diff --git a/minui/graphics_adf.h b/minui/graphics_adf.h
index 099d329..bf98428 100644
--- a/minui/graphics_adf.h
+++ b/minui/graphics_adf.h
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <adf/adf.h>
 
@@ -25,6 +28,11 @@
 
 class GRSurfaceAdf : public GRSurface {
  public:
+  ~GRSurfaceAdf() override;
+
+  static std::unique_ptr<GRSurfaceAdf> Create(int intf_fd, const drm_mode_modeinfo* mode,
+                                              __u32 format, int* err);
+
   uint8_t* data() override {
     return mmapped_buffer_;
   }
@@ -32,34 +40,36 @@
  private:
   friend class MinuiBackendAdf;
 
-  int fence_fd;
-  int fd;
-  __u32 offset;
-  __u32 pitch;
+  GRSurfaceAdf(int width, int height, int row_bytes, int pixel_bytes, __u32 offset, __u32 pitch,
+               int fd)
+      : GRSurface(width, height, row_bytes, pixel_bytes), offset(offset), pitch(pitch), fd(fd) {}
 
+  const __u32 offset;
+  const __u32 pitch;
+
+  int fd;
+  int fence_fd{ -1 };
   uint8_t* mmapped_buffer_{ nullptr };
 };
 
 class MinuiBackendAdf : public MinuiBackend {
  public:
+  MinuiBackendAdf();
+  ~MinuiBackendAdf() override;
   GRSurface* Init() override;
   GRSurface* Flip() override;
   void Blank(bool) override;
-  ~MinuiBackendAdf() override;
-  MinuiBackendAdf();
 
  private:
-  int SurfaceInit(const drm_mode_modeinfo* mode, GRSurfaceAdf* surf);
   int InterfaceInit();
   int DeviceInit(adf_device* dev);
-  void SurfaceDestroy(GRSurfaceAdf* surf);
   void Sync(GRSurfaceAdf* surf);
 
   int intf_fd;
   adf_id_t eng_id;
   __u32 format;
   adf_device dev;
-  unsigned int current_surface;
-  unsigned int n_surfaces;
-  GRSurfaceAdf surfaces[2];
+  size_t current_surface;
+  size_t n_surfaces;
+  std::unique_ptr<GRSurfaceAdf> surfaces[2];
 };