diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index e496966..758c612 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -4722,6 +4722,22 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Temporarily allow bad wifi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
+     *
+     * @param timeMs The expired current time. The value should be set within a limited time from
+     *               now.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs) {
+        try {
+            mService.setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(timeMs);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Requests that the system open the captive portal app on the specified network.
      *
      * <p>This is to be used on networks where a captive portal was detected, as per
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
index c434bbc..50ec781 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
@@ -226,4 +226,6 @@
     void offerNetwork(int providerId, in NetworkScore score,
             in NetworkCapabilities caps, in INetworkOfferCallback callback);
     void unofferNetwork(in INetworkOfferCallback callback);
+
+    void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs);
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java b/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
index 0b42a00..7e62d28 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@
     private volatile boolean mAvoidBadWifi = true;
     private volatile int mMeteredMultipathPreference;
     private int mActiveSubId = SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
+    private volatile long mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = 0;
 
     // Mainline module can't use internal HandlerExecutor, so add an identical executor here.
     private static class HandlerExecutor implements Executor {
@@ -162,14 +163,31 @@
      * Whether the device or carrier configuration disables avoiding bad wifi by default.
      */
     public boolean configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() {
+        final boolean allowBadWifi = mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > 0
+                && mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > System.currentTimeMillis();
+        // If the config returns true, then avoid bad wifi design can be controlled by the
+        // NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI setting.
+        if (allowBadWifi) return true;
+
         // TODO: use R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi directly
         final int id = mResources.get().getIdentifier("config_networkAvoidBadWifi",
                 "integer", mResources.getResourcesContext().getPackageName());
         return (getResourcesForActiveSubId().getInteger(id) == 0);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Temporarily allow bad wifi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
+     * The value works when the time set is more than {@link System.currentTimeMillis()}.
+     */
+    public void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "setTestAllowBadWifiUntil: " + mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs);
+        mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = timeMs;
+        updateAvoidBadWifi();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
     @NonNull
-    private Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId() {
+    protected Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId() {
         return SubscriptionManager.getResourcesForSubId(
                 mResources.getResourcesContext(), mActiveSubId);
     }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 899286b..1f91eca 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -652,6 +652,12 @@
     private static final int EVENT_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS_CHANGED = 54;
 
     /**
+     * Event to set temporary allow bad wifi within a limited time to override
+     * {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi}.
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_SET_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL = 55;
+
+    /**
      * Argument for {@link #EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION} to indicate that the notification
      * should be shown.
      */
@@ -663,6 +669,11 @@
      */
     private static final int PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION_HIDE = 0;
 
+    /**
+     * The maximum alive time to allow bad wifi configuration for testing.
+     */
+    private static final long MAX_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000L;
+
     private static String eventName(int what) {
         return sMagicDecoderRing.get(what, Integer.toString(what));
     }
@@ -1276,6 +1287,20 @@
         public boolean getCellular464XlatEnabled() {
             return NetworkProperties.isCellular464XlatEnabled().orElse(true);
         }
+
+        /**
+         * @see PendingIntent#intentFilterEquals
+         */
+        public boolean intentFilterEquals(PendingIntent a, PendingIntent b) {
+            return a.intentFilterEquals(b);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see LocationPermissionChecker
+         */
+        public LocationPermissionChecker makeLocationPermissionChecker(Context context) {
+            return new LocationPermissionChecker(context);
+        }
     }
 
     public ConnectivityService(Context context) {
@@ -1343,7 +1368,7 @@
         mNetd = netd;
         mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
         mAppOpsManager = (AppOpsManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
-        mLocationPermissionChecker = new LocationPermissionChecker(mContext);
+        mLocationPermissionChecker = mDeps.makeLocationPermissionChecker(mContext);
 
         // To ensure uid state is synchronized with Network Policy, register for
         // NetworkPolicyManagerService events must happen prior to NetworkPolicyManagerService
@@ -3934,7 +3959,7 @@
         for (Map.Entry<NetworkRequest, NetworkRequestInfo> entry : mNetworkRequests.entrySet()) {
             PendingIntent existingPendingIntent = entry.getValue().mPendingIntent;
             if (existingPendingIntent != null &&
-                    existingPendingIntent.intentFilterEquals(pendingIntent)) {
+                    mDeps.intentFilterEquals(existingPendingIntent, pendingIntent)) {
                 return entry.getValue();
             }
         }
@@ -4328,6 +4353,22 @@
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SET_AVOID_UNVALIDATED, network));
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs) {
+        enforceSettingsPermission();
+        if (!Build.isDebuggable()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Does not support in non-debuggable build");
+        }
+
+        if (timeMs > System.currentTimeMillis() + MAX_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL_MS) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("It should not exceed "
+                    + MAX_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL_MS + "ms from now");
+        }
+
+        mHandler.sendMessage(
+                mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SET_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL, timeMs));
+    }
+
     private void handleSetAcceptUnvalidated(Network network, boolean accept, boolean always) {
         if (DBG) log("handleSetAcceptUnvalidated network=" + network +
                 " accept=" + accept + " always=" + always);
@@ -4870,6 +4911,10 @@
                 case EVENT_MOBILE_DATA_PREFERRED_UIDS_CHANGED:
                     handleMobileDataPreferredUidsChanged();
                     break;
+                case EVENT_SET_TEST_ALLOW_BAD_WIFI_UNTIL:
+                    final long timeMs = ((Long) msg.obj).longValue();
+                    mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(timeMs);
+                    break;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
rename to tests/common/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
index 06e9405..294ed10 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
@@ -36,9 +36,11 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.PersistableBundle;
 
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 
 @RunWith(JUnit4.class)
+@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.S, codeName = "S")
 public class ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest {
     private static final int NET_ID = 1;
     private static final int DETECTION_METHOD = 2;
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/InvalidPacketExceptionTest.kt b/tests/common/java/android/net/InvalidPacketExceptionTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..320ac27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/InvalidPacketExceptionTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net
+
+import android.os.Build
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.S, codeName = "S")
+class InvalidPacketExceptionTest {
+    @Test
+    fun testConstructor() {
+        assertEquals(123, InvalidPacketException(123).error)
+        assertEquals(0, InvalidPacketException(0).error)
+        assertEquals(-123, InvalidPacketException(-123).error)
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index c2613c8..06a4004 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_REQUEST;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_BLUETOOTH;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_ETHERNET;
@@ -74,12 +76,14 @@
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.callWithShellPermissionIdentity;
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommand;
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity;
+import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastS;
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN;
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
 import static com.android.testutils.TestNetworkTrackerKt.initTestNetwork;
 import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
@@ -206,6 +210,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
@@ -849,6 +854,119 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void runIdenticalPendingIntentsRequestTest(boolean useListen) throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI));
+
+        // Disconnect before registering callbacks, reconnect later to fire them
+        mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiDisconnected(null);
+
+        final NetworkRequest firstRequest = makeWifiNetworkRequest();
+        final NetworkRequest secondRequest = new NetworkRequest(firstRequest);
+        // Will match wifi or test, since transports are ORed; but there should only be wifi
+        secondRequest.networkCapabilities.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST);
+
+        PendingIntent firstIntent = null;
+        PendingIntent secondIntent = null;
+        BroadcastReceiver receiver = null;
+
+        // Avoid receiving broadcasts from other runs by appending a timestamp
+        final String broadcastAction = NETWORK_CALLBACK_ACTION + System.currentTimeMillis();
+        try {
+            // TODO: replace with PendingIntent.FLAG_MUTABLE when this code compiles against S+
+            // Intent is mutable to receive EXTRA_NETWORK_REQUEST from ConnectivityService
+            final int pendingIntentFlagMutable = 1 << 25;
+            final String extraBoolKey = "extra_bool";
+            firstIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext,
+                    0 /* requestCode */,
+                    new Intent(broadcastAction).putExtra(extraBoolKey, false),
+                    PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT | pendingIntentFlagMutable);
+
+            if (useListen) {
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(firstRequest, firstIntent);
+            } else {
+                mCm.requestNetwork(firstRequest, firstIntent);
+            }
+
+            // Second intent equals the first as per filterEquals (extras don't count), so first
+            // intent will be updated with the new extras
+            secondIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext,
+                    0 /* requestCode */,
+                    new Intent(broadcastAction).putExtra(extraBoolKey, true),
+                    PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT | pendingIntentFlagMutable);
+
+            // Because secondIntent.intentFilterEquals the first, the request should be replaced
+            if (useListen) {
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(secondRequest, secondIntent);
+            } else {
+                mCm.requestNetwork(secondRequest, secondIntent);
+            }
+
+            final IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
+            filter.addAction(broadcastAction);
+
+            final CompletableFuture<Network> networkFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
+            final AtomicInteger receivedCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
+            receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                @Override
+                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                    final NetworkRequest request = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_NETWORK_REQUEST);
+                    assertPendingIntentRequestMatches(request, secondRequest, useListen);
+                    receivedCount.incrementAndGet();
+                    networkFuture.complete(intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_NETWORK));
+                }
+            };
+            mContext.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
+
+            final Network wifiNetwork = mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            try {
+                assertEquals(wifiNetwork, networkFuture.get(
+                        NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+                throw new AssertionError("PendingIntent not received for " + secondRequest, e);
+            }
+
+            // Sleep for a small amount of time to try to check that only one callback is ever
+            // received (so the first callback was really unregistered). This does not guarantee
+            // that the test will fail if it runs very slowly, but it should at least be very
+            // noticeably flaky.
+            Thread.sleep(NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+            // TODO: BUG (b/189868426): this should also apply to listens
+            if (!useListen) {
+                assertEquals("PendingIntent should only be received once", 1, receivedCount.get());
+            }
+        } finally {
+            if (firstIntent != null) mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(firstIntent);
+            if (secondIntent != null) mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(secondIntent);
+            if (receiver != null) mContext.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
+            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void assertPendingIntentRequestMatches(NetworkRequest broadcasted, NetworkRequest filed,
+            boolean useListen) {
+        // TODO: BUG (b/191713869): on S the request extra is null on listens
+        if (isAtLeastS() && useListen && broadcasted == null) return;
+        assertArrayEquals(filed.networkCapabilities.getCapabilities(),
+                broadcasted.networkCapabilities.getCapabilities());
+        // TODO: BUG (b/189868426): this should also apply to listens
+        if (useListen) return;
+        assertArrayEquals(filed.networkCapabilities.getTransportTypes(),
+                broadcasted.networkCapabilities.getTransportTypes());
+    }
+
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Cannot get WifiManager in instant app mode")
+    @Test
+    public void testRegisterNetworkRequest_identicalPendingIntents() throws Exception {
+        runIdenticalPendingIntentsRequestTest(false /* useListen */);
+    }
+
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Cannot get WifiManager in instant app mode")
+    @Test
+    public void testRegisterNetworkCallback_identicalPendingIntents() throws Exception {
+        runIdenticalPendingIntentsRequestTest(true /* useListen */);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Exercises the requestNetwork with NetworkCallback API. This checks to
      * see if we get a callback for an INTERNET request.
@@ -2399,8 +2517,7 @@
         } finally {
             resetValidationConfig();
             // Reconnect wifi to reset the wifi status
-            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiDisconnected(null /* wifiNetworkToCheck */);
-            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            reconnectWifi();
         }
     }
 
@@ -2475,6 +2592,88 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG permission can't be granted to instant apps")
+    @Test
+    public void testSetAvoidUnvalidated() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestSApis());
+        // TODO: Allow in debuggable ROM only. To be replaced by FabricatedOverlay
+        assumeTrue(Build.isDebuggable());
+        final boolean canRunTest = mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI)
+                && mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_TELEPHONY);
+        assumeTrue("testSetAvoidUnvalidated cannot execute"
+                + " unless device supports WiFi and telephony", canRunTest);
+
+        final TestableNetworkCallback wifiCb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+        final TestableNetworkCallback defaultCb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+        final int previousAvoidBadWifi =
+                ConnectivitySettingsManager.getNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext);
+
+        allowBadWifi();
+
+        final Network cellNetwork = mCtsNetUtils.connectToCell();
+        final Network wifiNetwork = prepareValidatedNetwork();
+
+        mCm.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(defaultCb);
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(makeWifiNetworkRequest(), wifiCb);
+
+        try {
+            // Verify wifi is the default network.
+            defaultCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE, NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    entry -> wifiNetwork.equals(entry.getNetwork()));
+            wifiCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE, NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    entry -> wifiNetwork.equals(entry.getNetwork()));
+            assertTrue(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(wifiNetwork).hasCapability(
+                    NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
+
+            // Configure response code for unvalidated network
+            configTestServer(Status.INTERNAL_ERROR, Status.INTERNAL_ERROR);
+            mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
+            // Default network should stay on unvalidated wifi because avoid bad wifi is disabled.
+            defaultCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    entry -> !((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) entry).getCaps()
+                            .hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
+            wifiCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    entry -> !((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) entry).getCaps()
+                            .hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
+
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+                mCm.setAvoidUnvalidated(wifiNetwork);
+            });
+            // Default network should be updated to validated cellular network.
+            defaultCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE, NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    entry -> cellNetwork.equals(entry.getNetwork()));
+            // No update on wifi callback.
+            wifiCb.assertNoCallback();
+        } finally {
+            mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb);
+            mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(defaultCb);
+            resetAvoidBadWifi(previousAvoidBadWifi);
+            resetValidationConfig();
+            // Reconnect wifi to reset the wifi status
+            reconnectWifi();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void resetAvoidBadWifi(int settingValue) {
+        setTestAllowBadWifiResource(0 /* timeMs */);
+        ConnectivitySettingsManager.setNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext, settingValue);
+    }
+
+    private void allowBadWifi() {
+        setTestAllowBadWifiResource(
+                System.currentTimeMillis() + WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS /* timeMs */);
+        ConnectivitySettingsManager.setNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext,
+                ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI_IGNORE);
+    }
+
+    private void setTestAllowBadWifiResource(long timeMs) {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mCm.setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(timeMs);
+        });
+    }
+
     private Network expectNetworkHasCapability(Network network, int expectedNetCap, long timeout)
             throws Exception {
         final CompletableFuture<Network> future = new CompletableFuture();
@@ -2514,6 +2713,21 @@
         mHttpServer.start();
     }
 
+    private Network reconnectWifi() {
+        mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiDisconnected(null /* wifiNetworkToCheck */);
+        return mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+    }
+
+    private Network prepareValidatedNetwork() throws Exception {
+        prepareHttpServer();
+        configTestServer(Status.NO_CONTENT, Status.NO_CONTENT);
+        // Disconnect wifi first then start wifi network with configuration.
+        final Network wifiNetwork = reconnectWifi();
+
+        return expectNetworkHasCapability(wifiNetwork, NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED,
+                WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
+    }
+
     private Network preparePartialConnectivity() throws Exception {
         prepareHttpServer();
         // Configure response code for partial connectivity
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
index c505cef..ccc9416 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
 import android.net.NattKeepalivePacketData
 import android.net.Network
 import android.net.NetworkAgent
+import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig
 import android.net.NetworkAgent.INVALID_NETWORK
 import android.net.NetworkAgent.VALID_NETWORK
-import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED
@@ -46,9 +46,17 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN
 import android.net.NetworkInfo
 import android.net.NetworkProvider
+import android.net.NetworkReleasedException
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
 import android.net.NetworkScore
 import android.net.RouteInfo
+import android.net.QosCallback
+import android.net.QosCallbackException
+import android.net.QosCallback.QosCallbackRegistrationException
+import android.net.QosFilter
+import android.net.QosSession
+import android.net.QosSessionAttributes
+import android.net.QosSocketInfo
 import android.net.SocketKeepalive
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.net.VpnManager
@@ -59,12 +67,17 @@
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkCreated
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkDestroyed
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkUnwanted
+import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnRegisterQosCallback
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnRemoveKeepalivePacketFilter
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnSaveAcceptUnvalidated
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnSignalStrengthThresholdsUpdated
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnStartSocketKeepalive
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnStopSocketKeepalive
+import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnUnregisterQosCallback
 import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnValidationStatus
+import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableQosCallback.CallbackEntry.OnError
+import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableQosCallback.CallbackEntry.OnQosSessionAvailable
+import android.net.cts.NetworkAgentTest.TestableQosCallback.CallbackEntry.OnQosSessionLost
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Handler
 import android.os.HandlerThread
@@ -72,6 +85,7 @@
 import android.os.Message
 import android.os.SystemClock
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
+import android.telephony.data.EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes
 import android.util.DebugUtils.valueToString
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity
@@ -97,9 +111,13 @@
 import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
 import org.mockito.Mockito.timeout
 import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+import java.net.InetAddress
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import java.net.Socket
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.util.Arrays
 import java.util.UUID
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
 import kotlin.test.assertFalse
@@ -143,7 +161,7 @@
     private val LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.1")
     private val REMOTE_IPV4_ADDRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.2")
 
-    private val mCM = realContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)
+    private val mCM = realContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)!!
     private val mHandlerThread = HandlerThread("${javaClass.simpleName} handler thread")
     private val mFakeConnectivityService = FakeConnectivityService()
 
@@ -152,6 +170,7 @@
 
     private val agentsToCleanUp = mutableListOf<NetworkAgent>()
     private val callbacksToCleanUp = mutableListOf<TestableNetworkCallback>()
+    private var qosTestSocket: Socket? = null
 
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
@@ -163,6 +182,7 @@
     fun tearDown() {
         agentsToCleanUp.forEach { it.unregister() }
         callbacksToCleanUp.forEach { mCM.unregisterNetworkCallback(it) }
+        qosTestSocket?.close()
         mHandlerThread.quitSafely()
         instrumentation.getUiAutomation().dropShellPermissionIdentity()
     }
@@ -228,6 +248,11 @@
             data class OnSignalStrengthThresholdsUpdated(val thresholds: IntArray) : CallbackEntry()
             object OnNetworkCreated : CallbackEntry()
             object OnNetworkDestroyed : CallbackEntry()
+            data class OnRegisterQosCallback(
+                val callbackId: Int,
+                val filter: QosFilter
+            ) : CallbackEntry()
+            data class OnUnregisterQosCallback(val callbackId: Int) : CallbackEntry()
         }
 
         override fun onBandwidthUpdateRequested() {
@@ -276,6 +301,14 @@
             }
         }
 
+        override fun onQosCallbackRegistered(qosCallbackId: Int, filter: QosFilter) {
+            history.add(OnRegisterQosCallback(qosCallbackId, filter))
+        }
+
+        override fun onQosCallbackUnregistered(qosCallbackId: Int) {
+            history.add(OnUnregisterQosCallback(qosCallbackId))
+        }
+
         override fun onValidationStatus(status: Int, uri: Uri?) {
             history.add(OnValidationStatus(status, uri))
         }
@@ -307,6 +340,12 @@
             return foundCallback
         }
 
+        inline fun <reified T : CallbackEntry> expectCallback(valid: (T) -> Boolean) {
+            val foundCallback = history.poll(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+            assertTrue(foundCallback is T, "Expected ${T::class} but found $foundCallback")
+            assertTrue(valid(foundCallback), "Unexpected callback : $foundCallback")
+        }
+
         inline fun <reified T : CallbackEntry> eventuallyExpect() =
                 history.poll(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS) { it is T }.also {
                     assertNotNull(it, "Callback ${T::class} not received")
@@ -390,7 +429,7 @@
         initialConfig: NetworkAgentConfig? = null,
         expectedInitSignalStrengthThresholds: IntArray? = intArrayOf()
     ): Pair<TestableNetworkAgent, TestableNetworkCallback> {
-        val callback = TestableNetworkCallback(timeoutMs = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+        val callback = TestableNetworkCallback()
         // Ensure this NetworkAgent is never unneeded by filing a request with its specifier.
         requestNetwork(makeTestNetworkRequest(specifier = specifier), callback)
         val agent = createNetworkAgent(context, specifier, initialConfig = initialConfig)
@@ -651,7 +690,7 @@
         assertFalse(vpnNc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VPN))
         assertTrue(hasAllTransports(vpnNc, defaultNetworkTransports),
                 "VPN transports ${Arrays.toString(vpnNc.transportTypes)}" +
-                " lacking transports from ${Arrays.toString(defaultNetworkTransports)}")
+                        " lacking transports from ${Arrays.toString(defaultNetworkTransports)}")
 
         // Check that when no underlying networks are announced the underlying transport disappears.
         agent.setUnderlyingNetworks(listOf<Network>())
@@ -934,4 +973,251 @@
 
         // tearDown() will unregister the requests and agents
     }
+
+    private class TestableQosCallback : QosCallback() {
+        val history = ArrayTrackRecord<CallbackEntry>().newReadHead()
+
+        sealed class CallbackEntry {
+            data class OnQosSessionAvailable(val sess: QosSession, val attr: QosSessionAttributes)
+                : CallbackEntry()
+            data class OnQosSessionLost(val sess: QosSession)
+                : CallbackEntry()
+            data class OnError(val ex: QosCallbackException)
+                : CallbackEntry()
+        }
+
+        override fun onQosSessionAvailable(sess: QosSession, attr: QosSessionAttributes) {
+            history.add(OnQosSessionAvailable(sess, attr))
+        }
+
+        override fun onQosSessionLost(sess: QosSession) {
+            history.add(OnQosSessionLost(sess))
+        }
+
+        override fun onError(ex: QosCallbackException) {
+            history.add(OnError(ex))
+        }
+
+        inline fun <reified T : CallbackEntry> expectCallback(): T {
+            val foundCallback = history.poll(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+            assertTrue(foundCallback is T, "Expected ${T::class} but found $foundCallback")
+            return foundCallback
+        }
+
+        inline fun <reified T : CallbackEntry> expectCallback(valid: (T) -> Boolean) {
+            val foundCallback = history.poll(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+            assertTrue(foundCallback is T, "Expected ${T::class} but found $foundCallback")
+            assertTrue(valid(foundCallback), "Unexpected callback : $foundCallback")
+        }
+
+        fun assertNoCallback() {
+            assertNull(history.poll(NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT),
+                    "Callback received")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun setupForQosCallbackTesting(): Pair<TestableNetworkAgent, Socket> {
+        val request = NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .clearCapabilities()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
+                .build()
+
+        val callback = TestableNetworkCallback(timeoutMs = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+        requestNetwork(request, callback)
+        val (agent, _) = createConnectedNetworkAgent()
+
+        qosTestSocket = assertNotNull(agent.network?.socketFactory?.createSocket()).also {
+            it.bind(InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0))
+        }
+        return Pair(agent, qosTestSocket!!)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackRegisterWithUnregister() {
+        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+
+        val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
+        var callbackId = -1
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
+            try {
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
+                callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+
+                assertFailsWith<QosCallbackRegistrationException>(
+                        "The same callback cannot be " +
+                        "registered more than once without first being unregistered") {
+                    mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
+                }
+            } finally {
+                socket.close()
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
+                agent.expectCallback<OnUnregisterQosCallback> { it.callbackId == callbackId }
+                executor.shutdown()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackOnQosSession() {
+        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
+            try {
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
+                val callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+
+                val uniqueSessionId = 4294967397
+                val sessId = 101
+
+                val attributes = createEpsAttributes(5)
+                assertEquals(attributes.qosIdentifier, 5)
+                agent.sendQosSessionAvailable(callbackId, sessId, attributes)
+                qosCallback.expectCallback<OnQosSessionAvailable> {
+                            it.sess.sessionId == sessId && it.sess.uniqueId == uniqueSessionId &&
+                                it.sess.sessionType == QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER
+                        }
+
+                agent.sendQosSessionLost(callbackId, sessId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER)
+                qosCallback.expectCallback<OnQosSessionLost> {
+                            it.sess.sessionId == sessId && it.sess.uniqueId == uniqueSessionId &&
+                                it.sess.sessionType == QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER
+                        }
+
+                // Make sure that we don't get more qos callbacks
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
+                agent.expectCallback<OnUnregisterQosCallback>()
+
+                agent.sendQosSessionLost(callbackId, sessId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER)
+                qosCallback.assertNoCallback()
+            } finally {
+                socket.close()
+
+                // safety precaution
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
+
+                executor.shutdown()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackOnError() {
+        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
+            try {
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
+                val callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+
+                val sessId = 101
+                val attributes = createEpsAttributes()
+
+                // Double check that this is wired up and ready to go
+                agent.sendQosSessionAvailable(callbackId, sessId, attributes)
+                qosCallback.expectCallback<OnQosSessionAvailable>()
+
+                // Check that onError is coming through correctly
+                agent.sendQosCallbackError(callbackId,
+                        QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_NOT_SUPPORTED)
+                qosCallback.expectCallback<OnError> {
+                    it.ex.cause is UnsupportedOperationException
+                }
+
+                // Ensure that when an error occurs the callback was also unregistered
+                agent.sendQosSessionLost(callbackId, sessId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER)
+                qosCallback.assertNoCallback()
+            } finally {
+                socket.close()
+
+                // Make sure that the callback is fully unregistered
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
+
+                executor.shutdown()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackIdsAreMappedCorrectly() {
+        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val qosCallback1 = TestableQosCallback()
+        val qosCallback2 = TestableQosCallback()
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
+            try {
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback1)
+                val callbackId1 = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+
+                mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback2)
+                val callbackId2 = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+
+                val sessId1 = 101
+                val attributes1 = createEpsAttributes(1)
+
+                // Check #1
+                agent.sendQosSessionAvailable(callbackId1, sessId1, attributes1)
+                qosCallback1.expectCallback<OnQosSessionAvailable>()
+                qosCallback2.assertNoCallback()
+
+                // Check #2
+                val sessId2 = 102
+                val attributes2 = createEpsAttributes(2)
+                agent.sendQosSessionAvailable(callbackId2, sessId2, attributes2)
+                qosCallback1.assertNoCallback()
+                qosCallback2.expectCallback<OnQosSessionAvailable> { sessId2 == it.sess.sessionId }
+            } finally {
+                socket.close()
+
+                // Make sure that the callback is fully unregistered
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback1)
+                mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback2)
+
+                executor.shutdown()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackWhenNetworkReleased() {
+        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
+            try {
+                val qosCallback1 = TestableQosCallback()
+                val qosCallback2 = TestableQosCallback()
+                try {
+                    val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                    mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback1)
+                    mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback2)
+                    agent.unregister()
+
+                    qosCallback1.expectCallback<OnError> {
+                        it.ex.cause is NetworkReleasedException
+                    }
+
+                    qosCallback2.expectCallback<OnError> {
+                        it.ex.cause is NetworkReleasedException
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    socket.close()
+                    mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback1)
+                    mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback2)
+                }
+            } finally {
+                socket.close()
+                executor.shutdown()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun createEpsAttributes(qci: Int = 1): EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes {
+        val remoteAddresses = ArrayList<InetSocketAddress>()
+        remoteAddresses.add(InetSocketAddress("2001:db8::123", 80))
+        return EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes(
+                qci, 2, 3, 4, 5,
+                remoteAddresses
+        )
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/Android.bp b/tests/unit/Android.bp
index beae0cf..ba54273 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
         "java/**/*.kt",
     ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    certificate: "platform",
     jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules.txt",
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.test.rules",
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index be7239d..f6ea964 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -18,10 +18,15 @@
 
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.CREATE_USERS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.DUMP;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.GET_INTENT_SENDER_INTENT;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.LOCAL_MAC_ADDRESS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD;
 import static android.app.PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED;
@@ -134,6 +139,7 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertRunsInAtMost;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertSameElements;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -259,6 +265,7 @@
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.os.BadParcelableException;
+import android.os.BatteryStatsManager;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
@@ -297,6 +304,7 @@
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
 import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
@@ -305,6 +313,7 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.ConnectivityDiagnosticsCallbackInfo;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.NetworkRequestInfo;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
@@ -488,6 +497,11 @@
     @Mock Resources mResources;
     @Mock ProxyTracker mProxyTracker;
 
+    // BatteryStatsManager is final and cannot be mocked with regular mockito, so just mock the
+    // underlying binder calls.
+    final BatteryStatsManager mBatteryStatsManager =
+            new BatteryStatsManager(mock(IBatteryStats.class));
+
     private ArgumentCaptor<ResolverParamsParcel> mResolverParamsParcelCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ResolverParamsParcel.class);
 
@@ -579,6 +593,7 @@
             if (Context.NETWORK_POLICY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNetworkPolicyManager;
             if (Context.SYSTEM_CONFIG_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mSystemConfigManager;
             if (Context.NETWORK_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mStatsManager;
+            if (Context.BATTERY_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mBatteryStatsManager;
             return super.getSystemService(name);
         }
 
@@ -659,6 +674,15 @@
         public void setPermission(String permission, Integer granted) {
             mMockedPermissions.put(permission, granted);
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public Intent registerReceiverForAllUsers(@Nullable BroadcastReceiver receiver,
+                @NonNull IntentFilter filter, @Nullable String broadcastPermission,
+                @Nullable Handler scheduler) {
+            // TODO: ensure MultinetworkPolicyTracker's BroadcastReceiver is tested; just returning
+            // null should not pass the test
+            return null;
+        }
     }
 
     private void waitForIdle() {
@@ -1208,7 +1232,24 @@
                             return mDeviceIdleInternal;
                         }
                     },
-                    mNetworkManagementService, mMockNetd, userId, mVpnProfileStore);
+                    mNetworkManagementService, mMockNetd, userId, mVpnProfileStore,
+                    new SystemServices(mServiceContext) {
+                        @Override
+                        public String settingsSecureGetStringForUser(String key, int userId) {
+                            switch (key) {
+                                // Settings keys not marked as @Readable are not readable from
+                                // non-privileged apps, unless marked as testOnly=true
+                                // (atest refuses to install testOnly=true apps), even if mocked
+                                // in the content provider, because
+                                // Settings.Secure.NameValueCache#getStringForUser checks the key
+                                // before querying the mock settings provider.
+                                case Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_APP:
+                                    return null;
+                                default:
+                                    return super.settingsSecureGetStringForUser(key, userId);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }, new Ikev2SessionCreator());
         }
 
         public void setUids(Set<UidRange> uids) {
@@ -1455,8 +1496,7 @@
         return mService.getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(mna.getNetwork()).clatd;
     }
 
-    private static class WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker extends MultinetworkPolicyTracker {
-        volatile boolean mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi;
+    private class WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker extends MultinetworkPolicyTracker {
         volatile int mConfigMeteredMultipathPreference;
 
         WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context c, Handler h, Runnable r) {
@@ -1464,8 +1504,8 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public boolean configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() {
-            return mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi;
+        protected Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId() {
+            return mResources;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1592,6 +1632,11 @@
         mServiceContext = new MockContext(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext(),
                 new FakeSettingsProvider());
         mServiceContext.setUseRegisteredHandlers(true);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_FACTORY, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mAlarmManagerThread = new HandlerThread("TestAlarmManager");
         mAlarmManagerThread.start();
@@ -1651,6 +1696,13 @@
             return mPolicyTracker;
         }).when(deps).makeMultinetworkPolicyTracker(any(), any(), any());
         doReturn(true).when(deps).getCellular464XlatEnabled();
+        doAnswer(inv ->
+            new LocationPermissionChecker(inv.getArgument(0)) {
+                @Override
+                protected int getCurrentUser() {
+                    return runAsShell(CREATE_USERS, () -> super.getCurrentUser());
+                }
+            }).when(deps).makeLocationPermissionChecker(any());
 
         doReturn(60000).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkTransitionTimeout);
         doReturn("").when(mResources).getString(R.string.config_networkCaptivePortalServerUrl);
@@ -1670,7 +1722,9 @@
                 .getIdentifier(eq("config_networkSupportedKeepaliveCount"), eq("array"), any());
         doReturn(R.array.network_switch_type_name).when(mResources)
                 .getIdentifier(eq("network_switch_type_name"), eq("array"), any());
-
+        doReturn(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi).when(mResources)
+                .getIdentifier(eq("config_networkAvoidBadWifi"), eq("integer"), any());
+        doReturn(1).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
 
         final ConnectivityResources connRes = mock(ConnectivityResources.class);
         doReturn(mResources).when(connRes).get();
@@ -1680,6 +1734,12 @@
         doReturn(mResources).when(mockResContext).getResources();
         ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(mockResContext);
 
+        doAnswer(inv -> {
+            final PendingIntent a = inv.getArgument(0);
+            final PendingIntent b = inv.getArgument(1);
+            return runAsShell(GET_INTENT_SENDER_INTENT, () -> a.intentFilterEquals(b));
+        }).when(deps).intentFilterEquals(any(), any());
+
         return deps;
     }
 
@@ -4704,30 +4764,29 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testAvoidBadWifiSetting() throws Exception {
+    public void testSetAllowBadWifiUntil() throws Exception {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+                () -> mService.setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(System.currentTimeMillis() + 5_000L));
+        waitForIdle();
+        testAvoidBadWifiConfig_controlledBySettings();
+
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+                () -> mService.setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(System.currentTimeMillis() - 5_000L));
+        waitForIdle();
+        testAvoidBadWifiConfig_ignoreSettings();
+    }
+
+    private void testAvoidBadWifiConfig_controlledBySettings() {
         final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
         final String settingName = ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI;
 
-        mPolicyTracker.mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi = false;
-        String[] values = new String[] {null, "0", "1"};
-        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
-            Settings.Global.putInt(cr, settingName, 1);
-            mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
-            waitForIdle();
-            String msg = String.format("config=false, setting=%s", values[i]);
-            assertTrue(mService.avoidBadWifi());
-            assertFalse(msg, mPolicyTracker.shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated());
-        }
-
-        mPolicyTracker.mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi = true;
-
-        Settings.Global.putInt(cr, settingName, 0);
+        Settings.Global.putString(cr, settingName, "0");
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         waitForIdle();
         assertFalse(mService.avoidBadWifi());
         assertFalse(mPolicyTracker.shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated());
 
-        Settings.Global.putInt(cr, settingName, 1);
+        Settings.Global.putString(cr, settingName, "1");
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         waitForIdle();
         assertTrue(mService.avoidBadWifi());
@@ -4740,13 +4799,40 @@
         assertTrue(mPolicyTracker.shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated());
     }
 
+    private void testAvoidBadWifiConfig_ignoreSettings() {
+        final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
+        final String settingName = ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI;
+
+        String[] values = new String[] {null, "0", "1"};
+        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
+            Settings.Global.putString(cr, settingName, values[i]);
+            mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
+            waitForIdle();
+            String msg = String.format("config=false, setting=%s", values[i]);
+            assertTrue(mService.avoidBadWifi());
+            assertFalse(msg, mPolicyTracker.shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAvoidBadWifiSetting() throws Exception {
+        final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
+        final String settingName = ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI;
+
+        doReturn(1).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
+        testAvoidBadWifiConfig_ignoreSettings();
+
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
+        testAvoidBadWifiConfig_controlledBySettings();
+    }
+
     @Ignore("Refactoring in progress b/178071397")
     @Test
     public void testAvoidBadWifi() throws Exception {
         final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
 
         // Pretend we're on a carrier that restricts switching away from bad wifi.
-        mPolicyTracker.mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi = true;
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
 
         // File a request for cell to ensure it doesn't go down.
         final TestNetworkCallback cellNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -4797,13 +4883,13 @@
 
         // Simulate switching to a carrier that does not restrict avoiding bad wifi, and expect
         // that we switch back to cell.
-        mPolicyTracker.mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi = false;
+        doReturn(1).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), cellNetwork);
 
         // Switch back to a restrictive carrier.
-        mPolicyTracker.mConfigRestrictsAvoidBadWifi = true;
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), wifiNetwork);
@@ -9357,8 +9443,7 @@
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
                 PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_SETTINGS, PERMISSION_DENIED);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
                 PERMISSION_DENIED);
     }
@@ -9799,7 +9884,7 @@
         setupConnectionOwnerUid(vpnOwnerUid, vpnType);
 
         // Test as VPN app
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
     }
@@ -9839,8 +9924,7 @@
     public void testGetConnectionOwnerUidVpnServiceNetworkStackDoesNotThrow() throws Exception {
         final int myUid = Process.myUid();
         setupConnectionOwnerUid(myUid, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_SERVICE);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         assertEquals(42, mService.getConnectionOwnerUid(getTestConnectionInfo()));
     }
@@ -10008,8 +10092,7 @@
     public void testCheckConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissionsNetworkStack() throws Exception {
         final NetworkAgentInfo naiWithoutUid = fakeMobileNai(new NetworkCapabilities());
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
         assertTrue(
                 "NetworkStack permission not applied",
                 mService.checkConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissions(
@@ -10025,7 +10108,7 @@
         nc.setAdministratorUids(new int[] {wrongUid});
         final NetworkAgentInfo naiWithUid = fakeWifiNai(nc);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertFalse(
                 "Mismatched uid/package name should not pass the location permission check",
@@ -10035,7 +10118,7 @@
 
     private void verifyConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissionsWithNetworkAgentInfo(
             NetworkAgentInfo info, boolean expectPermission) {
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertEquals(
                 "Unexpected ConnDiags permission",
@@ -10103,7 +10186,7 @@
 
         setupLocationPermissions(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q, true, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION,
                 Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertTrue(
                 "NetworkCapabilities administrator uid permission not applied",
@@ -10120,7 +10203,7 @@
 
         setupLocationPermissions(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q, true, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION,
                 Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         // Use wrong pid and uid
         assertFalse(
@@ -10146,8 +10229,7 @@
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         when(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback.asBinder()).thenReturn(mIBinder);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mService.registerConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(
                 mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback, request, mContext.getPackageName());
@@ -10166,8 +10248,7 @@
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         when(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback.asBinder()).thenReturn(mIBinder);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mService.registerConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(
                 mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback, request, mContext.getPackageName());
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index c32c1d2..3566aef 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -16,12 +16,17 @@
 
 package com.android.server.net;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.EXTRA_UID;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE;
+import static android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
@@ -200,6 +206,26 @@
             if (Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mTelephonyManager;
             return mBaseContext.getSystemService(name);
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public void enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission, @Nullable String message) {
+            if (checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) != PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                throw new SecurityException("Test does not have mocked permission " + permission);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int checkCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission) {
+            switch (permission) {
+                case PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK:
+                case READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY:
+                case UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS:
+                    return PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+                default:
+                    return PERMISSION_DENIED;
+            }
+
+        }
     }
 
     private final Clock mClock = new SimpleClock(ZoneOffset.UTC) {