diff --git a/Tethering/Android.bp b/Tethering/Android.bp
index 0b54783..bb435d8 100644
--- a/Tethering/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/Android.bp
@@ -206,4 +206,5 @@
 sdk {
     name: "tethering-module-sdk",
     bootclasspath_fragments: ["com.android.tethering-bootclasspath-fragment"],
+    systemserverclasspath_fragments: ["com.android.tethering-systemserverclasspath-fragment"],
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
index 9c0722a..ee1c5fe 100644
--- a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@
 // different value depending on the branch.
 java_defaults {
     name: "ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults",
-    enabled: false,
+    enabled: true,
 }
 apex_defaults {
     name: "ConnectivityApexDefaults",
     // Tethering app to include in the AOSP apex. Branches that disable the "next" targets may use
     // a stable tethering app instead, but will generally override the AOSP apex to use updatable
     // package names and keys, so that apex will be unused anyway.
-    apps: ["Tethering"], // Replace to "Tethering" if ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults is false.
+    apps: ["TetheringNext"], // Replace to "Tethering" if ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults is false.
 }
 // This is a placeholder comment to avoid merge conflicts
 // as the above target may have different "enabled" values
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
     bootclasspath_fragments: [
         "com.android.tethering-bootclasspath-fragment",
     ],
-    java_libs: [
-        "service-connectivity",
+    systemserverclasspath_fragments: [
+        "com.android.tethering-systemserverclasspath-fragment",
     ],
     multilib: {
         first: {
@@ -117,6 +117,12 @@
     },
 }
 
+systemserverclasspath_fragment {
+    name: "com.android.tethering-systemserverclasspath-fragment",
+    standalone_contents: ["service-connectivity"],
+    apex_available: ["com.android.tethering"],
+}
+
 override_apex {
     name: "com.android.tethering.inprocess",
     base: "com.android.tethering",
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
index 1b52ec4..5309e02 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 import android.os.BatteryManager;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.RemoteCallback;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 import android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService;
@@ -140,6 +141,7 @@
 
     private static final int ACTIVITY_NETWORK_STATE_TIMEOUT_MS = 6_000;
     private static final int JOB_NETWORK_STATE_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
+    private static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
 
     // Must be higher than NETWORK_TIMEOUT_MS
     private static final int ORDERED_BROADCAST_TIMEOUT_MS = NETWORK_TIMEOUT_MS * 4;
@@ -798,6 +800,22 @@
         mDeviceIdleDeviceConfigStateHelper.restoreOriginalValues();
     }
 
+    protected void launchActivity() throws Exception {
+        turnScreenOn();
+        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final Intent launchIntent = getIntentForComponent(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+        final RemoteCallback callback = new RemoteCallback(result -> latch.countDown());
+        launchIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REMOTE_CALLBACK, callback);
+        mContext.startActivity(launchIntent);
+        // There might be a race when app2 is launched but ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY has not registered
+        // before test calls finishActivity(). When the issue is happened, there is no way to fix
+        // it, so have a callback design to make sure that the app is launched completely and
+        // ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY will be registered before leaving this method.
+        if (!latch.await(LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+            fail("Timed out waiting for launching activity");
+        }
+    }
+
     protected void launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(int type) throws Exception {
         launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(type, true);
     }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
index ad7ec9e..a0d88c9 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
@@ -18,37 +18,28 @@
 
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidNetworkingBlocked;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 public class NetworkPolicyManagerTest extends AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase {
     private static final boolean METERED = true;
     private static final boolean NON_METERED = false;
 
-    @Rule
-    public final MeterednessConfigurationRule mMeterednessConfiguration =
-            new MeterednessConfigurationRule();
-
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         super.setUp();
 
-        assumeTrue(canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness());
-
         registerBroadcastReceiver();
 
         removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
@@ -145,13 +136,14 @@
             removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
 
             // Make TEST_APP2_PKG go to foreground and mUid will be allowed temporarily.
-            launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+            launchActivity();
             assertForegroundState();
             assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid(mUid, METERED,
                     false /* expectedResult */); // Match NTWK_ALLOWED_TMP_ALLOWLIST
 
             // Back to background.
             finishActivity();
+            assertBackgroundState();
             assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid(mUid, METERED,
                     true /* expectedResult */); // Match NTWK_BLOCKED_BG_RESTRICT
         } finally {
@@ -222,26 +214,27 @@
             // enabled and mUid is not in the restrict background whitelist and TEST_APP2_PKG is not
             // in the foreground. For other cases, it will return false.
             setRestrictBackground(true);
-            assertTrue(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, true /* expectedResult */);
 
             // Make TEST_APP2_PKG go to foreground and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks() will
             // return false.
-            launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+            launchActivity();
             assertForegroundState();
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
             // Back to background.
             finishActivity();
+            assertBackgroundState();
 
             // Add mUid into restrict background whitelist and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks()
             // will return false.
             addRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
             removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
         } finally {
             // Restrict background is disabled and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks() will return
             // false.
             setRestrictBackground(false);
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
index 89a9bd6..9c4a348 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
@@ -439,6 +439,11 @@
         PollingCheck.waitFor(() -> (expectedResult == isUidNetworkingBlocked(uid, metered)));
     }
 
+    public static void assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(int uid, boolean expectedResult)
+            throws Exception {
+        PollingCheck.waitFor(() -> (expectedResult == isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(uid)));
+    }
+
     public static boolean isUidNetworkingBlocked(int uid, boolean meteredNetwork) {
         final UiAutomation uiAutomation = getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
         try {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
index 5f0f6d6..4266aad 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         super.setUp();
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
     }
 
     @After
@@ -34,8 +35,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkAccess() throws Exception {
-        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
-
         // go to foreground state and enable restricted mode
         launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
         setRestrictedNetworkingMode(true);
@@ -54,4 +53,18 @@
         finishActivity();
         assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkAccess_withBatterySaver() throws Exception {
+        setBatterySaverMode(true);
+        addPowerSaveModeWhitelist(TEST_APP2_PKG);
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
+
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(true);
+        // App would be denied network access since Restricted mode is on.
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(false);
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
+        // Given that Restricted mode is turned off, app should be able to access network again.
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
index 9fdb9c9..54eb927 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TEST_PKG;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
@@ -25,13 +24,10 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.os.AsyncTask;
 import android.os.Bundle;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.RemoteCallback;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
-
 /**
  * Activity used to bring process to foreground.
  */
@@ -52,6 +48,11 @@
             }
         };
         registerReceiver(finishCommandReceiver, new IntentFilter(ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY));
+        final RemoteCallback callback = getIntent().getParcelableExtra(
+                Intent.EXTRA_REMOTE_CALLBACK);
+        if (callback != null) {
+            callback.sendResult(null);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
index a95fc64..f633df4 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
@@ -330,6 +330,11 @@
                 "testNetworkAccess");
     }
 
+    public void testNetworkAccess_restrictedMode_withBatterySaver() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".RestrictedModeTest",
+                "testNetworkAccess_withBatterySaver");
+    }
+
     /************************
      * Expedited job tests. *
      ************************/
diff --git a/tests/deflake/Android.bp b/tests/deflake/Android.bp
index b3d0363..8205f1c 100644
--- a/tests/deflake/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/deflake/Android.bp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 // FrameworksNetDeflakeTest depends on FrameworksNetTests so it should be disabled
 // if FrameworksNetTests is disabled.
-enable_frameworks_net_deflake_test = false
+enable_frameworks_net_deflake_test = true
 // Placeholder
 // This is a placeholder comment to minimize merge conflicts, as enable_frameworks_net_deflake_test
 // may have different values depending on the branch
diff --git a/tests/unit/Android.bp b/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 9e80a25..3735ca4 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // Whether to enable the FrameworksNetTests. Set to false in the branches that might have older
 // frameworks/base since FrameworksNetTests includes the test for classes that are not in
 // connectivity module.
-enable_frameworks_net_tests = false
+enable_frameworks_net_tests = true
 // Placeholder
 // This is a placeholder comment to minimize merge conflicts, as enable_frameworks_net_tests
 // may have different values depending on the branch