diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
index 69471a1..5584db2 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConnectivityManagerShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ConnectivityManagerShim;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.UnsupportedApiLevelException;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
@@ -162,12 +161,7 @@
         }
         ConnectivityManagerShim mCmShim = ConnectivityManagerShimImpl.newInstance(mContext);
         mDefaultNetworkCallback = new UpstreamNetworkCallback(CALLBACK_DEFAULT_INTERNET);
-        try {
-            mCmShim.registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mHandler);
-        } catch (UnsupportedApiLevelException e) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback is not supported");
-            return;
-        }
+        mCmShim.registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mHandler);
         if (mEntitlementMgr == null) {
             mEntitlementMgr = entitle;
         }
diff --git a/framework/api/current.txt b/framework/api/current.txt
index 7692e30..715a532 100644
--- a/framework/api/current.txt
+++ b/framework/api/current.txt
@@ -310,6 +310,7 @@
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_ENTERPRISE = 29; // 0x1d
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND = 19; // 0x13
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_FOTA = 3; // 0x3
+    field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT = 32; // 0x20
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_IA = 7; // 0x7
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_IMS = 4; // 0x4
     field public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET = 12; // 0xc
@@ -333,6 +334,7 @@
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_CELLULAR = 0; // 0x0
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_ETHERNET = 3; // 0x3
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_LOWPAN = 6; // 0x6
+    field public static final int TRANSPORT_USB = 8; // 0x8
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_VPN = 4; // 0x4
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_WIFI = 1; // 0x1
     field public static final int TRANSPORT_WIFI_AWARE = 5; // 0x5
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index 3a07db3..ec71d3d 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@
             NET_CAPABILITY_ENTERPRISE,
             NET_CAPABILITY_VSIM,
             NET_CAPABILITY_BIP,
+            NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT,
     })
     public @interface NetCapability { }
 
@@ -495,8 +496,13 @@
     @SystemApi
     public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_BIP = 31;
 
+    /**
+     * Indicates that this network is connected to an automotive head unit.
+     */
+    public static final int NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT = 32;
+
     private static final int MIN_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_MMS;
-    private static final int MAX_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_BIP;
+    private static final int MAX_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT;
 
     /**
      * Network capabilities that are expected to be mutable, i.e., can change while a particular
@@ -514,7 +520,10 @@
             | (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_SUSPENDED)
             | (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY)
             | (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED)
-            | (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED);
+            | (1 << NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+            // The value of NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT is 32, which cannot use int to do bit shift,
+            // otherwise there will be an overflow. Use long to do bit shift instead.
+            | (1L << NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT);
 
     /**
      * Network capabilities that are not allowed in NetworkRequests. This exists because the
@@ -868,6 +877,7 @@
             TRANSPORT_WIFI_AWARE,
             TRANSPORT_LOWPAN,
             TRANSPORT_TEST,
+            TRANSPORT_USB,
     })
     public @interface Transport { }
 
@@ -914,10 +924,15 @@
     @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     public static final int TRANSPORT_TEST = 7;
 
+    /**
+     * Indicates this network uses a USB transport.
+     */
+    public static final int TRANSPORT_USB = 8;
+
     /** @hide */
     public static final int MIN_TRANSPORT = TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int MAX_TRANSPORT = TRANSPORT_TEST;
+    public static final int MAX_TRANSPORT = TRANSPORT_USB;
 
     /** @hide */
     public static boolean isValidTransport(@Transport int transportType) {
@@ -932,7 +947,8 @@
         "VPN",
         "WIFI_AWARE",
         "LOWPAN",
-        "TEST"
+        "TEST",
+        "USB"
     };
 
     /**
@@ -2121,6 +2137,7 @@
             case NET_CAPABILITY_ENTERPRISE:           return "ENTERPRISE";
             case NET_CAPABILITY_VSIM:                 return "VSIM";
             case NET_CAPABILITY_BIP:                  return "BIP";
+            case NET_CAPABILITY_HEAD_UNIT:            return "HEAD_UNIT";
             default:                                  return Integer.toString(capability);
         }
     }
diff --git a/service/Android.bp b/service/Android.bp
index 848de12..abaeeb3 100644
--- a/service/Android.bp
+++ b/service/Android.bp
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
         "src/**/*.java",
         ":framework-connectivity-shared-srcs",
         ":services-connectivity-shared-srcs",
-        // TODO: move to net-utils-device-common, enable shrink optimization to avoid extra classes
-        ":net-module-utils-srcs",
+        // TODO: move to net-utils-device-common
+        ":connectivity-module-utils-srcs",
     ],
     libs: [
         "framework-annotations-lib",
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
         "ServiceConnectivityResources",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "dnsresolver_aidl_interface-V7-java",
+        "dnsresolver_aidl_interface-V8-java",
+        "modules-utils-build",
         "modules-utils-os",
         "net-utils-device-common",
         "net-utils-framework-common",
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index e05dc52..770aa8a 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -402,30 +402,45 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * The priority value is used when issue uid ranges rules to netd. Netd will use the priority
-     * value and uid ranges to generate corresponding ip rules specific to the given preference.
-     * Thus, any device originated data traffic of the applied uids can be routed to the altered
-     * default network which has highest priority.
+     * For per-app preferences, requests contain an int to signify which request
+     * should have priority. The priority is passed to netd which will use it
+     * together with UID ranges to generate the corresponding IP rule. This serves
+     * to direct device-originated data traffic of the specific UIDs to the correct
+     * default network for each app.
+     * Priorities passed to netd must be in the 0~999 range. Larger values code for
+     * a lower priority, {@see NativeUidRangeConfig}
      *
-     * Note: The priority value should be in 0~1000. Larger value means lower priority, see
-     *       {@link NativeUidRangeConfig}.
+     * Requests that don't code for a per-app preference use PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID.
+     * The default request uses PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT.
      */
-    // This is default priority value for those NetworkRequests which doesn't have preference to
-    // alter default network and use the global one.
+    // Bound for the lowest valid priority.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_LOWEST = 999;
+    // Used when sending to netd to code for "no priority".
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_NONE = 0;
+    // Priority for requests that don't code for a per-app preference. As it is
+    // out of the valid range, the corresponding priority should be
+    // PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_NONE when sending to netd.
     @VisibleForTesting
-    static final int DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE = 0;
-    // Used by automotive devices to set the network preferences used to direct traffic at an
-    // application level. See {@link #setOemNetworkPreference}.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    // Priority for the default internet request. Since this must always have the
+    // lowest priority, its value is larger than the largest acceptable value. As
+    // it is out of the valid range, the corresponding priority should be
+    // PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_NONE when sending to netd.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT = 1000;
+    // As a security feature, VPNs have the top priority.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN = 0; // Netd supports only 0 for VPN.
+    // Priority of per-app OEM preference. See {@link #setOemNetworkPreference}.
     @VisibleForTesting
-    static final int DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM = 10;
-    // Request that a user profile is put by default on a network matching a given preference.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM = 10;
+    // Priority of per-profile preference, such as used by enterprise networks.
     // See {@link #setProfileNetworkPreference}.
     @VisibleForTesting
-    static final int DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE = 20;
-    // Set by MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS setting. Use mobile data in preference even when
-    // higher-priority networks are connected.
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE = 20;
+    // Priority of user setting to prefer mobile data even when networks with
+    // better scores are connected.
+    // See {@link ConnectivitySettingsManager#setMobileDataPreferredUids}
     @VisibleForTesting
-    static final int DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED = 30;
+    static final int PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED = 30;
 
     /**
      * used internally to clear a wakelock when transitioning
@@ -4206,13 +4221,16 @@
 
     private void handleRemoveNetworkRequest(@NonNull final NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
-        nri.unlinkDeathRecipient();
         for (final NetworkRequest req : nri.mRequests) {
-            mNetworkRequests.remove(req);
+            if (null == mNetworkRequests.remove(req)) {
+                logw("Attempted removal of untracked request " + req + " for nri " + nri);
+                continue;
+            }
             if (req.isListen()) {
                 removeListenRequestFromNetworks(req);
             }
         }
+        nri.unlinkDeathRecipient();
         if (mDefaultNetworkRequests.remove(nri)) {
             // If this request was one of the defaults, then the UID rules need to be updated
             // WARNING : if the app(s) for which this network request is the default are doing
@@ -4227,7 +4245,7 @@
                     mNetd.networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                             satisfier.network.getNetId(),
                             toUidRangeStableParcels(nri.getUids()),
-                            nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority()));
+                            nri.getPriorityForNetd()));
                 } catch (RemoteException e) {
                     loge("Exception setting network preference default network", e);
                 }
@@ -5697,11 +5715,7 @@
         final int mAsUid;
 
         // Default network priority of this request.
-        private final int mDefaultNetworkPriority;
-
-        int getDefaultNetworkPriority() {
-            return mDefaultNetworkPriority;
-        }
+        final int mPreferencePriority;
 
         // In order to preserve the mapping of NetworkRequest-to-callback when apps register
         // callbacks using a returned NetworkRequest, the original NetworkRequest needs to be
@@ -5733,12 +5747,12 @@
         NetworkRequestInfo(int asUid, @NonNull final NetworkRequest r,
                 @Nullable final PendingIntent pi, @Nullable String callingAttributionTag) {
             this(asUid, Collections.singletonList(r), r, pi, callingAttributionTag,
-                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE);
+                    PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID);
         }
 
         NetworkRequestInfo(int asUid, @NonNull final List<NetworkRequest> r,
                 @NonNull final NetworkRequest requestForCallback, @Nullable final PendingIntent pi,
-                @Nullable String callingAttributionTag, final int defaultNetworkPriority) {
+                @Nullable String callingAttributionTag, final int preferencePriority) {
             ensureAllNetworkRequestsHaveType(r);
             mRequests = initializeRequests(r);
             mNetworkRequestForCallback = requestForCallback;
@@ -5756,7 +5770,7 @@
              */
             mCallbackFlags = NetworkCallback.FLAG_NONE;
             mCallingAttributionTag = callingAttributionTag;
-            mDefaultNetworkPriority = defaultNetworkPriority;
+            mPreferencePriority = preferencePriority;
         }
 
         NetworkRequestInfo(int asUid, @NonNull final NetworkRequest r, @Nullable final Messenger m,
@@ -5786,7 +5800,7 @@
             mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(mUid);
             mCallbackFlags = callbackFlags;
             mCallingAttributionTag = callingAttributionTag;
-            mDefaultNetworkPriority = DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE;
+            mPreferencePriority = PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID;
             linkDeathRecipient();
         }
 
@@ -5826,18 +5840,18 @@
             mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(mUid);
             mCallbackFlags = nri.mCallbackFlags;
             mCallingAttributionTag = nri.mCallingAttributionTag;
-            mDefaultNetworkPriority = DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE;
+            mPreferencePriority = PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID;
             linkDeathRecipient();
         }
 
         NetworkRequestInfo(int asUid, @NonNull final NetworkRequest r) {
-            this(asUid, Collections.singletonList(r), DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE);
+            this(asUid, Collections.singletonList(r), PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_INVALID);
         }
 
         NetworkRequestInfo(int asUid, @NonNull final List<NetworkRequest> r,
-                final int defaultNetworkPriority) {
+                final int preferencePriority) {
             this(asUid, r, r.get(0), null /* pi */, null /* callingAttributionTag */,
-                    defaultNetworkPriority);
+                    preferencePriority);
         }
 
         // True if this NRI is being satisfied. It also accounts for if the nri has its satisifer
@@ -5878,11 +5892,24 @@
             }
         }
 
+        boolean hasHigherPriorityThan(@NonNull final NetworkRequestInfo target) {
+            // Compare two priorities, larger value means lower priority.
+            return mPreferencePriority < target.mPreferencePriority;
+        }
+
+        int getPriorityForNetd() {
+            if (mPreferencePriority >= PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_NONE
+                    && mPreferencePriority <= PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_LOWEST) {
+                return mPreferencePriority;
+            }
+            return PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_NONE;
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void binderDied() {
             log("ConnectivityService NetworkRequestInfo binderDied(" +
-                    mRequests + ", " + mBinder + ")");
-            releaseNetworkRequests(mRequests);
+                    "uid/pid:" + mUid + "/" + mPid + ", " + mBinder + ")");
+            mHandler.post(() -> handleRemoveNetworkRequest(this));
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -5894,7 +5921,8 @@
                     + mNetworkRequestForCallback.requestId
                     + " " + mRequests
                     + (mPendingIntent == null ? "" : " to trigger " + mPendingIntent)
-                    + " callback flags: " + mCallbackFlags;
+                    + " callback flags: " + mCallbackFlags
+                    + " priority: " + mPreferencePriority;
         }
     }
 
@@ -6312,12 +6340,6 @@
         return mNextNetworkProviderId.getAndIncrement();
     }
 
-    private void releaseNetworkRequests(List<NetworkRequest> networkRequests) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < networkRequests.size(); i++) {
-            releaseNetworkRequest(networkRequests.get(i));
-        }
-    }
-
     @Override
     public void releaseNetworkRequest(NetworkRequest networkRequest) {
         ensureNetworkRequestHasType(networkRequest);
@@ -6486,17 +6508,18 @@
      */
     @NonNull
     private NetworkRequestInfo getDefaultRequestTrackingUid(final int uid) {
+        NetworkRequestInfo highestPriorityNri = mDefaultRequest;
         for (final NetworkRequestInfo nri : mDefaultNetworkRequests) {
-            if (nri == mDefaultRequest) {
-                continue;
-            }
             // Checking the first request is sufficient as only multilayer requests will have more
             // than one request and for multilayer, all requests will track the same uids.
             if (nri.mRequests.get(0).networkCapabilities.appliesToUid(uid)) {
-                return nri;
+                // Find out the highest priority request.
+                if (nri.hasHigherPriorityThan(highestPriorityNri)) {
+                    highestPriorityNri = nri;
+                }
             }
         }
-        return mDefaultRequest;
+        return highestPriorityNri;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -6626,6 +6649,7 @@
     }
 
     private NetworkAgentInfo getDefaultNetworkForUid(final int uid) {
+        NetworkRequestInfo highestPriorityNri = mDefaultRequest;
         for (final NetworkRequestInfo nri : mDefaultNetworkRequests) {
             // Currently, all network requests will have the same uids therefore checking the first
             // one is sufficient. If/when uids are tracked at the nri level, this can change.
@@ -6635,11 +6659,13 @@
             }
             for (final UidRange range : uids) {
                 if (range.contains(uid)) {
-                    return nri.getSatisfier();
+                    if (nri.hasHigherPriorityThan(highestPriorityNri)) {
+                        highestPriorityNri = nri;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
-        return getDefaultNetwork();
+        return highestPriorityNri.getSatisfier();
     }
 
     @Nullable
@@ -7485,7 +7511,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void updateUidRanges(boolean add, NetworkAgentInfo nai, Set<UidRange> uidRanges) {
+    private void updateVpnUidRanges(boolean add, NetworkAgentInfo nai, Set<UidRange> uidRanges) {
         int[] exemptUids = new int[2];
         // TODO: Excluding VPN_UID is necessary in order to not to kill the TCP connection used
         // by PPTP. Fix this by making Vpn set the owner UID to VPN_UID instead of system when
@@ -7498,10 +7524,10 @@
         try {
             if (add) {
                 mNetd.networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
-                        nai.network.netId, ranges, DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE));
+                        nai.network.netId, ranges, PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN));
             } else {
                 mNetd.networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
-                        nai.network.netId, ranges, DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE));
+                        nai.network.netId, ranges, PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN));
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             loge("Exception while " + (add ? "adding" : "removing") + " uid ranges " + uidRanges +
@@ -7563,10 +7589,10 @@
             // This can prevent the sockets of uid 1-2, 4-5 from being closed. It also reduce the
             // number of binder calls from 6 to 4.
             if (!newRanges.isEmpty()) {
-                updateUidRanges(true, nai, newRanges);
+                updateVpnUidRanges(true, nai, newRanges);
             }
             if (!prevRanges.isEmpty()) {
-                updateUidRanges(false, nai, prevRanges);
+                updateVpnUidRanges(false, nai, prevRanges);
             }
             final boolean wasFiltering = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, prevNc, nai.linkProperties);
             final boolean shouldFilter = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, newNc, nai.linkProperties);
@@ -7846,13 +7872,13 @@
                 mNetd.networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                         newDefaultNetwork.network.getNetId(),
                         toUidRangeStableParcels(nri.getUids()),
-                        nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority()));
+                        nri.getPriorityForNetd()));
             }
             if (null != oldDefaultNetwork) {
                 mNetd.networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                         oldDefaultNetwork.network.getNetId(),
                         toUidRangeStableParcels(nri.getUids()),
-                        nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority()));
+                        nri.getPriorityForNetd()));
             }
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             loge("Exception setting app default network", e);
@@ -9881,21 +9907,6 @@
         mQosCallbackTracker.unregisterCallback(callback);
     }
 
-    // Network preference per-profile and OEM network preferences can't be set at the same
-    // time, because it is unclear what should happen if both preferences are active for
-    // one given UID. To make it possible, the stack would have to clarify what would happen
-    // in case both are active at the same time. The implementation may have to be adjusted
-    // to implement the resulting rules. For example, a priority could be defined between them,
-    // where the OEM preference would be considered less or more important than the enterprise
-    // preference ; this would entail implementing the priorities somehow, e.g. by doing
-    // UID arithmetic with UID ranges or passing a priority to netd so that the routing rules
-    // are set at the right level. Other solutions are possible, e.g. merging of the
-    // preferences for the relevant UIDs.
-    private static void throwConcurrentPreferenceException() {
-        throw new IllegalStateException("Can't set NetworkPreferenceForUser and "
-                + "set OemNetworkPreference at the same time");
-    }
-
     /**
      * Request that a user profile is put by default on a network matching a given preference.
      *
@@ -9924,15 +9935,7 @@
         if (!um.isManagedProfile(profile.getIdentifier())) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Profile must be a managed profile");
         }
-        // Strictly speaking, mOemNetworkPreferences should only be touched on the
-        // handler thread. However it is an immutable object, so reading the reference is
-        // safe - it's just possible the value is slightly outdated. For the final check,
-        // see #handleSetProfileNetworkPreference. But if this can be caught here it is a
-        // lot easier to understand, so opportunistically check it.
-        // TODO: Have a priority for each preference.
-        if (!mOemNetworkPreferences.isEmpty() || !mMobileDataPreferredUids.isEmpty()) {
-            throwConcurrentPreferenceException();
-        }
+
         final NetworkCapabilities nc;
         switch (preference) {
             case ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT:
@@ -9975,7 +9978,7 @@
                     TYPE_NONE, NetworkRequest.Type.TRACK_DEFAULT));
             setNetworkRequestUids(nrs, UidRange.fromIntRanges(pref.capabilities.getUids()));
             final NetworkRequestInfo nri = new NetworkRequestInfo(Process.myUid(), nrs,
-                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE);
+                    PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE);
             result.add(nri);
         }
         return result;
@@ -9984,20 +9987,6 @@
     private void handleSetProfileNetworkPreference(
             @NonNull final ProfileNetworkPreferences.Preference preference,
             @Nullable final IOnCompleteListener listener) {
-        // setProfileNetworkPreference and setOemNetworkPreference are mutually exclusive, in
-        // particular because it's not clear what preference should win in case both apply
-        // to the same app.
-        // The binder call has already checked this, but as mOemNetworkPreferences is only
-        // touched on the handler thread, it's theoretically not impossible that it has changed
-        // since.
-        // TODO: Have a priority for each preference.
-        if (!mOemNetworkPreferences.isEmpty() || !mMobileDataPreferredUids.isEmpty()) {
-            // This may happen on a device with an OEM preference set when a user is removed.
-            // In this case, it's safe to ignore. In particular this happens in the tests.
-            loge("handleSetProfileNetworkPreference, but OEM network preferences not empty");
-            return;
-        }
-
         validateNetworkCapabilitiesOfProfileNetworkPreference(preference.capabilities);
 
         mProfileNetworkPreferences = mProfileNetworkPreferences.plus(preference);
@@ -10006,7 +9995,7 @@
                 () -> {
                     final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> nris =
                             createNrisFromProfileNetworkPreferences(mProfileNetworkPreferences);
-                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris);
+                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris, PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE);
                 });
         // Finally, rematch.
         rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
@@ -10046,26 +10035,19 @@
         }
         setNetworkRequestUids(requests, ranges);
         nris.add(new NetworkRequestInfo(Process.myUid(), requests,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED));
         return nris;
     }
 
     private void handleMobileDataPreferredUidsChanged() {
-        // Ignore update preference because it's not clear what preference should win in case both
-        // apply to the same app.
-        // TODO: Have a priority for each preference.
-        if (!mOemNetworkPreferences.isEmpty() || !mProfileNetworkPreferences.isEmpty()) {
-            loge("Ignore mobile data preference change because other preferences are not empty");
-            return;
-        }
-
         mMobileDataPreferredUids = ConnectivitySettingsManager.getMobileDataPreferredUids(mContext);
         mSystemNetworkRequestCounter.transact(
                 mDeps.getCallingUid(), 1 /* numOfNewRequests */,
                 () -> {
                     final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> nris =
                             createNrisFromMobileDataPreferredUids(mMobileDataPreferredUids);
-                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris);
+                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris,
+                            PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
                 });
         // Finally, rematch.
         rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
@@ -10107,16 +10089,6 @@
             validateOemNetworkPreferences(preference);
         }
 
-        // TODO: Have a priority for each preference.
-        if (!mProfileNetworkPreferences.isEmpty() || !mMobileDataPreferredUids.isEmpty()) {
-            // Strictly speaking, mProfileNetworkPreferences should only be touched on the
-            // handler thread. However it is an immutable object, so reading the reference is
-            // safe - it's just possible the value is slightly outdated. For the final check,
-            // see #handleSetOemPreference. But if this can be caught here it is a
-            // lot easier to understand, so opportunistically check it.
-            throwConcurrentPreferenceException();
-        }
-
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SET_OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE,
                 new Pair<>(preference, listener)));
     }
@@ -10163,17 +10135,6 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("set OEM network preferences :" + preference.toString());
         }
-        // setProfileNetworkPreference and setOemNetworkPreference are mutually exclusive, in
-        // particular because it's not clear what preference should win in case both apply
-        // to the same app.
-        // The binder call has already checked this, but as mOemNetworkPreferences is only
-        // touched on the handler thread, it's theoretically not impossible that it has changed
-        // since.
-        // TODO: Have a priority for each preference.
-        if (!mProfileNetworkPreferences.isEmpty() || !mMobileDataPreferredUids.isEmpty()) {
-            logwtf("handleSetOemPreference, but per-profile network preferences not empty");
-            return;
-        }
 
         mOemNetworkPreferencesLogs.log("UPDATE INITIATED: " + preference);
         final int uniquePreferenceCount = new ArraySet<>(
@@ -10184,7 +10145,7 @@
                     final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> nris =
                             new OemNetworkRequestFactory()
                                     .createNrisFromOemNetworkPreferences(preference);
-                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris);
+                    replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(nris, PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM);
                 });
         mOemNetworkPreferences = preference;
 
@@ -10198,9 +10159,12 @@
     }
 
     private void replaceDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(
-            @NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> nris) {
-        // Pass in a defensive copy as this collection will be updated on remove.
-        handleRemoveNetworkRequests(new ArraySet<>(mDefaultNetworkRequests));
+            @NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> nris, final int preferencePriority) {
+        // Skip the requests which are set by other network preference. Because the uid range rules
+        // should stay in netd.
+        final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> requests = new ArraySet<>(mDefaultNetworkRequests);
+        requests.removeIf(request -> request.mPreferencePriority != preferencePriority);
+        handleRemoveNetworkRequests(requests);
         addPerAppDefaultNetworkRequests(nris);
     }
 
@@ -10394,8 +10358,7 @@
                 ranges.add(new UidRange(uid, uid));
             }
             setNetworkRequestUids(requests, ranges);
-            return new NetworkRequestInfo(
-                    Process.myUid(), requests, DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM);
+            return new NetworkRequestInfo(Process.myUid(), requests, PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM);
         }
 
         private NetworkRequest createUnmeteredNetworkRequest() {
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 527897e..e45aa98 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -1101,10 +1101,10 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void waitForActiveNetworkMetered(final int targetTransportType,
+    private Network waitForActiveNetworkMetered(final int targetTransportType,
             final boolean requestedMeteredness, final boolean useSystemDefault)
             throws Exception {
-        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Network> networkFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         final NetworkCallback networkCallback = new NetworkCallback() {
             @Override
             public void onCapabilitiesChanged(Network network, NetworkCapabilities nc) {
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@
 
                 final boolean metered = !nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
                 if (metered == requestedMeteredness) {
-                    latch.countDown();
+                    networkFuture.complete(network);
                 }
             }
         };
@@ -1132,18 +1132,20 @@
 
             // Changing meteredness on wifi involves reconnecting, which can take several seconds
             // (involves re-associating, DHCP...).
-            if (!latch.await(NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
-                fail("Timed out waiting for active network metered status to change to "
-                        + requestedMeteredness + " ; network = " + mCm.getActiveNetwork());
-            }
+            return networkFuture.get(NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Timed out waiting for active network metered status to "
+                    + "change to " + requestedMeteredness + " ; network = "
+                    + mCm.getActiveNetwork(), e);
         } finally {
             mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
         }
     }
 
-    private void setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(String ssid, boolean isMetered) throws Exception {
+    private Network setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(String ssid, boolean isMetered) throws Exception {
         setWifiMeteredStatus(ssid, Boolean.toString(isMetered) /* metered */);
-        waitForActiveNetworkMetered(TRANSPORT_WIFI,
+        mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+        return waitForActiveNetworkMetered(TRANSPORT_WIFI,
                 isMetered /* requestedMeteredness */,
                 true /* useSystemDefault */);
     }
@@ -1209,8 +1211,7 @@
                     Integer.toString(newMeteredPreference));
             // Wifi meterness changes from unmetered to metered will disconnect and reconnect since
             // R.
-            setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(ssid, true);
-            final Network network = mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            final Network network = setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(ssid, true);
             assertEquals(ssid, unquoteSSID(mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo().getSSID()));
             assertEquals(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(network).hasCapability(
                     NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED), false);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/KeepaliveUtilsTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/KeepaliveUtilsTest.kt
index 40f39a4..9203f8f 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/KeepaliveUtilsTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/KeepaliveUtilsTest.kt
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
         // Check valid customization generates expected array.
         val validRes = arrayOf("0,3", "1,0", "4,4")
-        val expectedValidRes = intArrayOf(3, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0)
+        val expectedValidRes = intArrayOf(3, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 
         val mockContext = getMockedContextWithStringArrayRes(
                 R.array.config_networkSupportedKeepaliveCount,
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 18805a0..e28f3c4 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@
 import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
 
-import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED;
-import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE;
-import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM;
-import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE;
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED;
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM;
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE;
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityServiceTestUtils.transportToLegacyType;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtils.await;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtils.durationOf;
@@ -176,6 +176,8 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
+
 import android.Manifest;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -309,7 +311,6 @@
 import com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
-import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
 import com.android.internal.util.WakeupMessage;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
@@ -437,6 +438,7 @@
     private static final String TEST_PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.test.package";
     private static final int TEST_PACKAGE_UID = 123;
     private static final int TEST_PACKAGE_UID2 = 321;
+    private static final int TEST_PACKAGE_UID3 = 456;
     private static final String ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE = "com.android.test.alwaysonvpn";
 
     private static final String INTERFACE_NAME = "interface";
@@ -1295,10 +1297,10 @@
 
             verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(
                     new NativeUidRangeConfig(mMockVpn.getNetwork().getNetId(),
-                            toUidRangeStableParcels(uids), DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE));
+                            toUidRangeStableParcels(uids), PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN));
             verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(argThat(config ->
                     mMockVpn.getNetwork().getNetId() == config.netId
-                            && DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE == config.subPriority));
+                            && PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN == config.subPriority));
             mAgentRegistered = true;
             verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigVpn(getNetwork().netId,
                     !mMockNetworkAgent.isBypassableVpn(), mVpnType));
@@ -1602,9 +1604,8 @@
 
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
 
-        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO));
-        when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
+        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO));
+        when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
         when(mUserManager.getUserInfo(PRIMARY_USER)).thenReturn(PRIMARY_USER_INFO);
         // canHaveRestrictedProfile does not take a userId. It applies to the userId of the context
         // it was started from, i.e., PRIMARY_USER.
@@ -1812,7 +1813,7 @@
                 eq(UserHandle.getCallingUserId()))).thenReturn(myPackageInfo);
 
         when(mPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS | MATCH_ANY_USER))).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(new PackageInfo[] {
+                asList(new PackageInfo[] {
                         buildPackageInfo(/* SYSTEM */ false, APP1_UID),
                         buildPackageInfo(/* SYSTEM */ false, APP2_UID),
                         buildPackageInfo(/* SYSTEM */ false, VPN_UID)
@@ -1829,7 +1830,7 @@
         ResolveInfo rInfo = new ResolveInfo();
         rInfo.serviceInfo = new ServiceInfo();
         rInfo.serviceInfo.metaData = new Bundle();
-        final List<ResolveInfo> services = Arrays.asList(new ResolveInfo[]{rInfo});
+        final List<ResolveInfo> services = asList(new ResolveInfo[]{rInfo});
         when(mPackageManager.queryIntentServicesAsUser(any(), eq(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA),
                 eq(userId))).thenReturn(services);
         when(mPackageManager.getPackageUidAsUser(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME, userId))
@@ -4846,8 +4847,8 @@
         final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
         final String settingName = ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE;
 
-        for (int config : Arrays.asList(0, 3, 2)) {
-            for (String setting: Arrays.asList(null, "0", "2", "1")) {
+        for (int config : asList(0, 3, 2)) {
+            for (String setting: asList(null, "0", "2", "1")) {
                 mPolicyTracker.mConfigMeteredMultipathPreference = config;
                 Settings.Global.putString(cr, settingName, setting);
                 mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
@@ -6006,10 +6007,10 @@
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.BLOCKED_STATUS, networkAgent);
         networkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, networkAgent);
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
-        checkDirectlyConnectedRoutes(cbi.getLp(), Arrays.asList(myIpv4Address),
-                Arrays.asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
+        checkDirectlyConnectedRoutes(cbi.getLp(), asList(myIpv4Address),
+                asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
         checkDirectlyConnectedRoutes(mCm.getLinkProperties(networkAgent.getNetwork()),
-                Arrays.asList(myIpv4Address), Arrays.asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
+                asList(myIpv4Address), asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
 
         // Verify direct routes are added during subsequent link properties updates.
         LinkProperties newLp = new LinkProperties(lp);
@@ -6021,8 +6022,8 @@
         cbi = networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, networkAgent);
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
         checkDirectlyConnectedRoutes(cbi.getLp(),
-                Arrays.asList(myIpv4Address, myIpv6Address1, myIpv6Address2),
-                Arrays.asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
+                asList(myIpv4Address, myIpv6Address1, myIpv6Address2),
+                asList(myIpv4DefaultRoute));
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
     }
 
@@ -6350,9 +6351,9 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         ResolverParamsParcel resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(1, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.contains(resolvrParams.servers, "2001:db8::1"));
+        assertTrue(CollectionUtils.contains(resolvrParams.servers, "2001:db8::1"));
         // Opportunistic mode.
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.contains(resolvrParams.tlsServers, "2001:db8::1"));
+        assertTrue(CollectionUtils.contains(resolvrParams.tlsServers, "2001:db8::1"));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
 
         cellLp.addDnsServer(InetAddress.getByName("192.0.2.1"));
@@ -6362,12 +6363,12 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.servers,
-                new String[]{"2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1"}));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.servers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         // Opportunistic mode.
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.tlsServers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.tlsServers,
-                new String[]{"2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1"}));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.tlsServers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
 
         final String TLS_SPECIFIER = "tls.example.com";
@@ -6382,8 +6383,8 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.servers,
-                new String[]{"2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1"}));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.servers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
     }
 
@@ -6490,12 +6491,12 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         ResolverParamsParcel resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.tlsServers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.tlsServers,
-                new String[] { "2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1" }));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.tlsServers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         // Opportunistic mode.
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.tlsServers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.tlsServers,
-                new String[] { "2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1" }));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.tlsServers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
         cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE, mCellNetworkAgent);
         cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
@@ -6512,8 +6513,8 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.servers,
-                new String[] { "2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1" }));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.servers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
 
@@ -6522,11 +6523,11 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.servers,
-                new String[] { "2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1" }));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.servers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         assertEquals(2, resolvrParams.tlsServers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.containsAll(resolvrParams.tlsServers,
-                new String[] { "2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1" }));
+        assertTrue(new ArraySet<>(resolvrParams.tlsServers).containsAll(
+                asList("2001:db8::1", "192.0.2.1")));
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
 
@@ -7562,7 +7563,7 @@
         // Start the restricted profile, and check that the UID within it loses network access.
         when(mPackageManager.getPackageUidAsUser(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, RESTRICTED_USER))
                 .thenReturn(UserHandle.getUid(RESTRICTED_USER, VPN_UID));
-        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO,
+        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO,
                 RESTRICTED_USER_INFO));
         // TODO: check that VPN app within restricted profile still has access, etc.
         final Intent addedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_ADDED);
@@ -7573,7 +7574,7 @@
         assertNull(mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(restrictedUid));
 
         // Stop the restricted profile, and check that the UID within it has network access again.
-        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO));
+        when(mUserManager.getAliveUsers()).thenReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO));
 
         // Send a USER_REMOVED broadcast and expect to lose the UID range for the restricted user.
         final Intent removedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
@@ -7998,7 +7999,7 @@
     // networks, ConnectivityService does not guarantee the order in which callbacks are fired.
     private void assertBlockedCallbackInAnyOrder(TestNetworkCallback callback, boolean blocked,
             TestNetworkAgentWrapper... agents) {
-        final List<Network> expectedNetworks = Arrays.asList(agents).stream()
+        final List<Network> expectedNetworks = asList(agents).stream()
                 .map((agent) -> agent.getNetwork())
                 .collect(Collectors.toList());
 
@@ -8694,7 +8695,7 @@
                 mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.capture());
         ResolverParamsParcel resolvrParams = mResolverParamsParcelCaptor.getValue();
         assertEquals(1, resolvrParams.servers.length);
-        assertTrue(ArrayUtils.contains(resolvrParams.servers, "8.8.8.8"));
+        assertTrue(CollectionUtils.contains(resolvrParams.servers, "8.8.8.8"));
 
         for (final LinkProperties stackedLp : stackedLpsAfterChange) {
             verify(mDeps).reportNetworkInterfaceForTransports(
@@ -9367,7 +9368,7 @@
         InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd);
 
         // Update to new range which is old range minus APP1, i.e. only APP2
-        final Set<UidRange> newRanges = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(
+        final Set<UidRange> newRanges = new HashSet<>(asList(
                 new UidRange(vpnRange.start, APP1_UID - 1),
                 new UidRange(APP1_UID + 1, vpnRange.stop)));
         mMockVpn.setUids(newRanges);
@@ -10477,11 +10478,11 @@
         if (add) {
             inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(
                     new NativeUidRangeConfig(mMockVpn.getNetwork().getNetId(),
-                            toUidRangeStableParcels(vpnRanges), DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE));
+                            toUidRangeStableParcels(vpnRanges), PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN));
         } else {
             inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(
                     new NativeUidRangeConfig(mMockVpn.getNetwork().getNetId(),
-                            toUidRangeStableParcels(vpnRanges), DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_NONE));
+                            toUidRangeStableParcels(vpnRanges), PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_VPN));
         }
 
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).socketDestroy(eq(toUidRangeStableParcels(vpnRanges)),
@@ -10509,7 +10510,7 @@
         verify(mProxyTracker, never()).sendProxyBroadcast();
 
         // Update to new range which is old range minus APP1, i.e. only APP2
-        final Set<UidRange> newRanges = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(
+        final Set<UidRange> newRanges = new HashSet<>(asList(
                 new UidRange(vpnRange.start, APP1_UID - 1),
                 new UidRange(APP1_UID + 1, vpnRange.stop)));
         mMockVpn.setUids(newRanges);
@@ -10955,7 +10956,7 @@
                         .createNrisFromOemNetworkPreferences(
                                 createDefaultOemNetworkPreferences(prefToTest));
         final NetworkRequestInfo nri = nris.iterator().next();
-        assertEquals(DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority());
+        assertEquals(PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.mPreferencePriority);
         final List<NetworkRequest> mRequests = nri.mRequests;
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfNris, nris.size());
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfRequests, mRequests.size());
@@ -10985,7 +10986,7 @@
                         .createNrisFromOemNetworkPreferences(
                                 createDefaultOemNetworkPreferences(prefToTest));
         final NetworkRequestInfo nri = nris.iterator().next();
-        assertEquals(DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority());
+        assertEquals(PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.mPreferencePriority);
         final List<NetworkRequest> mRequests = nri.mRequests;
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfNris, nris.size());
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfRequests, mRequests.size());
@@ -11012,7 +11013,7 @@
                         .createNrisFromOemNetworkPreferences(
                                 createDefaultOemNetworkPreferences(prefToTest));
         final NetworkRequestInfo nri = nris.iterator().next();
-        assertEquals(DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority());
+        assertEquals(PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.mPreferencePriority);
         final List<NetworkRequest> mRequests = nri.mRequests;
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfNris, nris.size());
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfRequests, mRequests.size());
@@ -11036,7 +11037,7 @@
                         .createNrisFromOemNetworkPreferences(
                                 createDefaultOemNetworkPreferences(prefToTest));
         final NetworkRequestInfo nri = nris.iterator().next();
-        assertEquals(DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority());
+        assertEquals(PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM, nri.mPreferencePriority);
         final List<NetworkRequest> mRequests = nri.mRequests;
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfNris, nris.size());
         assertEquals(expectedNumOfRequests, mRequests.size());
@@ -11110,7 +11111,7 @@
         final int secondUserTestPackageUid = UserHandle.getUid(SECONDARY_USER, TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
         final int thirdUserTestPackageUid = UserHandle.getUid(TERTIARY_USER, TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
         when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, SECONDARY_USER_HANDLE, TERTIARY_USER_HANDLE));
+                asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, SECONDARY_USER_HANDLE, TERTIARY_USER_HANDLE));
 
         // Arrange PackageManager mocks testing for users who have and don't have a package.
         mockGetApplicationInfoThrowsNameNotFound(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME, PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE);
@@ -11414,19 +11415,29 @@
             @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPrefToSetup,
             @NonNull final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges,
             @NonNull final String testPackageName) throws Exception {
-        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(
-                networkPrefToSetup, uidRanges, testPackageName, true);
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(networkPrefToSetup, uidRanges,
+                testPackageName, PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, true /* hasAutomotiveFeature */);
     }
 
     private void setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(
             @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPrefToSetup,
             @NonNull final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges,
             @NonNull final String testPackageName,
+            @NonNull final UserHandle user) throws Exception {
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(networkPrefToSetup, uidRanges,
+                testPackageName, user, true /* hasAutomotiveFeature */);
+    }
+
+    private void setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(
+            @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPrefToSetup,
+            @NonNull final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges,
+            @NonNull final String testPackageName,
+            @NonNull final UserHandle user,
             final boolean hasAutomotiveFeature) throws Exception {
         mockHasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE, hasAutomotiveFeature);
 
         // These tests work off a single UID therefore using 'start' is valid.
-        mockGetApplicationInfo(testPackageName, uidRanges[0].start);
+        mockGetApplicationInfo(testPackageName, uidRanges[0].start, user);
 
         setOemNetworkPreference(networkPrefToSetup, testPackageName);
     }
@@ -11717,11 +11728,11 @@
         verify(mMockNetd, times(addUidRangesTimes)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(argThat(config ->
                 (useAnyIdForAdd ? true : addUidRangesNetId == config.netId)
                         && Arrays.equals(addedUidRanges, config.uidRanges)
-                        && DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM == config.subPriority));
+                        && PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM == config.subPriority));
         verify(mMockNetd, times(removeUidRangesTimes)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(
                 argThat(config -> (useAnyIdForRemove ? true : removeUidRangesNetId == config.netId)
                         && Arrays.equals(removedUidRanges, config.uidRanges)
-                        && DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_OEM == config.subPriority));
+                        && PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM == config.subPriority));
         if (shouldDestroyNetwork) {
             verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
                     .networkDestroy((useAnyIdForRemove ? anyInt() : eq(removeUidRangesNetId)));
@@ -11771,7 +11782,7 @@
 
         // Add an OEM default network request to track.
         setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(
-                networkPref, uidRanges, validTestPackageName,
+                networkPref, uidRanges, validTestPackageName, PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE,
                 false /* hasAutomotiveFeature */);
 
         // Two requests should now exist; the system default and the test request.
@@ -12047,7 +12058,7 @@
         final int secondUser = 10;
         final UserHandle secondUserHandle = new UserHandle(secondUser);
         when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, secondUserHandle));
+                asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, secondUserHandle));
 
         // Arrange PackageManager mocks
         final int secondUserTestPackageUid = UserHandle.getUid(secondUser, TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
@@ -12088,7 +12099,7 @@
         final int secondUser = 10;
         final UserHandle secondUserHandle = new UserHandle(secondUser);
         when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
+                asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
 
         // Arrange PackageManager mocks
         final int secondUserTestPackageUid = UserHandle.getUid(secondUser, TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
@@ -12116,7 +12127,7 @@
 
         // Send a broadcast indicating a user was added.
         when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, secondUserHandle));
+                asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE, secondUserHandle));
         final Intent addedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_ADDED);
         addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(secondUser));
         processBroadcast(addedIntent);
@@ -12129,7 +12140,7 @@
 
         // Send a broadcast indicating a user was removed.
         when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(
-                Arrays.asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
+                asList(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE));
         final Intent removedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
         removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(secondUser));
         processBroadcast(removedIntent);
@@ -12876,7 +12887,7 @@
         // is not handled specially, the rules are always active as long as a preference is set.
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         // The enterprise network is not ready yet.
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback,
@@ -12892,10 +12903,10 @@
                 nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(workAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         // Make sure changes to the work agent send callbacks to the app in the work profile, but
         // not to the other apps.
@@ -12945,7 +12956,7 @@
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkDestroy(workAgent.getNetwork().netId);
 
         mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
@@ -12970,7 +12981,7 @@
                 workAgent2.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent2.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         workAgent2.setNetworkValid(true /* isStrictMode */);
         workAgent2.mNetworkMonitor.forceReevaluation(Process.myUid());
@@ -13017,7 +13028,7 @@
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
 
@@ -13033,7 +13044,7 @@
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         workAgent.disconnect();
         mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
@@ -13079,7 +13090,7 @@
         listener.expectOnComplete();
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle2),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent);
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback,
@@ -13090,7 +13101,7 @@
         listener.expectOnComplete();
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle4),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         app4Cb.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent);
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback,
@@ -13101,7 +13112,7 @@
         listener.expectOnComplete();
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 workAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle2),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback,
@@ -13130,7 +13141,7 @@
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
 
         final Intent removedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
         removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, testHandle);
@@ -13138,39 +13149,7 @@
 
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
                 mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, uidRangeFor(testHandle),
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Make sure that OEM preference and per-profile preference can't be used at the same
-     * time and throw ISE if tried
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void testOemPreferenceAndProfilePreferenceExclusive() throws Exception {
-        final UserHandle testHandle = UserHandle.of(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_USER_ID);
-        mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, true);
-        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
-
-        setupMultipleDefaultNetworksForOemNetworkPreferenceNotCurrentUidTest(
-                OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_OEM_PAID_ONLY);
-        assertThrows("Should not be able to set per-profile pref while OEM prefs present",
-                IllegalStateException.class, () ->
-                        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle,
-                                PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE,
-                                r -> r.run(), listener));
-
-        // Empty the OEM prefs
-        final TestOemListenerCallback oemPrefListener = new TestOemListenerCallback();
-        final OemNetworkPreferences emptyOemPref = new OemNetworkPreferences.Builder().build();
-        mService.setOemNetworkPreference(emptyOemPref, oemPrefListener);
-        oemPrefListener.expectOnComplete();
-
-        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle, PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE,
-                r -> r.run(), listener);
-        listener.expectOnComplete();
-        assertThrows("Should not be able to set OEM prefs while per-profile pref is on",
-                IllegalStateException.class , () ->
-                        mService.setOemNetworkPreference(emptyOemPref, oemPrefListener));
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -13341,8 +13320,7 @@
         assertEquals(1, nris.size());
         assertTrue(nri.isMultilayerRequest());
         assertEquals(nri.getUids(), uidRangesForUids(uids));
-        assertEquals(DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED,
-                nri.getDefaultNetworkPriority());
+        assertEquals(PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED, nri.mPreferencePriority);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -13394,7 +13372,7 @@
         final Set<Integer> uids1 = Set.of(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
         final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges1 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids1));
         final NativeUidRangeConfig config1 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges1,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED);
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
         setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(uids1);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config1);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(any());
@@ -13406,7 +13384,7 @@
                 SECONDARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
         final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges2 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids2));
         final NativeUidRangeConfig config2 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges2,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED);
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
         setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(uids2);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(config1);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config2);
@@ -13454,7 +13432,7 @@
         final Set<Integer> uids = Set.of(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
         final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids));
         final NativeUidRangeConfig wifiConfig = new NativeUidRangeConfig(wifiNetId, uidRanges,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED);
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
         setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(uids);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(wifiConfig);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(any());
@@ -13470,7 +13448,7 @@
 
         final int cellNetId = mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId;
         final NativeUidRangeConfig cellConfig = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED);
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
                 cellNetId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(cellConfig);
@@ -13499,7 +13477,7 @@
 
         final int cellNetId2 = mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId;
         final NativeUidRangeConfig cellConfig2 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId2, uidRanges,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED);
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
                 cellNetId2, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
         inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(cellConfig2);
@@ -13580,4 +13558,181 @@
             waitForIdle();
         });
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAllNetworkPreferencesCanCoexist()
+            throws Exception {
+        final InOrder inorder = inOrder(mMockNetd);
+        @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPref =
+                OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_OEM_PAID;
+        final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
+
+        setOemNetworkPreferenceAgentConnected(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, true);
+        final int cellNetId = mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId;
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                cellNetId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
+
+        // Set oem network preference
+        final int[] uids1 = new int[] { PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID) };
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges1 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids1));
+        final NativeUidRangeConfig config1 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges1,
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM);
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(networkPref, uidRanges1, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config1);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(any());
+
+        // Set user profile network preference
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent();
+        workAgent.connect(true);
+
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle, PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE,
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        final NativeUidRangeConfig config2 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(workAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle), PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_PROFILE);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(any());
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config2);
+
+        // Set MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS setting
+        final Set<Integer> uids2 = Set.of(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID2));
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges2 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids2));
+        final NativeUidRangeConfig config3 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges2,
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
+        setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(uids2);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(any());
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config3);
+
+        // Set oem network preference again with different uid.
+        final Set<Integer> uids3 = Set.of(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID3));
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges3 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids3));
+        final NativeUidRangeConfig config4 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges3,
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_OEM);
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(networkPref, uidRanges3, "com.android.test");
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(config1);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config4);
+
+        // Remove user profile network preference
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle, PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT,
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(config2);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkAddUidRangesParcel(any());
+
+        // Set MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS setting again with same uid as oem network preference.
+        final NativeUidRangeConfig config6 = new NativeUidRangeConfig(cellNetId, uidRanges3,
+                PREFERENCE_PRIORITY_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERERRED);
+        setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(uids3);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(config3);
+        inorder.verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddUidRangesParcel(config6);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkCallbackAndActiveNetworkForUid_AllNetworkPreferencesEnabled()
+            throws Exception {
+        // File a request for cell to ensure it doesn't go down.
+        final TestNetworkCallback cellNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest cellRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).build();
+        mCm.requestNetwork(cellRequest, cellNetworkCallback);
+        cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        // Register callbacks and have wifi network as default network.
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(),
+                mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Set MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS setting with TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID and
+        // TEST_PACKAGE_UID. Both mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback and
+        // mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback should receive callback with cell network.
+        setAndUpdateMobileDataPreferredUids(Set.of(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID, TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(),
+                mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Set user profile network preference with test profile. mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback
+        // should receive callback with higher priority network preference (enterprise network).
+        // The others should have no callbacks.
+        final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent();
+        workAgent.connect(true);
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle, PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE,
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        assertNoCallbacks(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent);
+        assertEquals(workAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Set oem network preference with TEST_PACKAGE_UID. mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback
+        // should receive callback with higher priority network preference (current default network)
+        // and the others should have no callbacks.
+        @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPref =
+                OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_OEM_PAID;
+        final int[] uids1 = new int[] { TEST_PACKAGE_UID };
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges1 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids1));
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(networkPref, uidRanges1, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
+        assertNoCallbacks(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+        assertEquals(workAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+
+        // Set oem network preference with TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID. Both
+        // mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback and mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback should receive
+        // callback.
+        final int[] uids2 = new int[] { TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID };
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges2 = toUidRangeStableParcels(uidRangesForUids(uids2));
+        when(mUserManager.getUserHandles(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(Arrays.asList(testHandle));
+        setupSetOemNetworkPreferenceForPreferenceTest(
+                networkPref, uidRanges2, "com.android.test", testHandle);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(),
+                mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Remove oem network preference, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback should receive callback
+        // with current highest priority network preference (enterprise network) and the others
+        // should have no callbacks.
+        final TestOemListenerCallback oemPrefListener = new TestOemListenerCallback();
+        mService.setOemNetworkPreference(
+                new OemNetworkPreferences.Builder().build(), oemPrefListener);
+        oemPrefListener.expectOnComplete();
+        assertNoCallbacks(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent);
+        assertEquals(workAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Remove user profile network preference.
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle, PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT,
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        assertNoCallbacks(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(),
+                mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID));
+        assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID));
+
+        // Disconnect wifi
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        assertNoCallbacks(mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+    }
 }