Move adb to C++.

I keep trying to clean things up and needing std::strings. Might as
well just do this now.

usb_linux_client.c is going to stay as C because GCC isn't smart
enough to deal with the designated initializers it uses (though for
some reason it is in C mode).

The Darwin files are staying as C because I don't have a way to test
that they build.

The Windows files are staying as C because while I can actually build
for them, it's slow and painful.

Change-Id: I75367d29205a9049d34460032b3bb36384f43941
diff --git a/adb/commandline.cpp b/adb/commandline.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecaab83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adb/commandline.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,2065 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "sysdeps.h"
+
+#define  TRACE_TAG  TRACE_ADB
+#include "adb.h"
+#include "adb_auth.h"
+#include "adb_client.h"
+#include "adb_io.h"
+#include "file_sync_service.h"
+
+static int do_cmd(transport_type ttype, const char* serial, const char *cmd, ...);
+
+int find_sync_dirs(const char *srcarg,
+        char **android_srcdir_out, char **data_srcdir_out, char **vendor_srcdir_out);
+int install_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                const char** argv);
+int install_multiple_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                         const char** argv);
+int uninstall_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                  const char** argv);
+
+static const char *gProductOutPath = NULL;
+extern int gListenAll;
+
+static char *product_file(const char *extra)
+{
+    if (gProductOutPath == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: Product directory not specified; "
+                "use -p or define ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    int n = strlen(gProductOutPath) + strlen(extra) + 2;
+    char* x = reinterpret_cast<char*>(malloc(n));
+    if (x == 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: Out of memory (product_file())\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    snprintf(x, (size_t)n, "%s" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR "%s", gProductOutPath, extra);
+    return x;
+}
+
+void version(FILE * out) {
+    fprintf(out, "Android Debug Bridge version %d.%d.%d\n",
+         ADB_VERSION_MAJOR, ADB_VERSION_MINOR, ADB_SERVER_VERSION);
+}
+
+void help()
+{
+    version(stderr);
+
+    fprintf(stderr,
+        "\n"
+        " -a                            - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection\n"
+        " -d                            - directs command to the only connected USB device\n"
+        "                                 returns an error if more than one USB device is present.\n"
+        " -e                            - directs command to the only running emulator.\n"
+        "                                 returns an error if more than one emulator is running.\n"
+        " -s <specific device>          - directs command to the device or emulator with the given\n"
+        "                                 serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL\n"
+        "                                 environment variable.\n"
+        " -p <product name or path>     - simple product name like 'sooner', or\n"
+        "                                 a relative/absolute path to a product\n"
+        "                                 out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'.\n"
+        "                                 If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT\n"
+        "                                 environment variable is used, which must\n"
+        "                                 be an absolute path.\n"
+        " -H                            - Name of adb server host (default: localhost)\n"
+        " -P                            - Port of adb server (default: 5037)\n"
+        " devices [-l]                  - list all connected devices\n"
+        "                                 ('-l' will also list device qualifiers)\n"
+        " connect <host>[:<port>]       - connect to a device via TCP/IP\n"
+        "                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.\n"
+        " disconnect [<host>[:<port>]]  - disconnect from a TCP/IP device.\n"
+        "                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.\n"
+        "                                 Using this command with no additional arguments\n"
+        "                                 will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices.\n"
+        "\n"
+        "device commands:\n"
+        "  adb push [-p] <local> <remote>\n"
+        "                               - copy file/dir to device\n"
+        "                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)\n"
+        "  adb pull [-p] [-a] <remote> [<local>]\n"
+        "                               - copy file/dir from device\n"
+        "                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)\n"
+        "                                 ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode)\n"
+        "  adb sync [ <directory> ]     - copy host->device only if changed\n"
+        "                                 (-l means list but don't copy)\n"
+        "                                 (see 'adb help all')\n"
+        "  adb shell                    - run remote shell interactively\n"
+        "  adb shell <command>          - run remote shell command\n"
+        "  adb emu <command>            - run emulator console command\n"
+        "  adb logcat [ <filter-spec> ] - View device log\n"
+        "  adb forward --list           - list all forward socket connections.\n"
+        "                                 the format is a list of lines with the following format:\n"
+        "                                    <serial> \" \" <local> \" \" <remote> \"\\n\"\n"
+        "  adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections\n"
+        "                                 forward specs are one of: \n"
+        "                                   tcp:<port>\n"
+        "                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "                                   dev:<character device name>\n"
+        "                                   jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)\n"
+        "  adb forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>\n"
+        "                               - same as 'adb forward <local> <remote>' but fails\n"
+        "                                 if <local> is already forwarded\n"
+        "  adb forward --remove <local> - remove a specific forward socket connection\n"
+        "  adb forward --remove-all     - remove all forward socket connections\n"
+        "  adb reverse --list           - list all reverse socket connections from device\n"
+        "  adb reverse <remote> <local> - reverse socket connections\n"
+        "                                 reverse specs are one of:\n"
+        "                                   tcp:<port>\n"
+        "                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>\n"
+        "  adb reverse --norebind <remote> <local>\n"
+        "                               - same as 'adb reverse <remote> <local>' but fails\n"
+        "                                 if <remote> is already reversed.\n"
+        "  adb reverse --remove <remote>\n"
+        "                               - remove a specific reversed socket connection\n"
+        "  adb reverse --remove-all     - remove all reversed socket connections from device\n"
+        "  adb jdwp                     - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport\n"
+        "  adb install [-lrtsd] <file>\n"
+        "  adb install-multiple [-lrtsdp] <file...>\n"
+        "                               - push this package file to the device and install it\n"
+        "                                 (-l: forward lock application)\n"
+        "                                 (-r: replace existing application)\n"
+        "                                 (-t: allow test packages)\n"
+        "                                 (-s: install application on sdcard)\n"
+        "                                 (-d: allow version code downgrade)\n"
+        "                                 (-p: partial application install)\n"
+        "  adb uninstall [-k] <package> - remove this app package from the device\n"
+        "                                 ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories)\n"
+        "  adb bugreport                - return all information from the device\n"
+        "                                 that should be included in a bug report.\n"
+        "\n"
+        "  adb backup [-f <file>] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [<packages...>]\n"
+        "                               - write an archive of the device's data to <file>.\n"
+        "                                 If no -f option is supplied then the data is written\n"
+        "                                 to \"backup.ab\" in the current directory.\n"
+        "                                 (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves\n"
+        "                                    in the archive; the default is noapk.)\n"
+        "                                 (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion\n"
+        "                                    (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default\n"
+        "                                    is noobb.)\n"
+        "                                 (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's\n"
+        "                                    shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.)\n"
+        "                                 (-all means to back up all installed applications)\n"
+        "                                 (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes\n"
+        "                                    system applications; the default is to include system apps)\n"
+        "                                 (<packages...> is the list of applications to be backed up.  If\n"
+        "                                    the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package\n"
+        "                                    list is optional.  Applications explicitly given on the\n"
+        "                                    command line will be included even if -nosystem would\n"
+        "                                    ordinarily cause them to be omitted.)\n"
+        "\n"
+        "  adb restore <file>           - restore device contents from the <file> backup archive\n"
+        "\n"
+        "  adb disable-verity           - disable dm-verity checking on USERDEBUG builds\n"
+        "  adb enable-verity            - re-enable dm-verity checking on USERDEBUG builds\n"
+        "  adb keygen <file>            - generate adb public/private key. The private key is stored in <file>,\n"
+        "                                 and the public key is stored in <file>.pub. Any existing files\n"
+        "                                 are overwritten.\n"
+        "  adb help                     - show this help message\n"
+        "  adb version                  - show version num\n"
+        "\n"
+        "scripting:\n"
+        "  adb wait-for-device          - block until device is online\n"
+        "  adb start-server             - ensure that there is a server running\n"
+        "  adb kill-server              - kill the server if it is running\n"
+        "  adb get-state                - prints: offline | bootloader | device\n"
+        "  adb get-serialno             - prints: <serial-number>\n"
+        "  adb get-devpath              - prints: <device-path>\n"
+        "  adb status-window            - continuously print device status for a specified device\n"
+        "  adb remount                  - remounts the /system and /vendor (if present) partitions on the device read-write\n"
+        "  adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program\n"
+        "  adb reboot-bootloader        - reboots the device into the bootloader\n"
+        "  adb root                     - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions\n"
+        "  adb unroot                   - restarts the adbd daemon without root permissions\n"
+        "  adb usb                      - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB\n"
+        "  adb tcpip <port>             - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port\n"
+        "networking:\n"
+        "  adb ppp <tty> [parameters]   - Run PPP over USB.\n"
+        " Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection.\n"
+        " <tty> refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1\n"
+        " [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns\n"
+        "\n"
+        "adb sync notes: adb sync [ <directory> ]\n"
+        "  <localdir> can be interpreted in several ways:\n"
+        "\n"
+        "  - If <directory> is not specified, /system, /vendor (if present), and /data partitions will be updated.\n"
+        "\n"
+        "  - If it is \"system\", \"vendor\" or \"data\", only the corresponding partition\n"
+        "    is updated.\n"
+        "\n"
+        "environmental variables:\n"
+        "  ADB_TRACE                    - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values\n"
+        "                                 1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp\n"
+        "  ANDROID_SERIAL               - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given.\n"
+        "  ANDROID_LOG_TAGS             - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.\n"
+        );
+}
+
+int usage()
+{
+    help();
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+
+// Windows does not have <termio.h>.
+static void stdin_raw_init(int fd) {
+
+}
+
+static void stdin_raw_restore(int fd) {
+
+}
+
+#else
+static struct termios tio_save;
+
+static void stdin_raw_init(int fd)
+{
+    struct termios tio;
+
+    if(tcgetattr(fd, &tio)) return;
+    if(tcgetattr(fd, &tio_save)) return;
+
+    tio.c_lflag = 0; /* disable CANON, ECHO*, etc */
+
+        /* no timeout but request at least one character per read */
+    tio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
+    tio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
+
+    tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &tio);
+    tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);
+}
+
+static void stdin_raw_restore(int fd)
+{
+    tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &tio_save);
+    tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void read_and_dump(int fd)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+    int len;
+
+    while(fd >= 0) {
+        D("read_and_dump(): pre adb_read(fd=%d)\n", fd);
+        len = adb_read(fd, buf, 4096);
+        D("read_and_dump(): post adb_read(fd=%d): len=%d\n", fd, len);
+        if(len == 0) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if(len < 0) {
+            if(errno == EINTR) continue;
+            break;
+        }
+        fwrite(buf, 1, len, stdout);
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+}
+
+static void read_status_line(int fd, char* buf, size_t count)
+{
+    count--;
+    while (count > 0) {
+        int len = adb_read(fd, buf, count);
+        if (len == 0) {
+            break;
+        } else if (len < 0) {
+            if (errno == EINTR) continue;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        buf += len;
+        count -= len;
+    }
+    *buf = '\0';
+}
+
+static void copy_to_file(int inFd, int outFd) {
+    const size_t BUFSIZE = 32 * 1024;
+    char* buf = (char*) malloc(BUFSIZE);
+    int len;
+    long total = 0;
+
+    D("copy_to_file(%d -> %d)\n", inFd, outFd);
+
+    if (inFd == STDIN_FILENO) {
+        stdin_raw_init(STDIN_FILENO);
+    }
+
+    for (;;) {
+        if (inFd == STDIN_FILENO) {
+            len = unix_read(inFd, buf, BUFSIZE);
+        } else {
+            len = adb_read(inFd, buf, BUFSIZE);
+        }
+        if (len == 0) {
+            D("copy_to_file() : read 0 bytes; exiting\n");
+            break;
+        }
+        if (len < 0) {
+            if (errno == EINTR) {
+                D("copy_to_file() : EINTR, retrying\n");
+                continue;
+            }
+            D("copy_to_file() : error %d\n", errno);
+            break;
+        }
+        if (outFd == STDOUT_FILENO) {
+            fwrite(buf, 1, len, stdout);
+            fflush(stdout);
+        } else {
+            adb_write(outFd, buf, len);
+        }
+        total += len;
+    }
+
+    if (inFd == STDIN_FILENO) {
+        stdin_raw_restore(STDIN_FILENO);
+    }
+
+    D("copy_to_file() finished after %lu bytes\n", total);
+    free(buf);
+}
+
+static void *stdin_read_thread(void *x)
+{
+    int fd, fdi;
+    unsigned char buf[1024];
+    int r, n;
+    int state = 0;
+
+    int *fds = (int*) x;
+    fd = fds[0];
+    fdi = fds[1];
+    free(fds);
+
+    for(;;) {
+        /* fdi is really the client's stdin, so use read, not adb_read here */
+        D("stdin_read_thread(): pre unix_read(fdi=%d,...)\n", fdi);
+        r = unix_read(fdi, buf, 1024);
+        D("stdin_read_thread(): post unix_read(fdi=%d,...)\n", fdi);
+        if(r == 0) break;
+        if(r < 0) {
+            if(errno == EINTR) continue;
+            break;
+        }
+        for(n = 0; n < r; n++){
+            switch(buf[n]) {
+            case '\n':
+                state = 1;
+                break;
+            case '\r':
+                state = 1;
+                break;
+            case '~':
+                if(state == 1) state++;
+                break;
+            case '.':
+                if(state == 2) {
+                    fprintf(stderr,"\n* disconnect *\n");
+                    stdin_raw_restore(fdi);
+                    exit(0);
+                }
+            default:
+                state = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        r = adb_write(fd, buf, r);
+        if(r <= 0) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int interactive_shell(void)
+{
+    adb_thread_t thr;
+    int fdi, fd;
+
+    fd = adb_connect("shell:");
+    if(fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+        return 1;
+    }
+    fdi = 0; //dup(0);
+
+    int* fds = reinterpret_cast<int*>(malloc(sizeof(int) * 2));
+    fds[0] = fd;
+    fds[1] = fdi;
+
+    stdin_raw_init(fdi);
+    adb_thread_create(&thr, stdin_read_thread, fds);
+    read_and_dump(fd);
+    stdin_raw_restore(fdi);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void format_host_command(char* buffer, size_t  buflen, const char* command, transport_type ttype, const char* serial)
+{
+    if (serial) {
+        snprintf(buffer, buflen, "host-serial:%s:%s", serial, command);
+    } else {
+        const char* prefix = "host";
+        if (ttype == kTransportUsb)
+            prefix = "host-usb";
+        else if (ttype == kTransportLocal)
+            prefix = "host-local";
+
+        snprintf(buffer, buflen, "%s:%s", prefix, command);
+    }
+}
+
+int adb_download_buffer(const char *service, const char *fn, const void* data, int sz,
+                        unsigned progress)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+    unsigned total;
+    int fd;
+
+    sprintf(buf,"%s:%d", service, sz);
+    fd = adb_connect(buf);
+    if(fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    int opt = CHUNK_SIZE;
+    opt = adb_setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (const void *) &opt, sizeof(opt));
+
+    total = sz;
+    const uint8_t* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(data);
+
+    if(progress) {
+        char *x = strrchr(service, ':');
+        if(x) service = x + 1;
+    }
+
+    while(sz > 0) {
+        unsigned xfer = (sz > CHUNK_SIZE) ? CHUNK_SIZE : sz;
+        if(!WriteFdExactly(fd, ptr, xfer)) {
+            adb_status(fd);
+            fprintf(stderr,"* failed to write data '%s' *\n", adb_error());
+            return -1;
+        }
+        sz -= xfer;
+        ptr += xfer;
+        if(progress) {
+            printf("sending: '%s' %4d%%    \r", fn, (int)(100LL - ((100LL * sz) / (total))));
+            fflush(stdout);
+        }
+    }
+    if(progress) {
+        printf("\n");
+    }
+
+    if(!ReadFdExactly(fd, buf, 4)){
+        fprintf(stderr,"* error reading response *\n");
+        adb_close(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if(memcmp(buf, "OKAY", 4)) {
+        buf[4] = 0;
+        fprintf(stderr,"* error response '%s' *\n", buf);
+        adb_close(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    adb_close(fd);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+int adb_download(const char *service, const char *fn, unsigned progress)
+{
+    void *data;
+    unsigned sz;
+
+    data = load_file(fn, &sz);
+    if(data == 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"* cannot read '%s' *\n", fn);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    int status = adb_download_buffer(service, fn, data, sz, progress);
+    free(data);
+    return status;
+}
+
+#define SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE (CHUNK_SIZE)
+
+/*
+ * The sideload-host protocol serves the data in a file (given on the
+ * command line) to the client, using a simple protocol:
+ *
+ * - The connect message includes the total number of bytes in the
+ *   file and a block size chosen by us.
+ *
+ * - The other side sends the desired block number as eight decimal
+ *   digits (eg "00000023" for block 23).  Blocks are numbered from
+ *   zero.
+ *
+ * - We send back the data of the requested block.  The last block is
+ *   likely to be partial; when the last block is requested we only
+ *   send the part of the block that exists, it's not padded up to the
+ *   block size.
+ *
+ * - When the other side sends "DONEDONE" instead of a block number,
+ *   we hang up.
+ */
+int adb_sideload_host(const char* fn) {
+    unsigned sz;
+    size_t xfer = 0;
+    int status;
+    int last_percent = -1;
+    int opt = SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE;
+
+    printf("loading: '%s'", fn);
+    fflush(stdout);
+    uint8_t* data = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(load_file(fn, &sz));
+    if (data == 0) {
+        printf("\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "* cannot read '%s' *\n", fn);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    char buf[100];
+    sprintf(buf, "sideload-host:%d:%d", sz, SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE);
+    int fd = adb_connect(buf);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        // Try falling back to the older sideload method.  Maybe this
+        // is an older device that doesn't support sideload-host.
+        printf("\n");
+        status = adb_download_buffer("sideload", fn, data, sz, 1);
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    opt = adb_setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (const void *) &opt, sizeof(opt));
+
+    for (;;) {
+        if (!ReadFdExactly(fd, buf, 8)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "* failed to read command: %s\n", adb_error());
+            status = -1;
+            goto done;
+        }
+
+        if (strncmp("DONEDONE", buf, 8) == 0) {
+            status = 0;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        buf[8] = '\0';
+        int block = strtol(buf, NULL, 10);
+
+        size_t offset = block * SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        if (offset >= sz) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "* attempt to read past end: %s\n", adb_error());
+            status = -1;
+            goto done;
+        }
+        uint8_t* start = data + offset;
+        size_t offset_end = offset + SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        size_t to_write = SIDELOAD_HOST_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        if (offset_end > sz) {
+            to_write = sz - offset;
+        }
+
+        if(!WriteFdExactly(fd, start, to_write)) {
+            adb_status(fd);
+            fprintf(stderr,"* failed to write data '%s' *\n", adb_error());
+            status = -1;
+            goto done;
+        }
+        xfer += to_write;
+
+        // For normal OTA packages, we expect to transfer every byte
+        // twice, plus a bit of overhead (one read during
+        // verification, one read of each byte for installation, plus
+        // extra access to things like the zip central directory).
+        // This estimate of the completion becomes 100% when we've
+        // transferred ~2.13 (=100/47) times the package size.
+        int percent = (int)(xfer * 47LL / (sz ? sz : 1));
+        if (percent != last_percent) {
+            printf("\rserving: '%s'  (~%d%%)    ", fn, percent);
+            fflush(stdout);
+            last_percent = percent;
+        }
+    }
+
+    printf("\rTotal xfer: %.2fx%*s\n", (double)xfer / (sz ? sz : 1), (int)strlen(fn)+10, "");
+
+  done:
+    if (fd >= 0) adb_close(fd);
+    free(data);
+    return status;
+}
+
+static void status_window(transport_type ttype, const char* serial)
+{
+    char command[4096];
+    char *state = 0;
+    char *laststate = 0;
+
+        /* silence stderr */
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    /* XXX: TODO */
+#else
+    int  fd;
+    fd = unix_open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
+    dup2(fd, 2);
+    adb_close(fd);
+#endif
+
+    format_host_command(command, sizeof command, "get-state", ttype, serial);
+
+    for(;;) {
+        adb_sleep_ms(250);
+
+        if(state) {
+            free(state);
+            state = 0;
+        }
+
+        state = adb_query(command);
+
+        if(state) {
+            if(laststate && !strcmp(state,laststate)){
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                if(laststate) free(laststate);
+                laststate = strdup(state);
+            }
+        }
+
+        printf("%c[2J%c[2H", 27, 27);
+        printf("Android Debug Bridge\n");
+        printf("State: %s\n", state ? state : "offline");
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+}
+
+static int should_escape(const char c)
+{
+    return (c == ' ' || c == '\'' || c == '"' || c == '\\' || c == '(' || c == ')');
+}
+
+/* Duplicate and escape given argument. */
+static char *escape_arg(const char *s)
+{
+    const char *ts;
+    size_t alloc_len;
+    char *ret;
+    char *dest;
+
+    alloc_len = 0;
+    for (ts = s; *ts != '\0'; ts++) {
+        alloc_len++;
+        if (should_escape(*ts)) {
+            alloc_len++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (alloc_len == 0) {
+        // Preserve empty arguments
+        ret = (char *) malloc(3);
+        ret[0] = '\"';
+        ret[1] = '\"';
+        ret[2] = '\0';
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ret = (char *) malloc(alloc_len + 1);
+    dest = ret;
+
+    for (ts = s; *ts != '\0'; ts++) {
+        if (should_escape(*ts)) {
+            *dest++ = '\\';
+        }
+        *dest++ = *ts;
+    }
+    *dest++ = '\0';
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Run ppp in "notty" mode against a resource listed as the first parameter
+ * eg:
+ *
+ * ppp dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty0 <ppp options>
+ *
+ */
+int ppp(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: adb %s not implemented on Win32\n", argv[0]);
+    return -1;
+#else
+    pid_t pid;
+    int fd;
+
+    if (argc < 2) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "usage: adb %s <adb service name> [ppp opts]\n",
+                argv[0]);
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    const char* adb_service_name = argv[1];
+    fd = adb_connect(adb_service_name);
+
+    if(fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"Error: Could not open adb service: %s. Error: %s\n",
+                adb_service_name, adb_error());
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    pid = fork();
+
+    if (pid < 0) {
+        perror("from fork()");
+        return 1;
+    } else if (pid == 0) {
+        int err;
+        int i;
+        const char **ppp_args;
+
+        // copy args
+        ppp_args = (const char **) alloca(sizeof(char *) * argc + 1);
+        ppp_args[0] = "pppd";
+        for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; i++) {
+            //argv[2] and beyond become ppp_args[1] and beyond
+            ppp_args[i - 1] = argv[i];
+        }
+        ppp_args[i-1] = NULL;
+
+        // child side
+
+        dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
+        dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
+        adb_close(STDERR_FILENO);
+        adb_close(fd);
+
+        err = execvp("pppd", (char * const *)ppp_args);
+
+        if (err < 0) {
+            perror("execing pppd");
+        }
+        exit(-1);
+    } else {
+        // parent side
+
+        adb_close(fd);
+        return 0;
+    }
+#endif /* !defined(_WIN32) */
+}
+
+static int send_shellcommand(transport_type transport, const char* serial,
+                             char* buf)
+{
+    int fd, ret;
+
+    for(;;) {
+        fd = adb_connect(buf);
+        if(fd >= 0)
+            break;
+        fprintf(stderr,"- waiting for device -\n");
+        adb_sleep_ms(1000);
+        do_cmd(transport, serial, "wait-for-device", 0);
+    }
+
+    read_and_dump(fd);
+    ret = adb_close(fd);
+    if (ret)
+        perror("close");
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int logcat(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                  const char** argv)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+
+    char *log_tags;
+    char *quoted;
+
+    log_tags = getenv("ANDROID_LOG_TAGS");
+    quoted = escape_arg(log_tags == NULL ? "" : log_tags);
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+            "shell:export ANDROID_LOG_TAGS=\"%s\"; exec logcat", quoted);
+    free(quoted);
+
+    if (!strcmp(argv[0], "longcat")) {
+        strncat(buf, " -v long", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+    }
+
+    argc -= 1;
+    argv += 1;
+    while(argc-- > 0) {
+        quoted = escape_arg(*argv++);
+        strncat(buf, " ", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        free(quoted);
+    }
+
+    send_shellcommand(transport, serial, buf);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int mkdirs(const char *path)
+{
+    int ret;
+    char *x = (char *)path + 1;
+
+    for(;;) {
+        x = adb_dirstart(x);
+        if(x == 0) return 0;
+        *x = 0;
+        ret = adb_mkdir(path, 0775);
+        *x = OS_PATH_SEPARATOR;
+        if((ret < 0) && (errno != EEXIST)) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+        x++;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int backup(int argc, const char** argv) {
+    char buf[4096];
+    char default_name[32];
+    const char* filename = strcpy(default_name, "./backup.ab");
+    int fd, outFd;
+    int i, j;
+
+    /* find, extract, and use any -f argument */
+    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (!strcmp("-f", argv[i])) {
+            if (i == argc-1) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "adb: -f passed with no filename\n");
+                return usage();
+            }
+            filename = argv[i+1];
+            for (j = i+2; j <= argc; ) {
+                argv[i++] = argv[j++];
+            }
+            argc -= 2;
+            argv[argc] = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* bare "adb backup" or "adb backup -f filename" are not valid invocations */
+    if (argc < 2) return usage();
+
+    adb_unlink(filename);
+    mkdirs(filename);
+    outFd = adb_creat(filename, 0640);
+    if (outFd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: unable to open file %s\n", filename);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "backup");
+    for (argc--, argv++; argc; argc--, argv++) {
+        strncat(buf, ":", sizeof(buf) - strlen(buf) - 1);
+        strncat(buf, argv[0], sizeof(buf) - strlen(buf) - 1);
+    }
+
+    D("backup. filename=%s buf=%s\n", filename, buf);
+    fd = adb_connect(buf);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: unable to connect for backup\n");
+        adb_close(outFd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    printf("Now unlock your device and confirm the backup operation.\n");
+    copy_to_file(fd, outFd);
+
+    adb_close(fd);
+    adb_close(outFd);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int restore(int argc, const char** argv) {
+    const char* filename;
+    int fd, tarFd;
+
+    if (argc != 2) return usage();
+
+    filename = argv[1];
+    tarFd = adb_open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+    if (tarFd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: unable to open file %s\n", filename);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    fd = adb_connect("restore:");
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: unable to connect for restore\n");
+        adb_close(tarFd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    printf("Now unlock your device and confirm the restore operation.\n");
+    copy_to_file(tarFd, fd);
+
+    adb_close(fd);
+    adb_close(tarFd);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define SENTINEL_FILE "config" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR "envsetup.make"
+static int top_works(const char *top)
+{
+    if (top != NULL && adb_is_absolute_host_path(top)) {
+        char path_buf[PATH_MAX];
+        snprintf(path_buf, sizeof(path_buf),
+                "%s" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR SENTINEL_FILE, top);
+        return access(path_buf, F_OK) == 0;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static char *find_top_from(const char *indir, char path_buf[PATH_MAX])
+{
+    strcpy(path_buf, indir);
+    while (1) {
+        if (top_works(path_buf)) {
+            return path_buf;
+        }
+        char *s = adb_dirstop(path_buf);
+        if (s != NULL) {
+            *s = '\0';
+        } else {
+            path_buf[0] = '\0';
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static char *find_top(char path_buf[PATH_MAX])
+{
+    char *top = getenv("ANDROID_BUILD_TOP");
+    if (top != NULL && top[0] != '\0') {
+        if (!top_works(top)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "adb: bad ANDROID_BUILD_TOP value \"%s\"\n", top);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    } else {
+        top = getenv("TOP");
+        if (top != NULL && top[0] != '\0') {
+            if (!top_works(top)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "adb: bad TOP value \"%s\"\n", top);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+        } else {
+            top = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (top != NULL) {
+        /* The environment pointed to a top directory that works.
+         */
+        strcpy(path_buf, top);
+        return path_buf;
+    }
+
+    /* The environment didn't help.  Walk up the tree from the CWD
+     * to see if we can find the top.
+     */
+    char dir[PATH_MAX];
+    top = find_top_from(getcwd(dir, sizeof(dir)), path_buf);
+    if (top == NULL) {
+        /* If the CWD isn't under a good-looking top, see if the
+         * executable is.
+         */
+        get_my_path(dir, PATH_MAX);
+        top = find_top_from(dir, path_buf);
+    }
+    return top;
+}
+
+/* <hint> may be:
+ * - A simple product name
+ *   e.g., "sooner"
+TODO: debug?  sooner-debug, sooner:debug?
+ * - A relative path from the CWD to the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT dir
+ *   e.g., "out/target/product/sooner"
+ * - An absolute path to the PRODUCT_OUT dir
+ *   e.g., "/src/device/out/target/product/sooner"
+ *
+ * Given <hint>, try to construct an absolute path to the
+ * ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT dir.
+ */
+static const char *find_product_out_path(const char *hint)
+{
+    static char path_buf[PATH_MAX];
+
+    if (hint == NULL || hint[0] == '\0') {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* If it's already absolute, don't bother doing any work.
+     */
+    if (adb_is_absolute_host_path(hint)) {
+        strcpy(path_buf, hint);
+        return path_buf;
+    }
+
+    /* If there are any slashes in it, assume it's a relative path;
+     * make it absolute.
+     */
+    if (adb_dirstart(hint) != NULL) {
+        if (getcwd(path_buf, sizeof(path_buf)) == NULL) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "adb: Couldn't get CWD: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (strlen(path_buf) + 1 + strlen(hint) >= sizeof(path_buf)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "adb: Couldn't assemble path\n");
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        strcat(path_buf, OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR);
+        strcat(path_buf, hint);
+        return path_buf;
+    }
+
+    /* It's a string without any slashes.  Try to do something with it.
+     *
+     * Try to find the root of the build tree, and build a PRODUCT_OUT
+     * path from there.
+     */
+    char top_buf[PATH_MAX];
+    const char *top = find_top(top_buf);
+    if (top == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: Couldn't find top of build tree\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+//TODO: if we have a way to indicate debug, look in out/debug/target/...
+    snprintf(path_buf, sizeof(path_buf),
+            "%s" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR
+            "out" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR
+            "target" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR
+            "product" OS_PATH_SEPARATOR_STR
+            "%s", top_buf, hint);
+    if (access(path_buf, F_OK) < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "adb: Couldn't find a product dir "
+                "based on \"-p %s\"; \"%s\" doesn't exist\n", hint, path_buf);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return path_buf;
+}
+
+static void parse_push_pull_args(const char **arg, int narg, char const **path1,
+                                 char const **path2, int *show_progress,
+                                 int *copy_attrs) {
+    *show_progress = 0;
+    *copy_attrs = 0;
+
+    while (narg > 0) {
+        if (!strcmp(*arg, "-p")) {
+            *show_progress = 1;
+        } else if (!strcmp(*arg, "-a")) {
+            *copy_attrs = 1;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+        ++arg;
+        --narg;
+    }
+
+    if (narg > 0) {
+        *path1 = *arg;
+        ++arg;
+        --narg;
+    }
+
+    if (narg > 0) {
+        *path2 = *arg;
+    }
+}
+
+int adb_commandline(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+    int no_daemon = 0;
+    int is_daemon = 0;
+    int is_server = 0;
+    int persist = 0;
+    int r;
+    transport_type ttype = kTransportAny;
+    const char* serial = NULL;
+    const char* server_port_str = NULL;
+
+        /* If defined, this should be an absolute path to
+         * the directory containing all of the various system images
+         * for a particular product.  If not defined, and the adb
+         * command requires this information, then the user must
+         * specify the path using "-p".
+         */
+    gProductOutPath = getenv("ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT");
+    if (gProductOutPath == NULL || gProductOutPath[0] == '\0') {
+        gProductOutPath = NULL;
+    }
+    // TODO: also try TARGET_PRODUCT/TARGET_DEVICE as a hint
+
+    serial = getenv("ANDROID_SERIAL");
+
+    /* Validate and assign the server port */
+    server_port_str = getenv("ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT");
+    int server_port = DEFAULT_ADB_PORT;
+    if (server_port_str && strlen(server_port_str) > 0) {
+        server_port = (int) strtol(server_port_str, NULL, 0);
+        if (server_port <= 0 || server_port > 65535) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "adb: Env var ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT must be a positive number less than 65535. Got \"%s\"\n",
+                    server_port_str);
+            return usage();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* modifiers and flags */
+    while (argc > 0) {
+        if (!strcmp(argv[0],"server")) {
+            is_server = 1;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"nodaemon")) {
+            no_daemon = 1;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "fork-server")) {
+            /* this is a special flag used only when the ADB client launches the ADB Server */
+            is_daemon = 1;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"persist")) {
+            persist = 1;
+        } else if (!strncmp(argv[0], "-p", 2)) {
+            const char *product = NULL;
+            if (argv[0][2] == '\0') {
+                if (argc < 2) return usage();
+                product = argv[1];
+                argc--;
+                argv++;
+            } else {
+                product = argv[0] + 2;
+            }
+            gProductOutPath = find_product_out_path(product);
+            if (gProductOutPath == NULL) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "adb: could not resolve \"-p %s\"\n",
+                        product);
+                return usage();
+            }
+        } else if (argv[0][0]=='-' && argv[0][1]=='s') {
+            if (isdigit(argv[0][2])) {
+                serial = argv[0] + 2;
+            } else {
+                if (argc < 2 || argv[0][2] != '\0') return usage();
+                serial = argv[1];
+                argc--;
+                argv++;
+            }
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"-d")) {
+            ttype = kTransportUsb;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"-e")) {
+            ttype = kTransportLocal;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"-a")) {
+            gListenAll = 1;
+        } else if (!strncmp(argv[0], "-H", 2)) {
+            const char *hostname = NULL;
+            if (argv[0][2] == '\0') {
+                if (argc < 2) return usage();
+                hostname = argv[1];
+                argc--;
+                argv++;
+            } else {
+                hostname = argv[0] + 2;
+            }
+            adb_set_tcp_name(hostname);
+
+        } else if (!strncmp(argv[0], "-P", 2)) {
+            if (argv[0][2] == '\0') {
+                if (argc < 2) return usage();
+                server_port_str = argv[1];
+                argc--;
+                argv++;
+            } else {
+                server_port_str = argv[0] + 2;
+            }
+            if (strlen(server_port_str) > 0) {
+                server_port = (int) strtol(server_port_str, NULL, 0);
+                if (server_port <= 0 || server_port > 65535) {
+                    fprintf(stderr,
+                            "adb: port number must be a positive number less than 65536. Got \"%s\"\n",
+                            server_port_str);
+                    return usage();
+                }
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr,
+                "adb: port number must be a positive number less than 65536. Got empty string.\n");
+                return usage();
+            }
+        } else {
+                /* out of recognized modifiers and flags */
+            break;
+        }
+        argc--;
+        argv++;
+    }
+
+    adb_set_transport(ttype, serial);
+    adb_set_tcp_specifics(server_port);
+
+    if (is_server) {
+        if (no_daemon || is_daemon) {
+            r = adb_main(is_daemon, server_port);
+        } else {
+            r = launch_server(server_port);
+        }
+        if (r) {
+            fprintf(stderr,"* could not start server *\n");
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    if (argc == 0) {
+        return usage();
+    }
+
+    /* handle wait-for-* prefix */
+    if (!strncmp(argv[0], "wait-for-", strlen("wait-for-"))) {
+        const char* service = argv[0];
+        if (!strncmp(service, "wait-for-device", strlen("wait-for-device"))) {
+            if (ttype == kTransportUsb) {
+                service = "wait-for-usb";
+            } else if (ttype == kTransportLocal) {
+                service = "wait-for-local";
+            } else {
+                service = "wait-for-any";
+            }
+        }
+
+        format_host_command(buf, sizeof buf, service, ttype, serial);
+
+        if (adb_command(buf)) {
+            D("failure: %s *\n",adb_error());
+            fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        /* Allow a command to be run after wait-for-device,
+            * e.g. 'adb wait-for-device shell'.
+            */
+        if (argc == 1) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Fall through */
+        argc--;
+        argv++;
+    }
+
+    /* adb_connect() commands */
+    if (!strcmp(argv[0], "devices")) {
+        char *tmp;
+        const char *listopt;
+        if (argc < 2)
+            listopt = "";
+        else if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-l"))
+            listopt = argv[1];
+        else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Usage: adb devices [-l]\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "host:%s%s", argv[0], listopt);
+        tmp = adb_query(buf);
+        if (tmp) {
+            printf("List of devices attached \n");
+            printf("%s\n", tmp);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "connect")) {
+        char *tmp;
+        if (argc != 2) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Usage: adb connect <host>[:<port>]\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "host:connect:%s", argv[1]);
+        tmp = adb_query(buf);
+        if (tmp) {
+            printf("%s\n", tmp);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "disconnect")) {
+        char *tmp;
+        if (argc > 2) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Usage: adb disconnect [<host>[:<port>]]\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
+        if (argc == 2) {
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "host:disconnect:%s", argv[1]);
+        } else {
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "host:disconnect:");
+        }
+        tmp = adb_query(buf);
+        if (tmp) {
+            printf("%s\n", tmp);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "emu")) {
+        return adb_send_emulator_command(argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "shell") || !strcmp(argv[0], "hell")) {
+        int r;
+        int fd;
+
+        char h = (argv[0][0] == 'h');
+
+        if (h) {
+            printf("\x1b[41;33m");
+            fflush(stdout);
+        }
+
+        if (argc < 2) {
+            D("starting interactive shell\n");
+            r = interactive_shell();
+            if (h) {
+                printf("\x1b[0m");
+                fflush(stdout);
+            }
+            return r;
+        }
+
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "shell:%s", argv[1]);
+        argc -= 2;
+        argv += 2;
+        while (argc-- > 0) {
+            char *quoted = escape_arg(*argv++);
+            strncat(buf, " ", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+            strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+            free(quoted);
+        }
+
+        for(;;) {
+            D("interactive shell loop. buff=%s\n", buf);
+            fd = adb_connect(buf);
+            if (fd >= 0) {
+                D("about to read_and_dump(fd=%d)\n", fd);
+                read_and_dump(fd);
+                D("read_and_dump() done.\n");
+                adb_close(fd);
+                r = 0;
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+                r = -1;
+            }
+
+            if (persist) {
+                fprintf(stderr,"\n- waiting for device -\n");
+                adb_sleep_ms(1000);
+                do_cmd(ttype, serial, "wait-for-device", 0);
+            } else {
+                if (h) {
+                    printf("\x1b[0m");
+                    fflush(stdout);
+                }
+                D("interactive shell loop. return r=%d\n", r);
+                return r;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "exec-in") || !strcmp(argv[0], "exec-out")) {
+        int exec_in = !strcmp(argv[0], "exec-in");
+        int fd;
+
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "exec:%s", argv[1]);
+        argc -= 2;
+        argv += 2;
+        while (argc-- > 0) {
+            char *quoted = escape_arg(*argv++);
+            strncat(buf, " ", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+            strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+            free(quoted);
+        }
+
+        fd = adb_connect(buf);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", adb_error());
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (exec_in) {
+            copy_to_file(STDIN_FILENO, fd);
+        } else {
+            copy_to_file(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
+        }
+
+        adb_close(fd);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "kill-server")) {
+        int fd;
+        fd = _adb_connect("host:kill");
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            fprintf(stderr,"* server not running *\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "sideload")) {
+        if (argc != 2) return usage();
+        if (adb_sideload_host(argv[1])) {
+            return 1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remount") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "reboot") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "reboot-bootloader") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "tcpip") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "usb") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "root") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "unroot") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "disable-verity") ||
+             !strcmp(argv[0], "enable-verity")) {
+        char command[100];
+        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "reboot-bootloader"))
+            snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "reboot:bootloader");
+        else if (argc > 1)
+            snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "%s:%s", argv[0], argv[1]);
+        else
+            snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "%s:", argv[0]);
+        int fd = adb_connect(command);
+        if (fd >= 0) {
+            read_and_dump(fd);
+            adb_close(fd);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+        return 1;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "bugreport")) {
+        if (argc != 1) return usage();
+        do_cmd(ttype, serial, "shell", "bugreport", 0);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    /* adb_command() wrapper commands */
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "forward") || !strcmp(argv[0], "reverse")) {
+        char host_prefix[64];
+        char reverse = (char) !strcmp(argv[0], "reverse");
+        char remove = 0;
+        char remove_all = 0;
+        char list = 0;
+        char no_rebind = 0;
+
+        // Parse options here.
+        while (argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-') {
+            if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--list"))
+                list = 1;
+            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove"))
+                remove = 1;
+            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove-all"))
+                remove_all = 1;
+            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-rebind"))
+                no_rebind = 1;
+            else {
+                return usage();
+            }
+            argc--;
+            argv++;
+        }
+
+        // Ensure we can only use one option at a time.
+        if (list + remove + remove_all + no_rebind > 1) {
+            return usage();
+        }
+
+        // Determine the <host-prefix> for this command.
+        if (reverse) {
+            snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "reverse");
+        } else {
+            if (serial) {
+                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-serial:%s",
+                        serial);
+            } else if (ttype == kTransportUsb) {
+                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-usb");
+            } else if (ttype == kTransportLocal) {
+                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-local");
+            } else {
+                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Implement forward --list
+        if (list) {
+            if (argc != 1)
+                return usage();
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:list-forward", host_prefix);
+            char* forwards = adb_query(buf);
+            if (forwards == NULL) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", adb_error());
+                return 1;
+            }
+            printf("%s", forwards);
+            free(forwards);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // Implement forward --remove-all
+        else if (remove_all) {
+            if (argc != 1)
+                return usage();
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:killforward-all", host_prefix);
+        }
+
+        // Implement forward --remove <local>
+        else if (remove) {
+            if (argc != 2)
+                return usage();
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:killforward:%s", host_prefix, argv[1]);
+        }
+        // Or implement one of:
+        //    forward <local> <remote>
+        //    forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>
+        else
+        {
+          if (argc != 3)
+            return usage();
+          const char* command = no_rebind ? "forward:norebind" : "forward";
+          snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s;%s", host_prefix, command, argv[1], argv[2]);
+        }
+
+        if (adb_command(buf)) {
+            fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", adb_error());
+            return 1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    /* do_sync_*() commands */
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "ls")) {
+        if (argc != 2) return usage();
+        return do_sync_ls(argv[1]);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "push")) {
+        int show_progress = 0;
+        int copy_attrs = 0; // unused
+        const char* lpath = NULL, *rpath = NULL;
+
+        parse_push_pull_args(&argv[1], argc - 1, &lpath, &rpath, &show_progress, &copy_attrs);
+
+        if ((lpath != NULL) && (rpath != NULL)) {
+            return do_sync_push(lpath, rpath, show_progress);
+        }
+
+        return usage();
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "pull")) {
+        int show_progress = 0;
+        int copy_attrs = 0;
+        const char* rpath = NULL, *lpath = ".";
+
+        parse_push_pull_args(&argv[1], argc - 1, &rpath, &lpath, &show_progress, &copy_attrs);
+
+        if (rpath != NULL) {
+            return do_sync_pull(rpath, lpath, show_progress, copy_attrs);
+        }
+
+        return usage();
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "install")) {
+        if (argc < 2) return usage();
+        return install_app(ttype, serial, argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "install-multiple")) {
+        if (argc < 2) return usage();
+        return install_multiple_app(ttype, serial, argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "uninstall")) {
+        if (argc < 2) return usage();
+        return uninstall_app(ttype, serial, argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "sync")) {
+        const char* srcarg;
+        char *android_srcpath, *data_srcpath, *vendor_srcpath;
+        int listonly = 0;
+
+        int ret;
+        if (argc < 2) {
+            /* No local path was specified. */
+            srcarg = NULL;
+        } else if (argc >= 2 && strcmp(argv[1], "-l") == 0) {
+            listonly = 1;
+            if (argc == 3) {
+                srcarg = argv[2];
+            } else {
+                srcarg = NULL;
+            }
+        } else if (argc == 2) {
+            /* A local path or "android"/"data" arg was specified. */
+            srcarg = argv[1];
+        } else {
+            return usage();
+        }
+        ret = find_sync_dirs(srcarg, &android_srcpath, &data_srcpath, &vendor_srcpath);
+        if (ret != 0) return usage();
+
+        if (android_srcpath != NULL)
+            ret = do_sync_sync(android_srcpath, "/system", listonly);
+        if (ret == 0 && vendor_srcpath != NULL)
+            ret = do_sync_sync(vendor_srcpath, "/vendor", listonly);
+        if (ret == 0 && data_srcpath != NULL)
+            ret = do_sync_sync(data_srcpath, "/data", listonly);
+
+        free(android_srcpath);
+        free(vendor_srcpath);
+        free(data_srcpath);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    /* passthrough commands */
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"get-state") ||
+        !strcmp(argv[0],"get-serialno") ||
+        !strcmp(argv[0],"get-devpath"))
+    {
+        char *tmp;
+
+        format_host_command(buf, sizeof buf, argv[0], ttype, serial);
+        tmp = adb_query(buf);
+        if (tmp) {
+            printf("%s\n", tmp);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    /* other commands */
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"status-window")) {
+        status_window(ttype, serial);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"logcat") || !strcmp(argv[0],"lolcat") || !strcmp(argv[0],"longcat")) {
+        return logcat(ttype, serial, argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0],"ppp")) {
+        return ppp(argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "start-server")) {
+        return adb_connect("host:start-server");
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "backup")) {
+        return backup(argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "restore")) {
+        return restore(argc, argv);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "keygen")) {
+        if (argc < 2) return usage();
+        return adb_auth_keygen(argv[1]);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "jdwp")) {
+        int  fd = adb_connect("jdwp");
+        if (fd >= 0) {
+            read_and_dump(fd);
+            adb_close(fd);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", adb_error());
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    /* "adb /?" is a common idiom under Windows */
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "help") || !strcmp(argv[0], "/?")) {
+        help();
+        return 0;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "version")) {
+        version(stdout);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    usage();
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#define MAX_ARGV_LENGTH 16
+static int do_cmd(transport_type ttype, const char* serial, const char *cmd, ...)
+{
+    const char *argv[MAX_ARGV_LENGTH];
+    int argc;
+    va_list ap;
+
+    va_start(ap, cmd);
+    argc = 0;
+
+    if (serial) {
+        argv[argc++] = "-s";
+        argv[argc++] = serial;
+    } else if (ttype == kTransportUsb) {
+        argv[argc++] = "-d";
+    } else if (ttype == kTransportLocal) {
+        argv[argc++] = "-e";
+    }
+
+    argv[argc++] = cmd;
+    while(argc < MAX_ARGV_LENGTH &&
+        (argv[argc] = va_arg(ap, char*)) != 0) argc++;
+    assert(argc < MAX_ARGV_LENGTH);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+#if 0
+    int n;
+    fprintf(stderr,"argc = %d\n",argc);
+    for(n = 0; n < argc; n++) {
+        fprintf(stderr,"argv[%d] = \"%s\"\n", n, argv[n]);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return adb_commandline(argc, argv);
+}
+
+int find_sync_dirs(const char *srcarg,
+        char **android_srcdir_out, char **data_srcdir_out, char **vendor_srcdir_out)
+{
+    char *android_srcdir = NULL, *data_srcdir = NULL, *vendor_srcdir = NULL;
+    struct stat st;
+
+    if(srcarg == NULL) {
+        android_srcdir = product_file("system");
+        data_srcdir = product_file("data");
+        vendor_srcdir = product_file("vendor");
+        /* Check if vendor partition exists */
+        if (lstat(vendor_srcdir, &st) || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+            vendor_srcdir = NULL;
+    } else {
+        /* srcarg may be "data", "system" or NULL.
+         * if srcarg is NULL, then both data and system are synced
+         */
+        if(strcmp(srcarg, "system") == 0) {
+            android_srcdir = product_file("system");
+        } else if(strcmp(srcarg, "data") == 0) {
+            data_srcdir = product_file("data");
+        } else if(strcmp(srcarg, "vendor") == 0) {
+            vendor_srcdir = product_file("vendor");
+        } else {
+            /* It's not "system", "vendor", or "data".
+             */
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(android_srcdir_out != NULL)
+        *android_srcdir_out = android_srcdir;
+    else
+        free(android_srcdir);
+
+    if(vendor_srcdir_out != NULL)
+        *vendor_srcdir_out = vendor_srcdir;
+    else
+        free(vendor_srcdir);
+
+    if(data_srcdir_out != NULL)
+            *data_srcdir_out = data_srcdir;
+        else
+            free(data_srcdir);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int pm_command(transport_type transport, const char* serial,
+                      int argc, const char** argv)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "shell:pm");
+
+    while(argc-- > 0) {
+        char *quoted = escape_arg(*argv++);
+        strncat(buf, " ", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        free(quoted);
+    }
+
+    send_shellcommand(transport, serial, buf);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int uninstall_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                  const char** argv)
+{
+    /* if the user choose the -k option, we refuse to do it until devices are
+       out with the option to uninstall the remaining data somehow (adb/ui) */
+    if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "-k") == 0)
+    {
+        printf(
+            "The -k option uninstalls the application while retaining the data/cache.\n"
+            "At the moment, there is no way to remove the remaining data.\n"
+            "You will have to reinstall the application with the same signature, and fully uninstall it.\n"
+            "If you truly wish to continue, execute 'adb shell pm uninstall -k %s'\n", argv[2]);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* 'adb uninstall' takes the same arguments as 'pm uninstall' on device */
+    return pm_command(transport, serial, argc, argv);
+}
+
+static int delete_file(transport_type transport, const char* serial, char* filename)
+{
+    char buf[4096];
+    char* quoted;
+
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "shell:rm -f ");
+    quoted = escape_arg(filename);
+    strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf)-1);
+    free(quoted);
+
+    send_shellcommand(transport, serial, buf);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const char* get_basename(const char* filename)
+{
+    const char* basename = adb_dirstop(filename);
+    if (basename) {
+        basename++;
+        return basename;
+    } else {
+        return filename;
+    }
+}
+
+int install_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                const char** argv)
+{
+    static const char *const DATA_DEST = "/data/local/tmp/%s";
+    static const char *const SD_DEST = "/sdcard/tmp/%s";
+    const char* where = DATA_DEST;
+    int i;
+    struct stat sb;
+
+    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-s")) {
+            where = SD_DEST;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Find last APK argument.
+    // All other arguments passed through verbatim.
+    int last_apk = -1;
+    for (i = argc - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const char* file = argv[i];
+        char* dot = strrchr(file, '.');
+        if (dot && !strcasecmp(dot, ".apk")) {
+            if (stat(file, &sb) == -1 || !S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Invalid APK file: %s\n", file);
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            last_apk = i;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (last_apk == -1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Missing APK file\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    const char* apk_file = argv[last_apk];
+    char apk_dest[PATH_MAX];
+    snprintf(apk_dest, sizeof apk_dest, where, get_basename(apk_file));
+    int err = do_sync_push(apk_file, apk_dest, 0 /* no show progress */);
+    if (err) {
+        goto cleanup_apk;
+    } else {
+        argv[last_apk] = apk_dest; /* destination name, not source location */
+    }
+
+    pm_command(transport, serial, argc, argv);
+
+cleanup_apk:
+    delete_file(transport, serial, apk_dest);
+    return err;
+}
+
+int install_multiple_app(transport_type transport, const char* serial, int argc,
+                         const char** argv)
+{
+    char buf[1024];
+    int i;
+    struct stat sb;
+    unsigned long long total_size = 0;
+
+    // Find all APK arguments starting at end.
+    // All other arguments passed through verbatim.
+    int first_apk = -1;
+    for (i = argc - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const char* file = argv[i];
+        char* dot = strrchr(file, '.');
+        if (dot && !strcasecmp(dot, ".apk")) {
+            if (stat(file, &sb) == -1 || !S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Invalid APK file: %s\n", file);
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            total_size += sb.st_size;
+            first_apk = i;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (first_apk == -1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Missing APK file\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "exec:pm install-create -S %lld", total_size);
+    for (i = 1; i < first_apk; i++) {
+        char *quoted = escape_arg(argv[i]);
+        strncat(buf, " ", sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        strncat(buf, quoted, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        free(quoted);
+    }
+
+    // Create install session
+    int fd = adb_connect(buf);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Connect error for create: %s\n", adb_error());
+        return -1;
+    }
+    read_status_line(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+    adb_close(fd);
+
+    int session_id = -1;
+    if (!strncmp("Success", buf, 7)) {
+        char* start = strrchr(buf, '[');
+        char* end = strrchr(buf, ']');
+        if (start && end) {
+            *end = '\0';
+            session_id = strtol(start + 1, NULL, 10);
+        }
+    }
+    if (session_id < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create session\n");
+        fputs(buf, stderr);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Valid session, now stream the APKs
+    int success = 1;
+    for (i = first_apk; i < argc; i++) {
+        const char* file = argv[i];
+        if (stat(file, &sb) == -1) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to stat %s\n", file);
+            success = 0;
+            goto finalize_session;
+        }
+
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "exec:pm install-write -S %lld %d %d_%s -",
+                (long long int) sb.st_size, session_id, i, get_basename(file));
+
+        int localFd = adb_open(file, O_RDONLY);
+        if (localFd < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s: %s\n", file, adb_error());
+            success = 0;
+            goto finalize_session;
+        }
+
+        int remoteFd = adb_connect(buf);
+        if (remoteFd < 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Connect error for write: %s\n", adb_error());
+            adb_close(localFd);
+            success = 0;
+            goto finalize_session;
+        }
+
+        copy_to_file(localFd, remoteFd);
+        read_status_line(remoteFd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+
+        adb_close(localFd);
+        adb_close(remoteFd);
+
+        if (strncmp("Success", buf, 7)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write %s\n", file);
+            fputs(buf, stderr);
+            success = 0;
+            goto finalize_session;
+        }
+    }
+
+finalize_session:
+    // Commit session if we streamed everything okay; otherwise abandon
+    if (success) {
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "exec:pm install-commit %d", session_id);
+    } else {
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "exec:pm install-abandon %d", session_id);
+    }
+
+    fd = adb_connect(buf);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Connect error for finalize: %s\n", adb_error());
+        return -1;
+    }
+    read_status_line(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+    adb_close(fd);
+
+    if (!strncmp("Success", buf, 7)) {
+        fputs(buf, stderr);
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to finalize session\n");
+        fputs(buf, stderr);
+        return -1;
+    }
+}