diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
index 568b8a8..2038c88 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/graph_visualizer.cc
@@ -549,26 +549,19 @@
       }
     }
 
-    if (IsPass(LICM::kLoopInvariantCodeMotionPassName)
-        || IsPass(HDeadCodeElimination::kFinalDeadCodeEliminationPassName)
-        || IsPass(HDeadCodeElimination::kInitialDeadCodeEliminationPassName)
-        || IsPass(BoundsCheckElimination::kBoundsCheckEliminationPassName)
-        || IsPass(RegisterAllocator::kRegisterAllocatorPassName)
-        || IsPass(HGraphBuilder::kBuilderPassName)) {
-      HLoopInformation* info = instruction->GetBlock()->GetLoopInformation();
-      if (info == nullptr) {
-        StartAttributeStream("loop") << "none";
+    HLoopInformation* loop_info = instruction->GetBlock()->GetLoopInformation();
+    if (loop_info == nullptr) {
+      StartAttributeStream("loop") << "none";
+    } else {
+      StartAttributeStream("loop") << "B" << loop_info->GetHeader()->GetBlockId();
+      HLoopInformation* outer = loop_info->GetPreHeader()->GetLoopInformation();
+      if (outer != nullptr) {
+        StartAttributeStream("outer_loop") << "B" << outer->GetHeader()->GetBlockId();
       } else {
-        StartAttributeStream("loop") << "B" << info->GetHeader()->GetBlockId();
-        HLoopInformation* outer = info->GetPreHeader()->GetLoopInformation();
-        if (outer != nullptr) {
-          StartAttributeStream("outer_loop") << "B" << outer->GetHeader()->GetBlockId();
-        } else {
-          StartAttributeStream("outer_loop") << "none";
-        }
-        StartAttributeStream("irreducible")
-            << std::boolalpha << info->IsIrreducible() << std::noboolalpha;
+        StartAttributeStream("outer_loop") << "none";
       }
+      StartAttributeStream("irreducible")
+          << std::boolalpha << loop_info->IsIrreducible() << std::noboolalpha;
     }
 
     if ((IsPass(HGraphBuilder::kBuilderPassName)
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/gvn.cc b/compiler/optimizing/gvn.cc
index d0d52bf..1e86b75 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/gvn.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/gvn.cc
@@ -454,11 +454,16 @@
 
     if (!set->IsEmpty()) {
       if (block->IsLoopHeader()) {
-        if (block->GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible()) {
+        if (block->GetLoopInformation()->ContainsIrreducibleLoop()) {
           // To satisfy our linear scan algorithm, no instruction should flow in an irreducible
-          // loop header.
+          // loop header. We clear the set at entry of irreducible loops and any loop containing
+          // an irreducible loop, as in both cases, GVN can extend the liveness of an instruction
+          // across the irreducible loop.
+          // Note that, if we're not compiling OSR, we could still do GVN and introduce
+          // phis at irreducible loop headers. We decided it was not worth the complexity.
           set->Clear();
         } else {
+          DCHECK(!block->GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible());
           DCHECK_EQ(block->GetDominator(), block->GetLoopInformation()->GetPreHeader());
           set->Kill(side_effects_.GetLoopEffects(block));
         }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/licm.cc b/compiler/optimizing/licm.cc
index 5a0b89c..7543cd6 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/licm.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/licm.cc
@@ -101,16 +101,6 @@
     SideEffects loop_effects = side_effects_.GetLoopEffects(block);
     HBasicBlock* pre_header = loop_info->GetPreHeader();
 
-    bool contains_irreducible_loop = false;
-    if (graph_->HasIrreducibleLoops()) {
-      for (HBlocksInLoopIterator it_loop(*loop_info); !it_loop.Done(); it_loop.Advance()) {
-        if (it_loop.Current()->GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible()) {
-          contains_irreducible_loop = true;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
     for (HBlocksInLoopIterator it_loop(*loop_info); !it_loop.Done(); it_loop.Advance()) {
       HBasicBlock* inner = it_loop.Current();
       DCHECK(inner->IsInLoop());
@@ -123,11 +113,12 @@
         visited->SetBit(inner->GetBlockId());
       }
 
-      if (contains_irreducible_loop) {
+      if (loop_info->ContainsIrreducibleLoop()) {
         // We cannot licm in an irreducible loop, or in a natural loop containing an
         // irreducible loop.
         continue;
       }
+      DCHECK(!loop_info->IsIrreducible());
 
       // We can move an instruction that can throw only if it is the first
       // throwing instruction in the loop. Note that the first potentially
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
index 1e6bf07..60329cc 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.cc
@@ -446,8 +446,10 @@
 }
 
 GraphAnalysisResult HGraph::AnalyzeLoops() const {
-  // Order does not matter.
-  for (HReversePostOrderIterator it(*this); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
+  // We iterate post order to ensure we visit inner loops before outer loops.
+  // `PopulateRecursive` needs this guarantee to know whether a natural loop
+  // contains an irreducible loop.
+  for (HPostOrderIterator it(*this); !it.Done(); it.Advance()) {
     HBasicBlock* block = it.Current();
     if (block->IsLoopHeader()) {
       if (block->IsCatchBlock()) {
@@ -580,6 +582,14 @@
 
   blocks_.SetBit(block->GetBlockId());
   block->SetInLoop(this);
+  if (block->IsLoopHeader()) {
+    // We're visiting loops in post-order, so inner loops must have been
+    // populated already.
+    DCHECK(block->GetLoopInformation()->IsPopulated());
+    if (block->GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible()) {
+      contains_irreducible_loop_ = true;
+    }
+  }
   for (HBasicBlock* predecessor : block->GetPredecessors()) {
     PopulateRecursive(predecessor);
   }
@@ -683,6 +693,7 @@
   }
   if (is_irreducible_loop) {
     irreducible_ = true;
+    contains_irreducible_loop_ = true;
     graph->SetHasIrreducibleLoops(true);
   }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
index 934d355..12ea059 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/nodes.h
@@ -650,6 +650,7 @@
       : header_(header),
         suspend_check_(nullptr),
         irreducible_(false),
+        contains_irreducible_loop_(false),
         back_edges_(graph->GetArena()->Adapter(kArenaAllocLoopInfoBackEdges)),
         // Make bit vector growable, as the number of blocks may change.
         blocks_(graph->GetArena(), graph->GetBlocks().size(), true, kArenaAllocLoopInfoBackEdges) {
@@ -657,6 +658,7 @@
   }
 
   bool IsIrreducible() const { return irreducible_; }
+  bool ContainsIrreducibleLoop() const { return contains_irreducible_loop_; }
 
   void Dump(std::ostream& os);
 
@@ -727,6 +729,10 @@
 
   bool HasBackEdgeNotDominatedByHeader() const;
 
+  bool IsPopulated() const {
+    return blocks_.GetHighestBitSet() != -1;
+  }
+
  private:
   // Internal recursive implementation of `Populate`.
   void PopulateRecursive(HBasicBlock* block);
@@ -735,6 +741,7 @@
   HBasicBlock* header_;
   HSuspendCheck* suspend_check_;
   bool irreducible_;
+  bool contains_irreducible_loop_;
   ArenaVector<HBasicBlock*> back_edges_;
   ArenaBitVector blocks_;
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc b/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
index b1f9cbc..4405b80 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/register_allocator.cc
@@ -1773,7 +1773,9 @@
     // therefore will not have a location for that instruction for `to`.
     // Because the instruction is a constant or the ArtMethod, we don't need to
     // do anything: it will be materialized in the irreducible loop.
-    DCHECK(IsMaterializableEntryBlockInstructionOfGraphWithIrreducibleLoop(defined_by));
+    DCHECK(IsMaterializableEntryBlockInstructionOfGraphWithIrreducibleLoop(defined_by))
+        << defined_by->DebugName() << ":" << defined_by->GetId()
+        << " " << from->GetBlockId() << " -> " << to->GetBlockId();
     return;
   }
 
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.cc b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.cc
index 5534aea..36e0d99 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.cc
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.cc
@@ -309,17 +309,8 @@
     }
 
     if (block->IsLoopHeader()) {
-      if (kIsDebugBuild && block->GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible()) {
-        // To satisfy our liveness algorithm, we need to ensure loop headers of
-        // irreducible loops do not have any live-in instructions, except constants
-        // and the current method, which can be trivially re-materialized.
-        for (uint32_t idx : live_in->Indexes()) {
-          HInstruction* instruction = GetInstructionFromSsaIndex(idx);
-          DCHECK(instruction->GetBlock()->IsEntryBlock()) << instruction->DebugName();
-          DCHECK(!instruction->IsParameterValue());
-          DCHECK(instruction->IsCurrentMethod() || instruction->IsConstant())
-              << instruction->DebugName();
-        }
+      if (kIsDebugBuild) {
+        CheckNoLiveInIrreducibleLoop(*block);
       }
       size_t last_position = block->GetLoopInformation()->GetLifetimeEnd();
       // For all live_in instructions at the loop header, we need to create a range
@@ -344,6 +335,9 @@
       // change in this loop), and the live_out set.  If the live_out
       // set does not change, there is no need to update the live_in set.
       if (UpdateLiveOut(block) && UpdateLiveIn(block)) {
+        if (kIsDebugBuild) {
+          CheckNoLiveInIrreducibleLoop(block);
+        }
         changed = true;
       }
     }
diff --git a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.h b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.h
index 1141fd1..1fcba8b 100644
--- a/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.h
+++ b/compiler/optimizing/ssa_liveness_analysis.h
@@ -1260,6 +1260,23 @@
     return instruction->GetType() == Primitive::kPrimNot;
   }
 
+  void CheckNoLiveInIrreducibleLoop(const HBasicBlock& block) const {
+    if (!block.IsLoopHeader() || !block.GetLoopInformation()->IsIrreducible()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    BitVector* live_in = GetLiveInSet(block);
+    // To satisfy our liveness algorithm, we need to ensure loop headers of
+    // irreducible loops do not have any live-in instructions, except constants
+    // and the current method, which can be trivially re-materialized.
+    for (uint32_t idx : live_in->Indexes()) {
+      HInstruction* instruction = GetInstructionFromSsaIndex(idx);
+      DCHECK(instruction->GetBlock()->IsEntryBlock()) << instruction->DebugName();
+      DCHECK(!instruction->IsParameterValue());
+      DCHECK(instruction->IsCurrentMethod() || instruction->IsConstant())
+          << instruction->DebugName();
+    }
+  }
+
   HGraph* const graph_;
   CodeGenerator* const codegen_;
   ArenaVector<BlockInfo*> block_infos_;
diff --git a/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/expected.txt b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/expected.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..573541a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/expected.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+0
diff --git a/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/info.txt b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/info.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e0dd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/info.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Regression test for optimizing in the presence of
+an irreducible loop.
diff --git a/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/smali/IrreducibleLoop.smali b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/smali/IrreducibleLoop.smali
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5331fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/smali/IrreducibleLoop.smali
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+.class public LIrreducibleLoop;
+
+.super Ljava/lang/Object;
+
+## CHECK-START: int IrreducibleLoop.test(int) GVN (before)
+## CHECK-DAG:                     LoadClass loop:none
+## CHECK-DAG:                     LoadClass loop:{{B\d+}} outer_loop:none
+
+## CHECK-START: int IrreducibleLoop.test(int) GVN (after)
+## CHECK-DAG:                     LoadClass loop:none
+## CHECK-DAG:                     LoadClass loop:{{B\d+}} outer_loop:none
+.method public static test(I)I
+   .registers 2
+
+   sget v0, LIrreducibleLoop;->field1:I
+   sput v0, LIrreducibleLoop;->field2:I
+
+   if-eqz p0, :loop_entry
+   goto :exit
+
+   :loop_entry
+   if-eqz p0, :irreducible_loop_entry
+   sget v0, LIrreducibleLoop;->field2:I
+   sput v0, LIrreducibleLoop;->field1:I
+   if-eqz v0, :exit
+   goto :irreducible_other_loop_entry
+
+   :irreducible_loop_entry
+   if-eqz p0, :loop_back_edge
+   :irreducible_other_loop_entry
+   if-eqz v0, :loop_back_edge
+   goto :irreducible_loop_entry
+
+   :loop_back_edge
+   goto :loop_entry
+
+   :exit
+   return v0
+.end method
+
+.field public static field1:I
+.field public static field2:I
diff --git a/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/src/Main.java b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/src/Main.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b47721f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/599-checker-irreducible-loop/src/Main.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+public class Main {
+  // Workaround for b/18051191.
+  class InnerClass {}
+
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    Class<?> c = Class.forName("IrreducibleLoop");
+    Method m = c.getMethod("test", int.class);
+    Object[] arguments = { 42 };
+    // Invoke the code just for sanity checking.
+    System.out.println(m.invoke(null, arguments));
+  }
+}