Merge "[REIP01]Remove the IP connectivty metrics"
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index 6273f4b..66e7da4 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -2245,31 +2245,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /* TODO: These permissions checks don't belong in client-side code. Move them to
-     * services.jar, possibly in com.android.server.net. */
-
-    /** {@hide} */
-    public static final void enforceChangePermission(Context context,
-            String callingPkg, String callingAttributionTag) {
-        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
-        checkAndNoteChangeNetworkStateOperation(context, uid, callingPkg,
-                callingAttributionTag, true /* throwException */);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the package is a allowed to change the network state. This also accounts that such
-     * an access happened.
-     *
-     * @return {@code true} iff the package is allowed to change the network state.
-     */
-    // TODO: Remove method and replace with direct call once R code is pushed to AOSP
-    private static boolean checkAndNoteChangeNetworkStateOperation(@NonNull Context context,
-            int uid, @NonNull String callingPackage, @Nullable String callingAttributionTag,
-            boolean throwException) {
-        return Settings.checkAndNoteChangeNetworkStateOperation(context, uid, callingPackage,
-                throwException);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Check if the package is a allowed to write settings. This also accounts that such an access
      * happened.
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/IOnSetOemNetworkPreferenceListener.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/IOnSetOemNetworkPreferenceListener.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7979afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/IOnSetOemNetworkPreferenceListener.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/**
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/** @hide */
+oneway interface IOnSetOemNetworkPreferenceListener {
+    void onComplete();
+}
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/UidRange.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/UidRange.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f70fc8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/UidRange.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * An inclusive range of UIDs.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable UidRange;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java b/framework/src/android/net/UidRange.java
similarity index 89%
rename from core/java/android/net/UidRange.java
rename to framework/src/android/net/UidRange.java
index be5964d..26518d3 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/UidRange.java
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import static android.os.UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE;
-
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
@@ -60,6 +58,7 @@
         return UserHandle.getUserHandleForUid(stop).getIdentifier();
     }
 
+    /** Returns whether the UidRange contains the specified UID. */
     public boolean contains(int uid) {
         return start <= uid && uid <= stop;
     }
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return {@code true} if this range contains every UID contained by the {@param other} range.
+     * @return {@code true} if this range contains every UID contained by the {@code other} range.
      */
     public boolean containsRange(UidRange other) {
         return start <= other.start && other.stop <= stop;
@@ -118,18 +117,18 @@
     }
 
     public static final @android.annotation.NonNull Creator<UidRange> CREATOR =
-        new Creator<UidRange>() {
-            @Override
-            public UidRange createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
-                int start = in.readInt();
-                int stop = in.readInt();
+            new Creator<UidRange>() {
+        @Override
+        public UidRange createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            int start = in.readInt();
+            int stop = in.readInt();
 
-                return new UidRange(start, stop);
-            }
-            @Override
-            public UidRange[] newArray(int size) {
-                return new UidRange[size];
-            }
+            return new UidRange(start, stop);
+        }
+        @Override
+        public UidRange[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new UidRange[size];
+        }
     };
 
     /**
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index cb0bf6f..d1cd3be 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStack;
 import android.net.NetworkStackClient;
 import android.net.NetworkState;
+import android.net.NetworkStateSnapshot;
 import android.net.NetworkTestResultParcelable;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.net.NetworkWatchlistManager;
@@ -141,10 +142,13 @@
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.net.VpnManager;
 import android.net.VpnTransportInfo;
-import android.net.metrics.INetdEventListener;
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
 import android.net.metrics.NetworkEvent;
 import android.net.netlink.InetDiagMessage;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.DnsHealthEventParcel;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.Nat64PrefixEventParcel;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel;
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.net.util.NetdService;
@@ -2036,25 +2040,24 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    private class NetdEventCallback extends INetdEventListener.Stub {
+    class DnsResolverUnsolicitedEventCallback extends
+            IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.Stub {
         @Override
-        public void onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(int netId, String ipAddress,
-                String hostname, boolean validated) {
+        public void onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(final PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel event) {
             try {
                 mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
                         EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_VALIDATION_UPDATE,
-                        new PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(netId,
-                                InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(ipAddress),
-                                hostname, validated)));
+                        new PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(event.netId,
+                                InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(event.ipAddress),
+                                event.hostname, event.validation)));
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                 loge("Error parsing ip address in validation event");
             }
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onDnsEvent(int netId, int eventType, int returnCode, int latencyMs,
-                String hostname,  String[] ipAddresses, int ipAddressesCount, int uid) {
-            NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(netId);
+        public void onDnsHealthEvent(final DnsHealthEventParcel event) {
+            NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(event.netId);
             // Netd event only allow registrants from system. Each NetworkMonitor thread is under
             // the caller thread of registerNetworkAgent. Thus, it's not allowed to register netd
             // event callback for certain nai. e.g. cellular. Register here to pass to
@@ -2063,34 +2066,18 @@
             // callback from each caller type. Need to re-factor NetdEventListenerService to allow
             // multiple NetworkMonitor registrants.
             if (nai != null && nai.satisfies(mDefaultRequest.mRequests.get(0))) {
-                nai.networkMonitor().notifyDnsResponse(returnCode);
+                nai.networkMonitor().notifyDnsResponse(event.healthResult);
             }
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onNat64PrefixEvent(int netId, boolean added,
-                                       String prefixString, int prefixLength) {
-            mHandler.post(() -> handleNat64PrefixEvent(netId, added, prefixString, prefixLength));
+        public void onNat64PrefixEvent(final Nat64PrefixEventParcel event) {
+            mHandler.post(() -> handleNat64PrefixEvent(event.netId, event.prefixOperation,
+                    event.prefixAddress, event.prefixLength));
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onConnectEvent(int netId, int error, int latencyMs, String ipAddr, int port,
-                int uid) {
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onWakeupEvent(String prefix, int uid, int ethertype, int ipNextHeader,
-                byte[] dstHw, String srcIp, String dstIp, int srcPort, int dstPort,
-                long timestampNs) {
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onTcpSocketStatsEvent(int[] networkIds, int[] sentPackets, int[] lostPackets,
-                int[] rttsUs, int[] sentAckDiffsMs) {
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int getInterfaceVersion() throws RemoteException {
+        public int getInterfaceVersion() {
             return this.VERSION;
         }
 
@@ -2098,16 +2085,17 @@
         public String getInterfaceHash() {
             return this.HASH;
         }
-    };
+    }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected final INetdEventListener mNetdEventCallback = new NetdEventCallback();
+    protected final DnsResolverUnsolicitedEventCallback mResolverUnsolEventCallback =
+            new DnsResolverUnsolicitedEventCallback();
 
-    private void registerNetdEventCallback() {
+    private void registerDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener() {
         try {
-            mDnsResolver.registerEventListener(mNetdEventCallback);
+            mDnsResolver.registerUnsolicitedEventListener(mResolverUnsolEventCallback);
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            loge("Error registering DnsResolver callback: " + e);
+            loge("Error registering DnsResolver unsolicited event callback: " + e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2197,8 +2185,45 @@
                 "ConnectivityService");
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Performs a strict and comprehensive check of whether a calling package is allowed to
+     * change the state of network, as the condition differs for pre-M, M+, and
+     * privileged/preinstalled apps. The caller is expected to have either the
+     * CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE or the WRITE_SETTINGS permission declared. Either of these
+     * permissions allow changing network state; WRITE_SETTINGS is a runtime permission and
+     * can be revoked, but (except in M, excluding M MRs), CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE is a normal
+     * permission and cannot be revoked. See http://b/23597341
+     *
+     * Note: if the check succeeds because the application holds WRITE_SETTINGS, the operation
+     * of this app will be updated to the current time.
+     */
     private void enforceChangePermission(String callingPkg, String callingAttributionTag) {
-        ConnectivityManager.enforceChangePermission(mContext, callingPkg, callingAttributionTag);
+        if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE)
+                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (callingPkg == null) {
+            throw new SecurityException("Calling package name is null.");
+        }
+
+        final AppOpsManager appOpsMgr = mContext.getSystemService(AppOpsManager.class);
+        final int uid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
+        final int mode = appOpsMgr.noteOpNoThrow(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS, uid,
+                callingPkg, callingAttributionTag, null /* message */);
+
+        if (mode == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ((mode == AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT) && (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        throw new SecurityException(callingPkg + " was not granted either of these permissions:"
+                + android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE + ","
+                + android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS + ".");
     }
 
     private void enforceSettingsPermission() {
@@ -2401,7 +2426,7 @@
         // to ensure the tracking will be initialized correctly.
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
         mProxyTracker.loadGlobalProxy();
-        registerNetdEventCallback();
+        registerDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener();
 
         synchronized (this) {
             mSystemReady = true;
@@ -3329,21 +3354,21 @@
         handleUpdateLinkProperties(nai, new LinkProperties(nai.linkProperties));
     }
 
-    private void handleNat64PrefixEvent(int netId, boolean added, String prefixString,
+    private void handleNat64PrefixEvent(int netId, int operation, String prefixAddress,
             int prefixLength) {
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = mNetworkForNetId.get(netId);
         if (nai == null) return;
 
-        log(String.format("NAT64 prefix %s on netId %d: %s/%d",
-                          (added ? "added" : "removed"), netId, prefixString, prefixLength));
+        log(String.format("NAT64 prefix changed on netId %d: operation=%d, %s/%d",
+                netId, operation, prefixAddress, prefixLength));
 
         IpPrefix prefix = null;
-        if (added) {
+        if (operation == IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED) {
             try {
-                prefix = new IpPrefix(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(prefixString),
+                prefix = new IpPrefix(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(prefixAddress),
                         prefixLength);
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                loge("Invalid NAT64 prefix " + prefixString + "/" + prefixLength);
+                loge("Invalid NAT64 prefix " + prefixAddress + "/" + prefixLength);
                 return;
             }
         }
@@ -7916,8 +7941,16 @@
 
         final UnderlyingNetworkInfo[] underlyingNetworkInfos = getAllVpnInfo();
         try {
-            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces(getDefaultNetworks(), getAllNetworkState(), activeIface,
-                    underlyingNetworkInfos);
+            final ArrayList<NetworkStateSnapshot> snapshots = new ArrayList<>();
+            // TODO: Directly use NetworkStateSnapshot when feasible.
+            for (final NetworkState state : getAllNetworkState()) {
+                final NetworkStateSnapshot snapshot = new NetworkStateSnapshot(state.network,
+                        state.networkCapabilities, state.linkProperties, state.subscriberId,
+                        state.legacyNetworkType);
+                snapshots.add(snapshot);
+            }
+            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces(getDefaultNetworks(), snapshots.toArray(
+                    new NetworkStateSnapshot[0]), activeIface, underlyingNetworkInfos);
         } catch (Exception ignored) {
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
index 43d9ade..4f6b530 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE_FALLBACK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MAX_SAMPLES;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MIN_SAMPLES;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_SAMPLE_VALIDITY_SECONDS;
@@ -147,17 +149,18 @@
     }
 
     public static class PrivateDnsValidationUpdate {
-        final public int netId;
-        final public InetAddress ipAddress;
-        final public String hostname;
-        final public boolean validated;
+        public final int netId;
+        public final InetAddress ipAddress;
+        public final String hostname;
+        // Refer to IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_*.
+        public final int validationResult;
 
         public PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(int netId, InetAddress ipAddress,
-                String hostname, boolean validated) {
+                String hostname, int validationResult) {
             this.netId = netId;
             this.ipAddress = ipAddress;
             this.hostname = hostname;
-            this.validated = validated;
+            this.validationResult = validationResult;
         }
     }
 
@@ -216,10 +219,13 @@
             if (!mValidationMap.containsKey(p)) {
                 return;
             }
-            if (update.validated) {
+            if (update.validationResult == VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS) {
                 mValidationMap.put(p, ValidationStatus.SUCCEEDED);
-            } else {
+            } else if (update.validationResult == VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE) {
                 mValidationMap.put(p, ValidationStatus.FAILED);
+            } else {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Unknown private dns validation operation="
+                        + update.validationResult);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshotTest.kt b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshotTest.kt
index 56b56ef..0ca4d95 100644
--- a/tests/net/common/java/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshotTest.kt
+++ b/tests/net/common/java/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshotTest.kt
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@
 
     @Test
     fun testParcelUnparcel() {
-        val emptySnapshot = NetworkStateSnapshot(LinkProperties(), NetworkCapabilities(),
-                Network(TEST_NETID), null, TYPE_NONE)
+        val emptySnapshot = NetworkStateSnapshot(Network(TEST_NETID), NetworkCapabilities(),
+                LinkProperties(), null, TYPE_NONE)
         val snapshot = NetworkStateSnapshot(
-                TEST_LINK_PROPERTIES, TEST_CAPABILITIES, Network(TEST_NETID), TEST_IMSI, TYPE_WIFI)
+                Network(TEST_NETID), TEST_CAPABILITIES, TEST_LINK_PROPERTIES, TEST_IMSI, TYPE_WIFI)
         assertParcelSane(emptySnapshot, 5)
         assertParcelSane(snapshot, 5)
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
index 2e1c29a..3a8d600 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
             checkCryptKeyLenValidation(IpSecAlgorithm.CRYPT_AES_CTR, len);
         }
         checkAuthKeyAndTruncLenValidation(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_AES_XCBC, 128, 96);
+        checkAuthKeyAndTruncLenValidation(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_AES_CMAC, 128, 96);
         checkAuthKeyAndTruncLenValidation(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_CRYPT_CHACHA20_POLY1305, 288, 128);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
index 27224c2..64b774c 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
@@ -20,14 +20,13 @@
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkIdentity.SUBTYPE_COMBINED
-import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_NONE;
-import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID;
-import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE;
+import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_NONE
+import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID
+import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE
 import android.net.NetworkIdentity.buildNetworkIdentity
 import android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL
 import android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_ALL
 import android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_ALL
-import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_ETHERNET
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@
 import kotlin.test.assertFalse
 import kotlin.test.assertNotEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
-import kotlin.test.fail
 
 private const val TEST_IMSI1 = "imsi1"
 private const val TEST_IMSI2 = "imsi2"
@@ -60,17 +58,17 @@
 class NetworkTemplateTest {
     private val mockContext = mock(Context::class.java)
 
-    private fun buildMobileNetworkState(subscriberId: String): NetworkState =
+    private fun buildMobileNetworkState(subscriberId: String): NetworkStateSnapshot =
             buildNetworkState(TYPE_MOBILE, subscriberId = subscriberId)
-    private fun buildWifiNetworkState(ssid: String): NetworkState =
+    private fun buildWifiNetworkState(ssid: String): NetworkStateSnapshot =
             buildNetworkState(TYPE_WIFI, ssid = ssid)
 
     private fun buildNetworkState(
         type: Int,
         subscriberId: String? = null,
         ssid: String? = null,
-        oemManaged: Int = OEM_NONE,
-    ): NetworkState {
+        oemManaged: Int = OEM_NONE
+    ): NetworkStateSnapshot {
         val lp = LinkProperties()
         val caps = NetworkCapabilities().apply {
             setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, false)
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@
             setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE,
                     (oemManaged and OEM_PRIVATE) == OEM_PRIVATE)
         }
-        return NetworkState(type, lp, caps, mock(Network::class.java), subscriberId)
+        return NetworkStateSnapshot(mock(Network::class.java), caps, lp, subscriberId, type)
     }
 
     private fun NetworkTemplate.assertMatches(ident: NetworkIdentity) =
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@
                 OEM_PAID, OEM_PRIVATE, OEM_PAID or OEM_PRIVATE)
 
         // Verify that "not OEM managed network" constants are equal.
-        assertEquals(OEM_MANAGED_NO, OEM_NONE);
+        assertEquals(OEM_MANAGED_NO, OEM_NONE)
 
         // Verify the constants don't conflict.
         assertEquals(constantValues.size, constantValues.distinct().count())
@@ -201,8 +199,13 @@
      * @param identSsid If networkType is {@code TYPE_WIFI}, this value must *NOT* be null. Provide
      *         one of {@code TEST_SSID*}.
      */
-    private fun matchOemManagedIdent(networkType: Int, matchType:Int, subscriberId: String? = null,
-            templateSsid: String? = null, identSsid: String? = null) {
+    private fun matchOemManagedIdent(
+        networkType: Int,
+        matchType: Int,
+        subscriberId: String? = null,
+        templateSsid: String? = null,
+        identSsid: String? = null
+    ) {
         val oemManagedStates = arrayOf(OEM_NONE, OEM_PAID, OEM_PRIVATE, OEM_PAID or OEM_PRIVATE)
         // A null subscriberId needs a null matchSubscriberIds argument as well.
         val matchSubscriberIds = if (subscriberId == null) null else arrayOf(subscriberId)
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index e7ac3b6..c7e8282 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -90,6 +90,10 @@
 import static android.net.OemNetworkPreferences.OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_OEM_PRIVATE_ONLY;
 import static android.net.OemNetworkPreferences.OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_UNINITIALIZED;
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNREACHABLE;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.PREFIX_OPERATION_REMOVED;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
 
@@ -198,7 +202,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
 import android.net.NetworkStack;
 import android.net.NetworkStackClient;
-import android.net.NetworkState;
+import android.net.NetworkStateSnapshot;
 import android.net.NetworkTestResultParcelable;
 import android.net.OemNetworkPreferences;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
@@ -217,6 +221,8 @@
 import android.net.VpnManager;
 import android.net.VpnTransportInfo;
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.Nat64PrefixEventParcel;
+import android.net.resolv.aidl.PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel;
 import android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils;
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
@@ -5484,7 +5490,7 @@
                 UnderlyingNetworkInfo[].class);
 
         verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(networksCaptor.capture(),
-                any(NetworkState[].class), eq(defaultIface), vpnInfosCaptor.capture());
+                any(NetworkStateSnapshot[].class), eq(defaultIface), vpnInfosCaptor.capture());
 
         assertSameElementsNoDuplicates(networksCaptor.getValue(), networks);
 
@@ -5554,9 +5560,8 @@
         // Temp metered change shouldn't update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, never())
-                .forceUpdateIfaces(eq(onlyCell), any(NetworkState[].class), eq(MOBILE_IFNAME),
-                        eq(new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]));
+        verify(mStatsService, never()).forceUpdateIfaces(eq(onlyCell), any(
+                NetworkStateSnapshot[].class), eq(MOBILE_IFNAME), eq(new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Roaming change should update ifaces
@@ -5638,7 +5643,7 @@
         // Confirm that we never tell NetworkStatsService that cell is no longer the underlying
         // network for the VPN...
         verify(mStatsService, never()).forceUpdateIfaces(any(Network[].class),
-                any(NetworkState[].class), any() /* anyString() doesn't match null */,
+                any(NetworkStateSnapshot[].class), any() /* anyString() doesn't match null */,
                 argThat(infos -> infos[0].underlyingIfaces.size() == 1
                         && WIFI_IFNAME.equals(infos[0].underlyingIfaces.get(0))));
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mStatsService);
@@ -5652,7 +5657,7 @@
         mEthernetNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         waitForIdle();
         verify(mStatsService).forceUpdateIfaces(any(Network[].class),
-                any(NetworkState[].class), any() /* anyString() doesn't match null */,
+                any(NetworkStateSnapshot[].class), any() /* anyString() doesn't match null */,
                 argThat(vpnInfos -> vpnInfos[0].underlyingIfaces.size() == 1
                         && WIFI_IFNAME.equals(vpnInfos[0].underlyingIfaces.get(0))));
         mEthernetNetworkAgent.disconnect();
@@ -5920,6 +5925,16 @@
         assertEquals("strict.example.com", cbi.getLp().getPrivateDnsServerName());
     }
 
+    private PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel makePrivateDnsValidationEvent(
+            final int netId, final String ipAddress, final String hostname, final int validation) {
+        final PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel event = new PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel();
+        event.netId = netId;
+        event.ipAddress = ipAddress;
+        event.hostname = hostname;
+        event.validation = validation;
+        return event;
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testLinkPropertiesWithPrivateDnsValidationEvents() throws Exception {
         // The default on Android is opportunistic mode ("Automatic").
@@ -5950,8 +5965,9 @@
 
         // Send a validation event for a server that is not part of the current
         // resolver config. The validation event should be ignored.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
-                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, "", "145.100.185.18", true);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
+                makePrivateDnsValidationEvent(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, "",
+                        "145.100.185.18", VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
 
         // Add a dns server to the LinkProperties.
@@ -5968,20 +5984,23 @@
 
         // Send a validation event containing a hostname that is not part of
         // the current resolver config. The validation event should be ignored.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
-                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, "145.100.185.16", "hostname", true);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
+                makePrivateDnsValidationEvent(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                        "145.100.185.16", "hostname", VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
 
         // Send a validation event where validation failed.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
-                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, "145.100.185.16", "", false);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
+                makePrivateDnsValidationEvent(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                        "145.100.185.16", "", VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE));
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
 
         // Send a validation event where validation succeeded for a server in
         // the current resolver config. A LinkProperties callback with updated
         // private dns fields should be sent.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
-                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, "145.100.185.16", "", true);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onPrivateDnsValidationEvent(
+                makePrivateDnsValidationEvent(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                        "145.100.185.16", "", VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         cbi = cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED,
                 mCellNetworkAgent);
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -7825,6 +7844,16 @@
         return stacked;
     }
 
+    private Nat64PrefixEventParcel makeNat64PrefixEvent(final int netId, final int prefixOperation,
+            final String prefixAddress, final int prefixLength) {
+        final Nat64PrefixEventParcel event = new Nat64PrefixEventParcel();
+        event.netId = netId;
+        event.prefixOperation = prefixOperation;
+        event.prefixAddress = prefixAddress;
+        event.prefixLength = prefixLength;
+        return event;
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testStackedLinkProperties() throws Exception {
         final LinkAddress myIpv4 = new LinkAddress("1.2.3.4/24");
@@ -7909,8 +7938,8 @@
         // When NAT64 prefix discovery succeeds, LinkProperties are updated and clatd is started.
         Nat464Xlat clat = getNat464Xlat(mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertNull(mCm.getLinkProperties(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).getNat64Prefix());
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, true /* added */,
-                kNat64PrefixString, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
+                makeNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, kNat64PrefixString, 96));
         LinkProperties lpBeforeClat = networkCallback.expectCallback(
                 CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent).getLp();
         assertEquals(0, lpBeforeClat.getStackedLinks().size());
@@ -7950,8 +7979,8 @@
                 .thenReturn(getClatInterfaceConfigParcel(myIpv4));
         // Change the NAT64 prefix without first removing it.
         // Expect clatd to be stopped and started with the new prefix.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, true /* added */,
-                kOtherNat64PrefixString, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(makeNat64PrefixEvent(
+                cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, kOtherNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getStackedLinks().size() == 0);
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
@@ -7999,8 +8028,8 @@
                 .thenReturn(getClatInterfaceConfigParcel(myIpv4));
 
         // Stopping prefix discovery causes netd to tell us that the NAT64 prefix is gone.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, false /* added */,
-                kOtherNat64PrefixString, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(makeNat64PrefixEvent(
+                cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_REMOVED, kOtherNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getNat64Prefix() == null);
 
@@ -8012,8 +8041,8 @@
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertRoutesRemoved(cellNetId, ipv4Subnet);  // Directly-connected routes auto-added.
         verify(mMockDnsResolver, times(1)).startPrefix64Discovery(cellNetId);
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, true /* added */,
-                kNat64PrefixString, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(makeNat64PrefixEvent(
+                cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, kNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent);
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME, kNat64Prefix.toString());
 
@@ -8025,8 +8054,8 @@
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddInterface(cellNetId, CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME);
 
         // NAT64 prefix is removed. Expect that clat is stopped.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(cellNetId, false /* added */,
-                kNat64PrefixString, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(makeNat64PrefixEvent(
+                cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_REMOVED, kNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getStackedLinks().size() == 0 && lp.getNat64Prefix() == null);
         assertRoutesRemoved(cellNetId, ipv4Subnet, stackedDefault);
@@ -8114,8 +8143,8 @@
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(netId, true /* added */,
-                pref64FromDnsStr, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
+                makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromDns);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromDns.toString());
 
@@ -8148,8 +8177,8 @@
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
         // Stopping prefix discovery results in a prefix removed notification.
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(netId, false /* added */,
-                pref64FromDnsStr, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
+                makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_REMOVED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
 
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
@@ -8187,8 +8216,8 @@
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
-        mService.mNetdEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(netId, true /* added */,
-                pref64FromDnsStr, 96);
+        mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
+                makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromDns);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromDns.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), any());
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
index f5b85ca..5760211 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.MIN_TRANSPORT;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE;
+import static android.net.resolv.aidl.IDnsResolverUnsolicitedEventListener.VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER;
@@ -164,7 +166,8 @@
         mDnsManager.flushVmDnsCache();
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID_ALTERNATE,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("4.4.4.4"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("4.4.4.4"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         LinkProperties fixedLp = new LinkProperties(lp);
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, fixedLp);
         assertFalse(fixedLp.isPrivateDnsActive());
@@ -204,7 +207,8 @@
         // Validate one.
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("6.6.6.6"), "strictmode.com", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("6.6.6.6"), "strictmode.com",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         fixedLp = new LinkProperties(lp);
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, fixedLp);
         assertEquals(Arrays.asList(InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("6.6.6.6")),
@@ -212,7 +216,8 @@
         // Validate the 2nd one.
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:66:66::1"), "strictmode.com", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:66:66::1"), "strictmode.com",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         fixedLp = new LinkProperties(lp);
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, fixedLp);
         assertEquals(Arrays.asList(
@@ -232,7 +237,8 @@
         mDnsManager.flushVmDnsCache();
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -245,7 +251,8 @@
         mDnsManager.flushVmDnsCache();
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID_UNTRACKED,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -253,7 +260,8 @@
         // Validation event has untracked ipAddress
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("4.4.4.4"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("4.4.4.4"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -261,8 +269,8 @@
         // Validation event has untracked hostname
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "hostname",
-                true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "hostname",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -270,7 +278,8 @@
         // Validation event failed
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", false));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_FAILURE));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -279,7 +288,7 @@
         mDnsManager.removeNetwork(new Network(TEST_NETID));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -293,7 +302,8 @@
         mDnsManager.flushVmDnsCache();
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
                 new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID,
-                InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "", true));
+                        InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("3.3.3.3"), "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(lp.getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -398,7 +408,8 @@
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDns(network, mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig());
         mDnsManager.noteDnsServersForNetwork(TEST_NETID, lp);
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsValidation(
-                new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID, dnsAddr, "", true));
+                new DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate(TEST_NETID, dnsAddr, "",
+                        VALIDATION_RESULT_SUCCESS));
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(TEST_NETID, lp);
         privateDnsCfg = mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig(network);
         assertTrue(privateDnsCfg.useTls);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index 54d6fb9..9334e2c 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.EXTRA_UID;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
-import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_VPN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
-import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
@@ -86,7 +84,7 @@
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
-import android.net.NetworkState;
+import android.net.NetworkStateSnapshot;
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.NetworkStatsHistory;
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate;
@@ -286,7 +284,7 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -329,7 +327,7 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -403,7 +401,7 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectSettings(0L, HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -444,7 +442,7 @@
     public void testUidStatsAcrossNetworks() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -475,7 +473,7 @@
         // disappearing, to verify we don't count backwards.
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_2)};
+        states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_2)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 2048L, 16L, 512L, 4L));
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
@@ -519,7 +517,7 @@
     public void testUidRemovedIsMoved() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -583,7 +581,8 @@
                 buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE);
         final NetworkTemplate template5g =
                 buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR);
-        final NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
 
         // 3G network comes online.
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -673,7 +672,8 @@
                 METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_MANAGED_NO);
 
         // OEM_PAID network comes online.
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{
+                buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID})};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_PRIVATE network comes online.
-        states = new NetworkState[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
+        states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE})};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_PAID + OEM_PRIVATE network comes online.
-        states = new NetworkState[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
+        states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE,
                           NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID})};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_NONE network comes online.
-        states = new NetworkState[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false, new int[]{})};
+        states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false, new int[]{})};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@
     public void testSummaryForAllUid() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@
     public void testDetailedUidStats() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -871,9 +871,9 @@
         final String stackedIface = "stacked-test0";
         final LinkProperties stackedProp = new LinkProperties();
         stackedProp.setInterfaceName(stackedIface);
-        final NetworkState wifiState = buildWifiState();
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot wifiState = buildWifiState();
         wifiState.linkProperties.addStackedLink(stackedProp);
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {wifiState};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {wifiState};
 
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@
     public void testForegroundBackground() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -986,8 +986,8 @@
     public void testMetered() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states =
-                new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -1026,8 +1026,8 @@
     public void testRoaming() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states =
-            new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1, true /* isRoaming */)};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+            new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1, true /* isRoaming */)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -1065,7 +1065,8 @@
     public void testTethering() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        final NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -1122,7 +1123,7 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -1220,8 +1221,8 @@
     public void testStatsProviderUpdateStats() throws Exception {
         // Pretend that network comes online.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        final NetworkState[] states =
-                new NetworkState[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
@@ -1282,8 +1283,8 @@
     public void testStatsProviderSetAlert() throws Exception {
         // Pretend that network comes online.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states =
-                new NetworkState[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
         mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
@@ -1326,7 +1327,8 @@
                 buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
         final NetworkTemplate templateAll =
                 buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL);
-        final NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
 
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
@@ -1401,7 +1403,7 @@
     public void testOperationCount_nonDefault_traffic() throws Exception {
         // Pretend mobile network comes online, but wifi is the default network.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[]{
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{
                 buildWifiState(true /*isMetered*/, TEST_IFACE2), buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
@@ -1489,7 +1491,7 @@
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
     }
 
-    private String getActiveIface(NetworkState... states) throws Exception {
+    private String getActiveIface(NetworkStateSnapshot... states) throws Exception {
         if (states == null || states.length == 0 || states[0].linkProperties == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -1565,11 +1567,11 @@
         assertEquals("unexpected operations", operations, entry.operations);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkState buildWifiState() {
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildWifiState() {
         return buildWifiState(false, TEST_IFACE);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkState buildWifiState(boolean isMetered, @NonNull String iface) {
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildWifiState(boolean isMetered, @NonNull String iface) {
         final LinkProperties prop = new LinkProperties();
         prop.setInterfaceName(iface);
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
@@ -1577,35 +1579,30 @@
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, true);
         capabilities.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         capabilities.setSSID(TEST_SSID);
-        return new NetworkState(TYPE_WIFI, prop, capabilities, WIFI_NETWORK, null);
+        return new NetworkStateSnapshot(WIFI_NETWORK, capabilities, prop, null, TYPE_WIFI);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkState buildMobile3gState(String subscriberId) {
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildMobile3gState(String subscriberId) {
         return buildMobile3gState(subscriberId, false /* isRoaming */);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkState buildMobile3gState(String subscriberId, boolean isRoaming) {
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildMobile3gState(String subscriberId, boolean isRoaming) {
         final LinkProperties prop = new LinkProperties();
         prop.setInterfaceName(TEST_IFACE);
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, false);
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, !isRoaming);
         capabilities.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
-        return new NetworkState(TYPE_MOBILE, prop, capabilities, MOBILE_NETWORK, subscriberId);
+        return new NetworkStateSnapshot(
+                MOBILE_NETWORK, capabilities, prop, subscriberId, TYPE_MOBILE);
     }
 
     private NetworkStats buildEmptyStats() {
         return new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 0);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkState buildVpnState() {
-        final LinkProperties prop = new LinkProperties();
-        prop.setInterfaceName(TUN_IFACE);
-        return new NetworkState(TYPE_VPN, prop, new NetworkCapabilities(), VPN_NETWORK, null);
-    }
-
-    private static NetworkState buildOemManagedMobileState(String subscriberId, boolean isRoaming,
-                int[] oemNetCapabilities) {
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildOemManagedMobileState(
+            String subscriberId, boolean isRoaming, int[] oemNetCapabilities) {
         final LinkProperties prop = new LinkProperties();
         prop.setInterfaceName(TEST_IFACE);
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
@@ -1615,7 +1612,8 @@
             capabilities.setCapability(nc, true);
         }
         capabilities.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
-        return new NetworkState(TYPE_MOBILE, prop, capabilities, MOBILE_NETWORK, subscriberId);
+        return new NetworkStateSnapshot(MOBILE_NETWORK, capabilities, prop, subscriberId,
+                TYPE_MOBILE);
     }
 
     private long getElapsedRealtime() {