diff --git a/api/current.txt b/api/current.txt
index d944d24..861d6e8 100644
--- a/api/current.txt
+++ b/api/current.txt
@@ -12871,11 +12871,8 @@
     method @Nullable public android.content.res.loader.AssetsProvider getAssetsProvider();
     method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor) throws java.io.IOException;
     method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor, @Nullable android.content.res.loader.AssetsProvider) throws java.io.IOException;
-    method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull android.os.SharedMemory) throws java.io.IOException;
-    method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull android.os.SharedMemory, @Nullable android.content.res.loader.AssetsProvider) throws java.io.IOException;
     method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromSplit(@NonNull android.content.Context, @NonNull String) throws java.io.IOException;
     method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromTable(@NonNull android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor, @Nullable android.content.res.loader.AssetsProvider) throws java.io.IOException;
-    method @NonNull public static android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider loadFromTable(@NonNull android.os.SharedMemory, @Nullable android.content.res.loader.AssetsProvider) throws java.io.IOException;
   }
 
 }
@@ -82233,3 +82230,4 @@
   }
 
 }
+
diff --git a/core/java/android/app/ResourcesManager.java b/core/java/android/app/ResourcesManager.java
index 81671c3..60f61ce 100644
--- a/core/java/android/app/ResourcesManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/app/ResourcesManager.java
@@ -368,10 +368,9 @@
 
         // We must load this from disk.
         if (overlay) {
-            apkAssets = ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(overlayPathToIdmapPath(path),
-                    false /*system*/);
+            apkAssets = ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(overlayPathToIdmapPath(path), 0 /*flags*/);
         } else {
-            apkAssets = ApkAssets.loadFromPath(path, false /*system*/, sharedLib);
+            apkAssets = ApkAssets.loadFromPath(path, sharedLib ? ApkAssets.PROPERTY_DYNAMIC : 0);
         }
 
         if (mLoadedApkAssets != null) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageParser.java b/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageParser.java
index c6875a4..5ade261 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageParser.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageParser.java
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@
 import android.content.ComponentName;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.content.pm.parsing.ParsingPackageUtils;
 import android.content.pm.permission.SplitPermissionInfoParcelable;
 import android.content.pm.split.DefaultSplitAssetLoader;
 import android.content.pm.split.SplitAssetDependencyLoader;
@@ -1442,7 +1441,7 @@
         try {
             try {
                 apkAssets = fd != null
-                        ? ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fd, debugPathName, false, false)
+                        ? ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fd, debugPathName, 0 /* flags */)
                         : ApkAssets.loadFromPath(apkPath);
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 throw new PackageParserException(INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NOT_APK,
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/pm/parsing/ApkLiteParseUtils.java b/core/java/android/content/pm/parsing/ApkLiteParseUtils.java
index 4c6da03..88b4c29 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/pm/parsing/ApkLiteParseUtils.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/pm/parsing/ApkLiteParseUtils.java
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@
         try {
             try {
                 apkAssets = fd != null
-                        ? ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fd, debugPathName, false, false)
+                        ? ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fd, debugPathName, 0 /* flags */)
                         : ApkAssets.loadFromPath(apkPath);
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 throw new PackageParser.PackageParserException(
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java b/core/java/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java
index 8db2785..b9dad85 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java
@@ -15,17 +15,19 @@
  */
 package android.content.res;
 
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.content.om.OverlayableInfo;
 import android.content.res.loader.ResourcesProvider;
-import android.text.TextUtils;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
@@ -39,14 +41,72 @@
  * @hide
  */
 public final class ApkAssets {
-    @GuardedBy("this") private final long mNativePtr;
+
+    /**
+     * The apk assets contains framework resource values specified by the system.
+     * This allows some functions to filter out this package when computing what
+     * configurations/resources are available.
+     */
+    public static final int PROPERTY_SYSTEM = 1 << 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The apk assets is a shared library or was loaded as a shared library by force.
+     * The package ids of dynamic apk assets are assigned at runtime instead of compile time.
+     */
+    public static final int PROPERTY_DYNAMIC = 1 << 1;
+
+    /**
+     * The apk assets has been loaded dynamically using a {@link ResourcesProvider}.
+     * Loader apk assets overlay resources like RROs except they are not backed by an idmap.
+     */
+    public static final int PROPERTY_LOADER = 1 << 2;
+
+    /**
+     * The apk assets is a RRO.
+     * An RRO overlays resource values of its target package.
+     */
+    private static final int PROPERTY_OVERLAY = 1 << 3;
+
+    /** Flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets. */
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "PROPERTY_" }, value = {
+            PROPERTY_SYSTEM,
+            PROPERTY_DYNAMIC,
+            PROPERTY_LOADER,
+            PROPERTY_OVERLAY,
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    public @interface PropertyFlags {}
+
+    /** The path used to load the apk assets represents an APK file. */
+    private static final int FORMAT_APK = 0;
+
+    /** The path used to load the apk assets represents an idmap file. */
+    private static final int FORMAT_IDMAP = 1;
+
+    /** The path used to load the apk assets represents an resources.arsc file. */
+    private static final int FORMAT_ARSC = 2;
+
+    // Format types that change how the apk assets are loaded.
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "FORMAT_" }, value = {
+            FORMAT_APK,
+            FORMAT_IDMAP,
+            FORMAT_ARSC,
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    public @interface FormatType {}
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private final long mNativePtr;
 
     @Nullable
-    @GuardedBy("this") private final StringBlock mStringBlock;
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private final StringBlock mStringBlock;
 
-    @GuardedBy("this") private boolean mOpen = true;
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private boolean mOpen = true;
 
-    private final boolean mForLoader;
+    @PropertyFlags
+    private final int mFlags;
 
     /**
      * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given path on disk.
@@ -56,59 +116,59 @@
      * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
      */
     public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromPath(@NonNull String path) throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(path, false /*system*/, false /*forceSharedLib*/, false /*overlay*/,
-                false /*arscOnly*/, false /*forLoader*/);
+        return loadFromPath(path, 0 /* flags */);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given path on disk.
      *
      * @param path The path to an APK on disk.
-     * @param system When true, the APK is loaded as a system APK (framework).
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
      * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
      * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
      */
-    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromPath(@NonNull String path, boolean system)
+    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromPath(@NonNull String path, @PropertyFlags int flags)
             throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(path, system, false /*forceSharedLib*/, false /*overlay*/,
-                false /*arscOnly*/, false /*forLoader*/);
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_APK, path, flags);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given path on disk.
-     *
-     * @param path The path to an APK on disk.
-     * @param system When true, the APK is loaded as a system APK (framework).
-     * @param forceSharedLibrary When true, any packages within the APK with package ID 0x7f are
-     *                           loaded as a shared library.
-     * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
-     * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
-     */
-    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromPath(@NonNull String path, boolean system,
-            boolean forceSharedLibrary) throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(path, system, forceSharedLibrary, false /*overlay*/,
-                false /*arscOnly*/, false /*forLoader*/);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor. Not for use by applications.
+     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor.
      *
      * Performs a dup of the underlying fd, so you must take care of still closing
      * the FileDescriptor yourself (and can do that whenever you want).
      *
      * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable APK.
      * @param friendlyName The friendly name used to identify this ApkAssets when logging.
-     * @param system When true, the APK is loaded as a system APK (framework).
-     * @param forceSharedLibrary When true, any packages within the APK with package ID 0x7f are
-     *                           loaded as a shared library.
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
      * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
      * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
      */
     public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
-            @NonNull String friendlyName, boolean system, boolean forceSharedLibrary)
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException {
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_APK, fd, friendlyName, flags);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor.
+     *
+     * Performs a dup of the underlying fd, so you must take care of still closing
+     * the FileDescriptor yourself (and can do that whenever you want).
+     *
+     * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable APK.
+     * @param friendlyName The friendly name used to identify this ApkAssets when logging.
+     * @param offset The location within the file that the apk starts. This must be 0 if length is
+     *               {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}.
+     * @param length The number of bytes of the apk, or {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}
+     *               if it extends to the end of the file.
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
+     * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
+     * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
+     */
+    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, long offset, long length, @PropertyFlags int flags)
             throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(fd, friendlyName, system, forceSharedLibrary, false /*arscOnly*/,
-                false /*forLoader*/);
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_APK, fd, friendlyName, offset, length, flags);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -116,99 +176,101 @@
      * is encoded within the IDMAP.
      *
      * @param idmapPath Path to the IDMAP of an overlay APK.
-     * @param system When true, the APK is loaded as a system APK (framework).
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
      * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
      * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
      */
-    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadOverlayFromPath(@NonNull String idmapPath, boolean system)
-            throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(idmapPath, system, false /*forceSharedLibrary*/, true /*overlay*/,
-                false /*arscOnly*/, false /*forLoader*/);
+    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadOverlayFromPath(@NonNull String idmapPath,
+            @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException {
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_IDMAP, idmapPath, flags);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given path on disk for use with a
-     * {@link ResourcesProvider}.
-     *
-     * @param path The path to an APK on disk.
-     * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
-     * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
-     */
-    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadApkForLoader(@NonNull String path)
-            throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(path, false /*system*/, false /*forceSharedLibrary*/,
-                false /*overlay*/, false /*arscOnly*/, true /*forLoader*/);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor for use with a
-     * {@link ResourcesProvider}.
-     *
-     * Performs a dup of the underlying fd, so you must take care of still closing
-     * the FileDescriptor yourself (and can do that whenever you want).
-     *
-     * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable APK.
-     * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
-     * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
-     */
-    @NonNull
-    public static ApkAssets loadApkForLoader(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(fd, TextUtils.emptyIfNull(fd.toString()),
-                false /*system*/, false /*forceSharedLib*/, false /*arscOnly*/, true /*forLoader*/);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor representing an ARSC
+     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor representing a resources.arsc
      * for use with a {@link ResourcesProvider}.
      *
      * Performs a dup of the underlying fd, so you must take care of still closing
      * the FileDescriptor yourself (and can do that whenever you want).
      *
-     * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable .arsc.
+     * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable resources.arsc.
+     * @param friendlyName The friendly name used to identify this ApkAssets when logging.
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
      * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
      * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
      */
-    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadArscForLoader(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd)
+    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadTableFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException {
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_ARSC, fd, friendlyName, flags);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new ApkAssets instance from the given file descriptor representing a resources.arsc
+     * for use with a {@link ResourcesProvider}.
+     *
+     * Performs a dup of the underlying fd, so you must take care of still closing
+     * the FileDescriptor yourself (and can do that whenever you want).
+     *
+     * @param fd The FileDescriptor of an open, readable resources.arsc.
+     * @param friendlyName The friendly name used to identify this ApkAssets when logging.
+     * @param offset The location within the file that the table starts. This must be 0 if length is
+     *               {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}.
+     * @param length The number of bytes of the table, or {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}
+     *               if it extends to the end of the file.
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
+     * @return a new instance of ApkAssets.
+     * @throws IOException if a disk I/O error or parsing error occurred.
+     */
+    public static @NonNull ApkAssets loadTableFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, long offset, long length, @PropertyFlags int flags)
             throws IOException {
-        return new ApkAssets(fd, TextUtils.emptyIfNull(fd.toString()),
-                false /*system*/, false /*forceSharedLib*/, true /*arscOnly*/, true /*forLoader*/);
+        return new ApkAssets(FORMAT_ARSC, fd, friendlyName, offset, length, flags);
     }
 
     /**
      * Generates an entirely empty ApkAssets. Needed because the ApkAssets instance and presence
      * is required for a lot of APIs, and it's easier to have a non-null reference rather than
      * tracking a separate identifier.
+     *
+     * @param flags flags that change the behavior of loaded apk assets
      */
     @NonNull
-    public static ApkAssets loadEmptyForLoader() {
-        return new ApkAssets(true);
+    public static ApkAssets loadEmptyForLoader(@PropertyFlags int flags) {
+        return new ApkAssets(flags);
     }
 
-    private ApkAssets(boolean forLoader) {
-        mForLoader = forLoader;
-        mNativePtr = nativeLoadEmpty(forLoader);
-        mStringBlock = null;
-    }
-
-    private ApkAssets(@NonNull String path, boolean system, boolean forceSharedLib, boolean overlay,
-            boolean arscOnly, boolean forLoader) throws IOException {
-        mForLoader = forLoader;
+    private ApkAssets(@FormatType int format, @NonNull String path, @PropertyFlags int flags)
+            throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(path, "path");
-        mNativePtr = arscOnly ? nativeLoadArsc(path, forLoader)
-                : nativeLoad(path, system, forceSharedLib, overlay, forLoader);
+        mFlags = flags;
+        mNativePtr = nativeLoad(format, path, flags);
         mStringBlock = new StringBlock(nativeGetStringBlock(mNativePtr), true /*useSparse*/);
     }
 
-    private ApkAssets(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd, @NonNull String friendlyName, boolean system,
-            boolean forceSharedLib, boolean arscOnly, boolean forLoader) throws IOException {
-        mForLoader = forLoader;
+    private ApkAssets(@FormatType int format, @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(fd, "fd");
         Objects.requireNonNull(friendlyName, "friendlyName");
-        mNativePtr = arscOnly ? nativeLoadArscFromFd(fd, friendlyName, forLoader)
-                : nativeLoadFromFd(fd, friendlyName, system, forceSharedLib, forLoader);
+        mFlags = flags;
+        mNativePtr = nativeLoadFd(format, fd, friendlyName, flags);
         mStringBlock = new StringBlock(nativeGetStringBlock(mNativePtr), true /*useSparse*/);
     }
 
+    private ApkAssets(@FormatType int format, @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, long offset, long length, @PropertyFlags int flags)
+            throws IOException {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(fd, "fd");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(friendlyName, "friendlyName");
+        mFlags = flags;
+        mNativePtr = nativeLoadFdOffsets(format, fd, friendlyName, offset, length, flags);
+        mStringBlock = new StringBlock(nativeGetStringBlock(mNativePtr), true /*useSparse*/);
+    }
+
+    private ApkAssets(@PropertyFlags int flags) {
+        mFlags = flags;
+        mNativePtr = nativeLoadEmpty(flags);
+        mStringBlock = null;
+    }
+
     @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public @NonNull String getAssetPath() {
         synchronized (this) {
@@ -226,8 +288,9 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /** Returns whether this apk assets was loaded using a {@link ResourcesProvider}. */
     public boolean isForLoader() {
-        return mForLoader;
+        return (mFlags & PROPERTY_LOADER) != 0;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -300,18 +363,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static native long nativeLoad(@NonNull String path, boolean system,
-            boolean forceSharedLib, boolean overlay, boolean forLoader)
-            throws IOException;
-    private static native long nativeLoadFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
-            @NonNull String friendlyName, boolean system, boolean forceSharedLib,
-            boolean forLoader)
-            throws IOException;
-    private static native long nativeLoadArsc(@NonNull String path, boolean forLoader)
-            throws IOException;
-    private static native long nativeLoadArscFromFd(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
-            @NonNull String friendlyName, boolean forLoader) throws IOException;
-    private static native long nativeLoadEmpty(boolean forLoader);
+    private static native long nativeLoad(@FormatType int format, @NonNull String path,
+            @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException;
+    private static native long nativeLoadEmpty(@PropertyFlags int flags);
+    private static native long nativeLoadFd(@FormatType int format, @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull String friendlyName, @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException;
+    private static native long nativeLoadFdOffsets(@FormatType int format,
+            @NonNull FileDescriptor fd, @NonNull String friendlyName, long offset, long length,
+            @PropertyFlags int flags) throws IOException;
     private static native void nativeDestroy(long ptr);
     private static native @NonNull String nativeGetAssetPath(long ptr);
     private static native long nativeGetStringBlock(long ptr);
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/res/AssetManager.java b/core/java/android/content/res/AssetManager.java
index f295f8c..6b9613d 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/res/AssetManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/res/AssetManager.java
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@
 
         try {
             final ArrayList<ApkAssets> apkAssets = new ArrayList<>();
-            apkAssets.add(ApkAssets.loadFromPath(frameworkPath, true /*system*/));
+            apkAssets.add(ApkAssets.loadFromPath(frameworkPath, ApkAssets.PROPERTY_SYSTEM));
 
             final String[] systemIdmapPaths =
                     OverlayConfig.getZygoteInstance().createImmutableFrameworkIdmapsInZygote();
             for (String idmapPath : systemIdmapPaths) {
-                apkAssets.add(ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(idmapPath, true /*system*/));
+                apkAssets.add(ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(idmapPath, ApkAssets.PROPERTY_SYSTEM));
             }
 
             sSystemApkAssetsSet = new ArraySet<>(apkAssets);
@@ -443,9 +443,10 @@
                     final String idmapPath = "/data/resource-cache/"
                             + path.substring(1).replace('/', '@')
                             + "@idmap";
-                    assets = ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(idmapPath, false /*system*/);
+                    assets = ApkAssets.loadOverlayFromPath(idmapPath, 0 /* flags */);
                 } else {
-                    assets = ApkAssets.loadFromPath(path, false /*system*/, appAsLib);
+                    assets = ApkAssets.loadFromPath(path,
+                            appAsLib ? ApkAssets.PROPERTY_DYNAMIC : 0);
                 }
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 return 0;
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/res/Resources.java b/core/java/android/content/res/Resources.java
index cb809da..e77d8af 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/res/Resources.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/res/Resources.java
@@ -2388,6 +2388,9 @@
      * Adds a loader to the list of loaders. If the loader is already present in the list, the list
      * will not be modified.
      *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * loader changes.
+     *
      * @param loaders the loaders to add
      */
     public void addLoaders(@NonNull ResourcesLoader... loaders) {
@@ -2419,6 +2422,9 @@
      * Removes loaders from the list of loaders. If the loader is not present in the list, the list
      * will not be modified.
      *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * loader changes.
+     *
      * @param loaders the loaders to remove
      */
     public void removeLoaders(@NonNull ResourcesLoader... loaders) {
@@ -2448,6 +2454,9 @@
 
     /**
      * Removes all {@link ResourcesLoader ResourcesLoader(s)}.
+     *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * loader changes.
      * @hide
      */
     @VisibleForTesting
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesLoader.java b/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesLoader.java
index 58fec60..c308400 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesLoader.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesLoader.java
@@ -45,6 +45,11 @@
  *
  * <p>Providers retrieved with {@link #getProviders()} are listed in increasing precedence order. A
  * provider will override the resources and assets of providers listed before itself.
+ *
+ * <p>Modifying the list of providers a loader contains or the list of loaders a Resources object
+ * contains can cause lock contention with the UI thread. APIs that modify the lists of loaders or
+ * providers should only be used on the UI thread. Providers can be instantiated on any thread
+ * without causing lock contention.
  */
 public class ResourcesLoader {
     private final Object mLock = new Object();
@@ -88,6 +93,9 @@
      * Appends a provider to the end of the provider list. If the provider is already present in the
      * loader list, the list will not be modified.
      *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * provider changes.
+     *
      * @param resourcesProvider the provider to add
      */
     public void addProvider(@NonNull ResourcesProvider resourcesProvider) {
@@ -102,6 +110,9 @@
      * Removes a provider from the provider list. If the provider is not present in the provider
      * list, the list will not be modified.
      *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * provider changes.
+     *
      * @param resourcesProvider the provider to remove
      */
     public void removeProvider(@NonNull ResourcesProvider resourcesProvider) {
@@ -115,6 +126,9 @@
     /**
      * Sets the list of providers.
      *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * provider changes.
+     *
      * @param resourcesProviders the new providers
      */
     public void setProviders(@NonNull List<ResourcesProvider> resourcesProviders) {
@@ -124,7 +138,12 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /** Removes all {@link ResourcesProvider ResourcesProvider(s)}. */
+    /**
+     * Removes all {@link ResourcesProvider ResourcesProvider(s)}.
+     *
+     * <p>This should only be called from the UI thread to avoid lock contention when propagating
+     * provider changes.
+     */
     public void clearProviders() {
         synchronized (mLock) {
             mProviders = null;
@@ -206,7 +225,6 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Invokes registered callbacks when the list of {@link ResourcesProvider} instances this loader
      * uses changes.
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesProvider.java b/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesProvider.java
index 419ec78..1d24dda 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesProvider.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/res/loader/ResourcesProvider.java
@@ -21,19 +21,21 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.res.ApkAssets;
+import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
-import android.os.SharedMemory;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
 
 import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * Provides methods to load resources data from APKs ({@code .apk}) and resources tables
- * {@code .arsc} for use with {@link ResourcesLoader ResourcesLoader(s)}.
+ * (eg. {@code resources.arsc}) for use with {@link ResourcesLoader ResourcesLoader(s)}.
  */
 public class ResourcesProvider implements AutoCloseable, Closeable {
     private static final String TAG = "ResourcesProvider";
@@ -51,70 +53,110 @@
     private final AssetsProvider mAssetsProvider;
 
     /**
-     * Creates an empty ResourcesProvider with no resource data. This is useful for loading assets
-     * that are not associated with resource identifiers.
+     * Creates an empty ResourcesProvider with no resource data. This is useful for loading
+     * file-based assets not associated with resource identifiers.
      *
-     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that overrides the loading of file-based resources
+     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that implements the loading of file-based resources
      */
     @NonNull
     public static ResourcesProvider empty(@NonNull AssetsProvider assetsProvider) {
-        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadEmptyForLoader(), assetsProvider);
+        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadEmptyForLoader(ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER),
+                assetsProvider);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a ResourcesProvider from an APK ({@code .apk}) file descriptor.
      *
-     * The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
+     * <p>The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
      * time without affecting the ResourcesProvider.
      *
      * @param fileDescriptor the file descriptor of the APK to load
+     *
+     * @see ParcelFileDescriptor#open(File, int)
+     * @see android.system.Os#memfd_create(String, int)
      */
     @NonNull
     public static ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor)
             throws IOException {
-        return loadFromApk(fileDescriptor, null);
+        return loadFromApk(fileDescriptor, null /* assetsProvider */);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a ResourcesProvider from an APK ({@code .apk}) file descriptor.
      *
-     * The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
+     * <p>The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
      * time without affecting the ResourcesProvider.
      *
+     * <p>The assets provider can override the loading of files within the APK and can provide
+     * entirely new files that do not exist in the APK.
+     *
      * @param fileDescriptor the file descriptor of the APK to load
      * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that overrides the loading of file-based resources
+     *
+     * @see ParcelFileDescriptor#open(File, int)
+     * @see android.system.Os#memfd_create(String, int)
      */
     @NonNull
     public static ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor,
             @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
             throws IOException {
-        return new ResourcesProvider(
-                ApkAssets.loadApkForLoader(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor()), assetsProvider);
+        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor(),
+                fileDescriptor.toString(), ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER), assetsProvider);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a ResourcesProvider from an {@code .apk} file representation in memory.
+     * Creates a ResourcesProvider from an APK ({@code .apk}) file descriptor.
      *
-     * @param sharedMemory the shared memory containing the data of the APK to load
+     * <p>The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
+     * time without affecting the ResourcesProvider.
+     *
+     * <p>The assets provider can override the loading of files within the APK and can provide
+     * entirely new files that do not exist in the APK.
+     *
+     * @param fileDescriptor the file descriptor of the APK to load
+     * @param offset The location within the file that the apk starts. This must be 0 if length is
+     *               {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}.
+     * @param length The number of bytes of the apk, or {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}
+     *               if it extends to the end of the file.
+     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that overrides the loading of file-based resources
+     *
+     * @see ParcelFileDescriptor#open(File, int)
+     * @see android.system.Os#memfd_create(String, int)
+     * @hide
      */
+    @VisibleForTesting
     @NonNull
-    public static ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull SharedMemory sharedMemory)
+    public static ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor,
+            long offset, long length, @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
             throws IOException {
-        return loadFromApk(sharedMemory, null);
+        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadFromFd(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor(),
+                fileDescriptor.toString(), offset, length, ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER),
+                assetsProvider);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Creates a ResourcesProvider from an {@code .apk} file representation in memory.
+     * Creates a ResourcesProvider from a resources table ({@code .arsc}) file descriptor.
      *
-     * @param sharedMemory the shared memory containing the data of the APK to load
+     * <p>The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
+     * time without affecting the ResourcesProvider.
+     *
+     * <p>The resources table format is not an archive format and therefore cannot asset files
+     * within itself. The assets provider can instead provide files that are potentially referenced
+     * by path in the resources table.
+     *
+     * @param fileDescriptor the file descriptor of the resources table to load
      * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that implements the loading of file-based resources
+     *
+     * @see ParcelFileDescriptor#open(File, int)
+     * @see android.system.Os#memfd_create(String, int)
      */
     @NonNull
-    public static ResourcesProvider loadFromApk(@NonNull SharedMemory sharedMemory,
+    public static ResourcesProvider loadFromTable(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor,
             @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
             throws IOException {
         return new ResourcesProvider(
-                ApkAssets.loadApkForLoader(sharedMemory.getFileDescriptor()), assetsProvider);
+                ApkAssets.loadTableFromFd(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor(),
+                        fileDescriptor.toString(), ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER), assetsProvider);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -123,30 +165,30 @@
      * The file descriptor is duplicated and the original may be closed by the application at any
      * time without affecting the ResourcesProvider.
      *
+     * <p>The resources table format is not an archive format and therefore cannot asset files
+     * within itself. The assets provider can instead provide files that are potentially referenced
+     * by path in the resources table.
+     *
      * @param fileDescriptor the file descriptor of the resources table to load
-     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that implements the loading of file-based resources
+     * @param offset The location within the file that the table starts. This must be 0 if length is
+     *               {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}.
+     * @param length The number of bytes of the table, or {@link AssetFileDescriptor#UNKNOWN_LENGTH}
+     *               if it extends to the end of the file.
+     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that overrides the loading of file-based resources
+     *
+     * @see ParcelFileDescriptor#open(File, int)
+     * @see android.system.Os#memfd_create(String, int)
+     * @hide
      */
+    @VisibleForTesting
     @NonNull
     public static ResourcesProvider loadFromTable(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor,
-            @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
+            long offset, long length, @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
             throws IOException {
         return new ResourcesProvider(
-                ApkAssets.loadArscForLoader(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor()), assetsProvider);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a ResourcesProvider from a resources table ({@code .arsc}) file representation in
-     * memory.
-     *
-     * @param sharedMemory the shared memory containing the data of the resources table to load
-     * @param assetsProvider the assets provider that overrides the loading of file-based resources
-     */
-    @NonNull
-    public static ResourcesProvider loadFromTable(@NonNull SharedMemory sharedMemory,
-            @Nullable AssetsProvider assetsProvider)
-            throws IOException {
-        return new ResourcesProvider(
-                ApkAssets.loadArscForLoader(sharedMemory.getFileDescriptor()), assetsProvider);
+                ApkAssets.loadTableFromFd(fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor(),
+                        fileDescriptor.toString(), offset, length, ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER),
+                assetsProvider);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -166,7 +208,8 @@
         }
 
         String splitPath = appInfo.getSplitCodePaths()[splitIndex];
-        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadApkForLoader(splitPath), null);
+        return new ResourcesProvider(ApkAssets.loadFromPath(splitPath, ApkAssets.PROPERTY_LOADER),
+                null);
     }
 
     private ResourcesProvider(@NonNull ApkAssets apkAssets,
diff --git a/core/jni/android_content_res_ApkAssets.cpp b/core/jni/android_content_res_ApkAssets.cpp
index 491d4a6..44f8a31 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_content_res_ApkAssets.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_content_res_ApkAssets.cpp
@@ -37,8 +37,21 @@
   jmethodID constructor;
 } gOverlayableInfoOffsets;
 
-static jlong NativeLoad(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jstring java_path, jboolean system,
-                        jboolean force_shared_lib, jboolean overlay, jboolean for_loader) {
+// Keep in sync with f/b/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java
+using format_type_t = jint;
+enum : format_type_t {
+  // The path used to load the apk assets represents an APK file.
+  FORMAT_APK = 0,
+
+  // The path used to load the apk assets represents an idmap file.
+  FORMAT_IDMAP = 1,
+
+  // The path used to load the apk assets represents an resources.arsc file.
+  FORMAT_ARSC = 2,
+};
+
+static jlong NativeLoad(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, const format_type_t format,
+                        jstring java_path, const jint property_flags) {
   ScopedUtfChars path(env, java_path);
   if (path.c_str() == nullptr) {
     return 0;
@@ -47,25 +60,33 @@
   ATRACE_NAME(base::StringPrintf("LoadApkAssets(%s)", path.c_str()).c_str());
 
   std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets;
-  if (overlay) {
-    apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadOverlay(path.c_str(), system);
-  } else if (force_shared_lib) {
-    apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadAsSharedLibrary(path.c_str(), system);
-  } else {
-    apk_assets = ApkAssets::Load(path.c_str(), system, for_loader);
+  switch (format) {
+    case FORMAT_APK:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::Load(path.c_str(), property_flags);
+      break;
+    case FORMAT_IDMAP:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadOverlay(path.c_str(), property_flags);
+      break;
+    case FORMAT_ARSC:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadTable(path.c_str(), property_flags);
+      break;
+    default:
+      const std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Unsupported format type %d", format);
+      jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", error_msg.c_str());
+      return 0;
   }
 
   if (apk_assets == nullptr) {
-    std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path %s", path.c_str());
+    const std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path %s", path.c_str());
     jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", error_msg.c_str());
     return 0;
   }
   return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(apk_assets.release());
 }
 
-static jlong NativeLoadFromFd(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jobject file_descriptor,
-                              jstring friendly_name, jboolean system, jboolean force_shared_lib,
-                              jboolean for_loader) {
+static jlong NativeLoadFromFd(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, const format_type_t format,
+                              jobject file_descriptor, jstring friendly_name,
+                              const jint property_flags) {
   ScopedUtfChars friendly_name_utf8(env, friendly_name);
   if (friendly_name_utf8.c_str() == nullptr) {
     return 0;
@@ -85,49 +106,53 @@
     return 0;
   }
 
-  auto dup_fd_id = dup_fd.get();
-  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadFromFd(std::move(dup_fd),
-                                                                      friendly_name_utf8.c_str(),
-                                                                      system, force_shared_lib,
-                                                                      for_loader);
+  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets;
+  switch (format) {
+    case FORMAT_APK:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadFromFd(std::move(dup_fd), friendly_name_utf8.c_str(),
+                                         property_flags);
+      break;
+    case FORMAT_ARSC:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadTableFromFd(std::move(dup_fd), friendly_name_utf8.c_str(),
+                                              property_flags);
+      break;
+    default:
+      const std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Unsupported format type %d", format);
+      jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", error_msg.c_str());
+      return 0;
+  }
 
   if (apk_assets == nullptr) {
     std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path %s from fd %d",
-                                               friendly_name_utf8.c_str(), dup_fd_id);
+                                               friendly_name_utf8.c_str(), fd);
     jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", error_msg.c_str());
     return 0;
   }
   return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(apk_assets.release());
 }
 
-static jlong NativeLoadArsc(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jstring java_path,
-                            jboolean for_loader) {
-  ScopedUtfChars path(env, java_path);
-  if (path.c_str() == nullptr) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  ATRACE_NAME(base::StringPrintf("LoadApkAssetsArsc(%s)", path.c_str()).c_str());
-
-  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadArsc(path.c_str(), for_loader);
-
-  if (apk_assets == nullptr) {
-    std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path %s", path.c_str());
-    jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", error_msg.c_str());
-    return 0;
-  }
-  return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(apk_assets.release());
-}
-
-static jlong NativeLoadArscFromFd(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jobject file_descriptor,
-                                  jstring friendly_name, jboolean for_loader) {
+static jlong NativeLoadFromFdOffset(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, const format_type_t format,
+                                    jobject file_descriptor, jstring friendly_name,
+                                    const jlong offset, const jlong length,
+                                    const jint property_flags) {
   ScopedUtfChars friendly_name_utf8(env, friendly_name);
   if (friendly_name_utf8.c_str() == nullptr) {
     return 0;
   }
 
+  if (offset < 0) {
+    jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
+                     "offset cannot be negative");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (length < 0) {
+    jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
+                     "length cannot be negative");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, file_descriptor);
-  ATRACE_NAME(base::StringPrintf("LoadApkAssetsArscFd(%d)", fd).c_str());
   if (fd < 0) {
     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", "Bad FileDescriptor");
     return 0;
@@ -139,18 +164,37 @@
     return 0;
   }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets =
-      ApkAssets::LoadArsc(std::move(dup_fd), friendly_name_utf8.c_str(), for_loader);
+  ATRACE_NAME(base::StringPrintf("LoadApkAssetsFd(%s)", friendly_name_utf8.c_str()).c_str());
+
+  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets;
+  switch (format) {
+    case FORMAT_APK:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadFromFd(std::move(dup_fd), friendly_name_utf8.c_str(),
+                                         property_flags, static_cast<off64_t>(offset),
+                                         static_cast<off64_t>(length));
+      break;
+    case FORMAT_ARSC:
+      apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadTableFromFd(std::move(dup_fd), friendly_name_utf8.c_str(),
+                                              property_flags, static_cast<off64_t>(offset),
+                                              static_cast<off64_t>(length));
+      break;
+    default:
+      const std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Unsupported format type %d", format);
+      jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", error_msg.c_str());
+      return 0;
+  }
+
   if (apk_assets == nullptr) {
-    std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path from fd %d", fd);
+    std::string error_msg = base::StringPrintf("Failed to load asset path %s from fd %d",
+                                               friendly_name_utf8.c_str(), fd);
     jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", error_msg.c_str());
     return 0;
   }
   return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(apk_assets.release());
 }
 
-static jlong NativeLoadEmpty(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jboolean for_loader) {
-  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadEmpty(for_loader);
+static jlong NativeLoadEmpty(JNIEnv* env, jclass /*clazz*/, jint flags) {
+  std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadEmpty(flags);
   return reinterpret_cast<jlong>(apk_assets.release());
 }
 
@@ -252,13 +296,11 @@
 
 // JNI registration.
 static const JNINativeMethod gApkAssetsMethods[] = {
-    {"nativeLoad", "(Ljava/lang/String;ZZZZ)J", (void*)NativeLoad},
-    {"nativeLoadFromFd", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/String;ZZZ)J",
-        (void*)NativeLoadFromFd},
-    {"nativeLoadArsc", "(Ljava/lang/String;Z)J", (void*)NativeLoadArsc},
-    {"nativeLoadArscFromFd", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/String;Z)J",
-        (void*)NativeLoadArscFromFd},
-    {"nativeLoadEmpty", "(Z)J", (void*)NativeLoadEmpty},
+    {"nativeLoad", "(ILjava/lang/String;I)J", (void*)NativeLoad},
+    {"nativeLoadEmpty", "(I)J", (void*)NativeLoadEmpty},
+    {"nativeLoadFd", "(ILjava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/String;I)J", (void*)NativeLoadFromFd},
+     {"nativeLoadFdOffsets", "(ILjava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/String;JJI)J",
+        (void*)NativeLoadFromFdOffset},
     {"nativeDestroy", "(J)V", (void*)NativeDestroy},
     {"nativeGetAssetPath", "(J)Ljava/lang/String;", (void*)NativeGetAssetPath},
     {"nativeGetStringBlock", "(J)J", (void*)NativeGetStringBlock},
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/ApkAssets.cpp b/libs/androidfw/ApkAssets.cpp
index b2b0ec2..946fcc0 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/ApkAssets.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/ApkAssets.cpp
@@ -41,28 +41,85 @@
 static const std::string kResourcesArsc("resources.arsc");
 
 ApkAssets::ApkAssets(ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle,
-                     const std::string& path,
+                     std::string path,
                      time_t last_mod_time,
                      package_property_t property_flags)
-    : zip_handle_(unmanaged_handle, ::CloseArchive), path_(path), last_mod_time_(last_mod_time),
+    : zip_handle_(unmanaged_handle, ::CloseArchive),
+      path_(std::move(path)),
+      last_mod_time_(last_mod_time),
       property_flags_(property_flags) {
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::Load(const std::string& path, bool system,
-                                                 bool for_loader) {
-  package_property_t flags = (system ? PROPERTY_SYSTEM : 0U) |
-                             (for_loader ? PROPERTY_LOADER : 0U);
-  return LoadImpl({} /*fd*/, path, nullptr, nullptr, flags);
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::Load(const std::string& path,
+                                                 const package_property_t flags) {
+  ::ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle;
+  const int32_t result = ::OpenArchive(path.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle);
+  if (result != 0) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open APK '" << path << "' " << ::ErrorCodeString(result);
+    ::CloseArchive(unmanaged_handle);
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  return LoadImpl(unmanaged_handle,  path, nullptr /*idmap_asset*/, nullptr /*loaded_idmap*/,
+                  flags);
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadAsSharedLibrary(const std::string& path,
-                                                                bool system) {
-  package_property_t flags = PROPERTY_DYNAMIC | (system ? PROPERTY_SYSTEM : 0U);
-  return LoadImpl({} /*fd*/, path, nullptr, nullptr, flags);
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadFromFd(unique_fd fd,
+                                                       const std::string& friendly_name,
+                                                       const package_property_t flags,
+                                                       const off64_t offset,
+                                                       const off64_t length) {
+  CHECK(length >= kUnknownLength) << "length must be greater than or equal to " << kUnknownLength;
+  CHECK(length != kUnknownLength || offset == 0) << "offset must be 0 if length is "
+                                                 << kUnknownLength;
+
+  ::ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle;
+  const int32_t result = (length == kUnknownLength)
+      ? ::OpenArchiveFd(fd.release(), friendly_name.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle)
+      : ::OpenArchiveFdRange(fd.release(), friendly_name.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle, length,
+                             offset);
+
+  if (result != 0) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open APK '" << friendly_name << "' through FD with offset " << offset
+               << " and length " << length << ": " << ::ErrorCodeString(result);
+    ::CloseArchive(unmanaged_handle);
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  return LoadImpl(unmanaged_handle, friendly_name, nullptr /*idmap_asset*/,
+                  nullptr /*loaded_idmap*/, flags);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadTable(const std::string& path,
+                                                      const package_property_t flags) {
+  auto resources_asset = CreateAssetFromFile(path);
+  if (!resources_asset) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open ARSC '" << path;
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  return LoadTableImpl(std::move(resources_asset), path, flags);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadTableFromFd(unique_fd fd,
+                                                            const std::string& friendly_name,
+                                                            const package_property_t flags,
+                                                            const off64_t offset,
+                                                            const off64_t length) {
+  auto resources_asset = CreateAssetFromFd(std::move(fd), nullptr /* path */, offset, length);
+  if (!resources_asset) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open ARSC '" << friendly_name << "' through FD with offset " << offset
+               << " and length " << length;
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  return LoadTableImpl(std::move(resources_asset), friendly_name, flags);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadOverlay(const std::string& idmap_path,
-                                                        bool system) {
+                                                        const package_property_t flags) {
+  CHECK((flags & PROPERTY_LOADER) == 0U) << "Cannot load RROs through loaders";
+
   std::unique_ptr<Asset> idmap_asset = CreateAssetFromFile(idmap_path);
   if (idmap_asset == nullptr) {
     return {};
@@ -77,75 +134,74 @@
     return {};
   }
 
-  auto apkPath = loaded_idmap->OverlayApkPath();
-  return LoadImpl({} /*fd*/, apkPath,
-                  std::move(idmap_asset),
-                  std::move(loaded_idmap),
-                  PROPERTY_OVERLAY | (system ? PROPERTY_SYSTEM : 0U));
-}
 
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadFromFd(unique_fd fd,
-                                                       const std::string& friendly_name,
-                                                       bool system, bool force_shared_lib,
-                                                       bool for_loader) {
-  package_property_t flags = (system ? PROPERTY_SYSTEM : 0U) |
-                             (force_shared_lib ? PROPERTY_DYNAMIC : 0U) |
-                             (for_loader ? PROPERTY_LOADER : 0U);
-  return LoadImpl(std::move(fd), friendly_name, nullptr /*idmap_asset*/, nullptr /*loaded_idmap*/,
-                  flags);
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadArsc(const std::string& path,
-                                                     bool for_loader) {
-  return LoadArscImpl({} /*fd*/, path, for_loader ? PROPERTY_LOADER : 0U);
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadArsc(unique_fd fd,
-                                                     const std::string& friendly_name,
-                                                     bool for_loader) {
-  return LoadArscImpl(std::move(fd), friendly_name, for_loader ? PROPERTY_LOADER : 0U);
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<Asset> ApkAssets::CreateAssetFromFile(const std::string& path) {
-  unique_fd fd(base::utf8::open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_CLOEXEC));
-  if (fd == -1) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open file '" << path << "': " << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  const off64_t file_len = lseek64(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
-  if (file_len < 0) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get size of file '" << path << "': " << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  std::unique_ptr<FileMap> file_map = util::make_unique<FileMap>();
-  if (!file_map->create(path.c_str(), fd, 0, static_cast<size_t>(file_len), true /*readOnly*/)) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mmap file '" << path << "': " << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
-    return {};
-  }
-  return Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(std::move(file_map), Asset::AccessMode::ACCESS_RANDOM);
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadImpl(
-    unique_fd fd, const std::string& path, std::unique_ptr<Asset> idmap_asset,
-    std::unique_ptr<const LoadedIdmap> loaded_idmap, package_property_t property_flags) {
   ::ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle;
-  int32_t result;
-  if (fd >= 0) {
-    result =
-        ::OpenArchiveFd(fd.release(), path.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle, true /*assume_ownership*/);
-  } else {
-    result = ::OpenArchive(path.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle);
-  }
-
+  auto overlay_path = loaded_idmap->OverlayApkPath();
+  const int32_t result = ::OpenArchive(overlay_path.c_str(), &unmanaged_handle);
   if (result != 0) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open APK '" << path << "' " << ::ErrorCodeString(result);
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open overlay APK '" << overlay_path << "' "
+               << ::ErrorCodeString(result);
     ::CloseArchive(unmanaged_handle);
     return {};
   }
 
-  time_t last_mod_time = getFileModDate(path.c_str());
+  return LoadImpl(unmanaged_handle, overlay_path, std::move(idmap_asset), std::move(loaded_idmap),
+                  flags | PROPERTY_OVERLAY);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadEmpty(const package_property_t flags) {
+  std::unique_ptr<ApkAssets> loaded_apk(new ApkAssets(nullptr, "empty", -1, flags));
+  loaded_apk->loaded_arsc_ = LoadedArsc::CreateEmpty();
+  // Need to force a move for mingw32.
+  return std::move(loaded_apk);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Asset> ApkAssets::CreateAssetFromFile(const std::string& path) {
+  unique_fd fd(base::utf8::open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_BINARY | O_CLOEXEC));
+  if (!fd.ok()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open file '" << path << "': " << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  return CreateAssetFromFd(std::move(fd), path.c_str());
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Asset> ApkAssets::CreateAssetFromFd(base::unique_fd fd,
+                                                    const char* path,
+                                                    off64_t offset,
+                                                    off64_t length) {
+  CHECK(length >= kUnknownLength) << "length must be greater than or equal to " << kUnknownLength;
+  CHECK(length != kUnknownLength || offset == 0) << "offset must be 0 if length is "
+                                                 << kUnknownLength;
+  if (length == kUnknownLength) {
+    length = lseek64(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+    if (length < 0) {
+      LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get size of file '" << ((path) ? path : "anon") << "': "
+                 << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
+      return {};
+    }
+  }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<FileMap> file_map = util::make_unique<FileMap>();
+  if (!file_map->create(path, fd, offset, static_cast<size_t>(length), true /*readOnly*/)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mmap file '" << ((path) ? path : "anon") << "': "
+               << SystemErrorCodeToString(errno);
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  // If `path` is set, do not pass ownership of the `fd` to the new Asset since
+  // Asset::openFileDescriptor can use `path` to create new file descriptors.
+  return Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(std::move(file_map),
+                                          (path) ? base::unique_fd(-1) : std::move(fd),
+                                          Asset::AccessMode::ACCESS_RANDOM);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadImpl(ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle,
+                                                     const std::string& path,
+                                                     std::unique_ptr<Asset> idmap_asset,
+                                                     std::unique_ptr<const LoadedIdmap> idmap,
+                                                     package_property_t property_flags) {
+  const time_t last_mod_time = getFileModDate(path.c_str());
 
   // Wrap the handle in a unique_ptr so it gets automatically closed.
   std::unique_ptr<ApkAssets>
@@ -153,7 +209,7 @@
 
   // Find the resource table.
   ::ZipEntry entry;
-  result = ::FindEntry(loaded_apk->zip_handle_.get(), kResourcesArsc, &entry);
+  int32_t result = ::FindEntry(loaded_apk->zip_handle_.get(), kResourcesArsc, &entry);
   if (result != 0) {
     // There is no resources.arsc, so create an empty LoadedArsc and return.
     loaded_apk->loaded_arsc_ = LoadedArsc::CreateEmpty();
@@ -173,7 +229,7 @@
 
   // Must retain ownership of the IDMAP Asset so that all pointers to its mmapped data remain valid.
   loaded_apk->idmap_asset_ = std::move(idmap_asset);
-  loaded_apk->loaded_idmap_ = std::move(loaded_idmap);
+  loaded_apk->loaded_idmap_ = std::move(idmap);
 
   const StringPiece data(
       reinterpret_cast<const char*>(loaded_apk->resources_asset_->getBuffer(true /*wordAligned*/)),
@@ -189,24 +245,10 @@
   return std::move(loaded_apk);
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadArscImpl(unique_fd fd,
-                                                         const std::string& path,
-                                                         package_property_t property_flags) {
-  std::unique_ptr<Asset> resources_asset;
-
-  if (fd >= 0) {
-    resources_asset = std::unique_ptr<Asset>(Asset::createFromFd(fd.release(), nullptr,
-        Asset::AccessMode::ACCESS_BUFFER));
-  } else {
-    resources_asset = CreateAssetFromFile(path);
-  }
-
-  if (resources_asset == nullptr) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open ARSC '" << path;
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  time_t last_mod_time = getFileModDate(path.c_str());
+std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadTableImpl(std::unique_ptr<Asset> resources_asset,
+                                                          const std::string& path,
+                                                          package_property_t property_flags) {
+  const time_t last_mod_time = getFileModDate(path.c_str());
 
   std::unique_ptr<ApkAssets> loaded_apk(
       new ApkAssets(nullptr, path, last_mod_time, property_flags));
@@ -225,13 +267,6 @@
   return std::move(loaded_apk);
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> ApkAssets::LoadEmpty(bool for_loader) {
-  std::unique_ptr<ApkAssets> loaded_apk(new ApkAssets(nullptr, "", -1, for_loader));
-  loaded_apk->loaded_arsc_ = LoadedArsc::CreateEmpty();
-  // Need to force a move for mingw32.
-  return std::move(loaded_apk);
-}
-
 std::unique_ptr<Asset> ApkAssets::Open(const std::string& path, Asset::AccessMode mode) const {
   // If this is a resource loader from an .arsc, there will be no zip handle
   if (zip_handle_ == nullptr) {
@@ -244,10 +279,12 @@
     return {};
   }
 
+  const int fd = ::GetFileDescriptor(zip_handle_.get());
+  const off64_t fd_offset = ::GetFileDescriptorOffset(zip_handle_.get());
   if (entry.method == kCompressDeflated) {
     std::unique_ptr<FileMap> map = util::make_unique<FileMap>();
-    if (!map->create(path_.c_str(), ::GetFileDescriptor(zip_handle_.get()), entry.offset,
-                     entry.compressed_length, true /*readOnly*/)) {
+    if (!map->create(path_.c_str(), fd, fd_offset + entry.offset, entry.compressed_length,
+                     true /*readOnly*/)) {
       LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mmap file '" << path << "' in APK '" << path_ << "'";
       return {};
     }
@@ -261,13 +298,18 @@
     return asset;
   } else {
     std::unique_ptr<FileMap> map = util::make_unique<FileMap>();
-    if (!map->create(path_.c_str(), ::GetFileDescriptor(zip_handle_.get()), entry.offset,
-                     entry.uncompressed_length, true /*readOnly*/)) {
+    if (!map->create(path_.c_str(), fd, fd_offset + entry.offset, entry.uncompressed_length,
+                     true /*readOnly*/)) {
       LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mmap file '" << path << "' in APK '" << path_ << "'";
       return {};
     }
 
-    std::unique_ptr<Asset> asset = Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(std::move(map), mode);
+    // TODO: apks created from file descriptors residing in RAM currently cannot open file
+    //  descriptors to the assets they contain. This is because the Asset::openFileDeescriptor uses
+    //  the zip path on disk to create a new file descriptor. This is fixed in a future change
+    //  in the change topic.
+    std::unique_ptr<Asset> asset = Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(std::move(map),
+        unique_fd(-1) /* fd*/, mode);
     if (asset == nullptr) {
       LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mmap file '" << path << "' in APK '" << path_ << "'";
       return {};
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/Asset.cpp b/libs/androidfw/Asset.cpp
index c132f34..cd30c18 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/Asset.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/Asset.cpp
@@ -298,14 +298,13 @@
 /*
  * Create a new Asset from a memory mapping.
  */
-/*static*/ Asset* Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(FileMap* dataMap,
-    AccessMode mode)
+/*static*/ Asset* Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(FileMap* dataMap, AccessMode mode)
 {
     _FileAsset* pAsset;
     status_t result;
 
     pAsset = new _FileAsset;
-    result = pAsset->openChunk(dataMap);
+    result = pAsset->openChunk(dataMap, base::unique_fd(-1));
     if (result != NO_ERROR) {
         delete pAsset;
         return NULL;
@@ -316,11 +315,11 @@
 }
 
 /*static*/ std::unique_ptr<Asset> Asset::createFromUncompressedMap(std::unique_ptr<FileMap> dataMap,
-    AccessMode mode)
+    base::unique_fd fd, AccessMode mode)
 {
     std::unique_ptr<_FileAsset> pAsset = util::make_unique<_FileAsset>();
 
-    status_t result = pAsset->openChunk(dataMap.get());
+    status_t result = pAsset->openChunk(dataMap.get(), std::move(fd));
     if (result != NO_ERROR) {
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -415,7 +414,7 @@
  * Constructor.
  */
 _FileAsset::_FileAsset(void)
-    : mStart(0), mLength(0), mOffset(0), mFp(NULL), mFileName(NULL), mMap(NULL), mBuf(NULL)
+    : mStart(0), mLength(0), mOffset(0), mFp(NULL), mFileName(NULL), mFd(-1), mMap(NULL), mBuf(NULL)
 {
     // Register the Asset with the global list here after it is fully constructed and its
     // vtable pointer points to this concrete type. b/31113965
@@ -485,7 +484,7 @@
 /*
  * Create the chunk from the map.
  */
-status_t _FileAsset::openChunk(FileMap* dataMap)
+status_t _FileAsset::openChunk(FileMap* dataMap, base::unique_fd fd)
 {
     assert(mFp == NULL);    // no reopen
     assert(mMap == NULL);
@@ -494,6 +493,7 @@
     mMap = dataMap;
     mStart = -1;            // not used
     mLength = dataMap->getDataLength();
+    mFd = std::move(fd);
     assert(mOffset == 0);
 
     return NO_ERROR;
@@ -692,6 +692,17 @@
 int _FileAsset::openFileDescriptor(off64_t* outStart, off64_t* outLength) const
 {
     if (mMap != NULL) {
+        if (mFd.ok()) {
+          *outStart = mMap->getDataOffset();
+          *outLength = mMap->getDataLength();
+          const int fd = dup(mFd);
+          if (fd < 0) {
+            ALOGE("Unable to dup fd (%d).", mFd.get());
+            return -1;
+          }
+          lseek64(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+          return fd;
+        }
         const char* fname = mMap->getFileName();
         if (fname == NULL) {
             fname = mFileName;
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/LoadedArsc.cpp b/libs/androidfw/LoadedArsc.cpp
index e35c024..70bb441 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/LoadedArsc.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/LoadedArsc.cpp
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@
 
 std::unique_ptr<const LoadedArsc> LoadedArsc::Load(const StringPiece& data,
                                                    const LoadedIdmap* loaded_idmap,
-                                                   package_property_t property_flags) {
+                                                   const package_property_t property_flags) {
   ATRACE_NAME("LoadedArsc::Load");
 
   // Not using make_unique because the constructor is private.
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/ApkAssets.h b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/ApkAssets.h
index af802b0..643dc5c 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/ApkAssets.h
+++ b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/ApkAssets.h
@@ -37,49 +37,46 @@
 
 // Holds an APK.
 class ApkAssets {
+  // This means the data extends to the end of the file.
+  static constexpr off64_t kUnknownLength = -1;
+
  public:
-  // Creates an ApkAssets.
-  // If `system` is true, the package is marked as a system package, and allows some functions to
-  // filter out this package when computing what configurations/resources are available.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> Load(const std::string& path, bool system = false,
-                                               bool for_loader = false);
-
-  // Creates an ApkAssets, but forces any package with ID 0x7f to be loaded as a shared library.
-  // If `system` is true, the package is marked as a system package, and allows some functions to
-  // filter out this package when computing what configurations/resources are available.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadAsSharedLibrary(const std::string& path,
-                                                              bool system = false);
-
-  // Creates an ApkAssets from an IDMAP, which contains the original APK path, and the overlay
-  // data.
-  // If `system` is true, the package is marked as a system package, and allows some functions to
-  // filter out this package when computing what configurations/resources are available.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadOverlay(const std::string& idmap_path,
-                                                      bool system = false);
+  // Creates an ApkAssets from the zip path.
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> Load(const std::string& path,
+                                               package_property_t flags = 0U);
 
   // Creates an ApkAssets from the given file descriptor, and takes ownership of the file
   // descriptor. The `friendly_name` is some name that will be used to identify the source of
   // this ApkAssets in log messages and other debug scenarios.
-  // If `system` is true, the package is marked as a system package, and allows some functions to
-  // filter out this package when computing what configurations/resources are available.
-  // If `force_shared_lib` is true, any package with ID 0x7f is loaded as a shared library.
+  // If `length` equals kUnknownLength, offset must equal 0; otherwise, the apk data will be read
+  // using the `offset` into the file descriptor and will be `length` bytes long.
   static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadFromFd(base::unique_fd fd,
-                                                     const std::string& friendly_name, bool system,
-                                                     bool force_shared_lib,
-                                                     bool for_loader = false);
+                                                     const std::string& friendly_name,
+                                                     package_property_t flags = 0U,
+                                                     off64_t offset = 0,
+                                                     off64_t length = kUnknownLength);
 
-  // Creates an empty wrapper ApkAssets from the given path which points to an .arsc.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadArsc(const std::string& path,
-                                                   bool for_loader = false);
+  // Creates an ApkAssets from the given path which points to a resources.arsc.
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadTable(const std::string& path,
+                                                    package_property_t flags = 0U);
 
-  // Creates an empty wrapper ApkAssets from the given file descriptor which points to an .arsc,
-  // Takes ownership of the file descriptor.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadArsc(base::unique_fd fd,
-                                                   const std::string& friendly_name,
-                                                   bool for_loader = false);
+  // Creates an ApkAssets from the given file descriptor which points to an resources.arsc, and
+  // takes ownership of the file descriptor.
+  // If `length` equals kUnknownLength, offset must equal 0; otherwise, the .arsc data will be read
+  // using the `offset` into the file descriptor and will be `length` bytes long.
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadTableFromFd(base::unique_fd fd,
+                                                          const std::string& friendly_name,
+                                                          package_property_t flags = 0U,
+                                                          off64_t offset = 0,
+                                                          off64_t length = kUnknownLength);
+
+  // Creates an ApkAssets from an IDMAP, which contains the original APK path, and the overlay
+  // data.
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadOverlay(const std::string& idmap_path,
+                                                      package_property_t flags = 0U);
 
   // Creates a totally empty ApkAssets with no resources table and no file entries.
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadEmpty(bool for_loader = false);
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadEmpty(package_property_t flags = 0U);
 
   std::unique_ptr<Asset> Open(const std::string& path,
                               Asset::AccessMode mode = Asset::AccessMode::ACCESS_RANDOM) const;
@@ -105,28 +102,38 @@
   }
 
   inline bool IsOverlay() const {
-    return (property_flags_ & PROPERTY_OVERLAY) != 0;
+    return loaded_idmap_ != nullptr;
   }
 
   bool IsUpToDate() const;
 
-  // Creates an Asset from any file on the file system.
+  // Creates an Asset from a file on disk.
   static std::unique_ptr<Asset> CreateAssetFromFile(const std::string& path);
 
+  // Creates an Asset from a file descriptor.
+  //
+  // The asset takes ownership of the file descriptor. If `length` equals kUnknownLength, offset
+  // must equal 0; otherwise, the asset data will be read using the `offset` into the file
+  // descriptor and will be `length` bytes long.
+  static std::unique_ptr<Asset> CreateAssetFromFd(base::unique_fd fd,
+                                                  const char* path,
+                                                  off64_t offset = 0,
+                                                  off64_t length = kUnknownLength);
  private:
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ApkAssets);
 
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadImpl(base::unique_fd fd, const std::string& path,
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadImpl(ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle,
+                                                   const std::string& path,
                                                    std::unique_ptr<Asset> idmap_asset,
-                                                   std::unique_ptr<const LoadedIdmap> loaded_idmap,
+                                                   std::unique_ptr<const LoadedIdmap> idmap,
                                                    package_property_t property_flags);
 
-  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadArscImpl(base::unique_fd fd,
-                                                       const std::string& path,
-                                                       package_property_t property_flags);
+  static std::unique_ptr<const ApkAssets> LoadTableImpl(std::unique_ptr<Asset> resources_asset,
+                                                        const std::string& path,
+                                                        package_property_t property_flags);
 
   ApkAssets(ZipArchiveHandle unmanaged_handle,
-            const std::string& path,
+            std::string path,
             time_t last_mod_time,
             package_property_t property_flags);
 
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/Asset.h b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/Asset.h
index 053dbb7..7576174 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/Asset.h
+++ b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/Asset.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <utils/Compat.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
@@ -202,8 +203,14 @@
      */
     static Asset* createFromUncompressedMap(FileMap* dataMap, AccessMode mode);
 
+    /*
+     * Create the asset from a memory-mapped file segment.
+     *
+     * The asset takes ownership of the FileMap and the file descriptor "fd". The file descriptor is
+     * used to request new file descriptors using "openFileDescriptor".
+     */
     static std::unique_ptr<Asset> createFromUncompressedMap(std::unique_ptr<FileMap> dataMap,
-        AccessMode mode);
+        base::unique_fd fd, AccessMode mode);
 
     /*
      * Create the asset from a memory-mapped file segment with compressed
@@ -256,9 +263,9 @@
     /*
      * Use a memory-mapped region.
      *
-     * On success, the object takes ownership of "dataMap".
+     * On success, the object takes ownership of "dataMap" and "fd".
      */
-    status_t openChunk(FileMap* dataMap);
+    status_t openChunk(FileMap* dataMap, base::unique_fd fd);
 
     /*
      * Standard Asset interfaces.
@@ -273,11 +280,12 @@
     virtual bool isAllocated(void) const { return mBuf != NULL; }
 
 private:
-    off64_t     mStart;         // absolute file offset of start of chunk
-    off64_t     mLength;        // length of the chunk
-    off64_t     mOffset;        // current local offset, 0 == mStart
-    FILE*       mFp;            // for read/seek
-    char*       mFileName;      // for opening
+    off64_t         mStart;         // absolute file offset of start of chunk
+    off64_t         mLength;        // length of the chunk
+    off64_t         mOffset;        // current local offset, 0 == mStart
+    FILE*           mFp;            // for read/seek
+    char*           mFileName;      // for opening
+    base::unique_fd mFd;            // for opening file descriptors
 
     /*
      * To support getBuffer() we either need to read the entire thing into
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/LoadedArsc.h b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/LoadedArsc.h
index b5d3a1f..89ff9f5 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/LoadedArsc.h
+++ b/libs/androidfw/include/androidfw/LoadedArsc.h
@@ -69,12 +69,24 @@
   }
 };
 
+// Flags that change the behavior of loaded packages.
+// Keep in sync with f/b/android/content/res/ApkAssets.java
 using package_property_t = uint32_t;
 enum : package_property_t {
-  PROPERTY_DYNAMIC = 1,
-  PROPERTY_LOADER = 2,
-  PROPERTY_OVERLAY = 4,
-  PROPERTY_SYSTEM = 8,
+  // The package contains framework resource values specified by the system.
+  // This allows some functions to filter out this package when computing
+  // what configurations/resources are available.
+  PROPERTY_SYSTEM = 1U << 0U,
+
+  // The package is a shared library or has a package id of 7f and is loaded as a shared library by
+  // force.
+  PROPERTY_DYNAMIC = 1U << 1U,
+
+  // The package has been loaded dynamically using a ResourcesProvider.
+  PROPERTY_LOADER = 1U << 2U,
+
+  // The package is a RRO.
+  PROPERTY_OVERLAY = 1U << 3U,
 };
 
 // TypeSpecPtr points to a block of memory that holds a TypeSpec struct, followed by an array of
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/tests/ApkAssets_test.cpp b/libs/androidfw/tests/ApkAssets_test.cpp
index 0f2ee6f..26bf5ff 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/tests/ApkAssets_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/tests/ApkAssets_test.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
   ASSERT_THAT(loaded_arsc->GetPackages(), SizeIs(1u));
   EXPECT_FALSE(loaded_arsc->GetPackages()[0]->IsDynamic());
 
-  loaded_apk = ApkAssets::LoadAsSharedLibrary(GetTestDataPath() + "/appaslib/appaslib.apk");
+  loaded_apk = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/appaslib/appaslib.apk", PROPERTY_DYNAMIC);
   ASSERT_THAT(loaded_apk, NotNull());
 
   loaded_arsc = loaded_apk->GetLoadedArsc();
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/tests/AssetManager2_test.cpp b/libs/androidfw/tests/AssetManager2_test.cpp
index 35fea7a..ac32699 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/tests/AssetManager2_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/tests/AssetManager2_test.cpp
@@ -63,10 +63,12 @@
     libclient_assets_ = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/libclient/libclient.apk");
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, libclient_assets_);
 
-    appaslib_assets_ = ApkAssets::LoadAsSharedLibrary(GetTestDataPath() + "/appaslib/appaslib.apk");
+    appaslib_assets_ = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/appaslib/appaslib.apk",
+                                       PROPERTY_DYNAMIC);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, appaslib_assets_);
 
-    system_assets_ = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/system/system.apk", true /*system*/);
+    system_assets_ = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/system/system.apk",
+                                     PROPERTY_SYSTEM);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, system_assets_);
 
     app_assets_ = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/app/app.apk");
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/tests/AttributeResolution_test.cpp b/libs/androidfw/tests/AttributeResolution_test.cpp
index c8dbe20..24361b5 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/tests/AttributeResolution_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/tests/AttributeResolution_test.cpp
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 
 TEST(AttributeResolutionLibraryTest, ApplyStyleWithDefaultStyleResId) {
   AssetManager2 assetmanager;
-  auto apk_assets = ApkAssets::LoadAsSharedLibrary(GetTestDataPath() + "/styles/styles.apk");
+  auto apk_assets = ApkAssets::Load(GetTestDataPath() + "/styles/styles.apk", PROPERTY_DYNAMIC);
   ASSERT_NE(nullptr, apk_assets);
   assetmanager.SetApkAssets({apk_assets.get()});
 
diff --git a/libs/androidfw/tests/Idmap_test.cpp b/libs/androidfw/tests/Idmap_test.cpp
index b679672..41ba637 100644
--- a/libs/androidfw/tests/Idmap_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/androidfw/tests/Idmap_test.cpp
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(IdmapTest, OverlayLoaderInterop) {
   std::string contents;
-  auto loader_assets = ApkAssets::LoadArsc(GetTestDataPath() + "/loader/resources.arsc",
-                                           /* for_loader */ true);
+  auto loader_assets = ApkAssets::LoadTable(GetTestDataPath() + "/loader/resources.arsc",
+                                            PROPERTY_LOADER);
 
   AssetManager2 asset_manager;
   asset_manager.SetApkAssets({overlayable_assets_.get(), loader_assets.get(),