diff --git a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_cache.c b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_cache.c
index afc9a36..08a2557 100644
--- a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_cache.c
+++ b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_cache.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include "resolv_private.h"
 #include "resolv_iface.h"
+#include "res_private.h"
 
 /* This code implements a small and *simple* DNS resolver cache.
  *
@@ -1249,9 +1250,16 @@
     struct resolv_cache_info*   next;
     char*                       nameservers[MAXNS +1];
     struct addrinfo*            nsaddrinfo[MAXNS + 1];
-    char*                       domains;
+    char                        defdname[256];
+    int                         dnsrch_offset[MAXDNSRCH+1];  // offsets into defdname
 } CacheInfo;
 
+typedef struct resolv_pidiface_info {
+    int                             pid;
+    char                            ifname[IF_NAMESIZE + 1];
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info*    next;
+} PidIfaceInfo;
+
 #define  HTABLE_VALID(x)  ((x) != NULL && (x) != HTABLE_DELETED)
 
 static void
@@ -1304,6 +1312,7 @@
             }
         } else {
             struct timespec ts = {0,0};
+            XLOG("Waiting for previous request");
             ts.tv_sec = _time_now() + PENDING_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
             pthread_cond_timedwait(&ri->cond, &cache->lock, &ts);
         }
@@ -1399,9 +1408,8 @@
     if (cache_mode == NULL || strcmp(cache_mode, "local") != 0) {
         // Don't use the cache in local mode.  This is used by the
         // proxy itself.
-        // TODO - change this to 0 when all dns stuff uses proxy (5918973)
-        XLOG("setup cache for non-cache process. size=1");
-        return 1;
+        XLOG("setup cache for non-cache process. size=0, %s", cache_mode);
+        return 0;
     }
 
     if (__system_property_get(DNS_CACHE_SIZE_PROP_NAME, cache_size) > 0) {
@@ -1540,7 +1548,7 @@
 
         pnode = &node->hlink;
     }
-    return pnode; 
+    return pnode;
 }
 
 /* Add a new entry to the hash table. 'lookup' must be the
@@ -1781,20 +1789,28 @@
 /****************************************************************************/
 /****************************************************************************/
 
-static pthread_once_t        _res_cache_once;
+static pthread_once_t        _res_cache_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
 
 // Head of the list of caches.  Protected by _res_cache_list_lock.
 static struct resolv_cache_info _res_cache_list;
 
+// List of pid iface pairs
+static struct resolv_pidiface_info _res_pidiface_list;
+
 // name of the current default inteface
 static char            _res_default_ifname[IF_NAMESIZE + 1];
 
 // lock protecting everything in the _resolve_cache_info structs (next ptr, etc)
 static pthread_mutex_t _res_cache_list_lock;
 
+// lock protecting the _res_pid_iface_list
+static pthread_mutex_t _res_pidiface_list_lock;
 
 /* lookup the default interface name */
 static char *_get_default_iface_locked();
+/* find the first cache that has an associated interface and return the name of the interface */
+static char* _find_any_iface_name_locked( void );
+
 /* insert resolv_cache_info into the list of resolv_cache_infos */
 static void _insert_cache_info_locked(struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info);
 /* creates a resolv_cache_info */
@@ -1815,8 +1831,14 @@
 static struct addrinfo* _get_nameserver_addr_locked(const char* ifname, int n);
 /* lookup the inteface's address */
 static struct in_addr* _get_addr_locked(const char * ifname);
-
-
+/* return 1 if the provided list of name servers differs from the list of name servers
+ * currently attached to the provided cache_info */
+static int _resolv_is_nameservers_equal_locked(struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info,
+        char** servers, int numservers);
+/* remove a resolv_pidiface_info structure from _res_pidiface_list */
+static void _remove_pidiface_info_locked(int pid);
+/* get a resolv_pidiface_info structure from _res_pidiface_list with a certain pid */
+static struct resolv_pidiface_info* _get_pid_iface_info_locked(int pid);
 
 static void
 _res_cache_init(void)
@@ -1830,37 +1852,36 @@
 
     memset(&_res_default_ifname, 0, sizeof(_res_default_ifname));
     memset(&_res_cache_list, 0, sizeof(_res_cache_list));
+    memset(&_res_pidiface_list, 0, sizeof(_res_pidiface_list));
     pthread_mutex_init(&_res_cache_list_lock, NULL);
+    pthread_mutex_init(&_res_pidiface_list_lock, NULL);
 }
 
 struct resolv_cache*
-__get_res_cache(void)
+__get_res_cache(const char* ifname)
 {
     struct resolv_cache *cache;
 
     pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
-
     pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
 
-    char* ifname = _get_default_iface_locked();
-
-    // if default interface not set then use the first cache
-    // associated with an interface as the default one.
-    if (ifname[0] == '\0') {
-        struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info = _res_cache_list.next;
-        while (cache_info) {
-            if (cache_info->ifname[0] != '\0') {
-                ifname = cache_info->ifname;
-                break;
+    char* iface;
+    if (ifname == NULL || ifname[0] == '\0') {
+        iface = _get_default_iface_locked();
+        if (iface[0] == '\0') {
+            char* tmp = _find_any_iface_name_locked();
+            if (tmp) {
+                iface = tmp;
             }
-
-            cache_info = cache_info->next;
         }
+    } else {
+        iface = (char *) ifname;
     }
-    cache = _get_res_cache_for_iface_locked(ifname);
+
+    cache = _get_res_cache_for_iface_locked(iface);
 
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
-    XLOG("_get_res_cache. default_ifname = %s\n", ifname);
+    XLOG("_get_res_cache: iface = %s, cache=%p\n", iface, cache);
     return cache;
 }
 
@@ -2016,11 +2037,29 @@
 static char*
 _get_default_iface_locked(void)
 {
+
     char* iface = _res_default_ifname;
 
     return iface;
 }
 
+static char*
+_find_any_iface_name_locked( void ) {
+    char* ifname = NULL;
+
+    struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info = _res_cache_list.next;
+    while (cache_info) {
+        if (cache_info->ifname[0] != '\0') {
+            ifname = cache_info->ifname;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        cache_info = cache_info->next;
+    }
+
+    return ifname;
+}
+
 void
 _resolv_set_default_iface(const char* ifname)
 {
@@ -2044,16 +2083,19 @@
     int i, rt, index;
     struct addrinfo hints;
     char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
+    register char *cp;
+    int *offset;
 
     pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
-
     pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+
     // creates the cache if not created
     _get_res_cache_for_iface_locked(ifname);
 
     struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info = _find_cache_info_locked(ifname);
 
-    if (cache_info != NULL) {
+    if (cache_info != NULL &&
+            !_resolv_is_nameservers_equal_locked(cache_info, servers, numservers)) {
         // free current before adding new
         _free_nameservers_locked(cache_info);
 
@@ -2069,15 +2111,68 @@
             if (rt == 0) {
                 cache_info->nameservers[index] = strdup(servers[i]);
                 index++;
+                XLOG("_resolv_set_nameservers_for_iface: iface = %s, addr = %s\n",
+                        ifname, servers[i]);
             } else {
                 cache_info->nsaddrinfo[index] = NULL;
             }
         }
-        cache_info->domains = strdup(domains);
+
+        // code moved from res_init.c, load_domain_search_list
+        strlcpy(cache_info->defdname, domains, sizeof(cache_info->defdname));
+        if ((cp = strchr(cache_info->defdname, '\n')) != NULL)
+            *cp = '\0';
+        cp = cache_info->defdname;
+        offset = cache_info->dnsrch_offset;
+        while (offset < cache_info->dnsrch_offset + MAXDNSRCH) {
+            while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') /* skip leading white space */
+                cp++;
+            if (*cp == '\0') /* stop if nothing more to do */
+                break;
+            *offset++ = cp - cache_info->defdname; /* record this search domain */
+            while (*cp) { /* zero-terminate it */
+                if (*cp == ' '|| *cp == '\t') {
+                    *cp++ = '\0';
+                    break;
+                }
+                cp++;
+            }
+        }
+        *offset = -1; /* cache_info->dnsrch_offset has MAXDNSRCH+1 items */
+
+        // flush cache since new settings
+        _flush_cache_for_iface_locked(ifname);
+
     }
+
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
 }
 
+static int
+_resolv_is_nameservers_equal_locked(struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info,
+        char** servers, int numservers)
+{
+    int i;
+    char** ns;
+    int equal = 1;
+
+    // compare each name server against current name servers
+    if (numservers > MAXNS) numservers = MAXNS;
+    for (i = 0; i < numservers && equal; i++) {
+        ns = cache_info->nameservers;
+        equal = 0;
+        while(*ns) {
+            if (strcmp(*ns, servers[i]) == 0) {
+                equal = 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            ns++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return equal;
+}
+
 static void
 _free_nameservers_locked(struct resolv_cache_info* cache_info)
 {
@@ -2220,3 +2315,196 @@
     }
     return NULL;
 }
+
+static void
+_remove_pidiface_info_locked(int pid) {
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info* result = &_res_pidiface_list;
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info* prev = NULL;
+
+    while (result != NULL && result->pid != pid) {
+        prev = result;
+        result = result->next;
+    }
+    if (prev != NULL && result != NULL) {
+        prev->next = result->next;
+        free(result);
+    }
+}
+
+static struct resolv_pidiface_info*
+_get_pid_iface_info_locked(int pid)
+{
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info* result = &_res_pidiface_list;
+    while (result != NULL && result->pid != pid) {
+        result = result->next;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+void
+_resolv_set_iface_for_pid(const char* ifname, int pid)
+{
+    // make sure the pid iface list is created
+    pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info* pidiface_info = _get_pid_iface_info_locked(pid);
+    if (!pidiface_info) {
+        pidiface_info = calloc(sizeof(*pidiface_info), 1);
+        if (pidiface_info) {
+            pidiface_info->pid = pid;
+            int len = sizeof(pidiface_info->ifname);
+            strncpy(pidiface_info->ifname, ifname, len - 1);
+            pidiface_info->ifname[len - 1] = '\0';
+
+            pidiface_info->next = _res_pidiface_list.next;
+            _res_pidiface_list.next = pidiface_info;
+
+            XLOG("_resolv_set_iface_for_pid: pid %d , iface %s\n", pid, ifname);
+        } else {
+            XLOG("_resolv_set_iface_for_pid failing calloc");
+        }
+    }
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+}
+
+void
+_resolv_clear_iface_for_pid(int pid)
+{
+    pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+
+    _remove_pidiface_info_locked(pid);
+
+    XLOG("_resolv_clear_iface_for_pid: pid %d\n", pid);
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+}
+
+int
+_resolv_get_pids_associated_interface(int pid, char* buff, int buffLen)
+{
+    int len = 0;
+
+    if (!buff) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+
+    struct resolv_pidiface_info* pidiface_info = _get_pid_iface_info_locked(pid);
+    buff[0] = '\0';
+    if (pidiface_info) {
+        len = strlen(pidiface_info->ifname);
+        if (len < buffLen) {
+            strncpy(buff, pidiface_info->ifname, len);
+            buff[len] = '\0';
+        }
+    }
+
+    XLOG("_resolv_get_pids_associated_interface buff: %s\n", buff);
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_pidiface_list_lock);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+int
+_resolv_get_default_iface(char* buff, int buffLen)
+{
+    char* ifname;
+    int len = 0;
+
+    if (!buff || buffLen == 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+
+    ifname = _get_default_iface_locked(); // never null, but may be empty
+
+    // if default interface not set. Get first cache with an interface
+    if (ifname[0] == '\0') {
+        ifname = _find_any_iface_name_locked(); // may be null
+    }
+
+    // if we got the default iface or if (no-default) the find_any call gave an answer
+    if (ifname) {
+        len = strlen(ifname);
+        if (len < buffLen) {
+            strncpy(buff, ifname, len);
+            buff[len] = '\0';
+        }
+    } else {
+        buff[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+int
+_resolv_populate_res_for_iface(res_state statp)
+{
+    int nserv;
+    struct resolv_cache_info* info = NULL;
+
+    if (statp) {
+        struct addrinfo* ai;
+
+        if (statp->iface[0] == '\0') { // no interface set assign default
+            _resolv_get_default_iface(statp->iface, sizeof(statp->iface));
+        }
+
+        pthread_once(&_res_cache_once, _res_cache_init);
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+        info = _find_cache_info_locked(statp->iface);
+
+        if (info == NULL) {
+            pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        XLOG("_resolv_populate_res_for_iface: %s\n", statp->iface);
+        for (nserv = 0; nserv < MAXNS; nserv++) {
+            ai = info->nsaddrinfo[nserv];
+            if (ai == NULL) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if ((size_t) ai->ai_addrlen <= sizeof(statp->_u._ext.ext->nsaddrs[0])) {
+                if (statp->_u._ext.ext != NULL) {
+                    memcpy(&statp->_u._ext.ext->nsaddrs[nserv], ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
+                    statp->nsaddr_list[nserv].sin_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+                } else {
+                    if ((size_t) ai->ai_addrlen
+                            <= sizeof(statp->nsaddr_list[0])) {
+                        memcpy(&statp->nsaddr_list[nserv], ai->ai_addr,
+                                ai->ai_addrlen);
+                    } else {
+                        statp->nsaddr_list[nserv].sin_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                XLOG("_resolv_populate_res_for_iface found too long addrlen");
+            }
+        }
+        statp->nscount = nserv;
+        // now do search domains.  Note that we cache the offsets as this code runs alot
+        // but the setting/offset-computer only runs when set/changed
+        strlcpy(statp->defdname, info->defdname, sizeof(statp->defdname));
+        register char **pp = statp->dnsrch;
+        register int *p = info->dnsrch_offset;
+        while (pp < statp->dnsrch + MAXDNSRCH && *p != -1) {
+            *pp++ = &statp->defdname + *p++;
+        }
+
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&_res_cache_list_lock);
+    }
+    return nserv;
+}
diff --git a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_data.c b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_data.c
index 014c99b..7e5a308 100644
--- a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_data.c
+++ b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_data.c
@@ -82,13 +82,7 @@
 
 int  res_ourserver_p(const res_state, const struct sockaddr *);
 
-#ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES
-static int res_need_init() {
-	return ((_nres.options & RES_INIT) == 0U) || res_get_dns_changed();
-}
-#else
 #define res_need_init()   ((_nres.options & RES_INIT) == 0U)
-#endif
 
 int
 res_init(void) {
diff --git a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_init.c b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_init.c
index 56a25af..ff65299 100644
--- a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_init.c
+++ b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_init.c
@@ -111,13 +111,6 @@
 /* ensure that sockaddr_in6 and IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT are declared / defined */
 #ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES
 #include "resolv_private.h"
-#define MAX_DNS_PROPERTIES 8
-#define DNS_PROP_NAME_PREFIX "net.dns"
-#define DNS_CHANGE_PROP_NAME "net.dnschange"
-#define DNS_SEARCH_PROP_NAME "net.dns.search"
-static const prop_info *dns_change_prop;
-static int dns_last_change_counter;
-static int _get_dns_change_count();
 #else
 #include <resolv.h>
 #endif
@@ -171,41 +164,6 @@
 	return (__res_vinit(statp, 0));
 }
 
-#ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES
-static int load_domain_search_list(res_state statp) {
-	char propvalue[PROP_VALUE_MAX];
-	register char *cp, **pp;
-
-	if(__system_property_get(DNS_SEARCH_PROP_NAME, propvalue) >= 1) {
-		strlcpy(statp->defdname, propvalue, sizeof(statp->defdname));
-		if ((cp = strchr(statp->defdname, '\n')) != NULL)
-			*cp = '\0';
-		cp = statp->defdname;
-		pp = statp->dnsrch;
-		while ( pp < statp->dnsrch + MAXDNSRCH ) {
-			while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') /* skip leading white space */
-				cp++;
-			if (*cp == '\0')  /* stop if nothing more */
-				break;
-			*pp++ = cp;  /* record this search domain */
-			while (*cp) { /* zero-terminate it */
-				if (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') {
-					*cp++ = '\0';
-					break;
-				}
-				cp++;
-			}
-		}
-		*pp = NULL; /* statp->dnsrch has MAXDNSRCH+1 items */
-		if (pp > statp->dnsrch)
-			return 1;
-	}
-	statp->defdname[0] = '\0';  /* no default domain name on Android */
-	statp->dnsrch[0] = NULL;
-	return 0;
-}
-#endif
-
 /* This function has to be reachable by res_data.c but not publicly. */
 int
 __res_vinit(res_state statp, int preinit) {
@@ -220,12 +178,6 @@
 	char *net;
 	int dots;
 	union res_sockaddr_union u[2];
-#ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES
-        pid_t mypid = getpid();
-        int use_proc_props = 0;
-        int found_prop;
-	char dnsProperty[PROP_VALUE_MAX];
-#endif
 
         if ((statp->options & RES_INIT) != 0U)
                 res_ndestroy(statp);
@@ -318,74 +270,8 @@
 	if (nserv > 0)
 		statp->nscount = nserv;
 #endif
-#ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES /* READ FROM SYSTEM PROPERTIES */
-	dns_last_change_counter = _get_dns_change_count();
 
-	nserv = 0;
-	for(n = 1; n <= MAX_DNS_PROPERTIES && nserv < MAXNS; n++) {
-		char propname[PROP_NAME_MAX];
-		char propvalue[PROP_VALUE_MAX];
-
-		struct addrinfo hints, *ai;
-		char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
-		const size_t minsiz = sizeof(statp->_u._ext.ext->nsaddrs[0]);
-
-		/*
-		 * Check first for process-specific properties, and if those don't
-		 * exist, try the generic properties.
-		 */
-		found_prop = 0;
-		if (n == 1 || use_proc_props) {
-			snprintf(propname, sizeof(propname), "%s%d.%d", DNS_PROP_NAME_PREFIX, n, mypid);
-			if(__system_property_get(propname, propvalue) < 1) {
-				if (use_proc_props) {
-					break;
-				}
-			} else {
-				found_prop = 1;
-				use_proc_props = 1;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!found_prop) {
-			snprintf(propname, sizeof(propname), "%s%d", DNS_PROP_NAME_PREFIX, n);
-			if(__system_property_get(propname, propvalue) < 1) {
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		cp = propvalue;
-
-		while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t')
-			cp++;
-		cp[strcspn(cp, ";# \t\n")] = '\0';
-		if ((*cp != '\0') && (*cp != '\n')) {
-			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
-			hints.ai_family = PF_UNSPEC;
-			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;	/*dummy*/
-			hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
-			sprintf(sbuf, "%u", NAMESERVER_PORT);
-			if (getaddrinfo(cp, sbuf, &hints, &ai) == 0 &&
-			    (size_t)ai->ai_addrlen <= minsiz) {
-				if (statp->_u._ext.ext != NULL) {
-					memcpy(&statp->_u._ext.ext->nsaddrs[nserv],
-					       ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
-				}
-				if ((size_t)ai->ai_addrlen <=
-				    sizeof(statp->nsaddr_list[nserv])) {
-					memcpy(&statp->nsaddr_list[nserv],
-					       ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
-				} else {
-					statp->nsaddr_list[nserv].sin_family = 0;
-				}
-				freeaddrinfo(ai);
-				nserv++;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* Add the domain search list */
-	havesearch = load_domain_search_list(statp);
-#else /* !ANDROID_CHANGES - IGNORE resolv.conf in Android */
+#ifndef ANDROID_CHANGES /* !ANDROID_CHANGES - IGNORE resolv.conf in Android */
 #define	MATCH(line, name) \
 	(!strncmp(line, name, sizeof(name) - 1) && \
 	(line[sizeof(name) - 1] == ' ' || \
@@ -907,32 +793,17 @@
 }
 
 #ifdef ANDROID_CHANGES
-static int _get_dns_change_count()
+void res_setiface(res_state statp, const char* iface)
 {
-	if (dns_change_prop == NULL) {
-		dns_change_prop = __system_property_find(DNS_CHANGE_PROP_NAME);
-	}
-	if (dns_change_prop != NULL) {
-		char propvalue[PROP_VALUE_MAX];
-		if (__system_property_read(dns_change_prop, NULL, propvalue) >= 1) {
-			return atoi(propvalue);
+	if (statp != NULL) {
+		// set interface
+		if (iface && iface[0] != '\0') {
+			int len = sizeof(statp->iface);
+			strncpy(statp->iface, iface, len - 1);
+			statp->iface[len - 1] = '\0';
+		} else {
+			statp->iface[0] = '\0';
 		}
 	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-int res_get_dns_changed()
-{
-	int change_count;
-
-	change_count = _get_dns_change_count();
-	if (change_count != dns_last_change_counter) {
-		if (change_count != -1) {
-			dns_last_change_counter = change_count;
-		}
-		return 1;
-	} else {
-		return 0;
-	}
 }
 #endif /* ANDROID_CHANGES */
diff --git a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_send.c b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_send.c
index f3ee539..ceb2c77 100644
--- a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_send.c
+++ b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_send.c
@@ -370,10 +370,13 @@
         ResolvCacheStatus     cache_status = RESOLV_CACHE_UNSUPPORTED;
 #endif
 
+#if !USE_RESOLV_CACHE
 	if (statp->nscount == 0) {
 		errno = ESRCH;
 		return (-1);
 	}
+#endif
+
 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
 		errno = EINVAL;
 		return (-1);
@@ -385,17 +388,27 @@
 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
 
 #if USE_RESOLV_CACHE
-        cache = __get_res_cache();
-        if (cache != NULL) {
-            int  anslen = 0;
-            cache_status = _resolv_cache_lookup(
-                                cache, buf, buflen,
-                                ans, anssiz, &anslen);
+	// get the cache associated with the interface
+	cache = __get_res_cache(statp->iface);
+	if (cache != NULL) {
+		int  anslen = 0;
+		cache_status = _resolv_cache_lookup(
+				cache, buf, buflen,
+				ans, anssiz, &anslen);
 
-            if (cache_status == RESOLV_CACHE_FOUND) {
-                return anslen;
-            }
-        }
+		if (cache_status == RESOLV_CACHE_FOUND) {
+			return anslen;
+		} else {
+			// had a cache miss for a known interface, so populate the thread private
+			// data so the normal resolve path can do its thing
+			_resolv_populate_res_for_iface(statp);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (statp->nscount == 0) {
+		errno = ESRCH;
+		return (-1);
+	}
 #endif
 
 	/*
diff --git a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_state.c b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_state.c
index e05846a..efaa519 100644
--- a/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_state.c
+++ b/libc/netbsd/resolv/res_state.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 #endif
 
 static pthread_key_t   _res_key;
-static pthread_once_t  _res_once;
+static pthread_once_t  _res_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
 
 typedef struct {
     int                  _h_errno;