePostOrderIterator it(*graph_); !it.Done();) {
     HBasicBlock* block  = it.Current();
-    if (block->IsEntryBlock() || block->GetSuccessors().size() != 1u) {
+    if (block->IsEntryBlock() || !block->GetLastInstruction()->IsGoto()) {
       it.Advance();
       continue;
     }
-    HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[0];
+    HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSingleSuccessor();
     if (successor->IsExitBlock() || successor->GetPredecessors().size() != 1u) {
       it.Advance();
       continue;
@@ -176,10 +177,7 @@
 }
 
 void HDeadCodeElimination::Run() {
-  if (!graph_->HasTryCatch()) {
-    // TODO: Update dead block elimination and enable for try/catch.
-    RemoveDeadBlocks();
-  }
+  RemoveDeadBlocks();
   SsaRedundantPhiElimination(graph_).Run();
   RemoveDeadInstructions();
 }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/graph_checker.cc b/compiler/optimizing/graph_checker.cc
index 0d7c796..5814d75 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/graph_checker.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/graph_checker.cc
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@
 }
 
 void GraphChecker::VisitTryBoundary(HTryBoundary* try_boundary) {
-  // Ensure that all exception handlers are catch blocks and that handlers
-  // are not listed multiple times.
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> handlers = try_boundary->GetExceptionHandlers();
+
+  // Ensure that all exception handlers are catch blocks.
   // Note that a normal-flow successor may be a catch block before CFG
   // simplification. We only test normal-flow successors in SsaChecker.
-  for (HExceptionHandlerIterator it(*try_boundary); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
-    HBasicBlock* handler = it.Current();
+  for (HBasicBlock* handler : handlers) {
     if (!handler->IsCatchBlock()) {
       AddError(StringPrintf("Block %d with %s:%d has exceptional successor %d which "
                             "is not a catch block.",
@@ -177,9 +177,13 @@
                             try_boundary->GetId(),
                             handler->GetBlockId()));
     }
-    if (current_block_->HasSuccessor(handler, it.CurrentSuccessorIndex() + 1)) {
-      AddError(StringPrintf("Exception handler block %d of %s:%d is listed multiple times.",
-                            handler->GetBlockId(),
+  }
+
+  // Ensure that handlers are not listed multiple times.
+  for (size_t i = 0, e = handlers.size(); i < e; ++i) {
+    if (ContainsElement(handlers, handlers[i], i + 1)) {
+        AddError(StringPrintf("Exception handler block %d of %s:%d is listed multiple times.",
+                            handlers[i]->GetBlockId(),
                             try_boundary->DebugName(),
                             try_boundary->GetId()));
     }
@@ -371,17 +375,14 @@
 
   // Ensure that catch blocks are not normal successors, and normal blocks are
   // never exceptional successors.
-  const size_t num_normal_successors = block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors();
-  for (size_t j = 0; j < num_normal_successors; ++j) {
-    HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[j];
+  for (HBasicBlock* successor : block->GetNormalSuccessors()) {
     if (successor->IsCatchBlock()) {
       AddError(StringPrintf("Catch block %d is a normal successor of block %d.",
                             successor->GetBlockId(),
                             block->GetBlockId()));
     }
   }
-  for (size_t j = num_normal_successors, e = block->GetSuccessors().size(); j < e; ++j) {
-    HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[j];
+  for (HBasicBlock* successor : block->GetExceptionalSuccessors()) {
     if (!successor->IsCatchBlock()) {
       AddError(StringPrintf("Normal block %d is an exceptional successor of block %d.",
                             successor->GetBlockId(),
@@ -393,10 +394,14 @@
   // block with multiple successors to a block with multiple
   // predecessors). Exceptional edges are synthesized and hence
   // not accounted for.
-  if (block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors() > 1) {
-    for (size_t j = 0, e = block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(); j < e; ++j) {
-      HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[j];
-      if (successor->GetPredecessors().size() > 1) {
+  if (block->GetSuccessors().size() > 1) {
+    for (HBasicBlock* successor : block->GetNormalSuccessors()) {
+      if (successor->IsExitBlock() &&
+          block->IsSingleTryBoundary() &&
+          block->GetPredecessors().size() == 1u &&
+          block->GetSinglePredecessor()->GetLastInstruction()->IsThrow()) {
+        // Allowed critical edge Throw->TryBoundary->Exit.
+      } else if (successor->GetPredecessors().size() > 1) {
         AddError(StringPrintf("Critical edge between blocks %d and %d.",
                               block->GetBlockId(),
                               successor->GetBlockId()));
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
index 4111671..2b77901 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "code_generator.h"
 #include "dead_code_elimination.h"
 #include "disassembler.h"
+#include "inliner.h"
 #include "licm.h"
 #include "nodes.h"
 #include "optimization.h"
@@ -252,8 +253,7 @@
   void PrintSuccessors(HBasicBlock* block) {
     AddIndent();
     output_ << "successors";
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(); ++i) {
-      HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[i];
+    for (HBasicBlock* successor : block->GetNormalSuccessors()) {
       output_ << " \"B" << successor->GetBlockId() << "\" ";
     }
     output_<< std::endl;
@@ -262,8 +262,7 @@
   void PrintExceptionHandlers(HBasicBlock* block) {
     AddIndent();
     output_ << "xhandlers";
-    for (size_t i = block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(); i < block->GetSuccessors().size(); ++i) {
-      HBasicBlock* handler = block->GetSuccessors()[i];
+    for (HBasicBlock* handler : block->GetExceptionalSuccessors()) {
       output_ << " \"B" << handler->GetBlockId() << "\" ";
     }
     if (block->IsExitBlock() &&
@@ -424,11 +423,6 @@
     return strcmp(pass_name_, name) == 0;
   }
 
-  bool IsReferenceTypePropagationPass() {
-    return strstr(pass_name_, ReferenceTypePropagation::kReferenceTypePropagationPassName)
-        != nullptr;
-  }
-
   void PrintInstruction(HInstruction* instruction) {
     output_ << instruction->DebugName();
     if (instruction->InputCount() > 0) {
@@ -492,7 +486,8 @@
       } else {
         StartAttributeStream("loop") << "B" << info->GetHeader()->GetBlockId();
       }
-    } else if (IsReferenceTypePropagationPass()
+    } else if ((IsPass(ReferenceTypePropagation::kReferenceTypePropagationPassName)
+        || IsPass(HInliner::kInlinerPassName))
         && (instruction->GetType() == Primitive::kPrimNot)) {
       ReferenceTypeInfo info = instruction->IsLoadClass()
         ? instruction->AsLoadClass()->GetLoadedClassRTI()
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
index 353881e..0363f20 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/inliner.cc
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
     // the target method. Since we check above the exact type of the receiver,
     // the only reason this can happen is an IncompatibleClassChangeError.
     return nullptr;
-  } else if (resolved_method->IsAbstract()) {
+  } else if (!resolved_method->IsInvokable()) {
     // The information we had on the receiver was not enough to find
     // the target method. Since we check above the exact type of the receiver,
     // the only reason this can happen is an IncompatibleClassChangeError.
@@ -406,8 +406,8 @@
     &type_propagation,
     &sharpening,
     &simplify,
-    &dce,
     &fold,
+    &dce,
   };
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < arraysize(optimizations); ++i) {
@@ -534,6 +534,7 @@
             ReferenceTypeInfo::Create(obj_handle, false /* is_exact */));
   }
 
+  // Check the integrity of reference types and run another type propagation if needed.
   if ((return_replacement != nullptr)
       && (return_replacement->GetType() == Primitive::kPrimNot)) {
     if (!return_replacement->GetReferenceTypeInfo().IsValid()) {
@@ -544,10 +545,20 @@
       DCHECK(return_replacement->IsPhi());
       size_t pointer_size = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->GetImagePointerSize();
       ReferenceTypeInfo::TypeHandle return_handle =
-        handles_->NewHandle(resolved_method->GetReturnType(true /* resolve */, pointer_size));
+          handles_->NewHandle(resolved_method->GetReturnType(true /* resolve */, pointer_size));
       return_replacement->SetReferenceTypeInfo(ReferenceTypeInfo::Create(
          return_handle, return_handle->CannotBeAssignedFromOtherTypes() /* is_exact */));
     }
+
+    // If the return type is a refinement of the declared type run the type propagation again.
+    ReferenceTypeInfo return_rti = return_replacement->GetReferenceTypeInfo();
+    ReferenceTypeInfo invoke_rti = invoke_instruction->GetReferenceTypeInfo();
+    if (invoke_rti.IsStrictSupertypeOf(return_rti)
+        || (return_rti.IsExact() && !invoke_rti.IsExact())
+        || !return_replacement->CanBeNull()) {
+      ReferenceTypePropagation rtp_fixup(graph_, handles_);
+      rtp_fixup.Run();
+    }
   }
 
   return true;
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
index 83f53d7..73a44ee 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
@@ -362,7 +362,11 @@
     HBasicBlock* first_predecessor = block->GetPredecessors()[0];
     DCHECK(!block->IsLoopHeader() || !block->GetLoopInformation()->IsBackEdge(*first_predecessor));
     const HTryBoundary* try_entry = first_predecessor->ComputeTryEntryOfSuccessors();
-    if (try_entry != nullptr) {
+    if (try_entry != nullptr &&
+        (block->GetTryCatchInformation() == nullptr ||
+         try_entry != &block->GetTryCatchInformation()->GetTryEntry())) {
+      // We are either setting try block membership for the first time or it
+      // has changed.
       block->SetTryCatchInformation(new (arena_) TryCatchInformation(*try_entry));
     }
   }
@@ -381,8 +385,9 @@
       // Only split normal-flow edges. We cannot split exceptional edges as they
       // are synthesized (approximate real control flow), and we do not need to
       // anyway. Moves that would be inserted there are performed by the runtime.
-      for (size_t j = 0, e = block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(); j < e; ++j) {
-        HBasicBlock* successor = block->GetSuccessors()[j];
+      ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> normal_successors = block->GetNormalSuccessors();
+      for (size_t j = 0, e = normal_successors.size(); j < e; ++j) {
+        HBasicBlock* successor = normal_successors[j];
         DCHECK(!successor->IsCatchBlock());
         if (successor == exit_block_) {
           // Throw->TryBoundary->Exit. Special case which we do not want to split
@@ -391,7 +396,11 @@
           DCHECK(block->GetSinglePredecessor()->GetLastInstruction()->IsThrow());
         } else if (successor->GetPredecessors().size() > 1) {
           SplitCriticalEdge(block, successor);
-          --j;
+          // SplitCriticalEdge could have invalidated the `normal_successors`
+          // ArrayRef. We must re-acquire it.
+          normal_successors = block->GetNormalSuccessors();
+          DCHECK_EQ(normal_successors[j]->GetSingleSuccessor(), successor);
+          DCHECK_EQ(e, normal_successors.size());
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1086,6 +1095,8 @@
     } else if (GetRight()->IsLongConstant()) {
       return Evaluate(GetLeft()->AsLongConstant(), GetRight()->AsLongConstant());
     }
+  } else if (GetLeft()->IsNullConstant() && GetRight()->IsNullConstant()) {
+    return Evaluate(GetLeft()->AsNullConstant(), GetRight()->AsNullConstant());
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1325,17 +1336,38 @@
   return !GetPhis().IsEmpty() && GetFirstPhi()->GetNext() == nullptr;
 }
 
+ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> HBasicBlock::GetNormalSuccessors() const {
+  if (EndsWithTryBoundary()) {
+    // The normal-flow successor of HTryBoundary is always stored at index zero.
+    DCHECK_EQ(successors_[0], GetLastInstruction()->AsTryBoundary()->GetNormalFlowSuccessor());
+    return ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const>(successors_).SubArray(0u, 1u);
+  } else {
+    // All successors of blocks not ending with TryBoundary are normal.
+    return ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const>(successors_);
+  }
+}
+
+ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> HBasicBlock::GetExceptionalSuccessors() const {
+  if (EndsWithTryBoundary()) {
+    return GetLastInstruction()->AsTryBoundary()->GetExceptionHandlers();
+  } else {
+    // Blocks not ending with TryBoundary do not have exceptional successors.
+    return ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const>();
+  }
+}
+
 bool HTryBoundary::HasSameExceptionHandlersAs(const HTryBoundary& other) const {
-  if (GetBlock()->GetSuccessors().size() != other.GetBlock()->GetSuccessors().size()) {
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> handlers1 = GetExceptionHandlers();
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> handlers2 = other.GetExceptionHandlers();
+
+  size_t length = handlers1.size();
+  if (length != handlers2.size()) {
     return false;
   }
 
   // Exception handlers need to be stored in the same order.
-  for (HExceptionHandlerIterator it1(*this), it2(other);
-       !it1.Done();
-       it1.Advance(), it2.Advance()) {
-    DCHECK(!it2.Done());
-    if (it1.Current() != it2.Current()) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    if (handlers1[i] != handlers2[i]) {
       return false;
     }
   }
@@ -1388,7 +1420,7 @@
   // iteration.
   DCHECK(dominated_blocks_.empty());
 
-  // Remove the block from all loops it is included in.
+  // (1) Remove the block from all loops it is included in.
   for (HLoopInformationOutwardIterator it(*this); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
     HLoopInformation* loop_info = it.Current();
     loop_info->Remove(this);
@@ -1400,17 +1432,34 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // Disconnect the block from its predecessors and update their control-flow
-  // instructions.
+  // (2) Disconnect the block from its predecessors and update their
+  //     control-flow instructions.
   for (HBasicBlock* predecessor : predecessors_) {
     HInstruction* last_instruction = predecessor->GetLastInstruction();
+    if (last_instruction->IsTryBoundary() && !IsCatchBlock()) {
+      // This block is the only normal-flow successor of the TryBoundary which
+      // makes `predecessor` dead. Since DCE removes blocks in post order,
+      // exception handlers of this TryBoundary were already visited and any
+      // remaining handlers therefore must be live. We remove `predecessor` from
+      // their list of predecessors.
+      DCHECK_EQ(last_instruction->AsTryBoundary()->GetNormalFlowSuccessor(), this);
+      while (predecessor->GetSuccessors().size() > 1) {
+        HBasicBlock* handler = predecessor->GetSuccessors()[1];
+        DCHECK(handler->IsCatchBlock());
+        predecessor->RemoveSuccessor(handler);
+        handler->RemovePredecessor(predecessor);
+      }
+    }
+
     predecessor->RemoveSuccessor(this);
     uint32_t num_pred_successors = predecessor->GetSuccessors().size();
     if (num_pred_successors == 1u) {
       // If we have one successor after removing one, then we must have
-      // had an HIf or HPackedSwitch, as they have more than one successor.
-      // Replace those with a HGoto.
-      DCHECK(last_instruction->IsIf() || last_instruction->IsPackedSwitch());
+      // had an HIf, HPackedSwitch or HTryBoundary, as they have more than one
+      // successor. Replace those with a HGoto.
+      DCHECK(last_instruction->IsIf() ||
+             last_instruction->IsPackedSwitch() ||
+             (last_instruction->IsTryBoundary() && IsCatchBlock()));
       predecessor->RemoveInstruction(last_instruction);
       predecessor->AddInstruction(new (graph_->GetArena()) HGoto(last_instruction->GetDexPc()));
     } else if (num_pred_successors == 0u) {
@@ -1419,15 +1468,17 @@
       // SSAChecker fails unless it is not removed during the pass too.
       predecessor->RemoveInstruction(last_instruction);
     } else {
-      // There are multiple successors left.  This must come from a HPackedSwitch
-      // and we are in the middle of removing the HPackedSwitch. Like above, leave
-      // this alone, and the SSAChecker will fail if it is not removed as well.
-      DCHECK(last_instruction->IsPackedSwitch());
+      // There are multiple successors left. The removed block might be a successor
+      // of a PackedSwitch which will be completely removed (perhaps replaced with
+      // a Goto), or we are deleting a catch block from a TryBoundary. In either
+      // case, leave `last_instruction` as is for now.
+      DCHECK(last_instruction->IsPackedSwitch() ||
+             (last_instruction->IsTryBoundary() && IsCatchBlock()));
     }
   }
   predecessors_.clear();
 
-  // Disconnect the block from its successors and update their phis.
+  // (3) Disconnect the block from its successors and update their phis.
   for (HBasicBlock* successor : successors_) {
     // Delete this block from the list of predecessors.
     size_t this_index = successor->GetPredecessorIndexOf(this);
@@ -1437,30 +1488,57 @@
     // dominator of `successor` which violates the order DCHECKed at the top.
     DCHECK(!successor->predecessors_.empty());
 
-    // Remove this block's entries in the successor's phis.
-    if (successor->predecessors_.size() == 1u) {
-      // The successor has just one predecessor left. Replace phis with the only
-      // remaining input.
-      for (HInstructionIterator phi_it(successor->GetPhis()); !phi_it.Done(); phi_it.Advance()) {
-        HPhi* phi = phi_it.Current()->AsPhi();
-        phi->ReplaceWith(phi->InputAt(1 - this_index));
-        successor->RemovePhi(phi);
-      }
-    } else {
-      for (HInstructionIterator phi_it(successor->GetPhis()); !phi_it.Done(); phi_it.Advance()) {
-        phi_it.Current()->AsPhi()->RemoveInputAt(this_index);
+    // Remove this block's entries in the successor's phis. Skip exceptional
+    // successors because catch phi inputs do not correspond to predecessor
+    // blocks but throwing instructions. Their inputs will be updated in step (4).
+    if (!successor->IsCatchBlock()) {
+      if (successor->predecessors_.size() == 1u) {
+        // The successor has just one predecessor left. Replace phis with the only
+        // remaining input.
+        for (HInstructionIterator phi_it(successor->GetPhis()); !phi_it.Done(); phi_it.Advance()) {
+          HPhi* phi = phi_it.Current()->AsPhi();
+          phi->ReplaceWith(phi->InputAt(1 - this_index));
+          successor->RemovePhi(phi);
+        }
+      } else {
+        for (HInstructionIterator phi_it(successor->GetPhis()); !phi_it.Done(); phi_it.Advance()) {
+          phi_it.Current()->AsPhi()->RemoveInputAt(this_index);
+        }
       }
     }
   }
   successors_.clear();
 
+  // (4) Remove instructions and phis. Instructions should have no remaining uses
+  //     except in catch phis. If an instruction is used by a catch phi at `index`,
+  //     remove `index`-th input of all phis in the catch block since they are
+  //     guaranteed dead. Note that we may miss dead inputs this way but the
+  //     graph will always remain consistent.
+  for (HBackwardInstructionIterator it(GetInstructions()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
+    HInstruction* insn = it.Current();
+    while (insn->HasUses()) {
+      DCHECK(IsTryBlock());
+      HUseListNode<HInstruction*>* use = insn->GetUses().GetFirst();
+      size_t use_index = use->GetIndex();
+      HBasicBlock* user_block =  use->GetUser()->GetBlock();
+      DCHECK(use->GetUser()->IsPhi() && user_block->IsCatchBlock());
+      for (HInstructionIterator phi_it(user_block->GetPhis()); !phi_it.Done(); phi_it.Advance()) {
+        phi_it.Current()->AsPhi()->RemoveInputAt(use_index);
+      }
+    }
+
+    RemoveInstruction(insn);
+  }
+  for (HInstructionIterator it(GetPhis()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
+    RemovePhi(it.Current()->AsPhi());
+  }
+
   // Disconnect from the dominator.
   dominator_->RemoveDominatedBlock(this);
   SetDominator(nullptr);
 
-  // Delete from the graph. The function safely deletes remaining instructions
-  // and updates the reverse post order.
-  graph_->DeleteDeadBlock(this);
+  // Delete from the graph, update reverse post order.
+  graph_->DeleteDeadEmptyBlock(this);
   SetGraph(nullptr);
 }
 
@@ -1507,7 +1585,7 @@
   other->predecessors_.clear();
 
   // Delete `other` from the graph. The function updates reverse post order.
-  graph_->DeleteDeadBlock(other);
+  graph_->DeleteDeadEmptyBlock(other);
   other->SetGraph(nullptr);
 }
 
@@ -1571,19 +1649,14 @@
   std::copy_backward(blocks->begin() + after + 1u, blocks->begin() + old_size, blocks->end());
 }
 
-void HGraph::DeleteDeadBlock(HBasicBlock* block) {
+void HGraph::DeleteDeadEmptyBlock(HBasicBlock* block) {
   DCHECK_EQ(block->GetGraph(), this);
   DCHECK(block->GetSuccessors().empty());
   DCHECK(block->GetPredecessors().empty());
   DCHECK(block->GetDominatedBlocks().empty());
   DCHECK(block->GetDominator() == nullptr);
-
-  for (HBackwardInstructionIterator it(block->GetInstructions()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
-    block->RemoveInstruction(it.Current());
-  }
-  for (HBackwardInstructionIterator it(block->GetPhis()); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
-    block->RemovePhi(it.Current()->AsPhi());
-  }
+  DCHECK(block->GetInstructions().IsEmpty());
+  DCHECK(block->GetPhis().IsEmpty());
 
   if (block->IsExitBlock()) {
     exit_block_ = nullptr;
@@ -1686,6 +1759,9 @@
     // (2) the reverse post order of that graph,
     // (3) the potential loop information they are now in,
     // (4) try block membership.
+    // Note that we do not need to update catch phi inputs because they
+    // correspond to the register file of the outer method which the inlinee
+    // cannot modify.
 
     // We don't add the entry block, the exit block, and the first block, which
     // has been merged with `at`.
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
index 4c4d0f2..2878ac9 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "mirror/class.h"
 #include "offsets.h"
 #include "primitive.h"
+#include "utils/array_ref.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
@@ -240,8 +241,9 @@
   // put deoptimization instructions, etc.
   void TransformLoopHeaderForBCE(HBasicBlock* header);
 
-  // Removes `block` from the graph.
-  void DeleteDeadBlock(HBasicBlock* block);
+  // Removes `block` from the graph. Assumes `block` has been disconnected from
+  // other blocks and has no instructions or phis.
+  void DeleteDeadEmptyBlock(HBasicBlock* block);
 
   // Splits the edge between `block` and `successor` while preserving the
   // indices in the predecessor/successor lists. If there are multiple edges
@@ -659,6 +661,9 @@
     return successors_;
   }
 
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> GetNormalSuccessors() const;
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> GetExceptionalSuccessors() const;
+
   bool HasSuccessor(const HBasicBlock* block, size_t start_from = 0u) {
     return ContainsElement(successors_, block, start_from);
   }
@@ -809,12 +814,6 @@
     return GetPredecessorIndexOf(predecessor) == idx;
   }
 
-  // Returns the number of non-exceptional successors. SsaChecker ensures that
-  // these are stored at the beginning of the successor list.
-  size_t NumberOfNormalSuccessors() const {
-    return EndsWithTryBoundary() ? 1 : GetSuccessors().size();
-  }
-
   // Create a new block between this block and its predecessors. The new block
   // is added to the graph, all predecessor edges are relinked to it and an edge
   // is created to `this`. Returns the new empty block. Reverse post order or
@@ -1732,6 +1731,13 @@
     return GetTypeHandle()->IsAssignableFrom(rti.GetTypeHandle().Get());
   }
 
+  bool IsStrictSupertypeOf(ReferenceTypeInfo rti) const SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
+    DCHECK(IsValid());
+    DCHECK(rti.IsValid());
+    return GetTypeHandle().Get() != rti.GetTypeHandle().Get() &&
+        GetTypeHandle()->IsAssignableFrom(rti.GetTypeHandle().Get());
+  }
+
   // Returns true if the type information provide the same amount of details.
   // Note that it does not mean that the instructions have the same actual type
   // (because the type can be the result of a merge).
@@ -2397,6 +2403,10 @@
   // Returns the block's non-exceptional successor (index zero).
   HBasicBlock* GetNormalFlowSuccessor() const { return GetBlock()->GetSuccessors()[0]; }
 
+  ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const> GetExceptionHandlers() const {
+    return ArrayRef<HBasicBlock* const>(GetBlock()->GetSuccessors()).SubArray(1u);
+  }
+
   // Returns whether `handler` is among its exception handlers (non-zero index
   // successors).
   bool HasExceptionHandler(const HBasicBlock& handler) const {
@@ -2424,25 +2434,6 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(HTryBoundary);
 };
 
-// Iterator over exception handlers of a given HTryBoundary, i.e. over
-// exceptional successors of its basic block.
-class HExceptionHandlerIterator : public ValueObject {
- public:
-  explicit HExceptionHandlerIterator(const HTryBoundary& try_boundary)
-    : block_(*try_boundary.GetBlock()), index_(block_.NumberOfNormalSuccessors()) {}
-
-  bool Done() const { return index_ == block_.GetSuccessors().size(); }
-  HBasicBlock* Current() const { return block_.GetSuccessors()[index_]; }
-  size_t CurrentSuccessorIndex() const { return index_; }
-  void Advance() { ++index_; }
-
- private:
-  const HBasicBlock& block_;
-  size_t index_;
-
-  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(HExceptionHandlerIterator);
-};
-
 // Deoptimize to interpreter, upon checking a condition.
 class HDeoptimize : public HTemplateInstruction<1> {
  public:
@@ -2611,6 +2602,11 @@
     VLOG(compiler) << DebugName() << " is not defined for the (long, int) case.";
     return nullptr;
   }
+  virtual HConstant* Evaluate(HNullConstant* x ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                              HNullConstant* y ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) const {
+    VLOG(compiler) << DebugName() << " is not defined for the (null, null) case.";
+    return nullptr;
+  }
 
   // Returns an input that can legally be used as the right input and is
   // constant, or null.
@@ -2701,6 +2697,10 @@
     return GetBlock()->GetGraph()->GetIntConstant(
         Compute(x->GetValue(), y->GetValue()), GetDexPc());
   }
+  HConstant* Evaluate(HNullConstant* x ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                      HNullConstant* y ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) const OVERRIDE {
+    return GetBlock()->GetGraph()->GetIntConstant(1);
+  }
 
   DECLARE_INSTRUCTION(Equal);
 
@@ -2733,6 +2733,10 @@
     return GetBlock()->GetGraph()->GetIntConstant(
         Compute(x->GetValue(), y->GetValue()), GetDexPc());
   }
+  HConstant* Evaluate(HNullConstant* x ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                      HNullConstant* y ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) const OVERRIDE {
+    return GetBlock()->GetGraph()->GetIntConstant(0);
+  }
 
   DECLARE_INSTRUCTION(NotEqual);
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
index 6e85a82..2be0680 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/optimizing_compiler.cc
@@ -405,20 +405,9 @@
   if (!should_inline) {
     return;
   }
-
-  ArenaAllocator* arena = graph->GetArena();
-  HInliner* inliner = new (arena) HInliner(
+  HInliner* inliner = new (graph->GetArena()) HInliner(
     graph, codegen, dex_compilation_unit, dex_compilation_unit, driver, handles, stats);
-  ReferenceTypePropagation* type_propagation =
-    new (arena) ReferenceTypePropagation(graph, handles,
-        "reference_type_propagation_after_inlining");
-
-  HOptimization* optimizations[] = {
-    inliner,
-    // Run another type propagation phase: inlining will open up more opportunities
-    // to remove checkcast/instanceof and null checks.
-    type_propagation,
-  };
+  HOptimization* optimizations[] = { inliner };
 
   RunOptimizations(optimizations, arraysize(optimizations), pass_observer);
 }
@@ -530,6 +519,7 @@
   //       pipeline for all methods.
   if (graph->HasTryCatch()) {
     HOptimization* optimizations2[] = {
+      boolean_simplify,
       side_effects,
       gvn,
       dce2,
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.cc b/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.cc
index 659da06..ecc085b 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.cc
@@ -99,17 +99,9 @@
   }
 }
 
-void ReferenceTypePropagation::Run() {
-  // To properly propagate type info we need to visit in the dominator-based order.
-  // Reverse post order guarantees a node's dominators are visited first.
-  // We take advantage of this order in `VisitBasicBlock`.
-  for (HReversePostOrderIterator it(*graph_); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
-    VisitBasicBlock(it.Current());
-  }
-  ProcessWorklist();
-
+void ReferenceTypePropagation::ValidateTypes() {
+  // TODO: move this to the graph checker.
   if (kIsDebugBuild) {
-    // TODO: move this to the graph checker.
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
     for (HReversePostOrderIterator it(*graph_); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
       HBasicBlock* block = it.Current();
@@ -135,6 +127,18 @@
   }
 }
 
+void ReferenceTypePropagation::Run() {
+  // To properly propagate type info we need to visit in the dominator-based order.
+  // Reverse post order guarantees a node's dominators are visited first.
+  // We take advantage of this order in `VisitBasicBlock`.
+  for (HReversePostOrderIterator it(*graph_); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
+    VisitBasicBlock(it.Current());
+  }
+
+  ProcessWorklist();
+  ValidateTypes();
+}
+
 void ReferenceTypePropagation::VisitBasicBlock(HBasicBlock* block) {
   RTPVisitor visitor(graph_,
                      handles_,
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.h b/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.h
index 5493601..5c05592 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/reference_type_propagation.h
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@
   ReferenceTypeInfo MergeTypes(const ReferenceTypeInfo& a, const ReferenceTypeInfo& b)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  void ValidateTypes();
+
   StackHandleScopeCollection* handles_;
 
   ArenaVector<HInstruction*> worklist_;
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc b/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
index ef22c81..d399bc2 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
@@ -1525,7 +1525,7 @@
   DCHECK(IsValidDestination(destination)) << destination;
   if (source.Equals(destination)) return;
 
-  DCHECK_EQ(block->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(), 1u);
+  DCHECK_EQ(block->GetNormalSuccessors().size(), 1u);
   HInstruction* last = block->GetLastInstruction();
   // We insert moves at exit for phi predecessors and connecting blocks.
   // A block ending with an if or a packed switch cannot branch to a block
@@ -1752,7 +1752,7 @@
 
   // If `from` has only one successor, we can put the moves at the exit of it. Otherwise
   // we need to put the moves at the entry of `to`.
-  if (from->NumberOfNormalSuccessors() == 1) {
+  if (from->GetNormalSuccessors().size() == 1) {
     InsertParallelMoveAtExitOf(from,
                                interval->GetParent()->GetDefinedBy(),
                                source->ToLocation(),
@@ -1894,7 +1894,7 @@
         HInstruction* phi = inst_it.Current();
         for (size_t i = 0, e = current->GetPredecessors().size(); i < e; ++i) {
           HBasicBlock* predecessor = current->GetPredecessors()[i];
-          DCHECK_EQ(predecessor->NumberOfNormalSuccessors(), 1u);
+          DCHECK_EQ(predecessor->GetNormalSuccessors().size(), 1u);
           HInstruction* input = phi->InputAt(i);
           Location source = input->GetLiveInterval()->GetLocationAt(
               predecessor->GetLifetimeEnd() - 1);
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_builder.cc b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_builder.cc
index 4565590..5190eb3 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_builder.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_builder.cc
@@ -660,8 +660,7 @@
   if (instruction->CanThrowIntoCatchBlock()) {
     const HTryBoundary& try_entry =
         instruction->GetBlock()->GetTryCatchInformation()->GetTryEntry();
-    for (HExceptionHandlerIterator it(try_entry); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
-      HBasicBlock* catch_block = it.Current();
+    for (HBasicBlock* catch_block : try_entry.GetExceptionHandlers()) {
       ArenaVector<HInstruction*>* handler_locals = GetLocalsFor(catch_block);
       DCHECK_EQ(handler_locals->size(), current_locals_->size());
       for (size_t vreg = 0, e = current_locals_->size(); vreg < e; ++vreg) {
diff --git a/dex2oat/dex2oat.cc b/dex2oat/dex2oat.cc
index 92ed58c..68cf6d9 100644
--- a/dex2oat/dex2oat.cc
+++ b/dex2oat/dex2oat.cc
@@ -1357,7 +1357,7 @@
       int32_t image_patch_delta = 0;
 
       if (app_image_ && image_base_ == 0) {
-        gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+        gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
         image_base_ = RoundUp(
             reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(image_space->GetImageHeader().GetOatFileEnd()),
             kPageSize);
@@ -1370,7 +1370,7 @@
 
       if (!IsBootImage()) {
         TimingLogger::ScopedTiming t3("Loading image checksum", timings_);
-        gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+        gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
         image_file_location_oat_checksum = image_space->GetImageHeader().GetOatChecksum();
         image_file_location_oat_data_begin =
             reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(image_space->GetImageHeader().GetOatDataBegin());
diff --git a/imgdiag/imgdiag.cc b/imgdiag/imgdiag.cc
index 304d4e5..5e71053 100644
--- a/imgdiag/imgdiag.cc
+++ b/imgdiag/imgdiag.cc
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@
 
   static const ImageHeader& GetBootImageHeader() {
     gc::Heap* heap = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap();
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
     CHECK(image_space != nullptr);
     const ImageHeader& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
     return image_header;
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@
                      std::ostream* os, pid_t image_diff_pid) {
   ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
   gc::Heap* heap = runtime->GetHeap();
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
   CHECK(image_space != nullptr);
   const ImageHeader& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
   if (!image_header.IsValid()) {
diff --git a/imgdiag/imgdiag_test.cc b/imgdiag/imgdiag_test.cc
index 82bc8b9..0d6a8c9 100644
--- a/imgdiag/imgdiag_test.cc
+++ b/imgdiag/imgdiag_test.cc
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     CommonRuntimeTest::SetUp();
 
     // We loaded the runtime with an explicit image. Therefore the image space must exist.
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     ASSERT_TRUE(image_space != nullptr);
     boot_image_location_ = image_space->GetImageLocation();
   }
diff --git a/oatdump/oatdump.cc b/oatdump/oatdump.cc
index a163380..5a060af 100644
--- a/oatdump/oatdump.cc
+++ b/oatdump/oatdump.cc
@@ -2374,7 +2374,7 @@
 
   ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
   gc::Heap* heap = runtime->GetHeap();
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
   CHECK(image_space != nullptr);
   const ImageHeader& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
   if (!image_header.IsValid()) {
diff --git a/patchoat/patchoat.cc b/patchoat/patchoat.cc
index 88622cc..c587f68 100644
--- a/patchoat/patchoat.cc
+++ b/patchoat/patchoat.cc
@@ -177,18 +177,21 @@
   t.NewTiming("Image and oat Patching setup");
   // Create the map where we will write the image patches to.
   std::string error_msg;
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image(MemMap::MapFile(image_len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE,
-                                                input_image->Fd(), 0,
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image(MemMap::MapFile(image_len,
+                                                PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                                MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                                input_image->Fd(),
+                                                0,
+                                                /*low_4gb*/false,
                                                 input_image->GetPath().c_str(),
                                                 &error_msg));
   if (image.get() == nullptr) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "unable to map image file " << input_image->GetPath() << " : " << error_msg;
     return false;
   }
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* ispc = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* ispc = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
 
-  PatchOat p(isa, image.release(), ispc->GetLiveBitmap(), ispc->GetMemMap(),
-             delta, timings);
+  PatchOat p(isa, image.release(), ispc->GetLiveBitmap(), ispc->GetMemMap(), delta, timings);
   t.NewTiming("Patching files");
   if (!p.PatchImage()) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to patch image file " << input_image->GetPath();
@@ -273,15 +276,19 @@
   t.NewTiming("Image and oat Patching setup");
   // Create the map where we will write the image patches to.
   std::string error_msg;
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image(MemMap::MapFile(image_len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE,
-                                                input_image->Fd(), 0,
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image(MemMap::MapFile(image_len,
+                                                PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                                MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                                input_image->Fd(),
+                                                0,
+                                                /*low_4gb*/false,
                                                 input_image->GetPath().c_str(),
                                                 &error_msg));
   if (image.get() == nullptr) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "unable to map image file " << input_image->GetPath() << " : " << error_msg;
     return false;
   }
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* ispc = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* ispc = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
 
   std::unique_ptr<ElfFile> elf(ElfFile::Open(input_oat,
                                              PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, &error_msg));
diff --git a/runtime/arch/x86_64/quick_entrypoints_x86_64.S b/runtime/arch/x86_64/quick_entrypoints_x86_64.S
index 95f0ccb..5fd8969 100644
--- a/runtime/arch/x86_64/quick_entrypoints_x86_64.S
+++ b/runtime/arch/x86_64/quick_entrypoints_x86_64.S
@@ -809,7 +809,90 @@
 
 // Generate the allocation entrypoints for each allocator.
 GENERATE_ALLOC_ENTRYPOINTS_FOR_EACH_ALLOCATOR
-GENERATE_ALLOC_ENTRYPOINTS_ALLOC_OBJECT(_rosalloc, RosAlloc)
+// A hand-written override for GENERATE_ALLOC_ENTRYPOINTS_ALLOC_OBJECT(_rosalloc, RosAlloc).
+DEFINE_FUNCTION art_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc
+    // Fast path rosalloc allocation.
+    // RDI: type_idx, RSI: ArtMethod*, RAX: return value
+    // RDX, RCX, R8, R9: free.
+    movq   ART_METHOD_DEX_CACHE_TYPES_OFFSET_64(%rsi), %rdx   // Load dex cache resolved types array
+                                                              // Load the class (edx)
+    movl   0(%rdx, %rdi, COMPRESSED_REFERENCE_SIZE), %edx
+    testl  %edx, %edx                                         // Check null class
+    jz     .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+                                                              // Check class status.
+    cmpl   LITERAL(MIRROR_CLASS_STATUS_INITIALIZED), MIRROR_CLASS_STATUS_OFFSET(%rdx)
+    jne    .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+                                                              // We don't need a fence (between the
+                                                              // the status and the access flag
+                                                              // loads) here because every load is
+                                                              // a load acquire on x86.
+                                                              // Check access flags has
+                                                              // kAccClassIsFinalizable
+    testl  LITERAL(ACCESS_FLAGS_CLASS_IS_FINALIZABLE), MIRROR_CLASS_ACCESS_FLAGS_OFFSET(%rdx)
+    jnz    .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+                                                              // Check if the thread local
+                                                              // allocation stack has room.
+    movq   %gs:THREAD_SELF_OFFSET, %r8                        // r8 = thread
+    movq   THREAD_LOCAL_ALLOC_STACK_TOP_OFFSET(%r8), %rcx     // rcx = alloc stack top.
+    cmpq   THREAD_LOCAL_ALLOC_STACK_END_OFFSET(%r8), %rcx
+    jae    .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+                                                              // Load the object size
+    movl   MIRROR_CLASS_OBJECT_SIZE_OFFSET(%rdx), %eax
+                                                              // Check if the size is for a thread
+                                                              // local allocation
+    cmpl   LITERAL(ROSALLOC_MAX_THREAD_LOCAL_BRACKET_SIZE), %eax
+    ja     .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+                                                              // Compute the rosalloc bracket index
+                                                              // from the size.
+                                                              // Align up the size by the rosalloc
+                                                              // bracket quantum size and divide
+                                                              // by the quantum size and subtract
+                                                              // by 1. This code is a shorter but
+                                                              // equivalent version.
+    subq   LITERAL(1), %rax
+    shrq   LITERAL(ROSALLOC_BRACKET_QUANTUM_SIZE_SHIFT), %rax
+                                                              // Load the rosalloc run (r9)
+    movq   THREAD_ROSALLOC_RUNS_OFFSET(%r8, %rax, __SIZEOF_POINTER__), %r9
+                                                              // Load the free list head (rax). This
+                                                              // will be the return val.
+    movq   (ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_OFFSET + ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_HEAD_OFFSET)(%r9), %rax
+    testq  %rax, %rax
+    jz     .Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path
+    // "Point of no slow path". Won't go to the slow path from here on. OK to clobber rdi and rsi.
+                                                              // Push the new object onto the thread
+                                                              // local allocation stack and
+                                                              // increment the thread local
+                                                              // allocation stack top.
+    movl   %eax, (%rcx)
+    addq   LITERAL(COMPRESSED_REFERENCE_SIZE), %rcx
+    movq   %rcx, THREAD_LOCAL_ALLOC_STACK_TOP_OFFSET(%r8)
+                                                              // Load the next pointer of the head
+                                                              // and update the list head with the
+                                                              // next pointer.
+    movq   ROSALLOC_SLOT_NEXT_OFFSET(%rax), %rcx
+    movq   %rcx, (ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_OFFSET + ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_HEAD_OFFSET)(%r9)
+                                                              // Store the class pointer in the
+                                                              // header. This also overwrites the
+                                                              // next pointer. The offsets are
+                                                              // asserted to match.
+#if ROSALLOC_SLOT_NEXT_OFFSET != MIRROR_OBJECT_CLASS_OFFSET
+#error "Class pointer needs to overwrite next pointer."
+#endif
+    POISON_HEAP_REF edx
+    movl   %edx, MIRROR_OBJECT_CLASS_OFFSET(%rax)
+                                                              // Decrement the size of the free list
+    decl   (ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_OFFSET + ROSALLOC_RUN_FREE_LIST_SIZE_OFFSET)(%r9)
+                                                              // No fence necessary for x86.
+    ret
+.Lart_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc_slow_path:
+    SETUP_REFS_ONLY_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME                         // save ref containing registers for GC
+    // Outgoing argument set up
+    movq %gs:THREAD_SELF_OFFSET, %rdx                         // pass Thread::Current()
+    call SYMBOL(artAllocObjectFromCodeRosAlloc)               // cxx_name(arg0, arg1, Thread*)
+    RESTORE_REFS_ONLY_CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME                       // restore frame up to return address
+    RETURN_IF_RESULT_IS_NON_ZERO_OR_DELIVER                   // return or deliver exception
+END_FUNCTION art_quick_alloc_object_rosalloc
+
 // A handle-written override for GENERATE_ALLOC_ENTRYPOINTS_ALLOC_OBJECT(_tlab, TLAB).
 DEFINE_FUNCTION art_quick_alloc_object_tlab
     // Fast path tlab allocation.
diff --git a/runtime/art_method.cc b/runtime/art_method.cc
index dbb546d..f7ed812 100644
--- a/runtime/art_method.cc
+++ b/runtime/art_method.cc
@@ -67,6 +67,18 @@
                                                              dex_cache);
 }
 
+void ArtMethod::ThrowInvocationTimeError() {
+  DCHECK(!IsInvokable());
+  // NOTE: IsDefaultConflicting must be first since the actual method might or might not be abstract
+  //       due to the way we select it.
+  if (IsDefaultConflicting()) {
+    ThrowIncompatibleClassChangeErrorForMethodConflict(this);
+  } else {
+    DCHECK(IsAbstract());
+    ThrowAbstractMethodError(this);
+  }
+}
+
 InvokeType ArtMethod::GetInvokeType() {
   // TODO: kSuper?
   if (GetDeclaringClass()->IsInterface()) {
@@ -330,6 +342,10 @@
   RegisterNative(GetJniDlsymLookupStub(), false);
 }
 
+bool ArtMethod::IsOverridableByDefaultMethod() {
+  return GetDeclaringClass()->IsInterface();
+}
+
 bool ArtMethod::EqualParameters(Handle<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> params) {
   auto* dex_cache = GetDexCache();
   auto* dex_file = dex_cache->GetDexFile();
diff --git a/runtime/art_method.h b/runtime/art_method.h
index 201b3e6..5a2d6c3 100644
--- a/runtime/art_method.h
+++ b/runtime/art_method.h
@@ -136,6 +136,19 @@
     return (GetAccessFlags() & kAccMiranda) != 0;
   }
 
+  // Returns true if invoking this method will not throw an AbstractMethodError or
+  // IncompatibleClassChangeError.
+  bool IsInvokable() {
+    return !IsAbstract() && !IsDefaultConflicting();
+  }
+
+  // A default conflict method is a special sentinel method that stands for a conflict between
+  // multiple default methods. It cannot be invoked, throwing an IncompatibleClassChangeError if one
+  // attempts to do so.
+  bool IsDefaultConflicting() {
+    return (GetAccessFlags() & kAccDefaultConflict) != 0u;
+  }
+
   // This is set by the class linker.
   bool IsDefault() {
     return (GetAccessFlags() & kAccDefault) != 0;
@@ -170,12 +183,14 @@
   }
 
   // Returns true if this method could be overridden by a default method.
-  bool IsOverridableByDefaultMethod() {
-    return IsDefault() || IsAbstract();
-  }
+  bool IsOverridableByDefaultMethod() SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   bool CheckIncompatibleClassChange(InvokeType type) SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  // Throws the error that would result from trying to invoke this method (i.e.
+  // IncompatibleClassChangeError or AbstractMethodError). Only call if !IsInvokable();
+  void ThrowInvocationTimeError() SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
   uint16_t GetMethodIndex() SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Doesn't do erroneous / unresolved class checks.
diff --git a/runtime/base/arena_allocator.cc b/runtime/base/arena_allocator.cc
index 71afa0f..771b2d0 100644
--- a/runtime/base/arena_allocator.cc
+++ b/runtime/base/arena_allocator.cc
@@ -316,22 +316,22 @@
 }
 
 void* ArenaAllocator::AllocWithMemoryTool(size_t bytes, ArenaAllocKind kind) {
+  // We mark all memory for a newly retrieved arena as inaccessible and then
+  // mark only the actually allocated memory as defined. That leaves red zones
+  // and padding between allocations marked as inaccessible.
   size_t rounded_bytes = RoundUp(bytes + kMemoryToolRedZoneBytes, 8);
   if (UNLIKELY(ptr_ + rounded_bytes > end_)) {
     // Obtain a new block.
     ObtainNewArenaForAllocation(rounded_bytes);
     CHECK(ptr_ != nullptr);
-    MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_UNDEFINED(ptr_, end_ - ptr_);
+    MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_NOACCESS(ptr_, end_ - ptr_);
   }
   ArenaAllocatorStats::RecordAlloc(rounded_bytes, kind);
   uint8_t* ret = ptr_;
   ptr_ += rounded_bytes;
-  // Check that the memory is already zeroed out.
-  for (uint8_t* ptr = ret; ptr < ptr_; ++ptr) {
-    CHECK_EQ(*ptr, 0U);
-  }
   MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_DEFINED(ret, bytes);
-  MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_NOACCESS(ret + bytes, rounded_bytes - bytes);
+  // Check that the memory is already zeroed out.
+  DCHECK(std::all_of(ret, ret + bytes, [](uint8_t val) { return val == 0u; }));
   return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/base/arena_allocator.h b/runtime/base/arena_allocator.h
index ace6c38..36334c4 100644
--- a/runtime/base/arena_allocator.h
+++ b/runtime/base/arena_allocator.h
@@ -288,6 +288,11 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArenaPool);
 };
 
+// Fast single-threaded allocator for zero-initialized memory chunks.
+//
+// Memory is allocated from ArenaPool in large chunks and then rationed through
+// the ArenaAllocator. It's returned to the ArenaPool only when the ArenaAllocator
+// is destroyed.
 class ArenaAllocator
     : private DebugStackRefCounter, private ArenaAllocatorStats, private ArenaAllocatorMemoryTool {
  public:
diff --git a/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.cc b/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.cc
index 31f96e4..90c6ee3 100644
--- a/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.cc
+++ b/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.cc
@@ -91,16 +91,19 @@
 }
 
 void* ArenaStack::AllocWithMemoryTool(size_t bytes, ArenaAllocKind kind) {
+  // We mark all memory for a newly retrieved arena as inaccessible and then
+  // mark only the actually allocated memory as defined. That leaves red zones
+  // and padding between allocations marked as inaccessible.
   size_t rounded_bytes = RoundUp(bytes + kMemoryToolRedZoneBytes, 8);
   uint8_t* ptr = top_ptr_;
   if (UNLIKELY(static_cast<size_t>(top_end_ - ptr) < rounded_bytes)) {
     ptr = AllocateFromNextArena(rounded_bytes);
     CHECK(ptr != nullptr) << "Failed to allocate memory";
+    MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_NOACCESS(ptr, top_end_);
   }
   CurrentStats()->RecordAlloc(bytes, kind);
   top_ptr_ = ptr + rounded_bytes;
   MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_UNDEFINED(ptr, bytes);
-  MEMORY_TOOL_MAKE_NOACCESS(ptr + bytes, rounded_bytes - bytes);
   return ptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.h b/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.h
index a30c73d..a87153b 100644
--- a/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.h
+++ b/runtime/base/scoped_arena_allocator.h
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 static constexpr size_t kArenaAlignment = 8;
 
 // Holds a list of Arenas for use by ScopedArenaAllocator stack.
+// The memory is returned to the ArenaPool when the ArenaStack is destroyed.
 class ArenaStack : private DebugStackRefCounter, private ArenaAllocatorMemoryTool {
  public:
   explicit ArenaStack(ArenaPool* arena_pool);
@@ -121,6 +122,12 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArenaStack);
 };
 
+// Fast single-threaded allocator. Allocated chunks are _not_ guaranteed to be zero-initialized.
+//
+// Unlike the ArenaAllocator, ScopedArenaAllocator is intended for relatively short-lived
+// objects and allows nesting multiple allocators. Only the top allocator can be used but
+// once it's destroyed, its memory can be reused by the next ScopedArenaAllocator on the
+// stack. This is facilitated by returning the memory to the ArenaStack.
 class ScopedArenaAllocator
     : private DebugStackReference, private DebugStackRefCounter, private ArenaAllocatorStats {
  public:
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker.cc b/runtime/class_linker.cc
index 5dac95d..f649972 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker.cc
+++ b/runtime/class_linker.cc
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
 ClassLinker::ClassLinker(InternTable* intern_table)
     // dex_lock_ is recursive as it may be used in stack dumping.
     : dex_lock_("ClassLinker dex lock", kDefaultMutexLevel),
-      dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_(false),
+      dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_(false),
       failed_dex_cache_class_lookups_(0),
       class_roots_(nullptr),
       array_iftable_(nullptr),
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@
       CHECK_EQ(field.GetDeclaringClass(), klass);
     }
     auto* runtime = Runtime::Current();
-    auto* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    auto* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     auto pointer_size = runtime->GetClassLinker()->GetImagePointerSize();
     for (auto& m : klass->GetDirectMethods(pointer_size)) {
       SanityCheckArtMethod(&m, klass, image_space);
@@ -855,10 +855,10 @@
   Runtime* const runtime = Runtime::Current();
   Thread* const self = Thread::Current();
   gc::Heap* const heap = runtime->GetHeap();
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* const space = heap->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* const space = heap->GetBootImageSpace();
   CHECK(space != nullptr);
   image_pointer_size_ = space->GetImageHeader().GetPointerSize();
-  dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_ = true;
+  dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_ = true;
   const OatFile* oat_file = runtime->GetOatFileManager().RegisterImageOatFile(space);
   DCHECK(oat_file != nullptr);
   CHECK_EQ(oat_file->GetOatHeader().GetImageFileLocationOatChecksum(), 0U);
@@ -1086,8 +1086,8 @@
 }
 
 void ClassLinker::VisitClasses(ClassVisitor* visitor) {
-  if (dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
-    MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+  if (dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+    AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
   }
   Thread* const self = Thread::Current();
   ReaderMutexLock mu(self, *Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
@@ -1858,7 +1858,7 @@
 
 // Special case to get oat code without overwriting a trampoline.
 const void* ClassLinker::GetQuickOatCodeFor(ArtMethod* method) {
-  CHECK(!method->IsAbstract()) << PrettyMethod(method);
+  CHECK(method->IsInvokable()) << PrettyMethod(method);
   if (method->IsProxyMethod()) {
     return GetQuickProxyInvokeHandler();
   }
@@ -1878,7 +1878,7 @@
 }
 
 const void* ClassLinker::GetOatMethodQuickCodeFor(ArtMethod* method) {
-  if (method->IsNative() || method->IsAbstract() || method->IsProxyMethod()) {
+  if (method->IsNative() || !method->IsInvokable() || method->IsProxyMethod()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   bool found;
@@ -1973,6 +1973,13 @@
   // Ignore virtual methods on the iterator.
 }
 
+void ClassLinker::EnsureThrowsInvocationError(ArtMethod* method) {
+  DCHECK(method != nullptr);
+  DCHECK(!method->IsInvokable());
+  method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCodePtrSize(quick_to_interpreter_bridge_trampoline_,
+                                                    image_pointer_size_);
+}
+
 void ClassLinker::LinkCode(ArtMethod* method, const OatFile::OatClass* oat_class,
                            uint32_t class_def_method_index) {
   Runtime* const runtime = Runtime::Current();
@@ -1992,8 +1999,8 @@
   // Install entry point from interpreter.
   bool enter_interpreter = NeedsInterpreter(method, method->GetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode());
 
-  if (method->IsAbstract()) {
-    method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(GetQuickToInterpreterBridge());
+  if (!method->IsInvokable()) {
+    EnsureThrowsInvocationError(method);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -2636,11 +2643,13 @@
   if (existing != nullptr) {
     return existing;
   }
-  if (kIsDebugBuild && !klass->IsTemp() && class_loader == nullptr &&
-      dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+  if (kIsDebugBuild &&
+      !klass->IsTemp() &&
+      class_loader == nullptr &&
+      dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
     // Check a class loaded with the system class loader matches one in the image if the class
     // is in the image.
-    existing = LookupClassFromImage(descriptor);
+    existing = LookupClassFromBootImage(descriptor);
     if (existing != nullptr) {
       CHECK_EQ(klass, existing);
     }
@@ -2684,11 +2693,11 @@
       }
     }
   }
-  if (class_loader != nullptr || !dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+  if (class_loader != nullptr || !dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   // Lookup failed but need to search dex_caches_.
-  mirror::Class* result = LookupClassFromImage(descriptor);
+  mirror::Class* result = LookupClassFromBootImage(descriptor);
   if (result != nullptr) {
     result = InsertClass(descriptor, result, hash);
   } else {
@@ -2697,37 +2706,43 @@
     // classes into the class table.
     constexpr uint32_t kMaxFailedDexCacheLookups = 1000;
     if (++failed_dex_cache_class_lookups_ > kMaxFailedDexCacheLookups) {
-      MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+      AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
     }
   }
   return result;
 }
 
-static mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* GetImageDexCaches()
+static mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* GetImageDexCaches(gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space)
     SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
-  CHECK(image != nullptr);
-  mirror::Object* root = image->GetImageHeader().GetImageRoot(ImageHeader::kDexCaches);
+  CHECK(image_space != nullptr);
+  mirror::Object* root = image_space->GetImageHeader().GetImageRoot(ImageHeader::kDexCaches);
+  DCHECK(root != nullptr);
   return root->AsObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>();
 }
 
-void ClassLinker::MoveImageClassesToClassTable() {
+void ClassLinker::AddBootImageClassesToClassTable() {
+  if (dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+    AddImageClassesToClassTable(Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace(),
+                                /*class_loader*/nullptr);
+    dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_ = false;
+  }
+}
+
+void ClassLinker::AddImageClassesToClassTable(gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space,
+                                              mirror::ClassLoader* class_loader) {
   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   WriterMutexLock mu(self, *Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
-  if (!dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
-    return;  // All dex cache classes are already in the class table.
-  }
   ScopedAssertNoThreadSuspension ants(self, "Moving image classes to class table");
-  mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* dex_caches = GetImageDexCaches();
+  mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* dex_caches = GetImageDexCaches(image_space);
   std::string temp;
-  ClassTable* const class_table = InsertClassTableForClassLoader(nullptr);
+  ClassTable* const class_table = InsertClassTableForClassLoader(class_loader);
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < dex_caches->GetLength(); i++) {
     mirror::DexCache* dex_cache = dex_caches->Get(i);
     GcRoot<mirror::Class>* types = dex_cache->GetResolvedTypes();
     for (int32_t j = 0, num_types = dex_cache->NumResolvedTypes(); j < num_types; j++) {
       mirror::Class* klass = types[j].Read();
       if (klass != nullptr) {
-        DCHECK(klass->GetClassLoader() == nullptr);
+        DCHECK_EQ(klass->GetClassLoader(), class_loader);
         const char* descriptor = klass->GetDescriptor(&temp);
         size_t hash = ComputeModifiedUtf8Hash(descriptor);
         mirror::Class* existing = class_table->Lookup(descriptor, hash);
@@ -2743,7 +2758,6 @@
       }
     }
   }
-  dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_ = false;
 }
 
 class MoveClassTableToPreZygoteVisitor : public ClassLoaderVisitor {
@@ -2767,9 +2781,10 @@
   VisitClassLoaders(&visitor);
 }
 
-mirror::Class* ClassLinker::LookupClassFromImage(const char* descriptor) {
+mirror::Class* ClassLinker::LookupClassFromBootImage(const char* descriptor) {
   ScopedAssertNoThreadSuspension ants(Thread::Current(), "Image class lookup");
-  mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* dex_caches = GetImageDexCaches();
+  mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::DexCache>* dex_caches = GetImageDexCaches(
+      Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace());
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < dex_caches->GetLength(); ++i) {
     mirror::DexCache* dex_cache = dex_caches->Get(i);
     const DexFile* dex_file = dex_cache->GetDexFile();
@@ -2811,8 +2826,8 @@
 
 void ClassLinker::LookupClasses(const char* descriptor, std::vector<mirror::Class*>& result) {
   result.clear();
-  if (dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
-    MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+  if (dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+    AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
   }
   Thread* const self = Thread::Current();
   ReaderMutexLock mu(self, *Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
@@ -2825,6 +2840,48 @@
   VisitClassLoaders(&visitor);
 }
 
+bool ClassLinker::AttemptSupertypeVerification(Thread* self,
+                                               Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+                                               Handle<mirror::Class> supertype) {
+  DCHECK(self != nullptr);
+  DCHECK(klass.Get() != nullptr);
+  DCHECK(supertype.Get() != nullptr);
+
+  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
+  // Acquire lock to prevent races on verifying the super class.
+  ObjectLock<mirror::Class> super_lock(self, supertype);
+
+  if (!supertype->IsVerified() && !supertype->IsErroneous()) {
+    VerifyClass(self, supertype);
+  }
+  if (supertype->IsCompileTimeVerified()) {
+    // Either we are verified or we soft failed and need to retry at runtime.
+    return true;
+  }
+  // If we got this far then we have a hard failure.
+  std::string error_msg =
+      StringPrintf("Rejecting class %s that attempts to sub-type erroneous class %s",
+                   PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get()).c_str(),
+                   PrettyDescriptor(supertype.Get()).c_str());
+  LOG(WARNING) << error_msg  << " in " << klass->GetDexCache()->GetLocation()->ToModifiedUtf8();
+  Handle<mirror::Throwable> cause(hs.NewHandle(self->GetException()));
+  if (cause.Get() != nullptr) {
+    // Set during VerifyClass call (if at all).
+    self->ClearException();
+  }
+  // Change into a verify error.
+  ThrowVerifyError(klass.Get(), "%s", error_msg.c_str());
+  if (cause.Get() != nullptr) {
+    self->GetException()->SetCause(cause.Get());
+  }
+  ClassReference ref(klass->GetDexCache()->GetDexFile(), klass->GetDexClassDefIndex());
+  if (Runtime::Current()->IsAotCompiler()) {
+    Runtime::Current()->GetCompilerCallbacks()->ClassRejected(ref);
+  }
+  mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusError, self);
+  return false;
+}
+
 void ClassLinker::VerifyClass(Thread* self, Handle<mirror::Class> klass) {
   // TODO: assert that the monitor on the Class is held
   ObjectLock<mirror::Class> lock(self, klass);
@@ -2875,56 +2932,70 @@
 
   // Verify super class.
   StackHandleScope<2> hs(self);
-  Handle<mirror::Class> super(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetSuperClass()));
-  if (super.Get() != nullptr) {
-    // Acquire lock to prevent races on verifying the super class.
-    ObjectLock<mirror::Class> super_lock(self, super);
+  MutableHandle<mirror::Class> supertype(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetSuperClass()));
+  // If we have a superclass and we get a hard verification failure we can return immediately.
+  if (supertype.Get() != nullptr && !AttemptSupertypeVerification(self, klass, supertype)) {
+    CHECK(self->IsExceptionPending()) << "Verification error should be pending.";
+    return;
+  }
 
-    if (!super->IsVerified() && !super->IsErroneous()) {
-      VerifyClass(self, super);
-    }
-    if (!super->IsCompileTimeVerified()) {
-      std::string error_msg(
-          StringPrintf("Rejecting class %s that attempts to sub-class erroneous class %s",
-                       PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get()).c_str(),
-                       PrettyDescriptor(super.Get()).c_str()));
-      LOG(WARNING) << error_msg  << " in " << klass->GetDexCache()->GetLocation()->ToModifiedUtf8();
-      Handle<mirror::Throwable> cause(hs.NewHandle(self->GetException()));
-      if (cause.Get() != nullptr) {
-        self->ClearException();
+  // Verify all default super-interfaces.
+  //
+  // (1) Don't bother if the superclass has already had a soft verification failure.
+  //
+  // (2) Interfaces shouldn't bother to do this recursive verification because they cannot cause
+  //     recursive initialization by themselves. This is because when an interface is initialized
+  //     directly it must not initialize its superinterfaces. We are allowed to verify regardless
+  //     but choose not to for an optimization. If the interfaces is being verified due to a class
+  //     initialization (which would need all the default interfaces to be verified) the class code
+  //     will trigger the recursive verification anyway.
+  if ((supertype.Get() == nullptr || supertype->IsVerified())  // See (1)
+      && !klass->IsInterface()) {                              // See (2)
+    int32_t iftable_count = klass->GetIfTableCount();
+    MutableHandle<mirror::Class> iface(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(nullptr));
+    // Loop through all interfaces this class has defined. It doesn't matter the order.
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < iftable_count; i++) {
+      iface.Assign(klass->GetIfTable()->GetInterface(i));
+      DCHECK(iface.Get() != nullptr);
+      // We only care if we have default interfaces and can skip if we are already verified...
+      if (LIKELY(!iface->HasDefaultMethods() || iface->IsVerified())) {
+        continue;
+      } else if (UNLIKELY(!AttemptSupertypeVerification(self, klass, iface))) {
+        // We had a hard failure while verifying this interface. Just return immediately.
+        CHECK(self->IsExceptionPending()) << "Verification error should be pending.";
+        return;
+      } else if (UNLIKELY(!iface->IsVerified())) {
+        // We softly failed to verify the iface. Stop checking and clean up.
+        // Put the iface into the supertype handle so we know what caused us to fail.
+        supertype.Assign(iface.Get());
+        break;
       }
-      ThrowVerifyError(klass.Get(), "%s", error_msg.c_str());
-      if (cause.Get() != nullptr) {
-        self->GetException()->SetCause(cause.Get());
-      }
-      ClassReference ref(klass->GetDexCache()->GetDexFile(), klass->GetDexClassDefIndex());
-      if (Runtime::Current()->IsAotCompiler()) {
-        Runtime::Current()->GetCompilerCallbacks()->ClassRejected(ref);
-      }
-      mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusError, self);
-      return;
     }
   }
 
+  // At this point if verification failed, then supertype is the "first" supertype that failed
+  // verification (without a specific order). If verification succeeded, then supertype is either
+  // null or the original superclass of klass and is verified.
+  DCHECK(supertype.Get() == nullptr ||
+         supertype.Get() == klass->GetSuperClass() ||
+         !supertype->IsVerified());
+
   // Try to use verification information from the oat file, otherwise do runtime verification.
   const DexFile& dex_file = *klass->GetDexCache()->GetDexFile();
   mirror::Class::Status oat_file_class_status(mirror::Class::kStatusNotReady);
   bool preverified = VerifyClassUsingOatFile(dex_file, klass.Get(), oat_file_class_status);
-  if (oat_file_class_status == mirror::Class::kStatusError) {
-    VLOG(class_linker) << "Skipping runtime verification of erroneous class "
-        << PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get()) << " in "
-        << klass->GetDexCache()->GetLocation()->ToModifiedUtf8();
-    ThrowVerifyError(klass.Get(), "Rejecting class %s because it failed compile-time verification",
-                     PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get()).c_str());
-    mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusError, self);
-    return;
-  }
+  // If the oat file says the class had an error, re-run the verifier. That way we will get a
+  // precise error message. To ensure a rerun, test:
+  //     oat_file_class_status == mirror::Class::kStatusError => !preverified
+  DCHECK(!(oat_file_class_status == mirror::Class::kStatusError) || !preverified);
+
   verifier::MethodVerifier::FailureKind verifier_failure = verifier::MethodVerifier::kNoFailure;
   std::string error_msg;
   if (!preverified) {
     verifier_failure = verifier::MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(self,
                                                              klass.Get(),
                                                              Runtime::Current()->IsAotCompiler(),
+                                                             Runtime::Current()->IsAotCompiler(),
                                                              &error_msg);
   }
   if (preverified || verifier_failure != verifier::MethodVerifier::kHardFailure) {
@@ -2937,14 +3008,14 @@
     // Make sure all classes referenced by catch blocks are resolved.
     ResolveClassExceptionHandlerTypes(dex_file, klass);
     if (verifier_failure == verifier::MethodVerifier::kNoFailure) {
-      // Even though there were no verifier failures we need to respect whether the super-class
-      // was verified or requiring runtime reverification.
-      if (super.Get() == nullptr || super->IsVerified()) {
+      // Even though there were no verifier failures we need to respect whether the super-class and
+      // super-default-interfaces were verified or requiring runtime reverification.
+      if (supertype.Get() == nullptr || supertype->IsVerified()) {
         mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusVerified, self);
       } else {
-        CHECK_EQ(super->GetStatus(), mirror::Class::kStatusRetryVerificationAtRuntime);
+        CHECK_EQ(supertype->GetStatus(), mirror::Class::kStatusRetryVerificationAtRuntime);
         mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusRetryVerificationAtRuntime, self);
-        // Pretend a soft failure occured so that we don't consider the class verified below.
+        // Pretend a soft failure occurred so that we don't consider the class verified below.
         verifier_failure = verifier::MethodVerifier::kSoftFailure;
       }
     } else {
@@ -2962,9 +3033,9 @@
       }
     }
   } else {
-    LOG(WARNING) << "Verification failed on class " << PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get())
-        << " in " << klass->GetDexCache()->GetLocation()->ToModifiedUtf8()
-        << " because: " << error_msg;
+    VLOG(verifier) << "Verification failed on class " << PrettyDescriptor(klass.Get())
+                  << " in " << klass->GetDexCache()->GetLocation()->ToModifiedUtf8()
+                  << " because: " << error_msg;
     self->AssertNoPendingException();
     ThrowVerifyError(klass.Get(), "%s", error_msg.c_str());
     mirror::Class::SetStatus(klass, mirror::Class::kStatusError, self);
@@ -3348,7 +3419,7 @@
   // Basic sanity
   CHECK(!prototype->IsFinal());
   CHECK(method->IsFinal());
-  CHECK(!method->IsAbstract());
+  CHECK(method->IsInvokable());
 
   // The proxy method doesn't have its own dex cache or dex file and so it steals those of its
   // interface prototype. The exception to this are Constructors and the Class of the Proxy itself.
@@ -4079,10 +4150,10 @@
         Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->WriteBarrierEveryFieldOf(class_loader);
       }
       CHECK_EQ(existing, klass.Get());
-      if (kIsDebugBuild && class_loader == nullptr && dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+      if (kIsDebugBuild && class_loader == nullptr && dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
         // Check a class loaded with the system class loader matches one in the image if the class
         // is in the image.
-        mirror::Class* const image_class = LookupClassFromImage(descriptor);
+        mirror::Class* const image_class = LookupClassFromBootImage(descriptor);
         if (image_class != nullptr) {
           CHECK_EQ(klass.Get(), existing) << descriptor;
         }
@@ -4424,7 +4495,7 @@
   // A map from vtable indexes to the method they need to be updated to point to. Used because we
   // need to have default methods be in the virtuals array of each class but we don't set that up
   // until LinkInterfaceMethods.
-  std::unordered_map<size_t, ArtMethod*> default_translations;
+  std::unordered_map<size_t, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation> default_translations;
   // Link virtual methods then interface methods.
   // We set up the interface lookup table first because we need it to determine if we need to update
   // any vtable entries with new default method implementations.
@@ -4557,7 +4628,7 @@
 bool ClassLinker::LinkVirtualMethods(
     Thread* self,
     Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-    /*out*/std::unordered_map<size_t, ArtMethod*>* default_translations) {
+    /*out*/std::unordered_map<size_t, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation>* default_translations) {
   const size_t num_virtual_methods = klass->NumVirtualMethods();
   if (klass->IsInterface()) {
     // No vtable.
@@ -4680,46 +4751,55 @@
                        << " would have incorrectly overridden the package-private method in "
                        << PrettyDescriptor(super_method->GetDeclaringClassDescriptor());
         }
-      } else if (super_method->IsDefault()) {
+      } else if (super_method->IsOverridableByDefaultMethod()) {
         // We didn't directly override this method but we might through default methods...
         // Check for default method update.
         ArtMethod* default_method = nullptr;
-        std::string icce_message;
-        if (!FindDefaultMethodImplementation(self,
-                                             super_method,
-                                             klass,
-                                             /*out*/&default_method,
-                                             /*out*/&icce_message)) {
-          // An error occurred while finding default methods.
-          // TODO This should actually be thrown when we attempt to invoke this method.
-          ThrowIncompatibleClassChangeError(klass.Get(), "%s", icce_message.c_str());
-          return false;
-        }
-        // This should always work because we inherit superclass interfaces. We should either get
-        //  1) An IncompatibleClassChangeError because of conflicting default method
-        //     implementations.
-        //  2) The same default method implementation as the superclass.
-        //  3) A default method that overrides the superclass's.
-        // Therefore this check should never fail.
-        CHECK(default_method != nullptr);
-        if (UNLIKELY(default_method->GetDeclaringClass() != super_method->GetDeclaringClass())) {
-          // TODO Refactor this add default methods to virtuals here and not in
-          //      LinkInterfaceMethods maybe.
-          //      The problem is default methods might override previously present default-method or
-          //      miranda-method vtable entries from the superclass. Unfortunately we need these to
-          //      be entries in this class's virtuals. We do not give these entries there until
-          //      LinkInterfaceMethods so we pass this map around to let it know which vtable
-          //      entries need to be updated.
-          // Make a note that vtable entry j must be updated, store what it needs to be updated to.
-          // We will allocate a virtual method slot in LinkInterfaceMethods and fix it up then.
-          default_translations->insert({j, default_method});
-          VLOG(class_linker) << "Method " << PrettyMethod(super_method) << " overridden by default "
-                             << PrettyMethod(default_method) << " in " << PrettyClass(klass.Get());
-        } else {
-          // They are the same method/no override
-          // Cannot do direct comparison because we had to copy the ArtMethod object into the
-          // superclass's vtable.
-          continue;
+        switch (FindDefaultMethodImplementation(self,
+                                                super_method,
+                                                klass,
+                                                /*out*/&default_method)) {
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultConflict: {
+            // A conflict was found looking for default methods. Note this (assuming it wasn't
+            // pre-existing) in the translations map.
+            if (UNLIKELY(!super_method->IsDefaultConflicting())) {
+              // Don't generate another conflict method to reduce memory use as an optimization.
+              default_translations->insert(
+                  {j, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation::CreateConflictingMethod()});
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kAbstractFound: {
+            // No conflict but method is abstract.
+            // We note that this vtable entry must be made abstract.
+            if (UNLIKELY(!super_method->IsAbstract())) {
+              default_translations->insert(
+                  {j, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation::CreateAbstractMethod()});
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultFound: {
+            if (UNLIKELY(super_method->IsDefaultConflicting() ||
+                        default_method->GetDeclaringClass() != super_method->GetDeclaringClass())) {
+              // Found a default method implementation that is new.
+              // TODO Refactor this add default methods to virtuals here and not in
+              //      LinkInterfaceMethods maybe.
+              //      The problem is default methods might override previously present
+              //      default-method or miranda-method vtable entries from the superclass.
+              //      Unfortunately we need these to be entries in this class's virtuals. We do not
+              //      give these entries there until LinkInterfaceMethods so we pass this map around
+              //      to let it know which vtable entries need to be updated.
+              // Make a note that vtable entry j must be updated, store what it needs to be updated
+              // to. We will allocate a virtual method slot in LinkInterfaceMethods and fix it up
+              // then.
+              default_translations->insert(
+                  {j, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation::CreateTranslatedMethod(default_method)});
+              VLOG(class_linker) << "Method " << PrettyMethod(super_method)
+                                 << " overridden by default " << PrettyMethod(default_method)
+                                 << " in " << PrettyClass(klass.Get());
+            }
+            break;
+          }
         }
       }
     }
@@ -4772,23 +4852,75 @@
   return true;
 }
 
+// Determine if the given iface has any subinterface in the given list that declares the method
+// specified by 'target'.
+//
+// Arguments
+// - self:    The thread we are running on
+// - target:  A comparator that will match any method that overrides the method we are checking for
+// - iftable: The iftable we are searching for an overriding method on.
+// - ifstart: The index of the interface we are checking to see if anything overrides
+// - iface:   The interface we are checking to see if anything overrides.
+// - image_pointer_size:
+//            The image pointer size.
+//
+// Returns
+// - True:  There is some method that matches the target comparator defined in an interface that
+//          is a subtype of iface.
+// - False: There is no method that matches the target comparator in any interface that is a subtype
+//          of iface.
+static bool ContainsOverridingMethodOf(Thread* self,
+                                       MethodNameAndSignatureComparator& target,
+                                       Handle<mirror::IfTable> iftable,
+                                       size_t ifstart,
+                                       Handle<mirror::Class> iface,
+                                       size_t image_pointer_size)
+    SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
+  DCHECK(self != nullptr);
+  DCHECK(iface.Get() != nullptr);
+  DCHECK(iftable.Get() != nullptr);
+  DCHECK_GE(ifstart, 0u);
+  DCHECK_LT(ifstart, iftable->Count());
+  DCHECK_EQ(iface.Get(), iftable->GetInterface(ifstart));
+  DCHECK(iface->IsInterface());
+
+  size_t iftable_count = iftable->Count();
+  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
+  MutableHandle<mirror::Class> current_iface(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(nullptr));
+  for (size_t k = ifstart + 1; k < iftable_count; k++) {
+    // Skip ifstart since our current interface obviously cannot override itself.
+    current_iface.Assign(iftable->GetInterface(k));
+    size_t num_instance_methods = current_iface->NumVirtualMethods();
+    // Iterate through every method on this interface. The order does not matter so we go forwards.
+    for (size_t m = 0; m < num_instance_methods; m++) {
+      ArtMethod* current_method = current_iface->GetVirtualMethodUnchecked(m, image_pointer_size);
+      if (UNLIKELY(target.HasSameNameAndSignature(
+                      current_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(image_pointer_size)))) {
+        // Check if the i'th interface is a subtype of this one.
+        if (iface->IsAssignableFrom(current_iface.Get())) {
+          return true;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Find the default method implementation for 'interface_method' in 'klass'. Stores it into
-// out_default_method and returns true on success. If no default method was found stores nullptr
-// into out_default_method and returns true. If an error occurs (such as a default_method conflict)
-// it will fill the icce_message with an appropriate message for an IncompatibleClassChangeError,
-// which should then be thrown by the caller.
-bool ClassLinker::FindDefaultMethodImplementation(Thread* self,
-                                                  ArtMethod* target_method,
-                                                  Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-                                                  /*out*/ArtMethod** out_default_method,
-                                                  /*out*/std::string* icce_message) const {
+// out_default_method and returns kDefaultFound on success. If no default method was found return
+// kAbstractFound and store nullptr into out_default_method. If an error occurs (such as a
+// default_method conflict) it will return kDefaultConflict.
+ClassLinker::DefaultMethodSearchResult ClassLinker::FindDefaultMethodImplementation(
+    Thread* self,
+    ArtMethod* target_method,
+    Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+    /*out*/ArtMethod** out_default_method) const {
   DCHECK(self != nullptr);
   DCHECK(target_method != nullptr);
   DCHECK(out_default_method != nullptr);
-  DCHECK(icce_message != nullptr);
 
   *out_default_method = nullptr;
-  mirror::Class* chosen_iface = nullptr;
 
   // We organize the interface table so that, for interface I any subinterfaces J follow it in the
   // table. This lets us walk the table backwards when searching for default methods.  The first one
@@ -4799,19 +4931,23 @@
   // The order of unrelated interfaces does not matter and is not defined.
   size_t iftable_count = klass->GetIfTableCount();
   if (iftable_count == 0) {
-    // No interfaces. We have already reset out to null so just return true.
-    return true;
+    // No interfaces. We have already reset out to null so just return kAbstractFound.
+    return DefaultMethodSearchResult::kAbstractFound;
   }
 
-  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
+  StackHandleScope<3> hs(self);
+  MutableHandle<mirror::Class> chosen_iface(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(nullptr));
   MutableHandle<mirror::IfTable> iftable(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetIfTable()));
+  MutableHandle<mirror::Class> iface(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(nullptr));
   MethodNameAndSignatureComparator target_name_comparator(
       target_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(image_pointer_size_));
   // Iterates over the klass's iftable in reverse
-  // We have a break at the end because size_t is unsigned.
-  for (size_t k = iftable_count - 1; /* break if k == 0 at end */; --k) {
+  for (size_t k = iftable_count; k != 0; ) {
+    --k;
+
     DCHECK_LT(k, iftable->Count());
-    mirror::Class* iface = iftable->GetInterface(k);
+
+    iface.Assign(iftable->GetInterface(k));
     size_t num_instance_methods = iface->NumVirtualMethods();
     // Iterate through every method on this interface. The order does not matter so we go forwards.
     for (size_t m = 0; m < num_instance_methods; m++) {
@@ -4824,31 +4960,60 @@
       }
       // The verifier should have caught the non-public method.
       DCHECK(current_method->IsPublic()) << "Interface method is not public!";
-      if (UNLIKELY(chosen_iface != nullptr)) {
-        // We have multiple default impls of the same method. We need to check they do not
-        // conflict and throw an error if they do. Conflicting means that the current iface is not
-        // masked by the chosen interface.
-        if (!iface->IsAssignableFrom(chosen_iface)) {
-          *icce_message = StringPrintf("Conflicting default method implementations: '%s' and '%s'",
-                                       PrettyMethod(current_method).c_str(),
-                                       PrettyMethod(*out_default_method).c_str());
-          return false;
+      if (UNLIKELY(chosen_iface.Get() != nullptr)) {
+        // We have multiple default impls of the same method. This is a potential default conflict.
+        // We need to check if this possibly conflicting method is either a superclass of the chosen
+        // default implementation or is overridden by a non-default interface method. In either case
+        // there is no conflict.
+        if (!iface->IsAssignableFrom(chosen_iface.Get()) &&
+            !ContainsOverridingMethodOf(self,
+                                        target_name_comparator,
+                                        iftable,
+                                        k,
+                                        iface,
+                                        image_pointer_size_)) {
+          LOG(WARNING) << "Conflicting default method implementations found: "
+                       << PrettyMethod(current_method) << " and "
+                       << PrettyMethod(*out_default_method) << " in class "
+                       << PrettyClass(klass.Get()) << " conflict.";
+          *out_default_method = nullptr;
+          return DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultConflict;
         } else {
           break;  // Continue checking at the next interface.
         }
       } else {
-        *out_default_method = current_method;
-        chosen_iface = iface;
-        // We should now finish traversing the graph to find if we have default methods that
-        // conflict.
-        break;
+        // chosen_iface == null
+        if (!ContainsOverridingMethodOf(self,
+                                        target_name_comparator,
+                                        iftable,
+                                        k,
+                                        iface,
+                                        image_pointer_size_)) {
+          // Don't set this as the chosen interface if something else is overriding it (because that
+          // other interface would be potentially chosen instead if it was default). If the other
+          // interface was abstract then we wouldn't select this interface as chosen anyway since
+          // the abstract method masks it.
+          *out_default_method = current_method;
+          chosen_iface.Assign(iface.Get());
+          // We should now finish traversing the graph to find if we have default methods that
+          // conflict.
+        } else {
+          VLOG(class_linker) << "A default method '" << PrettyMethod(current_method) << "' was "
+                            << "skipped because it was overridden by an abstract method in a "
+                            << "subinterface on class '" << PrettyClass(klass.Get()) << "'";
+        }
       }
-    }
-    if (k == 0) {
       break;
     }
   }
-  return true;
+  if (*out_default_method != nullptr) {
+    VLOG(class_linker) << "Default method '" << PrettyMethod(*out_default_method) << "' selected "
+                       << "as the implementation for '" << PrettyMethod(target_method) << "' "
+                       << "in '" << PrettyClass(klass.Get()) << "'";
+    return DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultFound;
+  } else {
+    return DefaultMethodSearchResult::kAbstractFound;
+  }
 }
 
 // Sets imt_ref appropriately for LinkInterfaceMethods.
@@ -4856,7 +5021,7 @@
 // Otherwise it will set the conflict method which will figure out which method to use during
 // runtime.
 static void SetIMTRef(ArtMethod* unimplemented_method,
-                      ArtMethod* conflict_method,
+                      ArtMethod* imt_conflict_method,
                       size_t image_pointer_size,
                       ArtMethod* current_method,
                       /*out*/ArtMethod** imt_ref)
@@ -4864,7 +5029,7 @@
   // Place method in imt if entry is empty, place conflict otherwise.
   if (*imt_ref == unimplemented_method) {
     *imt_ref = current_method;
-  } else if (*imt_ref != conflict_method) {
+  } else if (*imt_ref != imt_conflict_method) {
     // If we are not a conflict and we have the same signature and name as the imt
     // entry, it must be that we overwrote a superclass vtable entry.
     MethodNameAndSignatureComparator imt_comparator(
@@ -4873,7 +5038,7 @@
           current_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(image_pointer_size))) {
       *imt_ref = current_method;
     } else {
-      *imt_ref = conflict_method;
+      *imt_ref = imt_conflict_method;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -5080,10 +5245,23 @@
   return true;
 }
 
+// Finds the method with a name/signature that matches cmp in the given list of methods. The list of
+// methods must be unique.
+static ArtMethod* FindSameNameAndSignature(MethodNameAndSignatureComparator& cmp,
+                                           const ScopedArenaVector<ArtMethod*>& list)
+    SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
+  for (ArtMethod* method : list) {
+    if (cmp.HasSameNameAndSignature(method)) {
+      return method;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 bool ClassLinker::LinkInterfaceMethods(
     Thread* self,
     Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-    const std::unordered_map<size_t, ArtMethod*>& default_translations,
+    const std::unordered_map<size_t, ClassLinker::MethodTranslation>& default_translations,
     ArtMethod** out_imt) {
   StackHandleScope<3> hs(self);
   Runtime* const runtime = Runtime::Current();
@@ -5106,12 +5284,14 @@
   // Use the linear alloc pool since this one is in the low 4gb for the compiler.
   ArenaStack stack(runtime->GetLinearAlloc()->GetArenaPool());
   ScopedArenaAllocator allocator(&stack);
+
+  ScopedArenaVector<ArtMethod*> default_conflict_methods(allocator.Adapter());
   ScopedArenaVector<ArtMethod*> miranda_methods(allocator.Adapter());
   ScopedArenaVector<ArtMethod*> default_methods(allocator.Adapter());
 
   MutableHandle<mirror::PointerArray> vtable(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetVTableDuringLinking()));
   ArtMethod* const unimplemented_method = runtime->GetImtUnimplementedMethod();
-  ArtMethod* const conflict_method = runtime->GetImtConflictMethod();
+  ArtMethod* const imt_conflict_method = runtime->GetImtConflictMethod();
   // Copy the IMT from the super class if possible.
   bool extend_super_iftable = false;
   if (has_superclass) {
@@ -5147,8 +5327,8 @@
           auto** imt_ref = &out_imt[imt_index];
           if (*imt_ref == unimplemented_method) {
             *imt_ref = method;
-          } else if (*imt_ref != conflict_method) {
-            *imt_ref = conflict_method;
+          } else if (*imt_ref != imt_conflict_method) {
+            *imt_ref = imt_conflict_method;
           }
         }
       }
@@ -5183,7 +5363,16 @@
 
   auto* old_cause = self->StartAssertNoThreadSuspension(
       "Copying ArtMethods for LinkInterfaceMethods");
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < ifcount; ++i) {
+  // Going in reverse to ensure that we will hit abstract methods that override defaults before the
+  // defaults. This means we don't need to do any trickery when creating the Miranda methods, since
+  // they will already be null. This has the additional benefit that the declarer of a miranda
+  // method will actually declare an abstract method.
+  for (size_t i = ifcount; i != 0; ) {
+    --i;
+
+    DCHECK_GE(i, 0u);
+    DCHECK_LT(i, ifcount);
+
     size_t num_methods = iftable->GetInterface(i)->NumVirtualMethods();
     if (num_methods > 0) {
       StackHandleScope<2> hs2(self);
@@ -5194,6 +5383,11 @@
       LengthPrefixedArray<ArtMethod>* input_virtual_methods = nullptr;
       Handle<mirror::PointerArray> input_vtable_array = NullHandle<mirror::PointerArray>();
       int32_t input_array_length = 0;
+      // TODO Cleanup Needed: In the presence of default methods this optimization is rather dirty
+      //      and confusing. Default methods should always look through all the superclasses
+      //      because they are the last choice of an implementation. We get around this by looking
+      //      at the super-classes iftable methods (copied into method_array previously) when we are
+      //      looking for the implementation of a super-interface method but that is rather dirty.
       if (super_interface) {
         // We are overwriting a super class interface, try to only virtual methods instead of the
         // whole vtable.
@@ -5223,8 +5417,7 @@
         //
         // To find defaults we need to do the same but also go over interfaces.
         bool found_impl = false;
-        ArtMethod* default_impl = nullptr;
-        bool found_default_impl = false;
+        ArtMethod* vtable_impl = nullptr;
         for (int32_t k = input_array_length - 1; k >= 0; --k) {
           ArtMethod* vtable_method = input_virtual_methods != nullptr ?
               &input_virtual_methods->At(k, method_size, method_alignment) :
@@ -5241,77 +5434,138 @@
                   "Method '%s' implementing interface method '%s' is not public",
                   PrettyMethod(vtable_method).c_str(), PrettyMethod(interface_method).c_str());
               return false;
-            } else if (vtable_method->IsDefault()) {
+            } else if (UNLIKELY(vtable_method->IsOverridableByDefaultMethod())) {
               // We might have a newer, better, default method for this, so we just skip it. If we
               // are still using this we will select it again when scanning for default methods. To
               // obviate the need to copy the method again we will make a note that we already found
               // a default here.
               // TODO This should be much cleaner.
-              found_default_impl = true;
-              default_impl = vtable_method;
+              vtable_impl = vtable_method;
               break;
             } else {
               found_impl = true;
-            }
-            method_array->SetElementPtrSize(j, vtable_method, image_pointer_size_);
-            // Place method in imt if entry is empty, place conflict otherwise.
-            SetIMTRef(unimplemented_method,
-                      conflict_method,
-                      image_pointer_size_,
-                      vtable_method,
-                      /*out*/imt_ptr);
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        // We should only search for default implementations when the class does not implement the
-        // method directly and either (1) the interface is newly implemented on this class and not
-        // on any of its superclasses, (2) the superclass's implementation is a default method, or
-        // (3) the superclass does not have an implementation.
-        if (!found_impl && (!super_interface ||
-                            method_array->GetElementPtrSize<ArtMethod*>(j, image_pointer_size_)
-                                ->IsOverridableByDefaultMethod())) {
-          ArtMethod* current_method = nullptr;
-          std::string icce_message;
-          if (!FindDefaultMethodImplementation(self,
-                                               interface_method,
-                                               klass,
-                                               /*out*/&current_method,
-                                               /*out*/&icce_message)) {
-            // There was a conflict with default method implementations.
-            self->EndAssertNoThreadSuspension(old_cause);
-            // TODO This should actually be thrown when we attempt to invoke this method.
-            ThrowIncompatibleClassChangeError(klass.Get(), "%s", icce_message.c_str());
-            return false;
-          } else if (current_method != nullptr) {
-            if (found_default_impl &&
-                current_method->GetDeclaringClass() == default_impl->GetDeclaringClass()) {
-              // We found a default method but it was the same one we already have from our
-              // superclass. Don't bother adding it to our vtable again.
-              current_method = default_impl;
-            } else {
-              // We found a default method implementation and there were no conflicts.
-              // Save the default method. We need to add it to the vtable.
-              default_methods.push_back(current_method);
-            }
-            method_array->SetElementPtrSize(j, current_method, image_pointer_size_);
-            SetIMTRef(unimplemented_method,
-                      conflict_method,
-                      image_pointer_size_,
-                      current_method,
-                      /*out*/imt_ptr);
-            found_impl = true;
-          }
-        }
-        if (!found_impl && !super_interface) {
-          // It is defined in this class or any of its subclasses.
-          ArtMethod* miranda_method = nullptr;
-          for (auto& mir_method : miranda_methods) {
-            if (interface_name_comparator.HasSameNameAndSignature(mir_method)) {
-              miranda_method = mir_method;
+              method_array->SetElementPtrSize(j, vtable_method, image_pointer_size_);
+              // Place method in imt if entry is empty, place conflict otherwise.
+              SetIMTRef(unimplemented_method,
+                        imt_conflict_method,
+                        image_pointer_size_,
+                        vtable_method,
+                        /*out*/imt_ptr);
               break;
             }
           }
+        }
+        // Continue on to the next method if we are done.
+        if (LIKELY(found_impl)) {
+          continue;
+        } else if (LIKELY(super_interface)) {
+          // Don't look for a default implementation when the super-method is implemented directly
+          // by the class.
+          //
+          // See if we can use the superclasses method and skip searching everything else.
+          // Note: !found_impl && super_interface
+          CHECK(extend_super_iftable);
+          // If this is a super_interface method it is possible we shouldn't override it because a
+          // superclass could have implemented it directly.  We get the method the superclass used
+          // to implement this to know if we can override it with a default method. Doing this is
+          // safe since we know that the super_iftable is filled in so we can simply pull it from
+          // there. We don't bother if this is not a super-classes interface since in that case we
+          // have scanned the entire vtable anyway and would have found it.
+          // TODO This is rather dirty but it is faster than searching through the entire vtable
+          //      every time.
+          ArtMethod* supers_method =
+              method_array->GetElementPtrSize<ArtMethod*>(j, image_pointer_size_);
+          DCHECK(supers_method != nullptr);
+          DCHECK(interface_name_comparator.HasSameNameAndSignature(supers_method));
+          if (!supers_method->IsOverridableByDefaultMethod()) {
+            // The method is not overridable by a default method (i.e. it is directly implemented
+            // in some class). Therefore move onto the next interface method.
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        // If we haven't found it yet we should search through the interfaces for default methods.
+        ArtMethod* current_method = nullptr;
+        switch (FindDefaultMethodImplementation(self,
+                                                interface_method,
+                                                klass,
+                                                /*out*/&current_method)) {
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultConflict: {
+            // Default method conflict.
+            DCHECK(current_method == nullptr);
+            ArtMethod* default_conflict_method = nullptr;
+            if (vtable_impl != nullptr && vtable_impl->IsDefaultConflicting()) {
+              // We can reuse the method from the superclass, don't bother adding it to virtuals.
+              default_conflict_method = vtable_impl;
+            } else {
+              // See if we already have a conflict method for this method.
+              ArtMethod* preexisting_conflict = FindSameNameAndSignature(interface_name_comparator,
+                                                                          default_conflict_methods);
+              if (LIKELY(preexisting_conflict != nullptr)) {
+                // We already have another conflict we can reuse.
+                default_conflict_method = preexisting_conflict;
+              } else {
+                // Create a new conflict method for this to use.
+                default_conflict_method =
+                    reinterpret_cast<ArtMethod*>(allocator.Alloc(method_size));
+                new(default_conflict_method) ArtMethod(interface_method, image_pointer_size_);
+                default_conflict_methods.push_back(default_conflict_method);
+              }
+            }
+            current_method = default_conflict_method;
+            break;
+          }
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kDefaultFound: {
+            DCHECK(current_method != nullptr);
+            // Found a default method.
+            if (vtable_impl != nullptr &&
+                current_method->GetDeclaringClass() == vtable_impl->GetDeclaringClass()) {
+              // We found a default method but it was the same one we already have from our
+              // superclass. Don't bother adding it to our vtable again.
+              current_method = vtable_impl;
+            } else {
+              // Only record this default method if it is new to save space.
+              ArtMethod* old = FindSameNameAndSignature(interface_name_comparator, default_methods);
+              if (old == nullptr) {
+                // We found a default method implementation and there were no conflicts.
+                // Save the default method. We need to add it to the vtable.
+                default_methods.push_back(current_method);
+              } else {
+                CHECK(old == current_method) << "Multiple default implementations selected!";
+              }
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+          case DefaultMethodSearchResult::kAbstractFound: {
+            DCHECK(current_method == nullptr);
+            // Abstract method masks all defaults.
+            if (vtable_impl != nullptr &&
+                vtable_impl->IsAbstract() &&
+                !vtable_impl->IsDefaultConflicting()) {
+              // We need to make this an abstract method but the version in the vtable already is so
+              // don't do anything.
+              current_method = vtable_impl;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (current_method != nullptr) {
+          // We found a default method implementation. Record it in the iftable and IMT.
+          method_array->SetElementPtrSize(j, current_method, image_pointer_size_);
+          SetIMTRef(unimplemented_method,
+                    imt_conflict_method,
+                    image_pointer_size_,
+                    current_method,
+                    /*out*/imt_ptr);
+        } else if (!super_interface) {
+          // We could not find an implementation for this method and since it is a brand new
+          // interface we searched the entire vtable (and all default methods) for an implementation
+          // but couldn't find one. We therefore need to make a miranda method.
+          //
+          // Find out if there is already a miranda method we can use.
+          ArtMethod* miranda_method = FindSameNameAndSignature(interface_name_comparator,
+                                                               miranda_methods);
           if (miranda_method == nullptr) {
+            DCHECK(interface_method->IsAbstract()) << PrettyMethod(interface_method);
             miranda_method = reinterpret_cast<ArtMethod*>(allocator.Alloc(method_size));
             CHECK(miranda_method != nullptr);
             // Point the interface table at a phantom slot.
@@ -5323,10 +5577,15 @@
       }
     }
   }
-  if (!miranda_methods.empty() || !default_methods.empty()) {
+  if (!miranda_methods.empty() || !default_methods.empty() || !default_conflict_methods.empty()) {
+    VLOG(class_linker) << PrettyClass(klass.Get()) << ": miranda_methods=" << miranda_methods.size()
+                       << " default_methods=" << default_methods.size()
+                       << " default_conflict_methods=" << default_conflict_methods.size();
     const size_t old_method_count = klass->NumVirtualMethods();
-    const size_t new_method_count =
-        old_method_count + miranda_methods.size() + default_methods.size();
+    const size_t new_method_count = old_method_count +
+                                    miranda_methods.size() +
+                                    default_methods.size() +
+                                    default_conflict_methods.size();
     // Attempt to realloc to save RAM if possible.
     LengthPrefixedArray<ArtMethod>* old_virtuals = klass->GetVirtualMethodsPtr();
     // The Realloced virtual methods aren't visiblef from the class roots, so there is no issue
@@ -5384,15 +5643,32 @@
     for (ArtMethod* def_method : default_methods) {
       ArtMethod& new_method = *out;
       new_method.CopyFrom(def_method, image_pointer_size_);
-      new_method.SetAccessFlags(new_method.GetAccessFlags() | kAccDefault);
       // Clear the preverified flag if it is present. Since this class hasn't been verified yet it
       // shouldn't have methods that are preverified.
       // TODO This is rather arbitrary. We should maybe support classes where only some of its
       // methods are preverified.
-      new_method.SetAccessFlags(new_method.GetAccessFlags() & ~kAccPreverified);
+      new_method.SetAccessFlags((new_method.GetAccessFlags() | kAccDefault) & ~kAccPreverified);
       move_table.emplace(def_method, &new_method);
       ++out;
     }
+    for (ArtMethod* conf_method : default_conflict_methods) {
+      ArtMethod& new_method = *out;
+      new_method.CopyFrom(conf_method, image_pointer_size_);
+      // This is a type of default method (there are default method impls, just a conflict) so mark
+      // this as a default, non-abstract method, since thats what it is. Also clear the preverified
+      // bit since this class hasn't been verified yet it shouldn't have methods that are
+      // preverified.
+      constexpr uint32_t kSetFlags = kAccDefault | kAccDefaultConflict;
+      constexpr uint32_t kMaskFlags = ~(kAccAbstract | kAccPreverified);
+      new_method.SetAccessFlags((new_method.GetAccessFlags() | kSetFlags) & kMaskFlags);
+      DCHECK(new_method.IsDefaultConflicting());
+      // The actual method might or might not be marked abstract since we just copied it from a
+      // (possibly default) interface method. We need to set it entry point to be the bridge so that
+      // the compiler will not invoke the implementation of whatever method we copied from.
+      EnsureThrowsInvocationError(&new_method);
+      move_table.emplace(conf_method, &new_method);
+      ++out;
+    }
     virtuals->SetSize(new_method_count);
     UpdateClassVirtualMethods(klass.Get(), virtuals);
     // Done copying methods, they are all roots in the class now, so we can end the no thread
@@ -5400,8 +5676,10 @@
     self->EndAssertNoThreadSuspension(old_cause);
 
     const size_t old_vtable_count = vtable->GetLength();
-    const size_t new_vtable_count =
-        old_vtable_count + miranda_methods.size() + default_methods.size();
+    const size_t new_vtable_count = old_vtable_count +
+                                    miranda_methods.size() +
+                                    default_methods.size() +
+                                    default_conflict_methods.size();
     miranda_methods.clear();
     vtable.Assign(down_cast<mirror::PointerArray*>(vtable->CopyOf(self, new_vtable_count)));
     if (UNLIKELY(vtable.Get() == nullptr)) {
@@ -5426,9 +5704,27 @@
       auto translation_it = default_translations.find(i);
       bool found_translation = false;
       if (translation_it != default_translations.end()) {
-        size_t vtable_index;
-        std::tie(vtable_index, translated_method) = *translation_it;
-        DCHECK_EQ(vtable_index, i);
+        if (translation_it->second.IsInConflict()) {
+          // Find which conflict method we are to use for this method.
+          MethodNameAndSignatureComparator old_method_comparator(
+              translated_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(image_pointer_size_));
+          ArtMethod* new_conflict_method = FindSameNameAndSignature(old_method_comparator,
+                                                                    default_conflict_methods);
+          CHECK(new_conflict_method != nullptr) << "Expected a conflict method!";
+          translated_method = new_conflict_method;
+        } else if (translation_it->second.IsAbstract()) {
+          // Find which miranda method we are to use for this method.
+          MethodNameAndSignatureComparator old_method_comparator(
+              translated_method->GetInterfaceMethodIfProxy(image_pointer_size_));
+          ArtMethod* miranda_method = FindSameNameAndSignature(old_method_comparator,
+                                                               miranda_methods);
+          DCHECK(miranda_method != nullptr);
+          translated_method = miranda_method;
+        } else {
+          // Normal default method (changed from an older default or abstract interface method).
+          DCHECK(translation_it->second.IsTranslation());
+          translated_method = translation_it->second.GetTranslation();
+        }
         found_translation = true;
       }
       DCHECK(translated_method != nullptr);
@@ -6135,8 +6431,8 @@
 
 void ClassLinker::DumpForSigQuit(std::ostream& os) {
   ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
-  if (dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
-    MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+  if (dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+    AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
   }
   ReaderMutexLock mu(soa.Self(), *Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
   os << "Zygote loaded classes=" << NumZygoteClasses() << " post zygote classes="
@@ -6173,8 +6469,8 @@
 }
 
 size_t ClassLinker::NumLoadedClasses() {
-  if (dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_) {
-    MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+  if (dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_) {
+    AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
   }
   ReaderMutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
   // Only return non zygote classes since these are the ones which apps which care about.
diff --git a/runtime/class_linker.h b/runtime/class_linker.h
index a35ba3e..21f9e7b 100644
--- a/runtime/class_linker.h
+++ b/runtime/class_linker.h
@@ -487,10 +487,17 @@
     return class_roots;
   }
 
-  // Move all of the image classes into the class table for faster lookups.
-  void MoveImageClassesToClassTable()
+  // Move all of the boot image classes into the class table for faster lookups.
+  void AddBootImageClassesToClassTable()
       REQUIRES(!Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
+  // Add image classes to the class table.
+  void AddImageClassesToClassTable(gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space,
+                                   mirror::ClassLoader* class_loader)
+      REQUIRES(!Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
   // Move the class table to the pre-zygote table to reduce memory usage. This works by ensuring
   // that no more classes are ever added to the pre zygote table which makes it that the pages
   // always remain shared dirty instead of private dirty.
@@ -551,6 +558,15 @@
     LinearAlloc* allocator;
   };
 
+  // Ensures that the supertype of 'klass' ('supertype') is verified. Returns false and throws
+  // appropriate exceptions if verification failed hard. Returns true for successful verification or
+  // soft-failures.
+  bool AttemptSupertypeVerification(Thread* self,
+                                    Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+                                    Handle<mirror::Class> supertype)
+      REQUIRES(!dex_lock_)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
   static void DeleteClassLoader(Thread* self, const ClassLoaderData& data)
       REQUIRES(Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
@@ -572,7 +588,7 @@
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   void FinishInit(Thread* self)
-  SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_)
       REQUIRES(!dex_lock_, !Roles::uninterruptible_);
 
   // For early bootstrapping by Init
@@ -712,6 +728,83 @@
                    ArtMethod** out_imt)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+  // Does anything needed to make sure that the compiler will not generate a direct invoke to this
+  // method. Should only be called on non-invokable methods.
+  void EnsureThrowsInvocationError(ArtMethod* method)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
+  // A wrapper class representing the result of a method translation used for linking methods and
+  // updating superclass default methods. For each method in a classes vtable there are 4 states it
+  // could be in:
+  // 1) No translation is necessary. In this case there is no MethodTranslation object for it. This
+  //    is the standard case and is true when the method is not overridable by a default method,
+  //    the class defines a concrete implementation of the method, the default method implementation
+  //    remains the same, or an abstract method stayed abstract.
+  // 2) The method must be translated to a different default method. We note this with
+  //    CreateTranslatedMethod.
+  // 3) The method must be replaced with a conflict method. This happens when a superclass
+  //    implements an interface with a default method and this class implements an unrelated
+  //    interface that also defines that default method. We note this with CreateConflictingMethod.
+  // 4) The method must be replaced with an abstract miranda method. This happens when a superclass
+  //    implements an interface with a default method and this class implements a subinterface of
+  //    the superclass's interface which declares the default method abstract. We note this with
+  //    CreateAbstractMethod.
+  //
+  // When a method translation is unnecessary (case #1), we don't put it into the
+  // default_translation maps. So an instance of MethodTranslation must be in one of #2-#4.
+  class MethodTranslation {
+   public:
+    // This slot must become a default conflict method.
+    static MethodTranslation CreateConflictingMethod() {
+      return MethodTranslation(Type::kConflict, /*translation*/nullptr);
+    }
+
+    // This slot must become an abstract method.
+    static MethodTranslation CreateAbstractMethod() {
+      return MethodTranslation(Type::kAbstract, /*translation*/nullptr);
+    }
+
+    // Use the given method as the current value for this vtable slot during translation.
+    static MethodTranslation CreateTranslatedMethod(ArtMethod* new_method) {
+      return MethodTranslation(Type::kTranslation, new_method);
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if this is a method that must become a conflict method.
+    bool IsInConflict() const {
+      return type_ == Type::kConflict;
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if this is a method that must become an abstract method.
+    bool IsAbstract() const {
+      return type_ == Type::kAbstract;
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if this is a method that must become a different method.
+    bool IsTranslation() const {
+      return type_ == Type::kTranslation;
+    }
+
+    // Get the translated version of this method.
+    ArtMethod* GetTranslation() const {
+      DCHECK(IsTranslation());
+      DCHECK(translation_ != nullptr);
+      return translation_;
+    }
+
+   private:
+    enum class Type {
+      kTranslation,
+      kConflict,
+      kAbstract,
+    };
+
+    MethodTranslation(Type type, ArtMethod* translation)
+        : translation_(translation), type_(type) {}
+
+    ArtMethod* const translation_;
+    const Type type_;
+  };
+
   // Links the virtual methods for the given class and records any default methods that will need to
   // be updated later.
   //
@@ -728,9 +821,10 @@
   //                          scan, we therefore store the vtable index's that might need to be
   //                          updated with the method they will turn into.
   // TODO This whole default_translations thing is very dirty. There should be a better way.
-  bool LinkVirtualMethods(Thread* self,
-                          Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-                          /*out*/std::unordered_map<size_t, ArtMethod*>* default_translations)
+  bool LinkVirtualMethods(
+        Thread* self,
+        Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+        /*out*/std::unordered_map<size_t, MethodTranslation>* default_translations)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Sets up the interface lookup table (IFTable) in the correct order to allow searching for
@@ -740,6 +834,13 @@
                                  Handle<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Class>> interfaces)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
+
+  enum class DefaultMethodSearchResult {
+    kDefaultFound,
+    kAbstractFound,
+    kDefaultConflict
+  };
+
   // Find the default method implementation for 'interface_method' in 'klass', if one exists.
   //
   // Arguments:
@@ -747,31 +848,31 @@
   // * target_method - The method we are trying to find a default implementation for.
   // * klass - The class we are searching for a definition of target_method.
   // * out_default_method - The pointer we will store the found default method to on success.
-  // * icce_message - A string we will store an appropriate IncompatibleClassChangeError message
-  //                  into in case of failure. Note we must do it this way since we do not know
-  //                  whether we can allocate the exception object, which could cause us to go to
-  //                  sleep.
   //
   // Return value:
-  // * True - There were no conflicting method implementations found in the class while searching
-  //          for target_method. The default method implementation is stored into out_default_method
-  //          if it was found.  Otherwise *out_default_method will be set to nullptr.
-  // * False - Conflicting method implementations were found when searching for target_method. The
-  //           value of *out_default_method is undefined and *icce_message is a string that should
-  //           be used to create an IncompatibleClassChangeError as soon as possible.
-  bool FindDefaultMethodImplementation(Thread* self,
-                                       ArtMethod* target_method,
-                                       Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-                                       /*out*/ArtMethod** out_default_method,
-                                       /*out*/std::string* icce_message) const
+  // * kDefaultFound - There were no conflicting method implementations found in the class while
+  //                   searching for target_method. The default method implementation is stored into
+  //                   out_default_method.
+  // * kAbstractFound - There were no conflicting method implementations found in the class while
+  //                   searching for target_method but no default implementation was found either.
+  //                   out_default_method is set to null and the method should be considered not
+  //                   implemented.
+  // * kDefaultConflict - Conflicting method implementations were found when searching for
+  //                      target_method. The value of *out_default_method is null.
+  DefaultMethodSearchResult FindDefaultMethodImplementation(
+          Thread* self,
+          ArtMethod* target_method,
+          Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+          /*out*/ArtMethod** out_default_method) const
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Sets the imt entries and fixes up the vtable for the given class by linking all the interface
   // methods. See LinkVirtualMethods for an explanation of what default_translations is.
-  bool LinkInterfaceMethods(Thread* self,
-                            Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
-                            const std::unordered_map<size_t, ArtMethod*>& default_translations,
-                            ArtMethod** out_imt)
+  bool LinkInterfaceMethods(
+          Thread* self,
+          Handle<mirror::Class> klass,
+          const std::unordered_map<size_t, MethodTranslation>& default_translations,
+          ArtMethod** out_imt)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   bool LinkStaticFields(Thread* self, Handle<mirror::Class> klass, size_t* class_size)
@@ -815,7 +916,7 @@
   void EnsurePreverifiedMethods(Handle<mirror::Class> c)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  mirror::Class* LookupClassFromImage(const char* descriptor)
+  mirror::Class* LookupClassFromBootImage(const char* descriptor)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   // Returns null if not found.
@@ -879,8 +980,8 @@
   // New class roots, only used by CMS since the GC needs to mark these in the pause.
   std::vector<GcRoot<mirror::Class>> new_class_roots_ GUARDED_BY(Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
 
-  // Do we need to search dex caches to find image classes?
-  bool dex_cache_image_class_lookup_required_;
+  // Do we need to search dex caches to find boot image classes?
+  bool dex_cache_boot_image_class_lookup_required_;
   // Number of times we've searched dex caches for a class. After a certain number of misses we move
   // the classes into the class_table_ to avoid dex cache based searches.
   Atomic<uint32_t> failed_dex_cache_class_lookups_;
diff --git a/runtime/common_throws.cc b/runtime/common_throws.cc
index de692d1..d68b463 100644
--- a/runtime/common_throws.cc
+++ b/runtime/common_throws.cc
@@ -242,6 +242,15 @@
   va_end(args);
 }
 
+void ThrowIncompatibleClassChangeErrorForMethodConflict(ArtMethod* method) {
+  DCHECK(method != nullptr);
+  ThrowException("Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError;",
+                 /*referrer*/nullptr,
+                 StringPrintf("Conflicting default method implementations %s",
+                              PrettyMethod(method).c_str()).c_str());
+}
+
+
 // IOException
 
 void ThrowIOException(const char* fmt, ...) {
diff --git a/runtime/common_throws.h b/runtime/common_throws.h
index 2402e6f..2a0934f 100644
--- a/runtime/common_throws.h
+++ b/runtime/common_throws.h
@@ -120,6 +120,9 @@
     __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 3)))
     SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) COLD_ATTR;
 
+void ThrowIncompatibleClassChangeErrorForMethodConflict(ArtMethod* method)
+    SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) COLD_ATTR;
+
 // IOException
 
 void ThrowIOException(const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 1, 2)))
diff --git a/runtime/dex_file.cc b/runtime/dex_file.cc
index 3a93aac..70096f5 100644
--- a/runtime/dex_file.cc
+++ b/runtime/dex_file.cc
@@ -231,7 +231,14 @@
       return nullptr;
     }
     size_t length = sbuf.st_size;
-    map.reset(MemMap::MapFile(length, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0, location, error_msg));
+    map.reset(MemMap::MapFile(length,
+                              PROT_READ,
+                              MAP_PRIVATE,
+                              fd,
+                              0,
+                              /*low_4gb*/false,
+                              location,
+                              error_msg));
     if (map.get() == nullptr) {
       DCHECK(!error_msg->empty());
       return nullptr;
diff --git a/runtime/dex_file.h b/runtime/dex_file.h
index e7877b2..1e44f50 100644
--- a/runtime/dex_file.h
+++ b/runtime/dex_file.h
@@ -722,6 +722,7 @@
 
   //
   const CodeItem* GetCodeItem(const uint32_t code_off) const {
+    DCHECK_LT(code_off, size_) << "Code item offset larger then maximum allowed offset";
     if (code_off == 0) {
       return nullptr;  // native or abstract method
     } else {
diff --git a/runtime/elf_file.cc b/runtime/elf_file.cc
index 723ee74..2819670 100644
--- a/runtime/elf_file.cc
+++ b/runtime/elf_file.cc
@@ -189,8 +189,14 @@
   if (program_header_only_) {
     // first just map ELF header to get program header size information
     size_t elf_header_size = sizeof(Elf_Ehdr);
-    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(elf_header_size, prot, flags, file_->Fd(), 0,
-                                file_->GetPath().c_str(), error_msg),
+    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(elf_header_size,
+                                prot,
+                                flags,
+                                file_->Fd(),
+                                0,
+                                /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                file_->GetPath().c_str(),
+                                error_msg),
                 error_msg)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -202,16 +208,28 @@
                                 sizeof(Elf_Ehdr), file_->GetPath().c_str());
       return false;
     }
-    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(program_header_size, prot, flags, file_->Fd(), 0,
-                                file_->GetPath().c_str(), error_msg),
+    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(program_header_size,
+                                prot,
+                                flags,
+                                file_->Fd(),
+                                0,
+                                /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                file_->GetPath().c_str(),
+                                error_msg),
                 error_msg)) {
       *error_msg = StringPrintf("Failed to map ELF program headers: %s", error_msg->c_str());
       return false;
     }
   } else {
     // otherwise map entire file
-    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(file_->GetLength(), prot, flags, file_->Fd(), 0,
-                                file_->GetPath().c_str(), error_msg),
+    if (!SetMap(MemMap::MapFile(file_->GetLength(),
+                                prot,
+                                flags,
+                                file_->Fd(),
+                                0,
+                                /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                file_->GetPath().c_str(),
+                                error_msg),
                 error_msg)) {
       *error_msg = StringPrintf("Failed to map ELF file: %s", error_msg->c_str());
       return false;
@@ -1258,9 +1276,12 @@
       std::unique_ptr<MemMap> segment(
           MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(p_vaddr,
                                    program_header->p_filesz,
-                                   prot, flags, file_->Fd(),
+                                   prot,
+                                   flags,
+                                   file_->Fd(),
                                    program_header->p_offset,
-                                   true,  // implies MAP_FIXED
+                                   /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                   /*reuse*/true,  // implies MAP_FIXED
                                    file_->GetPath().c_str(),
                                    error_msg));
       if (segment.get() == nullptr) {
@@ -1775,8 +1796,14 @@
                               file->GetPath().c_str());
     return nullptr;
   }
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFile(EI_NIDENT, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, file->Fd(), 0,
-                                              file->GetPath().c_str(), error_msg));
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFile(EI_NIDENT,
+                                              PROT_READ,
+                                              MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                              file->Fd(),
+                                              0,
+                                              /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                              file->GetPath().c_str(),
+                                              error_msg));
   if (map == nullptr && map->Size() != EI_NIDENT) {
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1809,8 +1836,14 @@
                               file->GetPath().c_str());
     return nullptr;
   }
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFile(EI_NIDENT, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, file->Fd(), 0,
-                                              file->GetPath().c_str(), error_msg));
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFile(EI_NIDENT,
+                                              PROT_READ,
+                                              MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                              file->Fd(),
+                                              0,
+                                              /*low4_gb*/false,
+                                              file->GetPath().c_str(),
+                                              error_msg));
   if (map == nullptr && map->Size() != EI_NIDENT) {
     return nullptr;
   }
diff --git a/runtime/entrypoints/quick/quick_trampoline_entrypoints.cc b/runtime/entrypoints/quick/quick_trampoline_entrypoints.cc
index 5eda6d6..abf9ac4 100644
--- a/runtime/entrypoints/quick/quick_trampoline_entrypoints.cc
+++ b/runtime/entrypoints/quick/quick_trampoline_entrypoints.cc
@@ -645,8 +645,8 @@
   // frame.
   ScopedQuickEntrypointChecks sqec(self);
 
-  if (method->IsAbstract()) {
-    ThrowAbstractMethodError(method);
+  if (UNLIKELY(!method->IsInvokable())) {
+    method->ThrowInvocationTimeError();
     return 0;
   }
 
diff --git a/runtime/gc/accounting/mod_union_table.cc b/runtime/gc/accounting/mod_union_table.cc
index 1361f7b..8f7bb94 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/accounting/mod_union_table.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/accounting/mod_union_table.cc
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@
 
 // Mark all references to the alloc space(s).
 void ModUnionTableCardCache::UpdateAndMarkReferences(MarkObjectVisitor* visitor) {
-  auto* image_space = heap_->GetImageSpace();
+  auto* image_space = heap_->GetBootImageSpace();
   // If we don't have an image space, just pass in space_ as the immune space. Pass in the same
   // space_ instead of image_space to avoid a null check in ModUnionUpdateObjectReferencesVisitor.
   CardBitVisitor bit_visitor(visitor, space_, image_space != nullptr ? image_space : space_,
diff --git a/runtime/gc/collector/concurrent_copying.cc b/runtime/gc/collector/concurrent_copying.cc
index 4a49712..f4cf3ae 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/collector/concurrent_copying.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/collector/concurrent_copying.cc
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "gc/accounting/space_bitmap-inl.h"
 #include "gc/reference_processor.h"
 #include "gc/space/image_space.h"
-#include "gc/space/space.h"
+#include "gc/space/space-inl.h"
 #include "intern_table.h"
 #include "mirror/class-inl.h"
 #include "mirror/object-inl.h"
@@ -358,13 +358,17 @@
     // scan the image objects from roots by relying on the card table,
     // but it's necessary for the RB to-space invariant to hold.
     TimingLogger::ScopedTiming split1("VisitImageRoots", GetTimings());
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* image = heap_->GetImageSpace();
-    if (image != nullptr) {
-      mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>* image_root = image->GetImageHeader().GetImageRoots();
-      mirror::Object* marked_image_root = Mark(image_root);
-      CHECK_EQ(image_root, marked_image_root) << "An image object does not move";
-      if (ReadBarrier::kEnableToSpaceInvariantChecks) {
-        AssertToSpaceInvariant(nullptr, MemberOffset(0), marked_image_root);
+    for (space::ContinuousSpace* space : heap_->GetContinuousSpaces()) {
+      if (space->IsImageSpace()) {
+        gc::space::ImageSpace* image = space->AsImageSpace();
+        if (image != nullptr) {
+          mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>* image_root = image->GetImageHeader().GetImageRoots();
+          mirror::Object* marked_image_root = Mark(image_root);
+          CHECK_EQ(image_root, marked_image_root) << "An image object does not move";
+          if (ReadBarrier::kEnableToSpaceInvariantChecks) {
+            AssertToSpaceInvariant(nullptr, MemberOffset(0), marked_image_root);
+          }
+        }
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/runtime/gc/heap.cc b/runtime/gc/heap.cc
index ab93142..da9a79e 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/heap.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/heap.cc
@@ -233,7 +233,8 @@
       backtrace_lock_(nullptr),
       seen_backtrace_count_(0u),
       unique_backtrace_count_(0u),
-      gc_disabled_for_shutdown_(false) {
+      gc_disabled_for_shutdown_(false),
+      boot_image_space_(nullptr) {
   if (VLOG_IS_ON(heap) || VLOG_IS_ON(startup)) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Heap() entering";
   }
@@ -262,15 +263,16 @@
   if (!image_file_name.empty()) {
     ATRACE_BEGIN("ImageSpace::Create");
     std::string error_msg;
-    auto* image_space = space::ImageSpace::Create(image_file_name.c_str(), image_instruction_set,
+    boot_image_space_ = space::ImageSpace::Create(image_file_name.c_str(),
+                                                  image_instruction_set,
                                                   &error_msg);
     ATRACE_END();
-    if (image_space != nullptr) {
-      AddSpace(image_space);
+    if (boot_image_space_ != nullptr) {
+      AddSpace(boot_image_space_);
       // Oat files referenced by image files immediately follow them in memory, ensure alloc space
       // isn't going to get in the middle
-      uint8_t* oat_file_end_addr = image_space->GetImageHeader().GetOatFileEnd();
-      CHECK_GT(oat_file_end_addr, image_space->End());
+      uint8_t* oat_file_end_addr = boot_image_space_->GetImageHeader().GetOatFileEnd();
+      CHECK_GT(oat_file_end_addr, boot_image_space_->End());
       requested_alloc_space_begin = AlignUp(oat_file_end_addr, kPageSize);
     } else {
       LOG(ERROR) << "Could not create image space with image file '" << image_file_name << "'. "
@@ -454,11 +456,11 @@
     rb_table_.reset(new accounting::ReadBarrierTable());
     DCHECK(rb_table_->IsAllCleared());
   }
-  if (GetImageSpace() != nullptr) {
+  if (GetBootImageSpace() != nullptr) {
     // Don't add the image mod union table if we are running without an image, this can crash if
     // we use the CardCache implementation.
     accounting::ModUnionTable* mod_union_table = new accounting::ModUnionTableToZygoteAllocspace(
-        "Image mod-union table", this, GetImageSpace());
+        "Image mod-union table", this, GetBootImageSpace());
     CHECK(mod_union_table != nullptr) << "Failed to create image mod-union table";
     AddModUnionTable(mod_union_table);
   }
@@ -523,12 +525,12 @@
       garbage_collectors_.push_back(mark_compact_collector_);
     }
   }
-  if (GetImageSpace() != nullptr && non_moving_space_ != nullptr &&
+  if (GetBootImageSpace() != nullptr && non_moving_space_ != nullptr &&
       (is_zygote || separate_non_moving_space || foreground_collector_type_ == kCollectorTypeGSS)) {
     // Check that there's no gap between the image space and the non moving space so that the
     // immune region won't break (eg. due to a large object allocated in the gap). This is only
     // required when we're the zygote or using GSS.
-    bool no_gap = MemMap::CheckNoGaps(GetImageSpace()->GetMemMap(),
+    bool no_gap = MemMap::CheckNoGaps(GetBootImageSpace()->GetMemMap(),
                                       non_moving_space_->GetMemMap());
     if (!no_gap) {
       PrintFileToLog("/proc/self/maps", LogSeverity::ERROR);
@@ -748,15 +750,6 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool Heap::HasImageSpace() const {
-  for (const auto& space : continuous_spaces_) {
-    if (space->IsImageSpace()) {
-      return true;
-    }
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
 void Heap::IncrementDisableMovingGC(Thread* self) {
   // Need to do this holding the lock to prevent races where the GC is about to run / running when
   // we attempt to disable it.
@@ -1164,6 +1157,7 @@
   STLDeleteElements(&continuous_spaces_);
   STLDeleteElements(&discontinuous_spaces_);
   delete gc_complete_lock_;
+  delete thread_flip_lock_;
   delete pending_task_lock_;
   delete backtrace_lock_;
   if (unique_backtrace_count_.LoadRelaxed() != 0 || seen_backtrace_count_.LoadRelaxed() != 0) {
@@ -1208,13 +1202,8 @@
   return FindDiscontinuousSpaceFromObject(obj, fail_ok);
 }
 
-space::ImageSpace* Heap::GetImageSpace() const {
-  for (const auto& space : continuous_spaces_) {
-    if (space->IsImageSpace()) {
-      return space->AsImageSpace();
-    }
-  }
-  return nullptr;
+space::ImageSpace* Heap::GetBootImageSpace() const {
+  return boot_image_space_;
 }
 
 void Heap::ThrowOutOfMemoryError(Thread* self, size_t byte_count, AllocatorType allocator_type) {
diff --git a/runtime/gc/heap.h b/runtime/gc/heap.h
index cc48172..e23b1a3 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/heap.h
+++ b/runtime/gc/heap.h
@@ -580,9 +580,9 @@
   // Unbind any bound bitmaps.
   void UnBindBitmaps() REQUIRES(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
 
-  // DEPRECATED: Should remove in "near" future when support for multiple image spaces is added.
-  // Assumes there is only one image space.
-  space::ImageSpace* GetImageSpace() const;
+  // Returns the boot image space. There may be multiple image spaces, but there is only one boot
+  // image space.
+  space::ImageSpace* GetBootImageSpace() const;
 
   // Permenantly disable moving garbage collection.
   void DisableMovingGc() REQUIRES(!*gc_complete_lock_);
@@ -660,7 +660,9 @@
   void RemoveRememberedSet(space::Space* space);
 
   bool IsCompilingBoot() const;
-  bool HasImageSpace() const;
+  bool HasImageSpace() const {
+    return boot_image_space_ != nullptr;
+  }
 
   ReferenceProcessor* GetReferenceProcessor() {
     return reference_processor_.get();
@@ -1320,6 +1322,9 @@
   // allocating.
   bool gc_disabled_for_shutdown_ GUARDED_BY(gc_complete_lock_);
 
+  // Boot image space.
+  space::ImageSpace* boot_image_space_;
+
   friend class CollectorTransitionTask;
   friend class collector::GarbageCollector;
   friend class collector::MarkCompact;
diff --git a/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc b/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
index ce64b10..1fe9a03 100644
--- a/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
+++ b/runtime/gc/space/image_space.cc
@@ -709,19 +709,32 @@
   }
 
   // Note: The image header is part of the image due to mmap page alignment required of offset.
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(
-      image_header.GetImageBegin(), image_header.GetImageSize(),
-      PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, file->Fd(), 0, false, image_filename, error_msg));
-  if (map.get() == nullptr) {
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(image_header.GetImageBegin(),
+                                                       image_header.GetImageSize(),
+                                                       PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                                       MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                                       file->Fd(),
+                                                       0,
+                                                       /*low_4gb*/false,
+                                                       /*reuse*/false,
+                                                       image_filename,
+                                                       error_msg));
+  if (map == nullptr) {
     DCHECK(!error_msg->empty());
     return nullptr;
   }
   CHECK_EQ(image_header.GetImageBegin(), map->Begin());
   DCHECK_EQ(0, memcmp(&image_header, map->Begin(), sizeof(ImageHeader)));
 
-  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image_map(MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(
-      nullptr, bitmap_section.Size(), PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, file->Fd(),
-      bitmap_section.Offset(), false, image_filename, error_msg));
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image_map(MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(nullptr,
+                                                             bitmap_section.Size(),
+                                                             PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                                             file->Fd(),
+                                                             bitmap_section.Offset(),
+                                                             /*low_4gb*/false,
+                                                             /*reuse*/false,
+                                                             image_filename,
+                                                             error_msg));
   if (image_map.get() == nullptr) {
     *error_msg = StringPrintf("Failed to map image bitmap: %s", error_msg->c_str());
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/runtime/instrumentation.cc b/runtime/instrumentation.cc
index 0bc9dd8..bc2c197 100644
--- a/runtime/instrumentation.cc
+++ b/runtime/instrumentation.cc
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 }
 
 void Instrumentation::InstallStubsForMethod(ArtMethod* method) {
-  if (method->IsAbstract() || method->IsProxyMethod()) {
+  if (!method->IsInvokable() || method->IsProxyMethod()) {
     // Do not change stubs for these methods.
     return;
   }
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@
 void Instrumentation::Deoptimize(ArtMethod* method) {
   CHECK(!method->IsNative());
   CHECK(!method->IsProxyMethod());
-  CHECK(!method->IsAbstract());
+  CHECK(method->IsInvokable());
 
   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   {
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@
 void Instrumentation::Undeoptimize(ArtMethod* method) {
   CHECK(!method->IsNative());
   CHECK(!method->IsProxyMethod());
-  CHECK(!method->IsAbstract());
+  CHECK(method->IsInvokable());
 
   Thread* self = Thread::Current();
   bool empty;
diff --git a/runtime/intern_table.cc b/runtime/intern_table.cc
index f4658d5..e2e4782 100644
--- a/runtime/intern_table.cc
+++ b/runtime/intern_table.cc
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
   if (image_added_to_intern_table_) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
   if (image == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;  // No image present.
   }
diff --git a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter.cc b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter.cc
index 7c0594a..d686f74 100644
--- a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter.cc
+++ b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter.cc
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@
 
 static inline JValue Execute(Thread* self, const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
                              ShadowFrame& shadow_frame, JValue result_register) {
-  DCHECK(!shadow_frame.GetMethod()->IsAbstract());
+  DCHECK(shadow_frame.GetMethod()->IsInvokable());
   DCHECK(!shadow_frame.GetMethod()->IsNative());
   shadow_frame.GetMethod()->GetDeclaringClass()->AssertInitializedOrInitializingInThread(self);
 
@@ -318,9 +318,9 @@
   if (code_item != nullptr) {
     num_regs =  code_item->registers_size_;
     num_ins = code_item->ins_size_;
-  } else if (method->IsAbstract()) {
+  } else if (!method->IsInvokable()) {
     self->EndAssertNoThreadSuspension(old_cause);
-    ThrowAbstractMethodError(method);
+    method->ThrowInvocationTimeError();
     return;
   } else {
     DCHECK(method->IsNative());
diff --git a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
index c8650c4..9f6699f 100644
--- a/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
+++ b/runtime/interpreter/interpreter_common.h
@@ -141,8 +141,9 @@
 
   if (UNLIKELY(called_method == nullptr)) {
     // The shadow frame should already be pushed, so we don't need to update it.
-  } else if (UNLIKELY(called_method->IsAbstract())) {
-    ThrowAbstractMethodError(called_method);
+  } else if (UNLIKELY(!called_method->IsInvokable())) {
+    called_method->ThrowInvocationTimeError();
+    // We got an error.
     // TODO(iam): Also handle the case when the method is non-static, what error do we throw?
     // TODO(iam): Also make sure that ACC_LAMBDA is set.
   } else if (UNLIKELY(called_method->GetCodeItem() == nullptr)) {
@@ -617,8 +618,8 @@
     CHECK(self->IsExceptionPending());
     result->SetJ(0);
     return false;
-  } else if (UNLIKELY(called_method->IsAbstract())) {
-    ThrowAbstractMethodError(called_method);
+  } else if (UNLIKELY(!called_method->IsInvokable())) {
+    called_method->ThrowInvocationTimeError();
     result->SetJ(0);
     return false;
   } else {
@@ -656,8 +657,8 @@
     CHECK(self->IsExceptionPending());
     result->SetJ(0);
     return false;
-  } else if (UNLIKELY(called_method->IsAbstract())) {
-    ThrowAbstractMethodError(called_method);
+  } else if (UNLIKELY(!called_method->IsInvokable())) {
+    called_method->ThrowInvocationTimeError();
     result->SetJ(0);
     return false;
   } else {
diff --git a/runtime/jdwp/jdwp_handler.cc b/runtime/jdwp/jdwp_handler.cc
index df6936b..f1f4a03 100644
--- a/runtime/jdwp/jdwp_handler.cc
+++ b/runtime/jdwp/jdwp_handler.cc
@@ -745,6 +745,15 @@
   return ERR_NONE;
 }
 
+// Default implementation for IDEs relying on this command.
+static JdwpError M_IsObsolete(JdwpState*, Request* request, ExpandBuf* reply)
+    SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
+  request->ReadRefTypeId();  // unused reference type ID
+  request->ReadMethodId();   // unused method ID
+  expandBufAdd1(reply, false);  // a method is never obsolete.
+  return ERR_NONE;
+}
+
 /*
  * Given an object reference, return the runtime type of the object
  * (class or array).
@@ -1477,7 +1486,7 @@
   { 6,    1,  M_LineTable,                "Method.LineTable" },
   { 6,    2,  M_VariableTable,            "Method.VariableTable" },
   { 6,    3,  M_Bytecodes,                "Method.Bytecodes" },
-  { 6,    4,  nullptr,                    "Method.IsObsolete" },
+  { 6,    4,  M_IsObsolete,               "Method.IsObsolete" },
   { 6,    5,  M_VariableTableWithGeneric, "Method.VariableTableWithGeneric" },
 
   /* Field command set (8) */
diff --git a/runtime/mem_map.cc b/runtime/mem_map.cc
index 2d3581d..4b2ac20 100644
--- a/runtime/mem_map.cc
+++ b/runtime/mem_map.cc
@@ -252,9 +252,13 @@
 }
 
 #if USE_ART_LOW_4G_ALLOCATOR
-static inline void* TryMemMapLow4GB(void* ptr, size_t page_aligned_byte_count, int prot, int flags,
-                                    int fd) {
-  void* actual = mmap(ptr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd, 0);
+static inline void* TryMemMapLow4GB(void* ptr,
+                                    size_t page_aligned_byte_count,
+                                    int prot,
+                                    int flags,
+                                    int fd,
+                                    off_t offset) {
+  void* actual = mmap(ptr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd, offset);
   if (actual != MAP_FAILED) {
     // Since we didn't use MAP_FIXED the kernel may have mapped it somewhere not in the low
     // 4GB. If this is the case, unmap and retry.
@@ -267,8 +271,13 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-MemMap* MemMap::MapAnonymous(const char* name, uint8_t* expected_ptr, size_t byte_count, int prot,
-                             bool low_4gb, bool reuse, std::string* error_msg) {
+MemMap* MemMap::MapAnonymous(const char* name,
+                             uint8_t* expected_ptr,
+                             size_t byte_count,
+                             int prot,
+                             bool low_4gb,
+                             bool reuse,
+                             std::string* error_msg) {
 #ifndef __LP64__
   UNUSED(low_4gb);
 #endif
@@ -317,122 +326,14 @@
   // We need to store and potentially set an error number for pretty printing of errors
   int saved_errno = 0;
 
-#ifdef __LP64__
-  // When requesting low_4g memory and having an expectation, the requested range should fit into
-  // 4GB.
-  if (low_4gb && (
-      // Start out of bounds.
-      (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(expected_ptr) >> 32) != 0 ||
-      // End out of bounds. For simplicity, this will fail for the last page of memory.
-      (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(expected_ptr + page_aligned_byte_count) >> 32) != 0)) {
-    *error_msg = StringPrintf("The requested address space (%p, %p) cannot fit in low_4gb",
-                              expected_ptr, expected_ptr + page_aligned_byte_count);
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  // TODO:
-  // A page allocator would be a useful abstraction here, as
-  // 1) It is doubtful that MAP_32BIT on x86_64 is doing the right job for us
-  // 2) The linear scheme, even with simple saving of the last known position, is very crude
-#if USE_ART_LOW_4G_ALLOCATOR
-  // MAP_32BIT only available on x86_64.
-  void* actual = MAP_FAILED;
-  if (low_4gb && expected_ptr == nullptr) {
-    bool first_run = true;
-
-    MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
-    for (uintptr_t ptr = next_mem_pos_; ptr < 4 * GB; ptr += kPageSize) {
-      // Use maps_ as an optimization to skip over large maps.
-      // Find the first map which is address > ptr.
-      auto it = maps_->upper_bound(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr));
-      if (it != maps_->begin()) {
-        auto before_it = it;
-        --before_it;
-        // Start at the end of the map before the upper bound.
-        ptr = std::max(ptr, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(before_it->second->BaseEnd()));
-        CHECK_ALIGNED(ptr, kPageSize);
-      }
-      while (it != maps_->end()) {
-        // How much space do we have until the next map?
-        size_t delta = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(it->first) - ptr;
-        // If the space may be sufficient, break out of the loop.
-        if (delta >= page_aligned_byte_count) {
-          break;
-        }
-        // Otherwise, skip to the end of the map.
-        ptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(it->second->BaseEnd());
-        CHECK_ALIGNED(ptr, kPageSize);
-        ++it;
-      }
-
-      // Try to see if we get lucky with this address since none of the ART maps overlap.
-      actual = TryMemMapLow4GB(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr), page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags,
-                               fd.get());
-      if (actual != MAP_FAILED) {
-        next_mem_pos_ = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(actual) + page_aligned_byte_count;
-        break;
-      }
-
-      if (4U * GB - ptr < page_aligned_byte_count) {
-        // Not enough memory until 4GB.
-        if (first_run) {
-          // Try another time from the bottom;
-          ptr = LOW_MEM_START - kPageSize;
-          first_run = false;
-          continue;
-        } else {
-          // Second try failed.
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-
-      uintptr_t tail_ptr;
-
-      // Check pages are free.
-      bool safe = true;
-      for (tail_ptr = ptr; tail_ptr < ptr + page_aligned_byte_count; tail_ptr += kPageSize) {
-        if (msync(reinterpret_cast<void*>(tail_ptr), kPageSize, 0) == 0) {
-          safe = false;
-          break;
-        } else {
-          DCHECK_EQ(errno, ENOMEM);
-        }
-      }
-
-      next_mem_pos_ = tail_ptr;  // update early, as we break out when we found and mapped a region
-
-      if (safe == true) {
-        actual = TryMemMapLow4GB(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr), page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags,
-                                 fd.get());
-        if (actual != MAP_FAILED) {
-            break;
-        }
-      } else {
-        // Skip over last page.
-        ptr = tail_ptr;
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
-      LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find contiguous low-memory space.";
-      saved_errno = ENOMEM;
-    }
-  } else {
-    actual = mmap(expected_ptr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd.get(), 0);
-    saved_errno = errno;
-  }
-
-#else
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-  if (low_4gb && expected_ptr == nullptr) {
-    flags |= MAP_32BIT;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  void* actual = mmap(expected_ptr, page_aligned_byte_count, prot, flags, fd.get(), 0);
+  void* actual = MapInternal(expected_ptr,
+                             page_aligned_byte_count,
+                             prot,
+                             flags,
+                             fd.get(),
+                             0,
+                             low_4gb);
   saved_errno = errno;
-#endif
 
   if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
     PrintFileToLog("/proc/self/maps", LogSeverity::WARNING);
@@ -458,8 +359,15 @@
   return new MemMap(name, addr, byte_count, addr, page_aligned_byte_count, 0, true /* reuse */);
 }
 
-MemMap* MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(uint8_t* expected_ptr, size_t byte_count, int prot, int flags,
-                                 int fd, off_t start, bool reuse, const char* filename,
+MemMap* MemMap::MapFileAtAddress(uint8_t* expected_ptr,
+                                 size_t byte_count,
+                                 int prot,
+                                 int flags,
+                                 int fd,
+                                 off_t start,
+                                 bool low_4gb,
+                                 bool reuse,
+                                 const char* filename,
                                  std::string* error_msg) {
   CHECK_NE(0, prot);
   CHECK_NE(0, flags & (MAP_SHARED | MAP_PRIVATE));
@@ -498,12 +406,13 @@
     page_aligned_byte_count += redzone_size;
   }
 
-  uint8_t* actual = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(mmap(page_aligned_expected,
-                                              page_aligned_byte_count,
-                                              prot,
-                                              flags,
-                                              fd,
-                                              page_aligned_offset));
+  uint8_t* actual = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(MapInternal(page_aligned_expected,
+                                                           page_aligned_byte_count,
+                                                           prot,
+                                                           flags,
+                                                           fd,
+                                                           page_aligned_offset,
+                                                           low_4gb));
   if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
     auto saved_errno = errno;
 
@@ -827,6 +736,132 @@
   size_ = new_size;
 }
 
+void* MemMap::MapInternal(void* addr,
+                          size_t length,
+                          int prot,
+                          int flags,
+                          int fd,
+                          off_t offset,
+                          bool low_4gb) {
+#ifdef __LP64__
+  // When requesting low_4g memory and having an expectation, the requested range should fit into
+  // 4GB.
+  if (low_4gb && (
+      // Start out of bounds.
+      (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(addr) >> 32) != 0 ||
+      // End out of bounds. For simplicity, this will fail for the last page of memory.
+      ((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(addr) + length) >> 32) != 0)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "The requested address space (" << addr << ", "
+               << reinterpret_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(addr) + length)
+               << ") cannot fit in low_4gb";
+    return MAP_FAILED;
+  }
+#else
+  UNUSED(low_4gb);
+#endif
+  DCHECK_ALIGNED(length, kPageSize);
+  if (low_4gb) {
+    DCHECK_EQ(flags & MAP_FIXED, 0);
+  }
+  // TODO:
+  // A page allocator would be a useful abstraction here, as
+  // 1) It is doubtful that MAP_32BIT on x86_64 is doing the right job for us
+  void* actual = MAP_FAILED;
+#if USE_ART_LOW_4G_ALLOCATOR
+  // MAP_32BIT only available on x86_64.
+  if (low_4gb && addr == nullptr) {
+    bool first_run = true;
+
+    MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
+    for (uintptr_t ptr = next_mem_pos_; ptr < 4 * GB; ptr += kPageSize) {
+      // Use maps_ as an optimization to skip over large maps.
+      // Find the first map which is address > ptr.
+      auto it = maps_->upper_bound(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr));
+      if (it != maps_->begin()) {
+        auto before_it = it;
+        --before_it;
+        // Start at the end of the map before the upper bound.
+        ptr = std::max(ptr, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(before_it->second->BaseEnd()));
+        CHECK_ALIGNED(ptr, kPageSize);
+      }
+      while (it != maps_->end()) {
+        // How much space do we have until the next map?
+        size_t delta = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(it->first) - ptr;
+        // If the space may be sufficient, break out of the loop.
+        if (delta >= length) {
+          break;
+        }
+        // Otherwise, skip to the end of the map.
+        ptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(it->second->BaseEnd());
+        CHECK_ALIGNED(ptr, kPageSize);
+        ++it;
+      }
+
+      // Try to see if we get lucky with this address since none of the ART maps overlap.
+      actual = TryMemMapLow4GB(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr), length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+      if (actual != MAP_FAILED) {
+        next_mem_pos_ = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(actual) + length;
+        return actual;
+      }
+
+      if (4U * GB - ptr < length) {
+        // Not enough memory until 4GB.
+        if (first_run) {
+          // Try another time from the bottom;
+          ptr = LOW_MEM_START - kPageSize;
+          first_run = false;
+          continue;
+        } else {
+          // Second try failed.
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      uintptr_t tail_ptr;
+
+      // Check pages are free.
+      bool safe = true;
+      for (tail_ptr = ptr; tail_ptr < ptr + length; tail_ptr += kPageSize) {
+        if (msync(reinterpret_cast<void*>(tail_ptr), kPageSize, 0) == 0) {
+          safe = false;
+          break;
+        } else {
+          DCHECK_EQ(errno, ENOMEM);
+        }
+      }
+
+      next_mem_pos_ = tail_ptr;  // update early, as we break out when we found and mapped a region
+
+      if (safe == true) {
+        actual = TryMemMapLow4GB(reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr), length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+        if (actual != MAP_FAILED) {
+          return actual;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Skip over last page.
+        ptr = tail_ptr;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (actual == MAP_FAILED) {
+      LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find contiguous low-memory space.";
+      errno = ENOMEM;
+    }
+  } else {
+    actual = mmap(addr, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+  }
+
+#else
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+  if (low_4gb && addr == nullptr) {
+    flags |= MAP_32BIT;
+  }
+#endif
+  actual = mmap(addr, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
+#endif
+  return actual;
+}
+
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const MemMap& mem_map) {
   os << StringPrintf("[MemMap: %p-%p prot=0x%x %s]",
                      mem_map.BaseBegin(), mem_map.BaseEnd(), mem_map.GetProtect(),
diff --git a/runtime/mem_map.h b/runtime/mem_map.h
index 7c11ceb..a67a925 100644
--- a/runtime/mem_map.h
+++ b/runtime/mem_map.h
@@ -61,8 +61,13 @@
   // a name.
   //
   // On success, returns returns a MemMap instance.  On failure, returns null.
-  static MemMap* MapAnonymous(const char* ashmem_name, uint8_t* addr, size_t byte_count, int prot,
-                              bool low_4gb, bool reuse, std::string* error_msg);
+  static MemMap* MapAnonymous(const char* ashmem_name,
+                              uint8_t* addr,
+                              size_t byte_count,
+                              int prot,
+                              bool low_4gb,
+                              bool reuse,
+                              std::string* error_msg);
 
   // Create placeholder for a region allocated by direct call to mmap.
   // This is useful when we do not have control over the code calling mmap,
@@ -74,10 +79,24 @@
   // "start" offset is absolute, not relative.
   //
   // On success, returns returns a MemMap instance.  On failure, returns null.
-  static MemMap* MapFile(size_t byte_count, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t start,
-                         const char* filename, std::string* error_msg) {
-    return MapFileAtAddress(
-        nullptr, byte_count, prot, flags, fd, start, false, filename, error_msg);
+  static MemMap* MapFile(size_t byte_count,
+                         int prot,
+                         int flags,
+                         int fd,
+                         off_t start,
+                         bool low_4gb,
+                         const char* filename,
+                         std::string* error_msg) {
+    return MapFileAtAddress(nullptr,
+                            byte_count,
+                            prot,
+                            flags,
+                            fd,
+                            start,
+                            /*low_4gb*/low_4gb,
+                            /*reuse*/false,
+                            filename,
+                            error_msg);
   }
 
   // Map part of a file, taking care of non-page aligned offsets.  The
@@ -87,8 +106,15 @@
   // mapping where we do not take ownership of the memory.
   //
   // On success, returns returns a MemMap instance.  On failure, returns null.
-  static MemMap* MapFileAtAddress(uint8_t* addr, size_t byte_count, int prot, int flags, int fd,
-                                  off_t start, bool reuse, const char* filename,
+  static MemMap* MapFileAtAddress(uint8_t* addr,
+                                  size_t byte_count,
+                                  int prot,
+                                  int flags,
+                                  int fd,
+                                  off_t start,
+                                  bool low_4gb,
+                                  bool reuse,
+                                  const char* filename,
                                   std::string* error_msg);
 
   // Releases the memory mapping.
@@ -138,7 +164,9 @@
   }
 
   // Unmap the pages at end and remap them to create another memory map.
-  MemMap* RemapAtEnd(uint8_t* new_end, const char* tail_name, int tail_prot,
+  MemMap* RemapAtEnd(uint8_t* new_end,
+                     const char* tail_name,
+                     int tail_prot,
                      std::string* error_msg);
 
   static bool CheckNoGaps(MemMap* begin_map, MemMap* end_map)
@@ -152,8 +180,14 @@
   static void Shutdown() REQUIRES(!Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
 
  private:
-  MemMap(const std::string& name, uint8_t* begin, size_t size, void* base_begin, size_t base_size,
-         int prot, bool reuse, size_t redzone_size = 0) REQUIRES(!Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
+  MemMap(const std::string& name,
+         uint8_t* begin,
+         size_t size,
+         void* base_begin,
+         size_t base_size,
+         int prot,
+         bool reuse,
+         size_t redzone_size = 0) REQUIRES(!Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
 
   static void DumpMapsLocked(std::ostream& os, bool terse)
       REQUIRES(Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
@@ -164,6 +198,15 @@
   static bool ContainedWithinExistingMap(uint8_t* ptr, size_t size, std::string* error_msg)
       REQUIRES(!Locks::mem_maps_lock_);
 
+  // Internal version of mmap that supports low 4gb emulation.
+  static void* MapInternal(void* addr,
+                           size_t length,
+                           int prot,
+                           int flags,
+                           int fd,
+                           off_t offset,
+                           bool low_4gb);
+
   const std::string name_;
   uint8_t* const begin_;  // Start of data.
   size_t size_;  // Length of data.
diff --git a/runtime/mem_map_test.cc b/runtime/mem_map_test.cc
index 13bf5b7..edcbcf2 100644
--- a/runtime/mem_map_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/mem_map_test.cc
@@ -18,21 +18,36 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 
+#include "common_runtime_test.h"
 #include "base/memory_tool.h"
-
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "base/unix_file/fd_file.h"
 
 namespace art {
 
-class MemMapTest : public testing::Test {
+class MemMapTest : public CommonRuntimeTest {
  public:
   static uint8_t* BaseBegin(MemMap* mem_map) {
     return reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(mem_map->base_begin_);
   }
+
   static size_t BaseSize(MemMap* mem_map) {
     return mem_map->base_size_;
   }
 
+  static uint8_t* GetValidMapAddress(size_t size, bool low_4gb) {
+    // Find a valid map address and unmap it before returning.
+    std::string error_msg;
+    std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapAnonymous("temp",
+                                                     nullptr,
+                                                     size,
+                                                     PROT_READ,
+                                                     low_4gb,
+                                                     false,
+                                                     &error_msg));
+    CHECK(map != nullptr);
+    return map->Begin();
+  }
+
   static void RemapAtEndTest(bool low_4gb) {
     std::string error_msg;
     // Cast the page size to size_t.
@@ -164,14 +179,36 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(error_msg.empty());
   ASSERT_LT(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(BaseBegin(map.get())), 1ULL << 32);
 }
+TEST_F(MemMapTest, MapFile32Bit) {
+  CommonInit();
+  std::string error_msg;
+  ScratchFile scratch_file;
+  constexpr size_t kMapSize = kPageSize;
+  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> data(new uint8_t[kMapSize]());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(scratch_file.GetFile()->WriteFully(&data[0], kMapSize));
+  std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapFile(/*byte_count*/kMapSize,
+                                              PROT_READ,
+                                              MAP_PRIVATE,
+                                              scratch_file.GetFd(),
+                                              /*start*/0,
+                                              /*low_4gb*/true,
+                                              scratch_file.GetFilename().c_str(),
+                                              &error_msg));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(map != nullptr) << error_msg;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(error_msg.empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(map->Size(), kMapSize);
+  ASSERT_LT(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(BaseBegin(map.get())), 1ULL << 32);
+}
 #endif
 
 TEST_F(MemMapTest, MapAnonymousExactAddr) {
   CommonInit();
   std::string error_msg;
+  // Find a valid address.
+  uint8_t* valid_address = GetValidMapAddress(kPageSize, /*low_4gb*/false);
   // Map at an address that should work, which should succeed.
   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map0(MemMap::MapAnonymous("MapAnonymous0",
-                                                    reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ART_BASE_ADDRESS),
+                                                    valid_address,
                                                     kPageSize,
                                                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                                                     false,
@@ -179,7 +216,7 @@
                                                     &error_msg));
   ASSERT_TRUE(map0.get() != nullptr) << error_msg;
   ASSERT_TRUE(error_msg.empty());
-  ASSERT_TRUE(map0->BaseBegin() == reinterpret_cast<void*>(ART_BASE_ADDRESS));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(map0->BaseBegin() == valid_address);
   // Map at an unspecified address, which should succeed.
   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map1(MemMap::MapAnonymous("MapAnonymous1",
                                                     nullptr,
@@ -217,18 +254,27 @@
   CommonInit();
   // This test may not work under valgrind.
   if (RUNNING_ON_MEMORY_TOOL == 0) {
-    uintptr_t start_addr = ART_BASE_ADDRESS + 0x1000000;
+    constexpr size_t size = 0x100000;
+    // Try all addresses starting from 2GB to 4GB.
+    size_t start_addr = 2 * GB;
     std::string error_msg;
-    std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map(MemMap::MapAnonymous("MapAnonymousExactAddr32bitHighAddr",
-                                                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(start_addr),
-                                                     0x21000000,
-                                                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
-                                                     true,
-                                                     false,
-                                                     &error_msg));
+    std::unique_ptr<MemMap> map;
+    for (; start_addr <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() - size; start_addr += size) {
+      map.reset(MemMap::MapAnonymous("MapAnonymousExactAddr32bitHighAddr",
+                                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(start_addr),
+                                     size,
+                                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                     /*low_4gb*/true,
+                                     false,
+                                     &error_msg));
+      if (map != nullptr) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    ASSERT_GE(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(map->End()), 2u * GB);
     ASSERT_TRUE(map.get() != nullptr) << error_msg;
     ASSERT_TRUE(error_msg.empty());
-    ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(BaseBegin(map.get())), start_addr);
+    ASSERT_EQ(BaseBegin(map.get()), reinterpret_cast<void*>(start_addr));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/mirror/class.cc b/runtime/mirror/class.cc
index 91e1cec..3590586 100644
--- a/runtime/mirror/class.cc
+++ b/runtime/mirror/class.cc
@@ -726,12 +726,12 @@
 void Class::SetPreverifiedFlagOnAllMethods(size_t pointer_size) {
   DCHECK(IsVerified());
   for (auto& m : GetDirectMethods(pointer_size)) {
-    if (!m.IsNative() && !m.IsAbstract()) {
+    if (!m.IsNative() && m.IsInvokable()) {
       m.SetPreverified();
     }
   }
   for (auto& m : GetVirtualMethods(pointer_size)) {
-    if (!m.IsNative() && !m.IsAbstract()) {
+    if (!m.IsNative() && m.IsInvokable()) {
       m.SetPreverified();
     }
   }
diff --git a/runtime/modifiers.h b/runtime/modifiers.h
index 116cbe9..9946eab 100644
--- a/runtime/modifiers.h
+++ b/runtime/modifiers.h
@@ -50,6 +50,10 @@
 static constexpr uint32_t kAccFastNative =           0x00080000;  // method (dex only)
 static constexpr uint32_t kAccMiranda =              0x00200000;  // method (dex only)
 static constexpr uint32_t kAccDefault =              0x00400000;  // method (runtime)
+// This is set by the class linker during LinkInterfaceMethods. Prior to that point we do not know
+// if any particular method needs to be a default conflict. Used to figure out at runtime if
+// invoking this method will throw an exception.
+static constexpr uint32_t kAccDefaultConflict =      0x00800000;  // method (runtime)
 
 // Special runtime-only flags.
 // Interface and all its super-interfaces with default methods have been recursively initialized.
diff --git a/runtime/monitor.cc b/runtime/monitor.cc
index da21fee..19c71f6 100644
--- a/runtime/monitor.cc
+++ b/runtime/monitor.cc
@@ -485,10 +485,7 @@
         DCHECK(why == kTimedWaiting || why == kSleeping) << why;
         self->GetWaitConditionVariable()->TimedWait(self, ms, ns);
       }
-      if (self->IsInterruptedLocked()) {
-        was_interrupted = true;
-      }
-      self->SetInterruptedLocked(false);
+      was_interrupted = self->IsInterruptedLocked();
     }
   }
 
@@ -522,7 +519,7 @@
 
   monitor_lock_.Unlock(self);
 
-  if (was_interrupted) {
+  if (was_interrupted && interruptShouldThrow) {
     /*
      * We were interrupted while waiting, or somebody interrupted an
      * un-interruptible thread earlier and we're bailing out immediately.
@@ -534,9 +531,7 @@
       MutexLock mu(self, *self->GetWaitMutex());
       self->SetInterruptedLocked(false);
     }
-    if (interruptShouldThrow) {
-      self->ThrowNewException("Ljava/lang/InterruptedException;", nullptr);
-    }
+    self->ThrowNewException("Ljava/lang/InterruptedException;", nullptr);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file_assistant.cc b/runtime/oat_file_assistant.cc
index 99080f6..0f3a013 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file_assistant.cc
+++ b/runtime/oat_file_assistant.cc
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@
 
 std::string OatFileAssistant::ImageLocation() {
   Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
-  const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+  const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
   if (image_space == nullptr) {
     return "";
   }
@@ -949,21 +949,23 @@
     image_info_load_attempted_ = true;
 
     Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
-    const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     if (image_space != nullptr) {
       cached_image_info_.location = image_space->GetImageLocation();
 
       if (isa_ == kRuntimeISA) {
         const ImageHeader& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
         cached_image_info_.oat_checksum = image_header.GetOatChecksum();
-        cached_image_info_.oat_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(image_header.GetOatDataBegin());
+        cached_image_info_.oat_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(
+            image_header.GetOatDataBegin());
         cached_image_info_.patch_delta = image_header.GetPatchDelta();
       } else {
         std::unique_ptr<ImageHeader> image_header(
             gc::space::ImageSpace::ReadImageHeaderOrDie(
                 cached_image_info_.location.c_str(), isa_));
         cached_image_info_.oat_checksum = image_header->GetOatChecksum();
-        cached_image_info_.oat_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(image_header->GetOatDataBegin());
+        cached_image_info_.oat_data_begin = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(
+            image_header->GetOatDataBegin());
         cached_image_info_.patch_delta = image_header->GetPatchDelta();
       }
     }
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file_assistant_test.cc b/runtime/oat_file_assistant_test.cc
index c54d7f8..8c7efb2 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file_assistant_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/oat_file_assistant_test.cc
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
         false, dex_location.c_str(), &error_msg));
     ASSERT_TRUE(odex_file.get() != nullptr) << error_msg;
 
-    const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    const gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = runtime->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     ASSERT_TRUE(image_space != nullptr);
     const ImageHeader& image_header = image_space->GetImageHeader();
     const OatHeader& oat_header = odex_file->GetOatHeader();
diff --git a/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc b/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
index 9eee156..ea6d3ff 100644
--- a/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
+++ b/runtime/oat_file_manager.cc
@@ -79,11 +79,8 @@
 }
 
 const OatFile* OatFileManager::GetBootOatFile() const {
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
-  if (image_space == nullptr) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  return image_space->GetOatFile();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
+  return (image_space == nullptr) ? nullptr : image_space->GetOatFile();
 }
 
 const OatFile* OatFileManager::GetPrimaryOatFile() const {
diff --git a/runtime/runtime.cc b/runtime/runtime.cc
index 556ba56..17f34c0 100644
--- a/runtime/runtime.cc
+++ b/runtime/runtime.cc
@@ -528,13 +528,13 @@
   // Use !IsAotCompiler so that we get test coverage, tests are never the zygote.
   if (!IsAotCompiler()) {
     ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap_->GetImageSpace();
+    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap_->GetBootImageSpace();
     if (image_space != nullptr) {
       ATRACE_BEGIN("AddImageStringsToTable");
       GetInternTable()->AddImageStringsToTable(image_space);
       ATRACE_END();
       ATRACE_BEGIN("MoveImageClassesToClassTable");
-      GetClassLinker()->MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
+      GetClassLinker()->AddBootImageClassesToClassTable();
       ATRACE_END();
     }
   }
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@
                        runtime_options.GetOrDefault(Opt::HSpaceCompactForOOMMinIntervalsMs));
   ATRACE_END();
 
-  if (heap_->GetImageSpace() == nullptr && !allow_dex_file_fallback_) {
+  if (heap_->GetBootImageSpace() == nullptr && !allow_dex_file_fallback_) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Dex file fallback disabled, cannot continue without image.";
     ATRACE_END();
     return false;
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@
     class_linker_->InitFromImage();
     ATRACE_END();
     if (kIsDebugBuild) {
-      GetHeap()->GetImageSpace()->VerifyImageAllocations();
+      GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace()->VerifyImageAllocations();
     }
     if (boot_class_path_string_.empty()) {
       // The bootclasspath is not explicitly specified: construct it from the loaded dex files.
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
index aae0317..364b8ce 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 namespace verifier {
 
 static constexpr bool kTimeVerifyMethod = !kIsDebugBuild;
-static constexpr bool gDebugVerify = false;
+static constexpr bool kDebugVerify = false;
 // TODO: Add a constant to method_verifier to turn on verbose logging?
 
 // On VLOG(verifier), should we dump the whole state when we run into a hard failure?
@@ -114,21 +114,10 @@
   reg_line->MarkAllRegistersAsConflicts(verifier);
 }
 
-MethodVerifier::FailureKind MethodVerifier::VerifyMethod(
-    ArtMethod* method, bool allow_soft_failures, std::string* error ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) {
-  StackHandleScope<2> hs(Thread::Current());
-  mirror::Class* klass = method->GetDeclaringClass();
-  auto h_dex_cache(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetDexCache()));
-  auto h_class_loader(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetClassLoader()));
-  return VerifyMethod(hs.Self(), method->GetDexMethodIndex(), method->GetDexFile(), h_dex_cache,
-                      h_class_loader, klass->GetClassDef(), method->GetCodeItem(), method,
-                      method->GetAccessFlags(), allow_soft_failures, false);
-}
-
-
 MethodVerifier::FailureKind MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(Thread* self,
                                                         mirror::Class* klass,
                                                         bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                                        bool log_hard_failures,
                                                         std::string* error) {
   if (klass->IsVerified()) {
     return kNoFailure;
@@ -160,8 +149,91 @@
   StackHandleScope<2> hs(self);
   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetDexCache()));
   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader(hs.NewHandle(klass->GetClassLoader()));
-  return VerifyClass(
-      self, &dex_file, dex_cache, class_loader, class_def, allow_soft_failures, error);
+  return VerifyClass(self,
+                     &dex_file,
+                     dex_cache,
+                     class_loader,
+                     class_def,
+                     allow_soft_failures,
+                     log_hard_failures,
+                     error);
+}
+
+template <bool kDirect>
+static bool HasNextMethod(ClassDataItemIterator* it) {
+  return kDirect ? it->HasNextDirectMethod() : it->HasNextVirtualMethod();
+}
+
+template <bool kDirect>
+void MethodVerifier::VerifyMethods(Thread* self,
+                                   ClassLinker* linker,
+                                   const DexFile* dex_file,
+                                   const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def,
+                                   ClassDataItemIterator* it,
+                                   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
+                                   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
+                                   bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                   bool log_hard_failures,
+                                   bool need_precise_constants,
+                                   bool* hard_fail,
+                                   size_t* error_count,
+                                   std::string* error_string) {
+  DCHECK(it != nullptr);
+
+  int64_t previous_method_idx = -1;
+  while (HasNextMethod<kDirect>(it)) {
+    self->AllowThreadSuspension();
+    uint32_t method_idx = it->GetMemberIndex();
+    if (method_idx == previous_method_idx) {
+      // smali can create dex files with two encoded_methods sharing the same method_idx
+      // http://code.google.com/p/smali/issues/detail?id=119
+      it->Next();
+      continue;
+    }
+    previous_method_idx = method_idx;
+    InvokeType type = it->GetMethodInvokeType(*class_def);
+    ArtMethod* method = linker->ResolveMethod(
+        *dex_file, method_idx, dex_cache, class_loader, nullptr, type);
+    if (method == nullptr) {
+      DCHECK(self->IsExceptionPending());
+      // We couldn't resolve the method, but continue regardless.
+      self->ClearException();
+    } else {
+      DCHECK(method->GetDeclaringClassUnchecked() != nullptr) << type;
+    }
+    StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
+    std::string hard_failure_msg;
+    MethodVerifier::FailureKind result = VerifyMethod(self,
+                                                      method_idx,
+                                                      dex_file,
+                                                      dex_cache,
+                                                      class_loader,
+                                                      class_def,
+                                                      it->GetMethodCodeItem(),
+                                                      method,
+                                                      it->GetMethodAccessFlags(),
+                                                      allow_soft_failures,
+                                                      log_hard_failures,
+                                                      need_precise_constants,
+                                                      &hard_failure_msg);
+    if (result != kNoFailure) {
+      if (result == kHardFailure) {
+        if (*error_count > 0) {
+          *error_string += "\n";
+        }
+        if (!*hard_fail) {
+          *error_string += "Verifier rejected class ";
+          *error_string += PrettyDescriptor(dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(*class_def));
+          *error_string += ":";
+        }
+        *error_string += " ";
+        *error_string += hard_failure_msg;
+        *hard_fail = true;
+      }
+      *error_count = *error_count + 1;
+    }
+    it->Next();
+  }
 }
 
 MethodVerifier::FailureKind MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(Thread* self,
@@ -170,6 +242,7 @@
                                                         Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                                         const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def,
                                                         bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                                        bool log_hard_failures,
                                                         std::string* error) {
   DCHECK(class_def != nullptr);
 
@@ -193,94 +266,35 @@
   size_t error_count = 0;
   bool hard_fail = false;
   ClassLinker* linker = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
-  int64_t previous_direct_method_idx = -1;
-  while (it.HasNextDirectMethod()) {
-    self->AllowThreadSuspension();
-    uint32_t method_idx = it.GetMemberIndex();
-    if (method_idx == previous_direct_method_idx) {
-      // smali can create dex files with two encoded_methods sharing the same method_idx
-      // http://code.google.com/p/smali/issues/detail?id=119
-      it.Next();
-      continue;
-    }
-    previous_direct_method_idx = method_idx;
-    InvokeType type = it.GetMethodInvokeType(*class_def);
-    ArtMethod* method = linker->ResolveMethod(
-        *dex_file, method_idx, dex_cache, class_loader, nullptr, type);
-    if (method == nullptr) {
-      DCHECK(self->IsExceptionPending());
-      // We couldn't resolve the method, but continue regardless.
-      self->ClearException();
-    } else {
-      DCHECK(method->GetDeclaringClassUnchecked() != nullptr) << type;
-    }
-    StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
-    MethodVerifier::FailureKind result = VerifyMethod(self,
-                                                      method_idx,
-                                                      dex_file,
-                                                      dex_cache,
-                                                      class_loader,
-                                                      class_def,
-                                                      it.GetMethodCodeItem(),
-        method, it.GetMethodAccessFlags(), allow_soft_failures, false);
-    if (result != kNoFailure) {
-      if (result == kHardFailure) {
-        hard_fail = true;
-        if (error_count > 0) {
-          *error += "\n";
-        }
-        *error = "Verifier rejected class ";
-        *error += PrettyDescriptor(dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(*class_def));
-        *error += " due to bad method ";
-        *error += PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file);
-      }
-      ++error_count;
-    }
-    it.Next();
-  }
-  int64_t previous_virtual_method_idx = -1;
-  while (it.HasNextVirtualMethod()) {
-    self->AllowThreadSuspension();
-    uint32_t method_idx = it.GetMemberIndex();
-    if (method_idx == previous_virtual_method_idx) {
-      // smali can create dex files with two encoded_methods sharing the same method_idx
-      // http://code.google.com/p/smali/issues/detail?id=119
-      it.Next();
-      continue;
-    }
-    previous_virtual_method_idx = method_idx;
-    InvokeType type = it.GetMethodInvokeType(*class_def);
-    ArtMethod* method = linker->ResolveMethod(
-        *dex_file, method_idx, dex_cache, class_loader, nullptr, type);
-    if (method == nullptr) {
-      DCHECK(self->IsExceptionPending());
-      // We couldn't resolve the method, but continue regardless.
-      self->ClearException();
-    }
-    StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
-    MethodVerifier::FailureKind result = VerifyMethod(self,
-                                                      method_idx,
-                                                      dex_file,
-                                                      dex_cache,
-                                                      class_loader,
-                                                      class_def,
-                                                      it.GetMethodCodeItem(),
-        method, it.GetMethodAccessFlags(), allow_soft_failures, false);
-    if (result != kNoFailure) {
-      if (result == kHardFailure) {
-        hard_fail = true;
-        if (error_count > 0) {
-          *error += "\n";
-        }
-        *error = "Verifier rejected class ";
-        *error += PrettyDescriptor(dex_file->GetClassDescriptor(*class_def));
-        *error += " due to bad method ";
-        *error += PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file);
-      }
-      ++error_count;
-    }
-    it.Next();
-  }
+  // Direct methods.
+  VerifyMethods<true>(self,
+                      linker,
+                      dex_file,
+                      class_def,
+                      &it,
+                      dex_cache,
+                      class_loader,
+                      allow_soft_failures,
+                      log_hard_failures,
+                      false /* need precise constants */,
+                      &hard_fail,
+                      &error_count,
+                      error);
+  // Virtual methods.
+  VerifyMethods<false>(self,
+                      linker,
+                      dex_file,
+                      class_def,
+                      &it,
+                      dex_cache,
+                      class_loader,
+                      allow_soft_failures,
+                      log_hard_failures,
+                      false /* need precise constants */,
+                      &hard_fail,
+                      &error_count,
+                      error);
+
   if (error_count == 0) {
     return kNoFailure;
   } else {
@@ -299,7 +313,8 @@
   return registers_size * insns_size > 4*1024*1024;
 }
 
-MethodVerifier::FailureKind MethodVerifier::VerifyMethod(Thread* self, uint32_t method_idx,
+MethodVerifier::FailureKind MethodVerifier::VerifyMethod(Thread* self,
+                                                         uint32_t method_idx,
                                                          const DexFile* dex_file,
                                                          Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                                          Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
@@ -308,7 +323,9 @@
                                                          ArtMethod* method,
                                                          uint32_t method_access_flags,
                                                          bool allow_soft_failures,
-                                                         bool need_precise_constants) {
+                                                         bool log_hard_failures,
+                                                         bool need_precise_constants,
+                                                         std::string* hard_failure_msg) {
   MethodVerifier::FailureKind result = kNoFailure;
   uint64_t start_ns = kTimeVerifyMethod ? NanoTime() : 0;
 
@@ -321,8 +338,8 @@
     CHECK(!verifier.have_pending_hard_failure_);
     if (verifier.failures_.size() != 0) {
       if (VLOG_IS_ON(verifier)) {
-          verifier.DumpFailures(VLOG_STREAM(verifier) << "Soft verification failures in "
-                                << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file) << "\n");
+        verifier.DumpFailures(VLOG_STREAM(verifier) << "Soft verification failures in "
+                                                    << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file) << "\n");
       }
       result = kSoftFailure;
     }
@@ -336,11 +353,18 @@
       result = kSoftFailure;
     } else {
       CHECK(verifier.have_pending_hard_failure_);
-      verifier.DumpFailures(LOG(INFO) << "Verification error in "
-                                      << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file) << "\n");
+      if (VLOG_IS_ON(verifier) || log_hard_failures) {
+        verifier.DumpFailures(LOG(INFO) << "Verification error in "
+                                        << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *dex_file) << "\n");
+      }
+      if (hard_failure_msg != nullptr) {
+        CHECK(!verifier.failure_messages_.empty());
+        *hard_failure_msg =
+            verifier.failure_messages_[verifier.failure_messages_.size() - 1]->str();
+      }
       result = kHardFailure;
     }
-    if (gDebugVerify) {
+    if (kDebugVerify) {
       std::cout << "\n" << verifier.info_messages_.str();
       verifier.Dump(std::cout);
     }
@@ -1741,7 +1765,7 @@
     GetInstructionFlags(insn_idx).ClearChanged();
   }
 
-  if (gDebugVerify) {
+  if (kDebugVerify) {
     /*
      * Scan for dead code. There's nothing "evil" about dead code
      * (besides the wasted space), but it indicates a flaw somewhere
@@ -1874,7 +1898,7 @@
 
   int32_t branch_target = 0;
   bool just_set_result = false;
-  if (gDebugVerify) {
+  if (kDebugVerify) {
     // Generate processing back trace to debug verifier
     LogVerifyInfo() << "Processing " << inst->DumpString(dex_file_) << "\n"
                     << work_line_->Dump(this) << "\n";
@@ -4663,7 +4687,7 @@
     }
   } else {
     ArenaUniquePtr<RegisterLine> copy;
-    if (gDebugVerify) {
+    if (kDebugVerify) {
       copy.reset(RegisterLine::Create(target_line->NumRegs(), this));
       copy->CopyFromLine(target_line);
     }
@@ -4671,7 +4695,7 @@
     if (have_pending_hard_failure_) {
       return false;
     }
-    if (gDebugVerify && changed) {
+    if (kDebugVerify && changed) {
       LogVerifyInfo() << "Merging at [" << reinterpret_cast<void*>(work_insn_idx_) << "]"
                       << " to [" << reinterpret_cast<void*>(next_insn) << "]: " << "\n"
                       << copy->Dump(this) << "  MERGE\n"
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
index 7b51d6e..719f0d7 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier.h
@@ -139,14 +139,20 @@
   };
 
   /* Verify a class. Returns "kNoFailure" on success. */
-  static FailureKind VerifyClass(Thread* self, mirror::Class* klass, bool allow_soft_failures,
+  static FailureKind VerifyClass(Thread* self,
+                                 mirror::Class* klass,
+                                 bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                 bool log_hard_failures,
                                  std::string* error)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
-  static FailureKind VerifyClass(Thread* self, const DexFile* dex_file,
+  static FailureKind VerifyClass(Thread* self,
+                                 const DexFile* dex_file,
                                  Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                  Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                  const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def,
-                                 bool allow_soft_failures, std::string* error)
+                                 bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                 bool log_hard_failures,
+                                 std::string* error)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   static MethodVerifier* VerifyMethodAndDump(Thread* self,
@@ -160,9 +166,6 @@
                                              uint32_t method_access_flags)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
-  static FailureKind VerifyMethod(ArtMethod* method, bool allow_soft_failures,
-                                  std::string* error) SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
-
   uint8_t EncodePcToReferenceMapData() const;
 
   uint32_t DexFileVersion() const {
@@ -310,6 +313,24 @@
   // Adds the given string to the end of the last failure message.
   void AppendToLastFailMessage(std::string);
 
+  // Verify all direct or virtual methods of a class. The method assumes that the iterator is
+  // positioned correctly, and the iterator will be updated.
+  template <bool kDirect>
+  static void VerifyMethods(Thread* self,
+                            ClassLinker* linker,
+                            const DexFile* dex_file,
+                            const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def,
+                            ClassDataItemIterator* it,
+                            Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
+                            Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
+                            bool allow_soft_failures,
+                            bool log_hard_failures,
+                            bool need_precise_constants,
+                            bool* hard_fail,
+                            size_t* error_count,
+                            std::string* error_string)
+      SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
+
   /*
    * Perform verification on a single method.
    *
@@ -321,13 +342,18 @@
    *  (3) Iterate through the method, checking type safety and looking
    *      for code flow problems.
    */
-  static FailureKind VerifyMethod(Thread* self, uint32_t method_idx, const DexFile* dex_file,
+  static FailureKind VerifyMethod(Thread* self, uint32_t method_idx,
+                                  const DexFile* dex_file,
                                   Handle<mirror::DexCache> dex_cache,
                                   Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader,
                                   const DexFile::ClassDef* class_def_idx,
                                   const DexFile::CodeItem* code_item,
-                                  ArtMethod* method, uint32_t method_access_flags,
-                                  bool allow_soft_failures, bool need_precise_constants)
+                                  ArtMethod* method,
+                                  uint32_t method_access_flags,
+                                  bool allow_soft_failures,
+                                  bool log_hard_failures,
+                                  bool need_precise_constants,
+                                  std::string* hard_failure_msg)
       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
 
   void FindLocksAtDexPc() SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
diff --git a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
index 2ab6b4a..c4123d5 100644
--- a/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
+++ b/runtime/verifier/method_verifier_test.cc
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
     // Verify the class
     std::string error_msg;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(self, klass, true, &error_msg) == MethodVerifier::kNoFailure)
+    ASSERT_TRUE(MethodVerifier::VerifyClass(self, klass, true, true, &error_msg) == MethodVerifier::kNoFailure)
         << error_msg;
   }
 
diff --git a/test/117-nopatchoat/nopatchoat.cc b/test/117-nopatchoat/nopatchoat.cc
index 3e533ad..b6b1c43 100644
--- a/test/117-nopatchoat/nopatchoat.cc
+++ b/test/117-nopatchoat/nopatchoat.cc
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   }
 
   static bool isRelocationDeltaZero() {
-    gc::space::ImageSpace* space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+    gc::space::ImageSpace* space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
     return space != nullptr && space->GetImageHeader().GetPatchDelta() == 0;
   }
 
diff --git a/test/137-cfi/cfi.cc b/test/137-cfi/cfi.cc
index 78f8842..7762b2d 100644
--- a/test/137-cfi/cfi.cc
+++ b/test/137-cfi/cfi.cc
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 // detecting this.
 #if __linux__
 static bool IsPicImage() {
-  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetImageSpace();
+  gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->GetBootImageSpace();
   CHECK(image_space != nullptr);  // We should be running with an image.
   const OatFile* oat_file = image_space->GetOatFile();
   CHECK(oat_file != nullptr);     // We should have an oat file to go with the image.
diff --git a/test/442-checker-constant-folding/src/Main.java b/test/442-checker-constant-folding/src/Main.java
index 59e7282..43bc9d0 100644
--- a/test/442-checker-constant-folding/src/Main.java
+++ b/test/442-checker-constant-folding/src/Main.java
@@ -659,6 +659,33 @@
 
 
   /**
+   * Exercise constant folding on constant (static) condition for null references.
+   */
+
+  /// CHECK-START: int Main.StaticConditionNulls() constant_folding_after_inlining (before)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:     <<Null:l\d+>>    NullConstant
+  /// CHECK-DAG:     <<Cond:z\d+>>    NotEqual [<<Null>>,<<Null>>]
+  /// CHECK-DAG:                      If [<<Cond>>]
+
+  /// CHECK-START: int Main.StaticConditionNulls() constant_folding_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0:i\d+>>  IntConstant 0
+  /// CHECK-DAG:                      If [<<Const0>>]
+
+  /// CHECK-START: int Main.StaticConditionNulls() constant_folding_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:                      NotEqual
+
+  private static Object getNull() {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public static int StaticConditionNulls() {
+    Object a = getNull();
+    Object b = getNull();
+    return (a == b) ? 5 : 2;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
    * Exercise constant folding on a program with condition
    * (i.e. jumps) leading to the creation of many blocks.
    *
@@ -1208,6 +1235,7 @@
     assertLongEquals(9, XorLongInt());
 
     assertIntEquals(5, StaticCondition());
+    assertIntEquals(5, StaticConditionNulls());
 
     assertIntEquals(7, JumpsAndConditionals(true));
     assertIntEquals(3, JumpsAndConditionals(false));
diff --git a/test/450-checker-types/src/Main.java b/test/450-checker-types/src/Main.java
index f1885de..accf70b 100644
--- a/test/450-checker-types/src/Main.java
+++ b/test/450-checker-types/src/Main.java
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@
   /// CHECK:      <<Invoke:l\d+>>    InvokeStaticOrDirect klass:SubclassC exact:false
   /// CHECK-NEXT:                    Return [<<Invoke>>]
 
-  /// CHECK-START: SubclassC Main.inlineGenerics() reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: SubclassC Main.inlineGenerics() inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      <<BoundType:l\d+>> BoundType klass:SubclassC exact:false
   /// CHECK:                         Return [<<BoundType>>]
   private SubclassC inlineGenerics() {
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
   /// CHECK:      <<Invoke:l\d+>>    InvokeStaticOrDirect klass:Final exact:true
   /// CHECK-NEXT:                    Return [<<Invoke>>]
 
-  /// CHECK-START: Final Main.inlineGenericsFinal() reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: Final Main.inlineGenericsFinal() inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      <<BoundType:l\d+>> BoundType klass:Final exact:true
   /// CHECK:                         Return [<<BoundType>>]
   private Final inlineGenericsFinal() {
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@
     return f;
   }
 
-  /// CHECK-START: void Main.boundOnlyOnceIfNotNull(java.lang.Object) reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.boundOnlyOnceIfNotNull(java.lang.Object) inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      BoundType
   /// CHECK-NOT:  BoundType
   private void boundOnlyOnceIfNotNull(Object o) {
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  /// CHECK-START: void Main.boundOnlyOnceIfInstanceOf(java.lang.Object) reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.boundOnlyOnceIfInstanceOf(java.lang.Object) inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      BoundType
   /// CHECK-NOT:  BoundType
   private void boundOnlyOnceIfInstanceOf(Object o) {
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  /// CHECK-START: Final Main.boundOnlyOnceCheckCast(Generic) reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: Final Main.boundOnlyOnceCheckCast(Generic) inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      BoundType
   /// CHECK-NOT:  BoundType
   private Final boundOnlyOnceCheckCast(Generic<Final> o) {
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
   /// CHECK:      <<Phi:l\d+>> Phi klass:Super
   /// CHECK:                   NullCheck [<<Phi>>] klass:Super
 
-  /// CHECK-START: void Main.updateNodesInTheSameBlockAsPhi(boolean) reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.updateNodesInTheSameBlockAsPhi(boolean) inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      <<Phi:l\d+>> Phi klass:SubclassA
   /// CHECK:                   NullCheck [<<Phi>>] klass:SubclassA
   private void updateNodesInTheSameBlockAsPhi(boolean cond) {
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@
     s.$noinline$f();
   }
 
-  /// CHECK-START: java.lang.String Main.checkcastPreserveNullCheck(java.lang.Object) reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (after)
+  /// CHECK-START: java.lang.String Main.checkcastPreserveNullCheck(java.lang.Object) inliner (after)
   /// CHECK:      <<This:l\d+>>     ParameterValue
   /// CHECK:      <<Param:l\d+>>    ParameterValue
   /// CHECK:      <<Clazz:l\d+>>    LoadClass
@@ -548,6 +548,51 @@
   private void argumentCheck(Super s, double d, SubclassA a, Final f) {
   }
 
+  /// CHECK-START: Main Main.getMain(boolean) reference_type_propagation (after)
+  /// CHECK:      <<Phi:l\d+>>       Phi klass:java.lang.Object
+  /// CHECK:                         Return [<<Phi>>]
+  private Main getMain(boolean cond) {
+    return cond ? null : new Main();
+  }
+
+  private Main getNull() {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  private int mainField = 0;
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinerWidensReturnType(boolean) inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:      <<Int:i\d+>>       IntConstant 0
+  /// CHECK:      <<Invoke:l\d+>>    InvokeStaticOrDirect klass:Main
+  /// CHECK:      <<NullCheck:l\d+>> NullCheck [<<Invoke>>] klass:Main exact:false
+  /// CHECK:                         InstanceFieldSet [<<NullCheck>>,<<Int>>]
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinerWidensReturnType(boolean) inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK:      <<Int:i\d+>>       IntConstant 0
+  /// CHECK:      <<Phi:l\d+>>       Phi klass:java.lang.Object
+  /// CHECK:      <<NullCheck:l\d+>> NullCheck [<<Phi>>] klass:Main exact:false
+  /// CHECK:                         InstanceFieldSet [<<NullCheck>>,<<Int>>]
+  private void testInlinerWidensReturnType(boolean cond) {
+    Main o = getMain(cond);
+    o.mainField = 0;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinerReturnsNull() inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:      <<Int:i\d+>>       IntConstant 0
+  /// CHECK:      <<Invoke:l\d+>>    InvokeStaticOrDirect klass:Main
+  /// CHECK:      <<NullCheck:l\d+>> NullCheck [<<Invoke>>] klass:Main exact:false
+  /// CHECK:                         InstanceFieldSet [<<NullCheck>>,<<Int>>]
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinerReturnsNull() inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK:      <<Int:i\d+>>       IntConstant 0
+  /// CHECK:      <<Null:l\d+>>      NullConstant klass:java.lang.Object
+  /// CHECK:      <<NullCheck:l\d+>> NullCheck [<<Null>>] klass:Main exact:false
+  /// CHECK:                         InstanceFieldSet [<<NullCheck>>,<<Int>>]
+  private void testInlinerReturnsNull() {
+    Main o = getNull();
+    o.mainField = 0;
+  }
+
   public static void main(String[] args) {
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/530-checker-regression-reftype-final/smali/TestCase.smali b/test/530-checker-regression-reftype-final/smali/TestCase.smali
index 8fd7bb7..44facfc 100644
--- a/test/530-checker-regression-reftype-final/smali/TestCase.smali
+++ b/test/530-checker-regression-reftype-final/smali/TestCase.smali
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 # inline any methods from array classes, this bug cannot be triggered and we
 # verify it using Checker.
 
-## CHECK-START: void TestCase.testInliner() reference_type_propagation_after_inlining (before)
+## CHECK-START: void TestCase.testInliner() inliner (after)
 ## CHECK-DAG:             CheckCast [<<Phi:l\d+>>,{{l\d+}}]
 ## CHECK-DAG:    <<Phi>>  Phi klass:java.lang.Object[] exact:false
 
diff --git a/test/538-checker-embed-constants/src/Main.java b/test/538-checker-embed-constants/src/Main.java
index 979c4c8..12f0380 100644
--- a/test/538-checker-embed-constants/src/Main.java
+++ b/test/538-checker-embed-constants/src/Main.java
@@ -260,6 +260,179 @@
     return arg ^ 0xf00000000000000fL;
   }
 
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl2(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsl{{s?|.w}} <<oh:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #2
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<oh>>, <<oh>>, <<low:r\d+>>, lsr #30
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<low>>, #2
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl2(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shl2(long arg) {
+    // Note: Shl(x, 1) is transformed to Add(x, x), so test Shl(x, 2).
+    return arg << 2;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsl{{s?|.w}} <<oh:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #31
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<oh>>, <<oh>>, <<low:r\d+>>, lsr #1
+  /// CHECK:                lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<low>>, #31
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shl31(long arg) {
+    return arg << 31;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsl{{s?|.w}}
+
+  public static long shl32(long arg) {
+    return arg << 32;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high:r\d+>>, #1
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shl33(long arg) {
+    return arg << 33;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high:r\d+>>, #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shl63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsl{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shl63(long arg) {
+    return arg << 63;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr1(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsr{{s?|.w}} <<ol:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #1
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<ol>>, <<ol>>, <<high:r\d+>>, lsl #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #1
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr1(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shr1(long arg) {
+    return arg >> 1;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsr{{s?|.w}} <<ol:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #31
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<ol>>, <<ol>>, <<high:r\d+>>, lsl #1
+  /// CHECK:                asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #31
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shr31(long arg) {
+    return arg >> 31;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high:r\d+>>, #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov {{r\d+}}, <<high>>
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}}
+
+  public static long shr32(long arg) {
+    return arg >> 32;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high:r\d+>>, #1
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #31
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shr33(long arg) {
+    return arg >> 33;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high:r\d+>>, #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #31
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.shr63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            asr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long shr63(long arg) {
+    return arg >> 63;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr1(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsr{{s?|.w}} <<ol:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #1
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<ol>>, <<ol>>, <<high:r\d+>>, lsl #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #1
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr1(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long ushr1(long arg) {
+    return arg >>> 1;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK:                lsr{{s?|.w}} <<ol:r\d+>>, {{r\d+}}, #31
+  /// CHECK:                orr.w <<ol>>, <<ol>>, <<high:r\d+>>, lsl #1
+  /// CHECK:                lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, <<high>>, #31
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr31(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long ushr31(long arg) {
+    return arg >>> 31;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr32(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}}
+
+  public static long ushr32(long arg) {
+    return arg >>> 32;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, #1
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr33(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long ushr33(long arg) {
+    return arg >>> 33;
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, #31
+  /// CHECK-DAG:            mov{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, #0
+
+  /// CHECK-START-ARM: long Main.ushr63(long) disassembly (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:            lsr{{s?|.w}} {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}, {{r\d+}}
+
+  public static long ushr63(long arg) {
+    return arg >>> 63;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Test that the `-1` constant is not synthesized in a register and that we
    * instead simply switch between `add` and `sub` instructions with the
@@ -311,5 +484,38 @@
     assertLongEquals(xor0xf00000000000000f(longArg), 0xe23456788765432eL);
 
     assertLongEquals(14, addM1(7));
+
+    assertLongEquals(shl2(longArg), 0x48d159e21d950c84L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl31(longArg), 0x43b2a19080000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl32(longArg), 0x8765432100000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl33(longArg), 0x0eca864200000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl63(longArg), 0x8000000000000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl2(~longArg), 0xb72ea61de26af378L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl31(~longArg), 0xbc4d5e6f00000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl32(~longArg), 0x789abcde00000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl33(~longArg), 0xf13579bc00000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shl63(~longArg), 0x0000000000000000L);
+
+    assertLongEquals(shr1(longArg), 0x091a2b3c43b2a190L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr31(longArg), 0x000000002468acf1L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr32(longArg), 0x0000000012345678L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr33(longArg), 0x00000000091a2b3cL);
+    assertLongEquals(shr63(longArg), 0x0000000000000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr1(~longArg), 0xf6e5d4c3bc4d5e6fL);
+    assertLongEquals(shr31(~longArg), 0xffffffffdb97530eL);
+    assertLongEquals(shr32(~longArg), 0xffffffffedcba987L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr33(~longArg), 0xfffffffff6e5d4c3L);
+    assertLongEquals(shr63(~longArg), 0xffffffffffffffffL);
+
+    assertLongEquals(ushr1(longArg), 0x091a2b3c43b2a190L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr31(longArg), 0x000000002468acf1L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr32(longArg), 0x0000000012345678L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr33(longArg), 0x00000000091a2b3cL);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr63(longArg), 0x0000000000000000L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr1(~longArg), 0x76e5d4c3bc4d5e6fL);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr31(~longArg), 0x00000001db97530eL);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr32(~longArg), 0x00000000edcba987L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr33(~longArg), 0x0000000076e5d4c3L);
+    assertLongEquals(ushr63(~longArg), 0x0000000000000001L);
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/expected.txt b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/expected.txt
diff --git a/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/info.txt b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e541938
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Tests removal of try/catch blocks by DCE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/smali/TestCase.smali b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/smali/TestCase.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44e907d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/smali/TestCase.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+.class public LTestCase;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method private static $inline$False()Z
+    .registers 1
+    const/4 v0, 0x0
+    return v0
+.end method
+
+# Test a case when one entering TryBoundary is dead but the rest of the try
+# block remains live.
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadEntry(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK: Add
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadEntry(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:entry
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadEntry(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK-NOT: Add
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadEntry(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:entry
+
+.method public static testDeadEntry(IIII)I
+    .registers 5
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    if-eqz v0, :else
+
+    add-int/2addr p0, p1
+
+    :try_start
+    div-int/2addr p0, p2
+
+    :else
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+    :try_end
+    .catchall {:try_start .. :try_end} :catch_all
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    const/4 p0, -0x1
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
+
+# Test a case when one exiting TryBoundary is dead but the rest of the try
+# block remains live.
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadExit(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK: Add
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadExit(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:exit
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadExit(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK-NOT: Add
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testDeadExit(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:exit
+
+.method public static testDeadExit(IIII)I
+    .registers 5
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    :try_start
+    div-int/2addr p0, p2
+
+    if-nez v0, :else
+
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+    goto :return
+    :try_end
+    .catchall {:try_start .. :try_end} :catch_all
+
+    :else
+    add-int/2addr p0, p1
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    const/4 p0, -0x1
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
+
+# Test that a catch block remains live and consistent if some of try blocks
+# throwing into it are removed.
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testOneTryBlockDead(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:entry
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testOneTryBlockDead(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:exit
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testOneTryBlockDead(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:entry
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:entry
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testOneTryBlockDead(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK:     TryBoundary kind:exit
+## CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary kind:exit
+
+.method public static testOneTryBlockDead(IIII)I
+    .registers 5
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    :try_start_1
+    div-int/2addr p0, p2
+    :try_end_1
+    .catchall {:try_start_1 .. :try_end_1} :catch_all
+
+    if-eqz v0, :return
+
+    :try_start_2
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+    :try_end_2
+    .catchall {:try_start_2 .. :try_end_2} :catch_all
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    const/4 p0, -0x1
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
+
+# Test that try block membership is recomputed. In this test case, the try entry
+# stored with the merge block gets deleted and SSAChecker would fail if it was
+# not replaced with the try entry from the live branch.
+
+.method public static testRecomputeTryMembership(IIII)I
+    .registers 5
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    if-eqz v0, :else
+
+    # Dead branch
+    :try_start
+    div-int/2addr p0, p1
+    goto :merge
+
+    # Live branch
+    :else
+    div-int/2addr p0, p2
+
+    # Merge block. Make complex so it does not get merged with the live branch.
+    :merge
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+    if-eqz p0, :else2
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+    :else2
+    :try_end
+    .catchall {:try_start .. :try_end} :catch_all
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    const/4 p0, -0x1
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
+
+# Test that DCE removes catch phi uses of instructions defined in dead try blocks.
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedInTryBlock(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Arg0:i\d+>>     ParameterValue
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Arg1:i\d+>>     ParameterValue
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xa:i\d+>> IntConstant 10
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xb:i\d+>> IntConstant 11
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xc:i\d+>> IntConstant 12
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xd:i\d+>> IntConstant 13
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xe:i\d+>> IntConstant 14
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Add:i\d+>>      Add [<<Arg0>>,<<Arg1>>]
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xa>>,<<Const0xb>>,<<Const0xd>>] reg:1 is_catch_phi:true
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Add>>,<<Const0xc>>,<<Const0xe>>] reg:2 is_catch_phi:true
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedInTryBlock(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xb:i\d+>> IntConstant 11
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xc:i\d+>> IntConstant 12
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xd:i\d+>> IntConstant 13
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xe:i\d+>> IntConstant 14
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xb>>,<<Const0xd>>] reg:1 is_catch_phi:true
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xc>>,<<Const0xe>>] reg:2 is_catch_phi:true
+
+.method public static testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedInTryBlock(IIII)I
+    .registers 7
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    if-eqz v0, :else
+
+    shr-int/2addr p2, p3
+
+    :try_start
+    const v1, 0xa           # dead catch phi input, defined in entry block
+    add-int v2, p0, p1      # dead catch phi input, defined in the dead block
+    div-int/2addr p0, v2
+
+    :else
+    const v1, 0xb           # live catch phi input
+    const v2, 0xc           # live catch phi input
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+
+    const v1, 0xd           # live catch phi input
+    const v2, 0xe           # live catch phi input
+    div-int/2addr p0, p1
+    :try_end
+    .catchall {:try_start .. :try_end} :catch_all
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    sub-int p0, v1, v2      # use catch phi values
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
+
+# Test that DCE does not remove catch phi uses of instructions defined outside
+# dead try blocks.
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedOutsideTryBlock(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (before)
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Arg0:i\d+>>     ParameterValue
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Arg1:i\d+>>     ParameterValue
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xa:i\d+>> IntConstant 10
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xb:i\d+>> IntConstant 11
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xc:i\d+>> IntConstant 12
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xd:i\d+>> IntConstant 13
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xe:i\d+>> IntConstant 14
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xf:i\d+>> IntConstant 15
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xa>>,<<Const0xb>>,<<Const0xd>>] reg:1 is_catch_phi:true
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xf>>,<<Const0xc>>,<<Const0xe>>] reg:2 is_catch_phi:true
+
+## CHECK-START: int TestCase.testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedOutsideTryBlock(int, int, int, int) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xa:i\d+>> IntConstant 10
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xb:i\d+>> IntConstant 11
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xc:i\d+>> IntConstant 12
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xd:i\d+>> IntConstant 13
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xe:i\d+>> IntConstant 14
+## CHECK-DAG:     <<Const0xf:i\d+>> IntConstant 15
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xa>>,<<Const0xb>>,<<Const0xd>>] reg:1 is_catch_phi:true
+## CHECK-DAG:                       Phi [<<Const0xf>>,<<Const0xc>>,<<Const0xe>>] reg:2 is_catch_phi:true
+
+.method public static testCatchPhiInputs_DefinedOutsideTryBlock(IIII)I
+    .registers 7
+
+    invoke-static {}, LTestCase;->$inline$False()Z
+    move-result v0
+
+    if-eqz v0, :else
+
+    shr-int/2addr p2, p3
+
+    :try_start
+    const v1, 0xa           # dead catch phi input, defined in entry block
+    const v2, 0xf           # dead catch phi input, defined in entry block
+    div-int/2addr p0, v2
+
+    :else
+    const v1, 0xb           # live catch phi input
+    const v2, 0xc           # live catch phi input
+    div-int/2addr p0, p3
+
+    const v1, 0xd           # live catch phi input
+    const v2, 0xe           # live catch phi input
+    div-int/2addr p0, p1
+    :try_end
+    .catchall {:try_start .. :try_end} :catch_all
+
+    :return
+    return p0
+
+    :catch_all
+    sub-int p0, v1, v2      # use catch phi values
+    goto :return
+
+.end method
diff --git a/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/src/Main.java b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/src/Main.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e73d0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/543-checker-dce-trycatch/src/Main.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public class Main {
+
+  // Workaround for b/18051191.
+  class InnerClass {}
+
+  static boolean $inline$False() { return false; }
+
+  // DCE should only merge blocks where the first ends with a Goto.
+  // SSAChecker will fail if the following Throw->TryBoundary blocks are merged.
+  public static void doNotMergeThrow(String str) {
+    try {
+      throw new Exception(str);
+    } catch (Exception ex) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Test deletion of all try/catch blocks. Multiple catch blocks test deletion
+  // where TryBoundary still has exception handler successors after having removed
+  // some already.
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testDeadTryCatch(boolean) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT: TryBoundary
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testDeadTryCatch(boolean) dead_code_elimination_final (after)
+  /// CHECK: begin_block
+  /// CHECK: begin_block
+  /// CHECK: begin_block
+  /// CHECK-NOT: begin_block
+
+  public static void testDeadTryCatch(boolean val) {
+    if ($inline$False()) {
+      try {
+        if (val) {
+          throw new ArithmeticException();
+        } else {
+          throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException();
+        }
+      } catch (ArithmeticException ex) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected AE catch");
+      } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
+        System.out.println("Unexpected AIIOB catch");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/expected.txt b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/expected.txt
diff --git a/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/info.txt b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3255d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Test that inlining works when code preventing inlining is eliminated by DCE.
diff --git a/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/src/Main.java b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/src/Main.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38fdcc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/548-checker-inlining-and-dce/src/Main.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public class Main {
+
+  private void inlinedForNull(Iterable it) {
+    if (it != null) {
+      // We're not inlining invoke-interface at the moment.
+      it.iterator();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void inlinedForFalse(boolean value, Iterable it) {
+    if (value) {
+      // We're not inlining invoke-interface at the moment.
+      it.iterator();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForFalseInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForFalseInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:                      InvokeStaticOrDirect
+  /// CHECK-NOT:                      InvokeInterface
+
+  public void testInlinedForFalseInlined(Iterable it) {
+    inlinedForFalse(false, it);
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForFalseNotInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForFalseNotInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  public void testInlinedForFalseNotInlined(Iterable it) {
+    inlinedForFalse(true, it);
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForNullInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForNullInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK-NOT:                      InvokeStaticOrDirect
+  /// CHECK-NOT:                      InvokeInterface
+
+  public void testInlinedForNullInlined(Iterable it) {
+    inlinedForNull(null);
+  }
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForNullNotInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (before)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  /// CHECK-START: void Main.testInlinedForNullNotInlined(java.lang.Iterable) inliner (after)
+  /// CHECK:                          InvokeStaticOrDirect
+
+  public void testInlinedForNullNotInlined(Iterable it) {
+    inlinedForNull(it);
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    Main m = new Main();
+    Iterable it = new Iterable() {
+      public java.util.Iterator iterator() { return null; }
+    };
+    m.testInlinedForFalseInlined(it);
+    m.testInlinedForFalseNotInlined(it);
+    m.testInlinedForNullInlined(it);
+    m.testInlinedForNullNotInlined(it);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/960-default-smali/build b/test/960-default-smali/build
index 3946de3..4dc848c 100755
--- a/test/960-default-smali/build
+++ b/test/960-default-smali/build
@@ -20,18 +20,19 @@
 # Generate the smali Main.smali file or fail
 ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/test/utils/python/generate_smali_main.py ./smali
 
-USES_JAVA="false"
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
 if [[ $ARGS == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
-  USES_JAVA="true"
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
 elif [[ "$USE_JACK" == "true" ]]; then
   if $JACK -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 >& /dev/null; then
-    USES_JAVA="true"
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
   else
     echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
   fi
 fi
 
-if [[ "$USES_JAVA" == "true" ]]; then
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
   # We are compiling java code, create it.
   mkdir -p src
   ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
diff --git a/test/961-default-iface-resolution-generated/build b/test/961-default-iface-resolution-generated/build
index 03cc624..b4ced3e 100755
--- a/test/961-default-iface-resolution-generated/build
+++ b/test/961-default-iface-resolution-generated/build
@@ -31,18 +31,19 @@
 # Generate the smali files and expected.txt or fail
 ./util-src/generate_smali.py ./smali ./expected.txt
 
-USES_JAVA="false"
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
 if [[ $ARGS == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
-  USES_JAVA="true"
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
 elif [[ $USE_JACK == "true" ]]; then
   if "$JACK" -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 >& /dev/null; then
-    USES_JAVA="true"
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
   else
     echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
   fi
 fi
 
-if [[ "$USES_JAVA" == "true" ]]; then
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
   # We are compiling java code, create it.
   mkdir -p src
   ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
diff --git a/test/962-iface-static/build b/test/962-iface-static/build
index 24e2feb..e17272f 100755
--- a/test/962-iface-static/build
+++ b/test/962-iface-static/build
@@ -17,18 +17,19 @@
 # make us exit on a failure
 set -e
 
-USES_JAVA="false"
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
 if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
-  USES_JAVA="true"
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
 elif [[ "$USE_JACK" == "true" ]]; then
   if $JACK -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 2>/dev/null; then
-    USES_JAVA="true"
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
   else
     echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
   fi
 fi
 
-if [[ "$USES_JAVA" == "true" ]]; then
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
   # We are compiling java code, create it.
   mkdir -p src
   ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
diff --git a/test/963-default-range-smali/build b/test/963-default-range-smali/build
index 24e2feb..e17272f 100755
--- a/test/963-default-range-smali/build
+++ b/test/963-default-range-smali/build
@@ -17,18 +17,19 @@
 # make us exit on a failure
 set -e
 
-USES_JAVA="false"
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
 if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
-  USES_JAVA="true"
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
 elif [[ "$USE_JACK" == "true" ]]; then
   if $JACK -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 2>/dev/null; then
-    USES_JAVA="true"
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
   else
     echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
   fi
 fi
 
-if [[ "$USES_JAVA" == "true" ]]; then
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
   # We are compiling java code, create it.
   mkdir -p src
   ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
diff --git a/test/964-default-iface-init-generated/build b/test/964-default-iface-init-generated/build
index d916f1b..0780da1 100755
--- a/test/964-default-iface-init-generated/build
+++ b/test/964-default-iface-init-generated/build
@@ -29,18 +29,19 @@
 # Generate the smali files and expected.txt or fail
 ./util-src/generate_smali.py ./smali ./expected.txt
 
-USES_JAVA="false"
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
 if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
-  USES_JAVA="true"
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
 elif [[ "$USE_JACK" == "true" ]]; then
   if $JACK -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 2>/dev/null; then
-    USES_JAVA="true"
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
   else
     echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
   fi
 fi
 
-if [[ "$USES_JAVA" == "true" ]]; then
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
   # We are compiling java code, create it.
   mkdir -p src
   ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/build b/test/965-default-verify/build
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5ba5438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/build
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# make us exit on a failure
+set -e
+
+# Should we compile with Java source code. By default we will use Smali.
+USES_JAVA_SOURCE="false"
+if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
+  USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
+elif [[ "$USE_JACK" == "true" ]]; then
+  if $JACK -D jack.java.source.version=1.8 2>/dev/null; then
+    USES_JAVA_SOURCE="true"
+  else
+    echo "WARNING: Cannot use jack because it does not support JLS 1.8. Falling back to smali" >&2
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [[ "$USES_JAVA_SOURCE" == "true" ]]; then
+  # We are compiling Java code, create it.
+  mkdir -p src
+  mkdir -p src2
+  ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
+  # Move build-src to src and the src copies to src2. This is needed because of
+  # how our default build script works and we wanted the java and smali code
+  # to be the same in the smali files.
+  for f in `find ./build-src -type f -name "*.java" | xargs -i basename \{\}`; do
+    mv ./src/$f ./src2/$f
+    mv ./build-src/$f ./src/$f
+  done
+  # Ignore the smali directory.
+  EXTRA_ARGS="--no-smali"
+fi
+
+./default-build "$@" "$EXTRA_ARGS" --experimental default-methods
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/build-src/Statics.java b/test/965-default-verify/build-src/Statics.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..300aeec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/build-src/Statics.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+class Statics {
+  public static void nonexistantFunction() {
+      System.out.println("I don't exist");
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/expected.txt b/test/965-default-verify/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b31314f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/expected.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+Create Main instance
+Calling functions on concrete Main
+Calling verifiable function on Main
+Hello
+Calling unverifiable function on Main
+Expected NSME Thrown on Main
+Calling verifiable function on Main
+Hello
+Calling functions on interface Iface
+Calling verifiable function on Iface
+Hello
+Calling unverifiable function on Iface
+Expected NSME Thrown on Iface
+Calling verifiable function on Iface
+Hello
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/info.txt b/test/965-default-verify/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ccabf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Smali-based tests for verification interaction with experimental interface
+default methods.
+
+build-src contains java files that are needed if you are to compile with javac
+since it is much more proactive about finding likely runtime errors then smali.
+
+To run with --jvm you must export JAVA_HOME to a Java 8 Language installation
+and pass the --use-java-home to run-test
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/run b/test/965-default-verify/run
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8944ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/run
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+${RUN} "$@" --experimental default-methods
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/smali/Iface.smali b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Iface.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74799a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Iface.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface {
+#   public default String sayHi() {
+#       return "Hello";
+#   }
+#
+#   public default void verificationSoftFail() {
+#       Statics.nonexistantFunction();
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "Hello"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
+
+.method public verificationSoftFail()V
+    .locals 1
+    invoke-static {}, LStatics;->nonexistantFunction()V
+    return-void
+.end method
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/smali/Main.smali b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Main.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e90706
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Main.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# class Main implements Iface {
+#   public static void main(String[] args) {
+#       System.out.println("Create Main instance");
+#       Main m = new Main();
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on concrete Main");
+#       callMain(m);
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on interface Iface");
+#       callIface(m);
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callMain(Main m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling verifiable function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#       System.out.println("Calling unverifiable function on Main");
+#       try {
+#           m.verificationSoftFail();
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (NoSuchMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected NSME Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (Throwable e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected Error Thrown on Main");
+#           e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling verifiable function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#       return;
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callIface(Iface m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling verifiable function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#       System.out.println("Calling unverifiable function on Iface");
+#       try {
+#           m.verificationSoftFail();
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (NoSuchMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected NSME Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (Throwable e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected Error Thrown on Iface");
+#           e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling verifiable function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#       return;
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public LMain;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+.implements LIface;
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+    .registers 1
+    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V
+    .locals 3
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+
+    const-string v0, "Create Main instance"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    new-instance v2, LMain;
+    invoke-direct {v2}, LMain;-><init>()V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on concrete Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callMain(LMain;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on interface Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callIface(LIface;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callIface(LIface;)V
+    .locals 3
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling verifiable function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling unverifiable function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->verificationSoftFail()V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/NoSuchMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :NSME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/Throwable; {:try_start .. :try_end} :other_error_start
+    :NSME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected NSME Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :other_error_start
+        move-exception v2
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected Error Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        invoke-virtual {v2,v1}, Ljava/lang/Throwable;->printStackTrace(Ljava/io/PrintStream;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling verifiable function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callMain(LMain;)V
+    .locals 3
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling verifiable function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling unverifiable function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->verificationSoftFail()V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/NoSuchMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :NSME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/Throwable; {:try_start .. :try_end} :other_error_start
+    :NSME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected NSME Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :other_error_start
+        move-exception v2
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected Error Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        invoke-virtual {v2,v1}, Ljava/lang/Throwable;->printStackTrace(Ljava/io/PrintStream;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling verifiable function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
diff --git a/test/965-default-verify/smali/Statics.smali b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Statics.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e8cac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/965-default-verify/smali/Statics.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# class Statics {
+#   // public static void nonexistantFunction() {
+#   //     System.out.println("I don't exist");
+#   // }
+# }
+#
+.class public LStatics;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+    .registers 1
+    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+    return-void
+.end method
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/build b/test/966-default-conflict/build
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e66e840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/build
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# make us exit on a failure
+set -e
+
+# TODO: Support running with jack.
+
+if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
+  # Build the Java files if we are running a --jvm test
+  mkdir -p src
+  mkdir -p classes
+  ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
+  # Build with the non-conflicting version
+  ${JAVAC} -implicit:none -d classes src/Iface.java build-src/Iface2.java src/Main.java
+  rm classes/Iface2.class
+  # Build with the conflicting version
+  ${JAVAC} -implicit:none -cp classes -d classes src/Iface2.java
+else
+  ./default-build "$@" --experimental default-methods
+fi
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/build-src/Iface2.java b/test/966-default-conflict/build-src/Iface2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d97df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/build-src/Iface2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+// We extend Iface so that javac will not complain that Iface2 does not declare a sayHi method or
+// has a soft-conflict on the sayHi method if it did.
+public interface Iface2 extends Iface {
+  // public default String sayHi() {
+  //   return "hello";
+  // }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/expected.txt b/test/966-default-conflict/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fad2c25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/expected.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Create Main instance
+Calling functions on concrete Main
+Calling non-conflicting function on Main
+CHARGE
+Calling conflicting function on Main
+Expected ICCE Thrown on Main
+Calling non-conflicting function on Main
+CHARGE
+Calling functions on interface Iface
+Calling non-conflicting function on Iface
+CHARGE
+Calling conflicting function on Iface
+Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface
+Calling non-conflicting function on Iface
+CHARGE
+Calling functions on interface Iface2
+Calling conflicting function on Iface2
+Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface2
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/info.txt b/test/966-default-conflict/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b67657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Smali-based tests for experimental interface static methods.
+
+Tests handling of default method conflicts.
+
+To run with --jvm you must export JAVA_HOME to a Java 8 Language installation
+and pass the --use-java-home to run-test
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/run b/test/966-default-conflict/run
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8944ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/run
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+${RUN} "$@" --experimental default-methods
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface.smali b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e996b3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface {
+#   public default String sayHi() {
+#       return "Hi";
+#   }
+#   public default String charge() {
+#       return "CHARGE";
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "Hi"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
+
+.method public charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "CHARGE"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface2.smali b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface2.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82fa547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Iface2.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface2 {
+#   public default String sayHi() {
+#     return "hello";
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface2;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "hello"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
+
diff --git a/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Main.smali b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Main.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce974d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/966-default-conflict/smali/Main.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# class Main implements Iface, Iface2 {
+#   public static void main(String[] args) {
+#       System.out.println("Create Main instance");
+#       Main m = new Main();
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on concrete Main");
+#       callMain(m);
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on interface Iface");
+#       callIface(m);
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on interface Iface2");
+#       callIface2(m);
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callMain(Main m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-conflicting function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       System.out.println("Calling conflicting function on Main");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected AME Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected ICCE Thrown on Main");
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-conflicting function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       return;
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callIface(Iface m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-conflicting function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       System.out.println("Calling conflicting function on Iface");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected AME Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface");
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-conflicting function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       return;
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callIface2(Iface2 m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling conflicting function on Iface2");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface2");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected AME Thrown on Iface2");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface2");
+#       }
+#       return;
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public LMain;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+.implements LIface;
+.implements LIface2;
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+    .registers 1
+    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V
+    .locals 3
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+
+    const-string v0, "Create Main instance"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    new-instance v2, LMain;
+    invoke-direct {v2}, LMain;-><init>()V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on concrete Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callMain(LMain;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on interface Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callIface(LIface;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on interface Iface2"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callIface2(LIface2;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callIface(LIface;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-conflicting function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling conflicting function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected AME Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-conflicting function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callIface2(LIface2;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling conflicting function on Iface2"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-interface {p0}, LIface2;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected AME Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected ICCE Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callMain(LMain;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-conflicting function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling conflicting function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected AME Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected ICCE Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-conflicting function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/build b/test/967-default-ame/build
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..53001a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/build
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# make us exit on a failure
+set -e
+
+# TODO: Support running with jack.
+
+if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
+  # Build the Java files if we are running a --jvm test
+  mkdir -p src
+  mkdir -p classes
+  ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/art/tools/extract-embedded-java ./smali ./src
+  # Build with the non-conflicting version
+  ${JAVAC} -implicit:none -d classes src/Iface.java build-src/Iface2.java build-src/Iface3.java src/Main.java
+  rm classes/Iface2.class
+  rm classes/Iface3.class
+  # Build with the conflicting version
+  ${JAVAC} -implicit:none -cp classes -d classes src/Iface2.java src/Iface3.java
+else
+  ./default-build "$@" --experimental default-methods
+fi
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface2.java b/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55b2ac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public interface Iface2 extends Iface {
+  // public String sayHi();
+}
+
+
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface3.java b/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface3.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6faa45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/build-src/Iface3.java
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+public interface Iface3 {
+  // public String charge();
+}
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/expected.txt b/test/967-default-ame/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbd4ad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/expected.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Create Main instance
+Calling functions on concrete Main
+Calling non-abstract function on Main
+CHARGE
+Calling abstract function on Main
+Expected AME Thrown on Main
+Calling non-abstract function on Main
+CHARGE
+Calling functions on interface Iface
+Calling non-abstract function on Iface
+CHARGE
+Calling abstract function on Iface
+Expected AME Thrown on Iface
+Calling non-abstract function on Iface
+CHARGE
+Calling functions on interface Iface2
+Calling abstract function on Iface2
+Expected AME Thrown on Iface2
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/info.txt b/test/967-default-ame/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a346a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Smali-based tests for experimental interface static methods.
+
+Tests handling of default method overrides.
+
+To run with --jvm you must export JAVA_HOME to a Java 8 Language installation
+and pass the --use-java-home to run-test
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/run b/test/967-default-ame/run
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8944ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/run
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+${RUN} "$@" --experimental default-methods
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface.smali b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e996b3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface {
+#   public default String sayHi() {
+#       return "Hi";
+#   }
+#   public default String charge() {
+#       return "CHARGE";
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "Hi"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
+
+.method public charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    .locals 1
+    const-string v0, "CHARGE"
+    return-object v0
+.end method
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface2.smali b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface2.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a21a8dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface2.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface2 extends Iface {
+#   public String sayHi();
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface2;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+.implements LIface;
+
+.method public abstract sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+.end method
+
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface3.smali b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface3.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..874e96d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Iface3.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# public interface Iface3 {
+#   public String charge();
+# }
+
+.class public abstract interface LIface3;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+.method public abstract charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+.end method
+
diff --git a/test/967-default-ame/smali/Main.smali b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Main.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4d63cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/967-default-ame/smali/Main.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# /*
+#  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#  *
+#  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#  *
+#  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#  *
+#  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  * limitations under the License.
+#  */
+#
+# class Main implements Iface, Iface2, Iface3 {
+#   public static void main(String[] args) {
+#       System.out.println("Create Main instance");
+#       Main m = new Main();
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on concrete Main");
+#       callMain(m);
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on interface Iface");
+#       callIface(m);
+#       System.out.println("Calling functions on interface Iface2");
+#       callIface2(m);
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callMain(Main m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-abstract function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       System.out.println("Calling abstract function on Main");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected AME Thrown on Main");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Main");
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-abstract function on Main");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       return;
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callIface(Iface m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-abstract function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       System.out.println("Calling abstract function on Iface");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected AME Thrown on Iface");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Iface");
+#       }
+#       System.out.println("Calling non-abstract function on Iface");
+#       System.out.println(m.charge());
+#       return;
+#   }
+#
+#   public static void callIface2(Iface2 m) {
+#       System.out.println("Calling abstract function on Iface2");
+#       try {
+#           System.out.println(m.sayHi());
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface2");
+#       } catch (AbstractMethodError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Expected AME Thrown on Iface2");
+#       } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {
+#           System.out.println("Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Iface2");
+#       }
+#       return;
+#   }
+# }
+
+.class public LMain;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+.implements LIface;
+.implements LIface2;
+.implements LIface3;
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+    .registers 1
+    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V
+    .locals 3
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+
+    const-string v0, "Create Main instance"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    new-instance v2, LMain;
+    invoke-direct {v2}, LMain;-><init>()V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on concrete Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callMain(LMain;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on interface Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callIface(LIface;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling functions on interface Iface2"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    invoke-static {v2}, LMain;->callIface2(LIface2;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callIface(LIface;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-abstract function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling abstract function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected AME Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Iface"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-abstract function on Iface"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-interface {p0}, LIface;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callIface2(LIface2;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling abstract function on Iface2"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-interface {p0}, LIface2;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected AME Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Iface2"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+.method public static callMain(LMain;)V
+    .locals 2
+    sget-object v1, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-abstract function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    const-string v0, "Calling abstract function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+    :try_start
+        invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->sayHi()Ljava/lang/String;
+        move-result-object v0
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected no error Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+        goto :error_end
+    :try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :AME_error_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {:try_start .. :try_end} :ICCE_error_start
+    :AME_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Expected AME Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :ICCE_error_start
+        const-string v0, "Unexpected ICCE Thrown on Main"
+        invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+        goto :error_end
+    :error_end
+    const-string v0, "Calling non-abstract function on Main"
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    invoke-virtual {p0}, LMain;->charge()Ljava/lang/String;
+    move-result-object v0
+    invoke-virtual {v1,v0}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+
+    return-void
+.end method
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/build b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/build
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1e9f8aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/build
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# make us exit on a failure
+set -e
+
+# We will be making more files than the ulimit is set to allow. Remove it temporarily.
+OLD_ULIMIT=`ulimit -S`
+ulimit -S unlimited
+
+restore_ulimit() {
+  ulimit -S "$OLD_ULIMIT"
+}
+trap 'restore_ulimit' ERR
+
+# TODO: Support running with jack.
+
+if [[ $@ == *"--jvm"* ]]; then
+  # Build the Java files if we are running a --jvm test
+  mkdir -p classes
+  mkdir -p src
+  echo "${JAVAC} \$@" >> ./javac_exec.sh
+  # This will use java_exec.sh to execute the javac compiler. It will place the
+  # compiled class files in ./classes and the expected values in expected.txt
+  #
+  # After this the src directory will contain the final versions of all files.
+  ./util-src/generate_java.py ./javac_exec.sh ./src ./classes ./expected.txt ./build_log
+else
+  mkdir -p ./smali
+  # Generate the smali files and expected.txt or fail
+  ./util-src/generate_smali.py ./smali ./expected.txt
+  # Use the default build script
+  ./default-build "$@" "$EXTRA_ARGS" --experimental default-methods
+fi
+
+# Reset the ulimit back to its initial value
+restore_ulimit
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/expected.txt b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ddd65d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/expected.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This file is generated by util-src/generate_smali.py do not directly modify!
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/info.txt b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc1c428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Smali-based tests for experimental interface default methods.
+
+This tests that interface method resolution order is correct in the presence of
+partial compilation/illegal invokes.
+
+Obviously needs to run under ART or a Java 8 Language runtime and compiler.
+
+When run smali test files are generated by the util-src/generate_smali.py
+script.  If we run with --jvm we will use the util-src/generate_java.py script
+will generate equivalent java code based on the smali code.
+
+Care should be taken when updating the generate_smali.py script. It should always
+return equivalent output when run multiple times and the expected output should
+be valid.
+
+Do not modify the expected.txt file. It is generated on each run by
+util-src/generate_smali.py.
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/run b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/run
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6d2930d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/run
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+${RUN} "$@" --experimental default-methods
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_java.py b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_java.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..35290ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_java.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Generate java test files for test 966.
+"""
+
+import generate_smali as base
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+BUILD_TOP = os.getenv("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP")
+if BUILD_TOP is None:
+  print("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP not set. Please run build/envsetup.sh", file=sys.stderr)
+  sys.exit(1)
+
+# Allow us to import mixins.
+sys.path.append(str(Path(BUILD_TOP)/"art"/"test"/"utils"/"python"))
+
+import testgen.mixins as mixins
+import functools
+import operator
+import subprocess
+
+class JavaConverter(mixins.DumpMixin, mixins.Named, mixins.JavaFileMixin):
+  """
+  A class that can convert a SmaliFile to a JavaFile.
+  """
+  def __init__(self, inner):
+    self.inner = inner
+
+  def get_name(self):
+    """Gets the name of this file."""
+    return self.inner.get_name()
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    out = ""
+    for line in str(self.inner).splitlines(keepends = True):
+      if line.startswith("#"):
+        out += line[1:]
+    return out
+
+class Compiler:
+  def __init__(self, sources, javac, temp_dir, classes_dir):
+    self.javac = javac
+    self.temp_dir = temp_dir
+    self.classes_dir = classes_dir
+    self.sources = sources
+
+  def compile_files(self, args, files):
+    """
+    Compile the files given with the arguments given.
+    """
+    args = args.split()
+    files = list(map(str, files))
+    cmd = ['sh', '-a', '-e', '--', str(self.javac)] + args + files
+    print("Running compile command: {}".format(cmd))
+    subprocess.check_call(cmd)
+    print("Compiled {} files".format(len(files)))
+
+  def execute(self):
+    """
+    Compiles this test, doing partial compilation as necessary.
+    """
+    # Compile Main and all classes first. Force all interfaces to be default so that there will be
+    # no compiler problems (works since classes only implement 1 interface).
+    for f in self.sources:
+      if isinstance(f, base.TestInterface):
+        JavaConverter(f.get_specific_version(base.InterfaceType.default)).dump(self.temp_dir)
+      else:
+        JavaConverter(f).dump(self.temp_dir)
+    self.compile_files("-d {}".format(self.classes_dir), self.temp_dir.glob("*.java"))
+
+    # Now we compile the interfaces
+    ifaces = set(i for i in self.sources if isinstance(i, base.TestInterface))
+    while len(ifaces) != 0:
+      # Find those ifaces where there are no (uncompiled) interfaces that are subtypes.
+      tops = set(filter(lambda a: not any(map(lambda i: a in i.get_super_types(), ifaces)), ifaces))
+      files = []
+      # Dump these ones, they are getting compiled.
+      for f in tops:
+        out = JavaConverter(f)
+        out.dump(self.temp_dir)
+        files.append(self.temp_dir / out.get_file_name())
+      # Force all superinterfaces of these to be empty so there will be no conflicts
+      overrides = functools.reduce(operator.or_, map(lambda i: i.get_super_types(), tops), set())
+      for overridden in overrides:
+        out = JavaConverter(overridden.get_specific_version(base.InterfaceType.empty))
+        out.dump(self.temp_dir)
+        files.append(self.temp_dir / out.get_file_name())
+      self.compile_files("-d {outdir} -cp {outdir}".format(outdir = self.classes_dir), files)
+      # Remove these from the set of interfaces to be compiled.
+      ifaces -= tops
+    print("Finished compiling all files.")
+    return
+
+def main(argv):
+  javac_exec = Path(argv[1])
+  if not javac_exec.exists() or not javac_exec.is_file():
+    print("{} is not a shell script".format(javac_exec), file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+  temp_dir = Path(argv[2])
+  if not temp_dir.exists() or not temp_dir.is_dir():
+    print("{} is not a valid source dir".format(temp_dir), file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+  classes_dir = Path(argv[3])
+  if not classes_dir.exists() or not classes_dir.is_dir():
+    print("{} is not a valid classes directory".format(classes_dir), file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+  expected_txt = Path(argv[4])
+  mainclass, all_files = base.create_all_test_files()
+
+  with expected_txt.open('w') as out:
+    print(mainclass.get_expected(), file=out)
+  print("Wrote expected output")
+
+  Compiler(all_files, javac_exec, temp_dir, classes_dir).execute()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_smali.py b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_smali.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9855bcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/968-default-partial-compile-generated/util-src/generate_smali.py
@@ -0,0 +1,607 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Generate Smali test files for test 967.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+BUILD_TOP = os.getenv("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP")
+if BUILD_TOP is None:
+  print("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP not set. Please run build/envsetup.sh", file=sys.stderr)
+  sys.exit(1)
+
+# Allow us to import utils and mixins.
+sys.path.append(str(Path(BUILD_TOP)/"art"/"test"/"utils"/"python"))
+
+from testgen.utils import get_copyright, subtree_sizes, gensym, filter_blanks
+import testgen.mixins as mixins
+
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import total_ordering
+import itertools
+import string
+
+# The max depth the type tree can have.
+MAX_IFACE_DEPTH = 3
+
+class MainClass(mixins.DumpMixin, mixins.Named, mixins.SmaliFileMixin):
+  """
+  A Main.smali file containing the Main class and the main function. It will run
+  all the test functions we have.
+  """
+
+  MAIN_CLASS_TEMPLATE = """{copyright}
+
+.class public LMain;
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+# class Main {{
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+    .registers 1
+    invoke-direct {{p0}}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+    return-void
+.end method
+
+{test_funcs}
+
+{main_func}
+
+# }}
+"""
+
+  MAIN_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE = """
+#   public static void main(String[] args) {{
+.method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V
+    .locals 0
+
+    {test_group_invoke}
+
+    return-void
+.end method
+#   }}
+"""
+
+  TEST_GROUP_INVOKE_TEMPLATE = """
+#     {test_name}();
+    invoke-static {{}}, {test_name}()V
+"""
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    """
+    Initialize this MainClass. We start out with no tests.
+    """
+    self.tests = set()
+
+  def get_expected(self):
+    """
+    Get the expected output of this test.
+    """
+    all_tests = sorted(self.tests)
+    return filter_blanks("\n".join(a.get_expected() for a in all_tests))
+
+  def add_test(self, ty):
+    """
+    Add a test for the concrete type 'ty'
+    """
+    self.tests.add(Func(ty))
+
+  def get_name(self):
+    """
+    Get the name of this class
+    """
+    return "Main"
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    """
+    Print the MainClass smali code.
+    """
+    all_tests = sorted(self.tests)
+    test_invoke = ""
+    test_funcs = ""
+    for t in all_tests:
+      test_funcs += str(t)
+    for t in all_tests:
+      test_invoke += self.TEST_GROUP_INVOKE_TEMPLATE.format(test_name=t.get_name())
+    main_func = self.MAIN_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE.format(test_group_invoke=test_invoke)
+
+    return self.MAIN_CLASS_TEMPLATE.format(copyright = get_copyright("smali"),
+                                           test_funcs = test_funcs,
+                                           main_func = main_func)
+
+class Func(mixins.Named, mixins.NameComparableMixin):
+  """
+  A function that tests the functionality of a concrete type. Should only be
+  constructed by MainClass.add_test.
+  """
+
+  TEST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE = """
+#   public static void {fname}() {{
+#     {farg} v = null;
+#     try {{
+#       v = new {farg}();
+#     }} catch (Throwable e) {{
+#       System.out.println("Unexpected error occurred which creating {farg} instance");
+#       e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+#       return;
+#     }}
+#     try {{
+#       System.out.printf("{tree} calls %s\\n", v.getName());
+#       return;
+#     }} catch (AbstractMethodError e) {{
+#       System.out.println("{tree} threw AbstractMethodError");
+#     }} catch (NoSuchMethodError e) {{
+#       System.out.println("{tree} threw NoSuchMethodError");
+#     }} catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) {{
+#       System.out.println("{tree} threw IncompatibleClassChangeError");
+#     }} catch (Throwable e) {{
+#       e.printStackTrace(System.out);
+#       return;
+#     }}
+#   }}
+.method public static {fname}()V
+    .locals 7
+    sget-object v4, Ljava/lang/System;->out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+
+    :new_{fname}_try_start
+      new-instance v0, L{farg};
+      invoke-direct {{v0}}, L{farg};-><init>()V
+      goto :call_{fname}_try_start
+    :new_{fname}_try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/Throwable; {{:new_{fname}_try_start .. :new_{fname}_try_end}} :new_error_{fname}_start
+    :new_error_{fname}_start
+      move-exception v6
+      const-string v5, "Unexpected error occurred which creating {farg} instance"
+      invoke-virtual {{v4,v5}}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+      invoke-virtual {{v6,v4}}, Ljava/lang/Throwable;->printStackTrace(Ljava/io/PrintStream;)V
+      return-void
+    :call_{fname}_try_start
+      const/4 v1, 1
+      new-array v2,v1, [Ljava/lang/Object;
+      const/4 v1, 0
+      invoke-virtual {{v0}}, L{farg};->getName()Ljava/lang/String;
+      move-result-object v3
+      aput-object v3,v2,v1
+
+      const-string v5, "{tree} calls %s\\n"
+
+      invoke-virtual {{v4,v5,v2}}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->printf(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/io/PrintStream;
+      return-void
+    :call_{fname}_try_end
+    .catch Ljava/lang/AbstractMethodError; {{:call_{fname}_try_start .. :call_{fname}_try_end}} :AME_{fname}_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/NoSuchMethodError; {{:call_{fname}_try_start .. :call_{fname}_try_end}} :NSME_{fname}_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/IncompatibleClassChangeError; {{:call_{fname}_try_start .. :call_{fname}_try_end}} :ICCE_{fname}_start
+    .catch Ljava/lang/Throwable; {{:call_{fname}_try_start .. :call_{fname}_try_end}} :error_{fname}_start
+    :AME_{fname}_start
+      const-string v5, "{tree} threw AbstractMethodError"
+      invoke-virtual {{v4,v5}}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+      return-void
+    :NSME_{fname}_start
+      const-string v5, "{tree} threw NoSuchMethodError"
+      invoke-virtual {{v4,v5}}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+      return-void
+    :ICCE_{fname}_start
+      const-string v5, "{tree} threw IncompatibleClassChangeError"
+      invoke-virtual {{v4,v5}}, Ljava/io/PrintStream;->println(Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+      return-void
+    :error_{fname}_start
+      move-exception v6
+      invoke-virtual {{v6,v4}}, Ljava/lang/Throwable;->printStackTrace(Ljava/io/PrintStream;)V
+      return-void
+.end method
+"""
+
+  NSME_RESULT_TEMPLATE = "{tree} threw NoSuchMethodError"
+  ICCE_RESULT_TEMPLATE = "{tree} threw IncompatibleClassChangeError"
+  AME_RESULT_TEMPLATE = "{tree} threw AbstractMethodError"
+  NORMAL_RESULT_TEMPLATE = "{tree} calls {result}"
+
+  def __init__(self, farg):
+    """
+    Initialize a test function for the given argument
+    """
+    self.farg = farg
+
+  def get_expected(self):
+    """
+    Get the expected output calling this function.
+    """
+    exp = self.farg.get_called()
+    if exp.is_empty():
+      return self.NSME_RESULT_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.farg.get_tree())
+    elif exp.is_abstract():
+      return self.AME_RESULT_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.farg.get_tree())
+    elif exp.is_conflict():
+      return self.ICCE_RESULT_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.farg.get_tree())
+    else:
+      assert exp.is_default()
+      return self.NORMAL_RESULT_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.farg.get_tree(),
+                                                result = exp.get_tree())
+
+  def get_name(self):
+    """
+    Get the name of this function
+    """
+    return "TEST_FUNC_{}".format(self.farg.get_name())
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    """
+    Print the smali code of this function.
+    """
+    return self.TEST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.farg.get_tree(),
+                                              fname = self.get_name(),
+                                              farg = self.farg.get_name())
+
+class TestClass(mixins.DumpMixin, mixins.Named, mixins.NameComparableMixin, mixins.SmaliFileMixin):
+  """
+  A class that will be instantiated to test default method resolution order.
+  """
+
+  TEST_CLASS_TEMPLATE = """{copyright}
+
+.class public L{class_name};
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+.implements L{iface_name};
+
+# public class {class_name} implements {iface_name} {{
+
+.method public constructor <init>()V
+  .registers 1
+  invoke-direct {{p0}}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V
+  return-void
+.end method
+
+{funcs}
+
+# }}
+"""
+
+  def __init__(self, iface):
+    """
+    Initialize this test class which implements the given interface
+    """
+    self.iface = iface
+    self.class_name = "CLASS_"+gensym()
+
+  def get_name(self):
+    """
+    Get the name of this class
+    """
+    return self.class_name
+
+  def get_tree(self):
+    """
+    Print out a representation of the type tree of this class
+    """
+    return "[{class_name} {iface_tree}]".format(class_name = self.class_name,
+                                                iface_tree = self.iface.get_tree())
+
+  def __iter__(self):
+    """
+    Step through all interfaces implemented transitively by this class
+    """
+    yield self.iface
+    yield from self.iface
+
+  def get_called(self):
+    """
+    Returns the interface that will be called when the method on this class is invoked or
+    CONFLICT_TYPE if there is no interface that will be called.
+    """
+    return self.iface.get_called()
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    """
+    Print the smali code of this class.
+    """
+    return self.TEST_CLASS_TEMPLATE.format(copyright = get_copyright('smali'),
+                                           iface_name = self.iface.get_name(),
+                                           tree = self.get_tree(),
+                                           class_name = self.class_name,
+                                           funcs = "")
+
+class InterfaceType(Enum):
+  """
+  An enumeration of all the different types of interfaces we can have.
+
+  default: It has a default method
+  abstract: It has a method declared but not defined
+  empty: It does not have the method
+  """
+  default = 0
+  abstract = 1
+  empty = 2
+
+  def get_suffix(self):
+    if self == InterfaceType.default:
+      return "_DEFAULT"
+    elif self == InterfaceType.abstract:
+      return "_ABSTRACT"
+    elif self == InterfaceType.empty:
+      return "_EMPTY"
+    else:
+      raise TypeError("Interface type had illegal value.")
+
+class ConflictInterface:
+  """
+  A singleton representing a conflict of default methods.
+  """
+
+  def is_conflict(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is a conflict interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in an IncompatibleClassChangeError.
+    """
+    return True
+
+  def is_abstract(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is an abstract interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in an AbstractMethodError.
+    """
+    return False
+
+  def is_empty(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is an abstract interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in a NoSuchMethodError.
+    """
+    return False
+
+  def is_default(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is a default interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in a method actually being called.
+    """
+    return False
+
+CONFLICT_TYPE = ConflictInterface()
+
+class TestInterface(mixins.DumpMixin, mixins.Named, mixins.NameComparableMixin, mixins.SmaliFileMixin):
+  """
+  An interface that will be used to test default method resolution order.
+  """
+
+  TEST_INTERFACE_TEMPLATE = """{copyright}
+.class public abstract interface L{class_name};
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+{implements_spec}
+
+# public interface {class_name} {extends} {ifaces} {{
+
+{funcs}
+
+# }}
+"""
+
+  DEFAULT_FUNC_TEMPLATE = """
+#   public default String getName() {{
+#     return "{tree}";
+#   }}
+.method public getName()Ljava/lang/String;
+  .locals 1
+  const-string v0, "{tree}"
+  return-object v0
+.end method
+"""
+
+  ABSTRACT_FUNC_TEMPLATE = """
+#   public String getName();
+.method public abstract getName()Ljava/lang/String;
+.end method
+"""
+
+  EMPTY_FUNC_TEMPLATE = """"""
+
+  IMPLEMENTS_TEMPLATE = """
+.implements L{iface_name};
+"""
+
+  def __init__(self, ifaces, iface_type, full_name = None):
+    """
+    Initialize interface with the given super-interfaces
+    """
+    self.ifaces = sorted(ifaces)
+    self.iface_type = iface_type
+    if full_name is None:
+      end = self.iface_type.get_suffix()
+      self.class_name = "INTERFACE_"+gensym()+end
+    else:
+      self.class_name = full_name
+
+  def get_specific_version(self, v):
+    """
+    Returns a copy of this interface of the given type for use in partial compilation.
+    """
+    return TestInterface(self.ifaces, v, full_name = self.class_name)
+
+  def get_super_types(self):
+    """
+    Returns a set of all the supertypes of this interface
+    """
+    return set(i2 for i2 in self)
+
+  def is_conflict(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is a conflict interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in an IncompatibleClassChangeError.
+    """
+    return False
+
+  def is_abstract(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is an abstract interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in an AbstractMethodError.
+    """
+    return self.iface_type == InterfaceType.abstract
+
+  def is_empty(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is an abstract interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in a NoSuchMethodError.
+    """
+    return self.iface_type == InterfaceType.empty
+
+  def is_default(self):
+    """
+    Returns true if this is a default interface and calling the method on this interface will
+    result in a method actually being called.
+    """
+    return self.iface_type == InterfaceType.default
+
+  def get_called(self):
+    """
+    Returns the interface that will be called when the method on this class is invoked or
+    CONFLICT_TYPE if there is no interface that will be called.
+    """
+    if not self.is_empty() or len(self.ifaces) == 0:
+      return self
+    else:
+      best = self
+      for super_iface in self.ifaces:
+        super_best = super_iface.get_called()
+        if super_best.is_conflict():
+          return CONFLICT_TYPE
+        elif best.is_default():
+          if super_best.is_default():
+            return CONFLICT_TYPE
+        elif best.is_abstract():
+          if super_best.is_default():
+            best = super_best
+        else:
+          assert best.is_empty()
+          best = super_best
+      return best
+
+  def get_name(self):
+    """
+    Get the name of this class
+    """
+    return self.class_name
+
+  def get_tree(self):
+    """
+    Print out a representation of the type tree of this class
+    """
+    return "[{class_name} {iftree}]".format(class_name = self.get_name(),
+                                            iftree = print_tree(self.ifaces))
+
+  def __iter__(self):
+    """
+    Performs depth-first traversal of the interface tree this interface is the
+    root of. Does not filter out repeats.
+    """
+    for i in self.ifaces:
+      yield i
+      yield from i
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    """
+    Print the smali code of this interface.
+    """
+    s_ifaces = " "
+    j_ifaces = " "
+    for i in self.ifaces:
+      s_ifaces += self.IMPLEMENTS_TEMPLATE.format(iface_name = i.get_name())
+      j_ifaces += " {},".format(i.get_name())
+    j_ifaces = j_ifaces[0:-1]
+    if self.is_default():
+      funcs = self.DEFAULT_FUNC_TEMPLATE.format(tree = self.get_tree())
+    elif self.is_abstract():
+      funcs = self.ABSTRACT_FUNC_TEMPLATE.format()
+    else:
+      funcs = ""
+    return self.TEST_INTERFACE_TEMPLATE.format(copyright = get_copyright('smali'),
+                                               implements_spec = s_ifaces,
+                                               extends = "extends" if len(self.ifaces) else "",
+                                               ifaces = j_ifaces,
+                                               funcs = funcs,
+                                               tree = self.get_tree(),
+                                               class_name = self.class_name)
+
+def print_tree(ifaces):
+  """
+  Prints a list of iface trees
+  """
+  return " ".join(i.get_tree() for i in ifaces)
+
+# The deduplicated output of subtree_sizes for each size up to
+# MAX_LEAF_IFACE_PER_OBJECT.
+SUBTREES = [set(tuple(sorted(l)) for l in subtree_sizes(i))
+            for i in range(MAX_IFACE_DEPTH + 1)]
+
+def create_test_classes():
+  """
+  Yield all the test classes with the different interface trees
+  """
+  for num in range(1, MAX_IFACE_DEPTH + 1):
+    for iface in create_interface_trees(num):
+      yield TestClass(iface)
+
+def create_interface_trees(num):
+  """
+  Yield all the interface trees up to 'num' depth.
+  """
+  if num == 0:
+    for iftype in InterfaceType:
+      yield TestInterface(tuple(), iftype)
+    return
+  for split in SUBTREES[num]:
+    ifaces = []
+    for sub in split:
+      ifaces.append(list(create_interface_trees(sub)))
+    yield TestInterface(tuple(), InterfaceType.default)
+    for supers in itertools.product(*ifaces):
+      for iftype in InterfaceType:
+        if iftype == InterfaceType.default:
+          # We can just stop at defaults. We have other tests that a default can override an
+          # abstract and this cuts down on the number of cases significantly, improving speed of
+          # this test.
+          continue
+        yield TestInterface(supers, iftype)
+
+def create_all_test_files():
+  """
+  Creates all the objects representing the files in this test. They just need to
+  be dumped.
+  """
+  mc = MainClass()
+  classes = {mc}
+  for clazz in create_test_classes():
+    classes.add(clazz)
+    for i in clazz:
+      classes.add(i)
+    mc.add_test(clazz)
+  return mc, classes
+
+def main(argv):
+  smali_dir = Path(argv[1])
+  if not smali_dir.exists() or not smali_dir.is_dir():
+    print("{} is not a valid smali dir".format(smali_dir), file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+  expected_txt = Path(argv[2])
+  mainclass, all_files = create_all_test_files()
+  with expected_txt.open('w') as out:
+    print(mainclass.get_expected(), file=out)
+  for f in all_files:
+    f.dump(smali_dir)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/test/Android.run-test.mk b/test/Android.run-test.mk
index 8744674..b528721 100644
--- a/test/Android.run-test.mk
+++ b/test/Android.run-test.mk
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@
   960-default-smali \
   961-default-iface-resolution-generated \
   964-default-iface-init-generated \
+  968-default-partial-compile-generated
 
 # Check if we have python3 to run our tests.
 ifeq ($(wildcard /usr/bin/python3),)
diff --git a/test/utils/python/testgen/mixins.py b/test/utils/python/testgen/mixins.py
index 085e51d..aa8943b 100644
--- a/test/utils/python/testgen/mixins.py
+++ b/test/utils/python/testgen/mixins.py
@@ -79,6 +79,12 @@
   """
   pass
 
+class JavaFileMixin(get_file_extension_mixin(".java")):
+  """
+  A mixin that defines that the file this class belongs to is get_name() + ".java".
+  """
+  pass
+
 class NameComparableMixin(object):
   """
   A mixin that defines the object comparison and related functionality in terms
diff --git a/tools/libcore_failures.txt b/tools/libcore_failures.txt
index 9a8b462..a5476f7 100644
--- a/tools/libcore_failures.txt
+++ b/tools/libcore_failures.txt
@@ -164,5 +164,11 @@
   names: ["libcore.io.OsTest#test_byteBufferPositions_sendto_recvfrom_af_inet6",
           "libcore.io.OsTest#test_sendtoSocketAddress_af_inet6"],
   bug: 25178637
+},
+{
+  description: "Non-deterministic test because of a dependency on weak ref collection.",
+  result: EXEC_FAILED,
+  names: ["org.apache.harmony.tests.java.util.WeakHashMapTest#test_keySet"],
+  bug: 25437292
 }
 ]