diff --git a/framework/Android.bp b/framework/Android.bp
index 74cecdd..88c1748 100644
--- a/framework/Android.bp
+++ b/framework/Android.bp
@@ -23,26 +23,6 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["frameworks_base_license"],
 }
 
-java_library {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-protos",
-    sdk_version: "module_current",
-    min_sdk_version: "30",
-    proto: {
-        type: "nano",
-    },
-    srcs: [
-        // TODO: consider moving relevant .proto files directly to the module directory
-        ":framework-javastream-protos",
-    ],
-    apex_available: [
-        "com.android.tethering",
-    ],
-    jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules-proto.txt",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
 filegroup {
     name: "framework-connectivity-internal-sources",
     srcs: [
@@ -109,9 +89,6 @@
     libs: [
         "unsupportedappusage",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "framework-connectivity-protos",
-    ],
     jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules.txt",
     permitted_packages: ["android.net"],
     impl_library_visibility: [
@@ -128,8 +105,9 @@
     ],
 }
 
-cc_defaults {
-    name: "libframework-connectivity-defaults",
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "libframework-connectivity-jni",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -140,38 +118,19 @@
         "-Wno-unguarded-availability",
         "-Wthread-safety",
     ],
+    srcs: [
+        "jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp",
+        "jni/onload.cpp",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libandroid",
         "liblog",
         "libnativehelper",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "dnsproxyd_protocol_headers",
     ],
-}
-
-cc_library_static {
-    name: "libconnectivityframeworkutils",
-    defaults: ["libframework-connectivity-defaults"],
-    srcs: [
-        "jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: ["libandroid_net"],
-    apex_available: [
-        "//apex_available:platform",
-        "com.android.tethering",
-    ],
-}
-
-cc_library_shared {
-    name: "libframework-connectivity-jni",
-    min_sdk_version: "30",
-    defaults: ["libframework-connectivity-defaults"],
-    srcs: [
-        "jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp",
-        "jni/onload.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: ["libandroid"],
-    stl: "libc++_static",
+    stl: "none",
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
     ],
diff --git a/framework/jarjar-rules-proto.txt b/framework/jarjar-rules-proto.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 37b4dec..0000000
--- a/framework/jarjar-rules-proto.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-keep android.net.NetworkCapabilitiesProto
-keep android.net.NetworkProto
-keep android.net.NetworkRequestProto
diff --git a/framework/jarjar-rules.txt b/framework/jarjar-rules.txt
index 7474c24..2e5848c 100644
--- a/framework/jarjar-rules.txt
+++ b/framework/jarjar-rules.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,2 @@
 rule com.android.net.module.util.** android.net.connectivity.framework.util.@1
 rule android.net.NetworkFactory* android.net.connectivity.framework.NetworkFactory@1
-
-# TODO (b/149403767): remove the annotations from net-utils-device-common instead of here
-zap android.annotation.**
-zap com.android.net.module.annotation.**
-zap com.android.internal.annotations.**
-
-rule android.net.NetworkCapabilitiesProto* android.net.connectivity.proto.NetworkCapabilitiesProto@1
-rule android.net.NetworkProto* android.net.connectivity.proto.NetworkProto@1
-rule android.net.NetworkRequestProto* android.net.connectivity.proto.NetworkRequestProto@1
diff --git a/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp b/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
index e8bb42d..9bf910b 100644
--- a/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
+++ b/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
@@ -16,34 +16,19 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "NetworkUtils"
 
-#include <vector>
-
 #include <android/file_descriptor_jni.h>
 #include <android/multinetwork.h>
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <linux/filter.h>
-#include <linux/if_arp.h>
 #include <linux/tcp.h>
-#include <net/if.h>
-#include <netinet/ether.h>
-#include <netinet/ip.h>
-#include <netinet/udp.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
 #include <DnsProxydProtocol.h> // NETID_USE_LOCAL_NAMESERVERS
-#include <cutils/properties.h>
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
 #include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
-#include <nativehelper/ScopedLocalRef.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
-#include <utils/misc.h>
 
 #include "jni.h"
 
-extern "C" {
-int ifc_enable(const char *ifname);
-int ifc_disable(const char *ifname);
-}
-
 #define NETUTILS_PKG_NAME "android/net/NetworkUtils"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -52,6 +37,9 @@
 // FrameworkListener limits the size of commands to 4096 bytes.
 constexpr int MAXCMDSIZE = 4096;
 
+static volatile jclass class_Network = 0;
+static volatile jmethodID method_fromNetworkHandle = 0;
+
 static inline jclass FindClassOrDie(JNIEnv* env, const char* class_name) {
     jclass clazz = env->FindClass(class_name);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(clazz == NULL, "Unable to find class %s", class_name);
@@ -138,11 +126,11 @@
 
     // Only allow dname which could be simply formatted to UTF8.
     // In native layer, res_mkquery would re-format the input char array to packet.
-    std::vector<char> queryname(byteCountUTF8 + 1, 0);
+    char queryname[byteCountUTF8 + 1];
+    memset(queryname, 0, (byteCountUTF8 + 1) * sizeof(char));
 
-    env->GetStringUTFRegion(dname, 0, javaCharsCount, queryname.data());
-
-    int fd = android_res_nquery(netHandle, queryname.data(), ns_class, ns_type, flags);
+    env->GetStringUTFRegion(dname, 0, javaCharsCount, queryname);
+    int fd = android_res_nquery(netHandle, queryname, ns_class, ns_type, flags);
 
     if (fd < 0) {
         jniThrowErrnoException(env, "resNetworkQuery", -fd);
@@ -170,9 +158,9 @@
 static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkResult(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
     int fd = AFileDescriptor_getFD(env, javaFd);
     int rcode;
-    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(MAXPACKETSIZE, 0);
+    uint8_t buf[MAXPACKETSIZE] = {0};
 
-    int res = android_res_nresult(fd, &rcode, buf.data(), MAXPACKETSIZE);
+    int res = android_res_nresult(fd, &rcode, buf, MAXPACKETSIZE);
     jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd, -1);
     if (res < 0) {
         jniThrowErrnoException(env, "resNetworkResult", -res);
@@ -184,8 +172,7 @@
         jniThrowErrnoException(env, "resNetworkResult", ENOMEM);
         return nullptr;
     } else {
-        env->SetByteArrayRegion(answer, 0, res,
-                reinterpret_cast<jbyte*>(buf.data()));
+        env->SetByteArrayRegion(answer, 0, res, reinterpret_cast<jbyte*>(buf));
     }
 
     jclass class_DnsResponse = env->FindClass("android/net/DnsResolver$DnsResponse");
@@ -207,11 +194,14 @@
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    static jclass class_Network = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(
-            env, FindClassOrDie(env, "android/net/Network"));
-    static jmethodID method = env->GetStaticMethodID(class_Network, "fromNetworkHandle",
-            "(J)Landroid/net/Network;");
-    return env->CallStaticObjectMethod(class_Network, method, static_cast<jlong>(dnsNetHandle));
+    if (method_fromNetworkHandle == 0) {
+        // This may be called multiple times concurrently but that is fine
+        class_Network = MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, FindClassOrDie(env, "android/net/Network"));
+        method_fromNetworkHandle = env->GetStaticMethodID(class_Network, "fromNetworkHandle",
+                "(J)Landroid/net/Network;");
+    }
+    return env->CallStaticObjectMethod(class_Network, method_fromNetworkHandle,
+            static_cast<jlong>(dnsNetHandle));
 }
 
 static jobject android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
index 5313f08..88cbf5c 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
@@ -655,25 +655,6 @@
                 ", " + networkCapabilities.toString() + " ]";
     }
 
-    private int typeToProtoEnum(Type t) {
-        switch (t) {
-            case NONE:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_NONE;
-            case LISTEN:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_LISTEN;
-            case TRACK_DEFAULT:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_TRACK_DEFAULT;
-            case REQUEST:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_REQUEST;
-            case BACKGROUND_REQUEST:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_BACKGROUND_REQUEST;
-            case TRACK_SYSTEM_DEFAULT:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_TRACK_SYSTEM_DEFAULT;
-            default:
-                return NetworkRequestProto.TYPE_UNKNOWN;
-        }
-    }
-
     public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
         if (obj instanceof NetworkRequest == false) return false;
         NetworkRequest that = (NetworkRequest)obj;