Merge "adb: partially revert b5e11415."
diff --git a/adb/services.cpp b/adb/services.cpp
index dbf71d3..ca34556 100644
--- a/adb/services.cpp
+++ b/adb/services.cpp
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@
 
     sync();
 
+    if (!reboot_arg || !reboot_arg[0]) reboot_arg = "adb";
     std::string reboot_string = android::base::StringPrintf("reboot,%s", reboot_arg);
     if (!android::base::SetProperty(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, reboot_string)) {
         WriteFdFmt(fd, "reboot (%s) failed\n", reboot_string.c_str());
diff --git a/adb/set_verity_enable_state_service.cpp b/adb/set_verity_enable_state_service.cpp
index 253d14a..49e0363 100644
--- a/adb/set_verity_enable_state_service.cpp
+++ b/adb/set_verity_enable_state_service.cpp
@@ -93,21 +93,9 @@
 /* Helper function to get A/B suffix, if any. If the device isn't
  * using A/B the empty string is returned. Otherwise either "_a",
  * "_b", ... is returned.
- *
- * Note that since sometime in O androidboot.slot_suffix is deprecated
- * and androidboot.slot should be used instead. Since bootloaders may
- * be out of sync with the OS, we check both and for extra safety
- * prepend a leading underscore if there isn't one already.
  */
 static std::string get_ab_suffix() {
-    std::string ab_suffix = android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.slot_suffix", "");
-    if (ab_suffix == "") {
-        ab_suffix = android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.slot", "");
-    }
-    if (ab_suffix.size() > 0 && ab_suffix[0] != '_') {
-        ab_suffix = std::string("_") + ab_suffix;
-    }
-    return ab_suffix;
+    return android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.slot_suffix", "");
 }
 
 /* Use AVB to turn verity on/off */
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/logging.h b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
index 548b286..f93c696 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/logging.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
@@ -438,4 +438,36 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
+namespace std {
+
+// Emit a warning of ostream<< with std::string*. The intention was most likely to print *string.
+//
+// Note: for this to work, we need to have this in a namespace.
+// Note: lots of ifdef magic to make this work with Clang (platform) vs GCC (windows tools)
+// Note: using diagnose_if(true) under Clang and nothing under GCC/mingw as there is no common
+//       attribute support.
+// Note: using a pragma because "-Wgcc-compat" (included in "-Weverything") complains about
+//       diagnose_if.
+// Note: to print the pointer, use "<< static_cast<const void*>(string_pointer)" instead.
+// Note: a not-recommended alternative is to let Clang ignore the warning by adding
+//       -Wno-user-defined-warnings to CPPFLAGS.
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgcc-compat"
+#define OSTREAM_STRING_POINTER_USAGE_WARNING \
+    __attribute__((diagnose_if(true, "Unexpected logging of string pointer", "warning")))
+#else
+#define OSTREAM_STRING_POINTER_USAGE_WARNING /* empty */
+#endif
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const std::string* string_pointer)
+    OSTREAM_STRING_POINTER_USAGE_WARNING {
+  return stream << static_cast<const void*>(string_pointer);
+}
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+#undef OSTREAM_STRING_POINTER_USAGE_WARNING
+
+}  // namespace std
+
 #endif  // ANDROID_BASE_LOGGING_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
index c0bf0c1..07a5edd 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
   TemporaryFile();
   ~TemporaryFile();
 
+  // Release the ownership of fd, caller is reponsible for closing the
+  // fd or stream properly.
+  int release();
+
   int fd;
   char path[1024];
 
diff --git a/base/test_utils.cpp b/base/test_utils.cpp
index 636477d..1cfa9e6 100644
--- a/base/test_utils.cpp
+++ b/base/test_utils.cpp
@@ -85,10 +85,18 @@
 }
 
 TemporaryFile::~TemporaryFile() {
-  close(fd);
+  if (fd != -1) {
+    close(fd);
+  }
   unlink(path);
 }
 
+int TemporaryFile::release() {
+  int result = fd;
+  fd = -1;
+  return result;
+}
+
 void TemporaryFile::init(const std::string& tmp_dir) {
   snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%cTemporaryFile-XXXXXX", tmp_dir.c_str(),
            OS_PATH_SEPARATOR);
diff --git a/bootstat/Android.bp b/bootstat/Android.bp
index dd357ed..6734f4d 100644
--- a/bootstat/Android.bp
+++ b/bootstat/Android.bp
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
     name: "bootstat",
     defaults: ["bootstat_defaults"],
     static_libs: ["libbootstat"],
+    shared_libs: ["liblogcat"],
     init_rc: ["bootstat.rc"],
     srcs: ["bootstat.cpp"],
 }
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.cpp b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.cpp
index 99d9405..e2a4b04 100644
--- a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.cpp
@@ -58,16 +58,15 @@
 }
 
 void BootEventRecordStore::AddBootEvent(const std::string& event) {
-    auto uptime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
-        android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch());
-    AddBootEventWithValue(event, uptime.count());
+  auto uptime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
+      android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch());
+  AddBootEventWithValue(event, uptime.count());
 }
 
 // The implementation of AddBootEventValue makes use of the mtime file
 // attribute to store the value associated with a boot event in order to
 // optimize on-disk size requirements and small-file thrashing.
-void BootEventRecordStore::AddBootEventWithValue(
-    const std::string& event, int32_t value) {
+void BootEventRecordStore::AddBootEventWithValue(const std::string& event, int32_t value) {
   std::string record_path = GetBootEventPath(event);
   int record_fd = creat(record_path.c_str(), S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
   if (record_fd == -1) {
@@ -96,8 +95,7 @@
   close(record_fd);
 }
 
-bool BootEventRecordStore::GetBootEvent(
-    const std::string& event, BootEventRecord* record) const {
+bool BootEventRecordStore::GetBootEvent(const std::string& event, BootEventRecord* record) const {
   CHECK_NE(static_cast<BootEventRecord*>(nullptr), record);
   CHECK(!event.empty());
 
@@ -112,8 +110,7 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-std::vector<BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord> BootEventRecordStore::
-    GetAllBootEvents() const {
+std::vector<BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord> BootEventRecordStore::GetAllBootEvents() const {
   std::vector<BootEventRecord> events;
 
   std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(store_path_.c_str()), closedir);
@@ -147,8 +144,7 @@
   store_path_ = path;
 }
 
-std::string BootEventRecordStore::GetBootEventPath(
-    const std::string& event) const {
+std::string BootEventRecordStore::GetBootEventPath(const std::string& event) const {
   DCHECK_EQ('/', store_path_.back());
   return store_path_ + event;
 }
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.h b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.h
index a2b8318..f872c85 100644
--- a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.h
+++ b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store.h
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@
 #ifndef BOOT_EVENT_RECORD_STORE_H_
 #define BOOT_EVENT_RECORD_STORE_H_
 
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest_prod.h>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
-#include <android-base/macros.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest_prod.h>
 
 // BootEventRecordStore manages the persistence of boot events to the record
 // store and the retrieval of all boot event records from the store.
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
index d98169b..4b7ab36 100644
--- a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
@@ -94,20 +94,16 @@
 
 // Returns the time in seconds since boot.
 time_t GetUptimeSeconds() {
-    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
-               android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
-        .count();
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
+             android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
+      .count();
 }
 
 class BootEventRecordStoreTest : public ::testing::Test {
  public:
-  BootEventRecordStoreTest() {
-    store_path_ = std::string(store_dir_.path) + "/";
-  }
+  BootEventRecordStoreTest() { store_path_ = std::string(store_dir_.path) + "/"; }
 
-  const std::string& GetStorePathForTesting() const {
-    return store_path_;
-  }
+  const std::string& GetStorePathForTesting() const { return store_path_; }
 
  private:
   void TearDown() {
@@ -159,9 +155,7 @@
   store.AddBootEvent("triassic");
 
   const std::string EXPECTED_NAMES[] = {
-    "cretaceous",
-    "jurassic",
-    "triassic",
+      "cretaceous", "jurassic", "triassic",
   };
 
   auto events = store.GetAllBootEvents();
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh b/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b76011a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,755 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+#
+# Bootstat boot reason tests
+#
+# throughout testing:
+# - manual tests can only run on eng/userdebug builds
+# - watch adb logcat -b all -d -s bootstat
+# - watch adb logcat -b all -d | audit2allow
+# - wait until screen is up, boot has completed, can mean wait for
+#   sys.boot_completed=1 and sys.logbootcomplete=1 to be true
+#
+# All test frames, and nothing else, must be function names prefixed and
+# specifiged with the pattern 'test_<test>() {' as this is also how the
+# script discovers the full list of tests by inspecting its own code.
+#
+
+# Helper variables
+
+SPACE=" "
+ESCAPE=""
+TAB="	"
+GREEN="${ESCAPE}[38;5;40m"
+RED="${ESCAPE}[38;5;196m"
+NORMAL="${ESCAPE}[0m"
+
+# Helper functions
+
+[ "USAGE: inFastboot
+
+Returns: true if device is in fastboot mode" ]
+inFastboot() {
+  fastboot devices | grep "^${ANDROID_SERIAL}[${SPACE}${TAB}]" > /dev/null
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: format_duration <seconds>
+
+human readable output whole seconds, whole minutes or mm:ss" ]
+format_duration() {
+  if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
+    echo unknown
+    return
+  fi
+  seconds=`expr ${1} % 60`
+  minutes=`expr ${1} / 60`
+  if [ 0 -eq ${minutes} ]; then
+    if [ 1 -eq ${1} ]; then
+      echo 1 second
+      return
+    fi
+    echo ${1} seconds
+    return
+  elif [ 60 -eq ${1} ]; then
+    echo 1 minute
+    return
+  elif [ 0 -eq ${seconds} ]; then
+    echo ${minutes} minutes
+    return
+  fi
+  echo ${minutes}:`expr ${seconds} / 10``expr ${seconds} % 10`
+}
+
+wait_for_screen_timeout=900
+[ "USAGE: wait_for_screen [-n] [TIMEOUT]
+
+-n - echo newline at exit
+TIMEOUT - default `format_duration ${wait_for_screen_timeout}`" ]
+wait_for_screen() {
+  exit_function=true
+  if [ X"-n" = X"${1}" ]; then
+    exit_function=echo
+    shift
+  fi
+  timeout=${wait_for_screen_timeout}
+  if [ ${#} -gt 0 ]; then
+    timeout=${1}
+    shift
+  fi
+  counter=0
+  while true; do
+    [ 0 = ${counter} ] ||
+      adb wait-for-device </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+    vals=`adb shell getprop </dev/null 2>/dev/null |
+          sed -n 's/[[]sys[.]\(boot_completed\|logbootcomplete\)[]]: [[]\([01]\)[]]$/\1=\2/p'`
+    [ 0 = ${counter} ] ||
+      sleep 1
+    if [ "${vals}" = "`echo boot_completed=1 ; echo logbootcomplete=1`" ]; then
+      break
+    fi
+    if [ "${vals}" = "`echo logbootcomplete=1 ; echo boot_completed=1`" ]; then
+      break
+    fi
+    counter=`expr ${counter} + 1`
+    if [ ${counter} -gt ${timeout} ]; then
+      ${exit_function}
+      echo "ERROR: wait_for_screen() timed out (`format_duration ${timeout}`)" >&2
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+  ${exit_function}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: EXPECT_EQ <lval> <rval> [message]
+
+Returns true if (regex) lval matches rval" ]
+EXPECT_EQ() {
+  lval="${1}"
+  rval="${2}"
+  shift 2
+  if ! ( echo X"${rval}" | grep '^X'"${lval}"'$' >/dev/null 2>/dev/null ); then
+    echo "ERROR: expected \"${lval}\" got \"${rval}\"" >&2
+    if [ -n "${*}" ] ; then
+      echo "       ${*}" >&2
+    fi
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ -n "${*}" ] ; then
+    if [ X"${lval}" != X"${rval}" ]; then
+      echo "INFO: ok \"${lval}\"(=\"${rval}\") ${*}" >&2
+    else
+      echo "INFO: ok \"${lval}\" ${*}" >&2
+    fi
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: EXPECT_PROPERTY <prop> <value>
+
+Returns true if current return (regex) value is true and the result matches" ]
+EXPECT_PROPERTY() {
+  save_ret=${?}
+  property="${1}"
+  value="${2}"
+  shift 2
+  val=`adb shell getprop ${property} 2>&1`
+  EXPECT_EQ "${value}" "${val}" for Android property ${property} ||
+    save_ret=${?}
+  return ${save_ret}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: report_bootstat_logs <expected> ...
+
+if not prefixed with a minus (-), <expected> will become a series of expected
+matches:
+
+    bootstat: Canonical boot reason: <expected_property_value>
+
+If prefixed with a minus, <expected> will look for an exact match after
+removing the minux prefix.  All expected content is _dropped_ from the output
+and in essence forms a known blacklist, unexpected content will show.
+
+Report any logs, minus a known blacklist, preserve the current exit status" ]
+report_bootstat_logs() {
+  save_ret=${?}
+  match=
+  for i in ${*}; do
+    if [ X"${i}" != X"${i#-}" ] ; then
+      match="${match}
+${i#-}"
+    else
+      match="${match}
+bootstat: Canonical boot reason: ${i}"
+    fi
+  done
+  adb logcat -b all -d |
+  grep bootstat[^e] |
+  grep -v -F "bootstat: Service started: /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete${match}
+bootstat: Failed to read /data/misc/bootstat/post_decrypt_time_elapsed: No such file or directory
+bootstat: Failed to parse boot time record: /data/misc/bootstat/post_decrypt_time_elapsed
+bootstat: Service started: /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_reason
+bootstat: Service started: /system/bin/bootstat --record_time_since_factory_reset
+bootstat: Service started: /system/bin/bootstat -l
+bootstat: Battery level at shutdown 100%
+bootstat: Battery level at startup 100%
+init    : Parsing file /system/etc/init/bootstat.rc...
+init    : processing action (post-fs-data) from (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc
+init    : processing action (boot) from (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc
+init    : processing action (ro.boot.bootreason=*) from (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc
+init    : processing action (sys.boot_completed=1 && sys.logbootcomplete=1) from (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete --record_boot_reason --record_time_since_factory_reset -l)'
+ (/system/bin/bootstat -r post_decrypt_time_elapsed)'
+init    : Command 'exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete' action=sys.boot_completed=1 && sys.logbootcomplete=1 (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc:
+init    : Command 'exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_reason' action=sys.boot_completed=1 && sys.logbootcomplete=1 (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc:
+init    : Command 'exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_time_since_factory_reset' action=sys.boot_completed=1 && sys.logbootcomplete=1 (/system/etc/init/bootstat.rc:
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete)'...
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete)' (pid${SPACE}
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_reason)'...
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_reason)' (pid${SPACE}
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_time_since_factory_reset)'...
+ (/system/bin/bootstat --record_time_since_factory_reset)' (pid${SPACE}
+ (/system/bin/bootstat -l)'...
+ (/system/bin/bootstat -l)' (pid " |
+  grep -v 'bootstat: Unknown boot reason: $' # Hikey Special
+  return ${save_ret}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: start_test [message]
+
+Record start of test, preserve exit status" ]
+start_test() {
+  save_ret=${?}
+  START=`date +%s`
+  echo "${GREEN}[ RUN      ]${NORMAL} ${TEST} ${*}"
+  return ${save_ret}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: end_test [message]
+
+Document duration and success of test, preserve exit status" ]
+end_test() {
+  save_ret=${?}
+  END=`date +%s`
+  duration=`expr ${END} - ${START} 2>/dev/null`
+  [ 0 = ${duration} ] ||
+    echo INFO: ${TEST} test duration `format_duration ${duration}` >&2
+  if [ ${save_ret} = 0 ]; then
+    echo "${GREEN}[       OK ]${NORMAL} ${TEST} ${*}"
+  else
+    echo "${RED}[  FAILED  ]${NORMAL} ${TEST} ${*}"
+  fi
+  return ${save_ret}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: wrap_test <test> [message]
+
+All tests below are wrapped with this helper" ]
+wrap_test() {
+  if [ -z "${1}" -o X"nothing" = X"${1}" ]; then
+    return
+  fi
+  TEST=${1}
+  shift
+  start_test ${1}
+  eval test_${TEST}
+  end_test ${2}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: validate_property <property>
+
+Check property for CTS compliance with our expectations. Return a cleansed
+string representing what is acceptable.
+
+NB: must roughly match heuristics in system/core/bootstat/bootstat.cpp" ]
+validate_property() {
+  var=`adb shell getprop ${1} 2>&1`
+  var=`echo -n ${var} |
+       tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' |
+       tr ' \f\t\r\n' '_____'`
+  case ${var} in
+    watchdog) ;;
+    watchdog,?*) ;;
+    kernel_panic) ;;
+    kernel_panic,?*) ;;
+    recovery) ;;
+    recovery,?*) ;;
+    bootloader) ;;
+    bootloader,?*) ;;
+    cold) ;;
+    cold,?*) ;;
+    hard) ;;
+    hard,?*) ;;
+    warm) ;;
+    warm,?*) ;;
+    shutdown) ;;
+    shutdown,?*) ;;
+    reboot) ;;
+    reboot,?*) ;;
+    # Aliases
+    *wdog* | *watchdog* )     var="watchdog" ;;
+    *powerkey* )              var="cold,powerkey" ;;
+    *panic* | *kernel_panic*) var="kernel_panic" ;;
+    *thermal*)                var="shutdown,thermal" ;;
+    *s3_wakeup*)              var="warm,s3_wakeup" ;;
+    *hw_reset*)               var="hard,hw_reset" ;;
+    *bootloader*)             var="bootloader" ;;
+    ?*)                       var="reboot,${var}" ;;
+    *)                        var="reboot" ;;
+  esac
+  echo ${var}
+}
+
+#
+# Actual test frames
+#
+
+[ "USAGE: test_properties
+
+properties test
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop ro.boot.bootreason (bootloader reason)
+- adb shell getprop persist.sys.boot.reason (last reason)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason (system reason)
+- NB: all should have a value that is compliant with our known set." ]
+test_properties() {
+  wait_for_screen
+  retval=0
+  check_set="ro.boot.bootreason persist.sys.boot.reason sys.boot.reason"
+  bootloader=""
+  # NB: this test could fail if performed _after_ optional_factory_reset test
+  # and will report
+  #  ERROR: expected "reboot" got ""
+  #        for Android property persist.sys.boot.reason
+  # following is mitigation for the persist.sys.boot.reason, skip it
+  if [ "reboot,factory_reset" = `validate_property ro.boot_bootreason` ]; then
+    check_set="ro.boot.bootreason sys.boot.reason"
+    bootloader="bootloader"
+  fi
+  for prop in ${check_set}; do
+    reason=`validate_property ${prop}`
+    EXPECT_PROPERTY ${prop} ${reason} || retval=${?}
+  done
+  # sys.boot.reason is last for a reason
+  report_bootstat_logs ${reason} ${bootloader}
+  return ${retval}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_ota
+
+ota test
+- rm out/.kati_stamp-* out/build_date.txt out/build_number.txt
+- rm out/target/product/*/*/*.prop
+- rm -r out/target/product/*/obj/ETC/system_build_prop_intermediates
+- m
+- NB: ro.build.date.utc should update
+- fastboot flashall
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report ota
+
+Decision to change the build itself rather than trick bootstat by
+rummaging through its data files was made." ]
+test_ota() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test about 5 minutes or more" >&2
+  echo "      extended by build and flashing times" >&2
+  if [ -z "${TARGET_PRODUCT}" -o \
+       -z "${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}" -o \
+       -z "${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}" -o \
+       -z "${TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT}" ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: Missing envsetup.sh and lunch" >&2
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT%/out/*}/out/.kati_stamp-* ||
+    true
+  rm ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT%/out/*}/out/build_date.txt ||
+    true
+  rm ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT%/out/*}/out/build_number.txt ||
+    true
+  rm ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/*/*.prop ||
+    true
+  rm -r ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/obj/ETC/system_build_prop_intermediates ||
+    true
+  pushd ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP} >&2
+  make -j50 >&2
+  if [ ${?} != 0 ]; then
+    popd >&2
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if ! inFastboot; then
+    adb reboot-bootloader >&2
+  fi
+  fastboot flashall >&2
+  popd >&2
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason "\(reboot,ota\|bootloader\)"
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,bootloader
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,ota bootloader
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_optional_ota
+
+fast and fake (touch build_date on device to make it different)" ]
+test_optional_ota() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test about 45 seconds" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: ${TEST} requires userdebug build" >&2
+  adb shell su root touch /data/misc/bootstat/build_date >&2
+  adb reboot ota
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,ota
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,ota
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,ota
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: [TEST=<test>] blind_reboot_test [<match>]
+
+Simple tests helper
+- adb reboot <test>
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report <test>, or overriden <match>
+
+We interleave the simple reboot tests between the hard/complex ones
+as a means of checking sanity and any persistent side effect of the
+other tests." ]
+blind_reboot_test() {
+  if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
+    set ${TEST}
+  fi
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly 45 seconds" >&2
+  adb reboot ${TEST}
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason ${1}
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,${TEST}
+  report_bootstat_logs ${1}
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_cold
+
+cold test
+- adb reboot cold
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report cold" ]
+test_cold() {
+  blind_reboot_test
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_factory_reset
+
+factory_reset test
+- adb shell su root rm /data/misc/bootstat/build_date
+- adb reboot
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report factory_reset
+
+Decision to rummage through bootstat data files was made as
+a _real_ factory_reset is too destructive to the device." ]
+test_factory_reset() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly 45 seconds" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: ${TEST} requires userdebug build" >&2
+  adb shell su root rm /data/misc/bootstat/build_date >&2
+  adb reboot >&2
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,factory_reset
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason "reboot,.*"
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,factory_reset reboot, reboot,adb \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to read /data/misc/bootstat/build_date: No such file or directory" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to parse boot time record: /data/misc/bootstat/build_date"
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_optional_factory_reset
+
+factory_reset test
+- adb reboot-bootloader
+- fastboot format userdata
+- fastboot reboot
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report factory_reset
+
+For realz, and disruptive" ]
+test_optional_factory_reset() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly a minute" >&2
+  if ! inFastboot; then
+    adb reboot-bootloader
+  fi
+  fastboot format userdata >&2
+  fastboot reboot >&2
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,factory_reset
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason ""
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,factory_reset bootloader \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to read /data/misc/bootstat/last_boot_time_utc: No such file or directory" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to parse boot time record: /data/misc/bootstat/last_boot_time_utc" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to read /data/misc/bootstat/build_date: No such file or directory" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to parse boot time record: /data/misc/bootstat/build_date" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to read /data/misc/bootstat/factory_reset: No such file or directory" \
+    "-bootstat: Failed to parse boot time record: /data/misc/bootstat/factory_reset"
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_hard
+
+hard test:
+- adb reboot hard
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report hard" ]
+test_hard() {
+  blind_reboot_test
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_battery
+
+battery test (trick):
+- echo healthd: battery l=2<space> | adb shell su root tee /dev/kmsg
+- adb reboot cold
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,battery, unless healthd managed to log
+  before reboot in above trick.
+
+- Bonus points (manual extras)
+- Make sure the following is added to the /init.rc file in post-fs
+  section before logd is started:
+    +    setprop logd.kernel false
+    +    rm /sys/fs/pstore/console-ramoops
+    +    rm /sys/fs/pstore/console-ramoops-0
+    +    write /dev/kmsg \"healthd: battery l=2${SPACE}
+    +\"
+- adb reboot fs
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,battery
+- (replace set logd.kernel true to the above, and retry test)" ]
+test_battery() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly two minutes" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: ${TEST} requires userdebug build" >&2
+  # Send it _many_ times to combat devices with flakey pstore
+  for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z; do
+    echo 'healthd: battery l=2 ' | adb shell su root tee /dev/kmsg >/dev/null
+  done
+  adb reboot cold >&2
+  adb wait-for-device
+  wait_for_screen
+  adb shell su root \
+    cat /proc/fs/pstore/console-ramoops \
+        /proc/fs/pstore/console-ramoops-0 2>/dev/null |
+    grep 'healthd: battery l=' |
+    tail -1 |
+    grep 'healthd: battery l=2 ' >/dev/null || (
+      if ! EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,battery >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
+        # retry
+        for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z; do
+          echo 'healthd: battery l=2 ' | adb shell su root tee /dev/kmsg >/dev/null
+        done
+        adb reboot cold >&2
+        adb wait-for-device
+        wait_for_screen
+      fi
+    )
+
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason shutdown,battery
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,cold
+  report_bootstat_logs shutdown,battery "-bootstat: Battery level at shutdown 2%"
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_unknown
+
+unknown test
+- adb reboot unknown
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,unknown
+- NB: expect log \"... I bootstat: Unknown boot reason: reboot,unknown\"" ]
+test_unknown() {
+  blind_reboot_test reboot,unknown
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_kernel_panic
+
+kernel_panic test:
+- echo c | adb shell su root tee /proc/sysrq-trigger
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report kernel_panic,sysrq" ]
+test_kernel_panic() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test > 2 minutes" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: ${TEST} requires userdebug build" >&2
+  echo c | adb shell su root tee /proc/sysrq-trigger >/dev/null
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason kernel_panic,sysrq
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason kernel_panic,sysrq
+  report_bootstat_logs kernel_panic,sysrq
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_warm
+
+warm test
+- adb reboot warm
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report warm" ]
+test_warm() {
+  blind_reboot_test
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_thermal_shutdown
+
+thermal shutdown test:
+- adb shell setprop sys.powerctl shutdown,thermal
+- (power up the device)
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report shutdown,thermal" ]
+test_thermal_shutdown() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly a minute plus" >&2
+  echo "      power on request" >&2
+  adb shell setprop sys.powerctl shutdown,thermal
+  sleep 5
+  echo -n "WARNING: Please power device back up, waiting ... " >&2
+  wait_for_screen -n >&2
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason shutdown,thermal
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason shutdown,thermal
+  report_bootstat_logs shutdown,thermal
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_userrequested_shutdown
+
+userrequested shutdown test:
+- adb shell setprop sys.powerctl shutdown,userrequested
+- (power up the device)
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report shutdown,userrequested" ]
+test_userrequested_shutdown() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly a minute plus" >&2
+  echo "      power on request" >&2
+  adb shell setprop sys.powerctl shutdown,userrequested
+  sleep 5
+  echo -n "WARNING: Please power device back up, waiting ... " >&2
+  wait_for_screen -n >&2
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason shutdown,userrequested
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason shutdown,userrequested
+  report_bootstat_logs shutdown,userrequested
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_shell_reboot
+
+shell reboot test:
+- adb shell reboot
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,shell" ]
+test_shell_reboot() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly 45 seconds" >&2
+  adb shell reboot
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,shell
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,shell
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,shell
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_adb_reboot
+
+adb reboot test:
+- adb reboot
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,adb" ]
+test_adb_reboot() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly 45 seconds" >&2
+  adb reboot
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,adb
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,adb
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,adb
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: test_Its_Just_So_Hard_reboot
+
+Its Just So Hard reboot test:
+- adb shell reboot 'Its Just So Hard'
+- (wait until screen is up, boot has completed)
+- adb shell getprop sys.boot.reason
+- NB: should report reboot,its_just_so_hard
+- NB: expect log \"... I bootstat: Unknown boot reason: reboot,its_just_so_hard\"" ]
+test_Its_Just_So_Hard_reboot() {
+  echo "INFO: expected duration of ${TEST} test roughly 45 seconds" >&2
+  echo "INFO: ${TEST} cleanup requires userdebug build" >&2
+  adb shell 'reboot "Its Just So Hard"'
+  wait_for_screen
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY sys.boot.reason reboot,its_just_so_hard
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason "reboot,Its Just So Hard"
+  adb shell su root setprop persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,its_just_so_hard
+  EXPECT_PROPERTY persist.sys.boot.reason reboot,its_just_so_hard
+  report_bootstat_logs reboot,its_just_so_hard
+}
+
+[ "USAGE: ${0##*/} [-s SERIAL] [tests]
+
+Mainline executive to run the above tests" ]
+
+# Rudimentary argument parsing
+
+if [ ${#} -ge 2 -a X"-s" = X"${1}" ]; then
+  export ANDROID_SERIAL="${2}"
+  shift 2
+fi
+
+if [ X"--help" = X"${1}" -o X"-h" = X"${1}" -o X"-?" = X"${1}" ]; then
+  echo "USAGE: ${0##*/} [-s SERIAL] [tests]"
+  echo tests - `sed -n 's/^test_\([^ ()]*\)() {/\1/p' $0 </dev/null`
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# Check if all conditions for the script are sane
+
+if [ -z "${ANDROID_SERIAL}" ]; then
+  ndev=`(
+      adb devices | grep -v 'List of devices attached'
+      fastboot devices
+    ) |
+    grep -v "^[${SPACE}${TAB}]*\$" |
+    wc -l`
+  if [ ${ndev} -gt 1 ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: no target device specified, ${ndev} connected" >&2
+    echo "${RED}[  FAILED  ]${NORMAL}"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  echo "WARNING: no target device specified" >&2
+fi
+
+ret=0
+
+# Test Series
+if [ X"all" = X"${*}" ]; then
+  # automagically pick up all test_<function>s.
+  eval set nothing `sed -n 's/^test_\([^ ()]*\)() {/\1/p' $0 </dev/null`
+  if [ X"nothing" = X"${1}" ]; then
+    shift 1
+  fi
+fi
+if [ -z "$*" ]; then
+  # automagically pick up all test_<function>, except test_optional_<function>.
+  eval set nothing `sed -n 's/^test_\([^ ()]*\)() {/\1/p' $0 </dev/null |
+                            grep -v '^optional_'`
+  if [ -z "${2}" ]; then
+    # Hard coded should shell fail to find them above (search/permission issues)
+    eval set ota cold factory_reset hard battery unknown kernel_panic warm \
+             thermal_shutdown userrequested_shutdown shell_reboot adb_reboot
+  fi
+  if [ X"nothing" = X"${1}" ]; then
+    shift 1
+  fi
+fi
+echo "INFO: selected test(s): ${@}" >&2
+echo
+failures=
+successes=
+for t in "${@}"; do
+  wrap_test ${t}
+  retval=${?}
+  if [ 0 = ${retval} ]; then
+    if [ -z "${successes}" ]; then
+      successes=${t}
+    else
+      successes="${successes} ${t}"
+    fi
+  else
+    ret=${retval}
+    if [ -z "${failures}" ]; then
+      failures=${t}
+    else
+      failures="${failures} ${t}"
+    fi
+  fi
+  echo
+done
+
+if [ -n "${successes}" ]; then
+  echo "${GREEN}[  PASSED  ]${NORMAL} ${successes}"
+fi
+if [ -n "${failures}" ]; then
+  echo "${RED}[  FAILED  ]${NORMAL} ${failures}"
+fi
+exit ${ret}
diff --git a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
index bd611f0..7c0b15e 100644
--- a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 // uploaded to Android log storage via Tron.
 
 #include <getopt.h>
+#include <sys/klog.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
@@ -32,11 +33,14 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
+#include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android/log.h>
+#include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <log/logcat.h>
 #include <metricslogger/metrics_logger.h>
 
 #include "boot_event_record_store.h"
@@ -57,8 +61,7 @@
 // Records the named boot |event| to the record store. If |value| is non-empty
 // and is a proper string representation of an integer value, the converted
 // integer value is associated with the boot event.
-void RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(
-    const std::string& event, const std::string& value_str) {
+void RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(const std::string& event, const std::string& value_str) {
   BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
   if (!value_str.empty()) {
     int32_t value = 0;
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-void ShowHelp(const char *cmd) {
+void ShowHelp(const char* cmd) {
   fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options]\n", cmd);
   fprintf(stderr,
           "options include:\n"
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@
 
 // Constructs a readable, printable string from the givencommand line
 // arguments.
-std::string GetCommandLine(int argc, char **argv) {
+std::string GetCommandLine(int argc, char** argv) {
   std::string cmd;
   for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
     cmd += argv[i];
@@ -118,6 +121,14 @@
   return std::string(&temp[0], len);
 }
 
+void SetProperty(const char* key, const std::string& val) {
+  property_set(key, val.c_str());
+}
+
+void SetProperty(const char* key, const char* val) {
+  property_set(key, val);
+}
+
 constexpr int32_t kUnknownBootReason = 1;
 
 // A mapping from boot reason string, as read from the ro.boot.bootreason
@@ -125,57 +136,74 @@
 // the boot_reason metric may refer to this mapping to discern the histogram
 // values.
 const std::map<std::string, int32_t> kBootReasonMap = {
-  {"unknown", kUnknownBootReason},
-  {"normal", 2},
-  {"recovery", 3},
-  {"reboot", 4},
-  {"PowerKey", 5},
-  {"hard_reset", 6},
-  {"kernel_panic", 7},
-  {"rpm_err", 8},
-  {"hw_reset", 9},
-  {"tz_err", 10},
-  {"adsp_err", 11},
-  {"modem_err", 12},
-  {"mba_err", 13},
-  {"Watchdog", 14},
-  {"Panic", 15},
-  {"power_key", 16},
-  {"power_on", 17},
-  {"Reboot", 18},
-  {"rtc", 19},
-  {"edl", 20},
-  {"oem_pon1", 21},
-  {"oem_powerkey", 22},
-  {"oem_unknown_reset", 23},
-  {"srto: HWWDT reset SC", 24},
-  {"srto: HWWDT reset platform", 25},
-  {"srto: bootloader", 26},
-  {"srto: kernel panic", 27},
-  {"srto: kernel watchdog reset", 28},
-  {"srto: normal", 29},
-  {"srto: reboot", 30},
-  {"srto: reboot-bootloader", 31},
-  {"srto: security watchdog reset", 32},
-  {"srto: wakesrc", 33},
-  {"srto: watchdog", 34},
-  {"srto:1-1", 35},
-  {"srto:omap_hsmm", 36},
-  {"srto:phy0", 37},
-  {"srto:rtc0", 38},
-  {"srto:touchpad", 39},
-  {"watchdog", 40},
-  {"watchdogr", 41},
-  {"wdog_bark", 42},
-  {"wdog_bite", 43},
-  {"wdog_reset", 44},
-  {"shutdown,", 45},  // Trailing comma is intentional.
-  {"shutdown,userrequested", 46},
-  {"reboot,bootloader", 47},
-  {"reboot,cold", 48},
-  {"reboot,recovery", 49},
-  {"thermal_shutdown", 50},
-  {"s3_wakeup", 51}
+    {"unknown", kUnknownBootReason},
+    {"normal", 2},
+    {"recovery", 3},
+    {"reboot", 4},
+    {"PowerKey", 5},
+    {"hard_reset", 6},
+    {"kernel_panic", 7},
+    {"rpm_err", 8},
+    {"hw_reset", 9},
+    {"tz_err", 10},
+    {"adsp_err", 11},
+    {"modem_err", 12},
+    {"mba_err", 13},
+    {"Watchdog", 14},
+    {"Panic", 15},
+    {"power_key", 16},
+    {"power_on", 17},
+    {"Reboot", 18},
+    {"rtc", 19},
+    {"edl", 20},
+    {"oem_pon1", 21},
+    {"oem_powerkey", 22},
+    {"oem_unknown_reset", 23},
+    {"srto: HWWDT reset SC", 24},
+    {"srto: HWWDT reset platform", 25},
+    {"srto: bootloader", 26},
+    {"srto: kernel panic", 27},
+    {"srto: kernel watchdog reset", 28},
+    {"srto: normal", 29},
+    {"srto: reboot", 30},
+    {"srto: reboot-bootloader", 31},
+    {"srto: security watchdog reset", 32},
+    {"srto: wakesrc", 33},
+    {"srto: watchdog", 34},
+    {"srto:1-1", 35},
+    {"srto:omap_hsmm", 36},
+    {"srto:phy0", 37},
+    {"srto:rtc0", 38},
+    {"srto:touchpad", 39},
+    {"watchdog", 40},
+    {"watchdogr", 41},
+    {"wdog_bark", 42},
+    {"wdog_bite", 43},
+    {"wdog_reset", 44},
+    {"shutdown,", 45},  // Trailing comma is intentional.
+    {"shutdown,userrequested", 46},
+    {"reboot,bootloader", 47},
+    {"reboot,cold", 48},
+    {"reboot,recovery", 49},
+    {"thermal_shutdown", 50},
+    {"s3_wakeup", 51},
+    {"kernel_panic,sysrq", 52},
+    {"kernel_panic,NULL", 53},
+    {"kernel_panic,BUG", 54},
+    {"bootloader", 55},
+    {"cold", 56},
+    {"hard", 57},
+    {"warm", 58},
+    {"recovery", 59},
+    {"thermal-shutdown", 60},
+    {"shutdown,thermal", 61},
+    {"shutdown,battery", 62},
+    {"reboot,ota", 63},
+    {"reboot,factory_reset", 64},
+    {"reboot,", 65},
+    {"reboot,shell", 66},
+    {"reboot,adb", 67},
+    {"reboot,userrequested", 68},
 };
 
 // Converts a string value representing the reason the system booted to an
@@ -191,6 +219,374 @@
   return kUnknownBootReason;
 }
 
+// Canonical list of supported primary reboot reasons.
+const std::vector<const std::string> knownReasons = {
+    // clang-format off
+    // kernel
+    "watchdog",
+    "kernel_panic",
+    // strong
+    "recovery",    // Should not happen from ro.boot.bootreason
+    "bootloader",  // Should not happen from ro.boot.bootreason
+    // blunt
+    "cold",
+    "hard",
+    "warm",
+    "shutdown",    // Can not happen from ro.boot.bootreason
+    "reboot",      // Default catch-all for anything unknown
+    // clang-format on
+};
+
+// Returns true if the supplied reason prefix is considered detailed enough.
+bool isStrongRebootReason(const std::string& r) {
+  for (auto& s : knownReasons) {
+    if (s == "cold") break;
+    // Prefix defined as terminated by a nul or comma (,).
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(r, s.c_str()) &&
+        ((r.length() == s.length()) || (r[s.length()] == ','))) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Returns true if the supplied reason prefix is associated with the kernel.
+bool isKernelRebootReason(const std::string& r) {
+  for (auto& s : knownReasons) {
+    if (s == "recovery") break;
+    // Prefix defined as terminated by a nul or comma (,).
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(r, s.c_str()) &&
+        ((r.length() == s.length()) || (r[s.length()] == ','))) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Returns true if the supplied reason prefix is considered known.
+bool isKnownRebootReason(const std::string& r) {
+  for (auto& s : knownReasons) {
+    // Prefix defined as terminated by a nul or comma (,).
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(r, s.c_str()) &&
+        ((r.length() == s.length()) || (r[s.length()] == ','))) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// If the reboot reason should be improved, report true if is too blunt.
+bool isBluntRebootReason(const std::string& r) {
+  if (isStrongRebootReason(r)) return false;
+
+  if (!isKnownRebootReason(r)) return true;  // Can not support unknown as detail
+
+  size_t pos = 0;
+  while ((pos = r.find(',', pos)) != std::string::npos) {
+    ++pos;
+    std::string next(r.substr(pos));
+    if (next.length() == 0) break;
+    if (next[0] == ',') continue;
+    if (!isKnownRebootReason(next)) return false;  // Unknown subreason is good.
+    if (isStrongRebootReason(next)) return false;  // eg: reboot,reboot
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool readPstoreConsole(std::string& console) {
+  if (android::base::ReadFileToString("/sys/fs/pstore/console-ramoops-0", &console)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return android::base::ReadFileToString("/sys/fs/pstore/console-ramoops", &console);
+}
+
+bool addKernelPanicSubReason(const std::string& console, std::string& ret) {
+  // Check for kernel panic types to refine information
+  if (console.rfind("SysRq : Trigger a crash") != std::string::npos) {
+    // Can not happen, except on userdebug, during testing/debugging.
+    ret = "kernel_panic,sysrq";
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (console.rfind("Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address") !=
+      std::string::npos) {
+    ret = "kernel_panic,NULL";
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (console.rfind("Kernel BUG at ") != std::string::npos) {
+    ret = "kernel_panic,BUG";
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// std::transform Helper callback functions:
+// Converts a string value representing the reason the system booted to a
+// string complying with Android system standard reason.
+char tounderline(char c) {
+  return ::isblank(c) ? '_' : c;
+}
+char toprintable(char c) {
+  return ::isprint(c) ? c : '?';
+}
+
+const char system_reboot_reason_property[] = "sys.boot.reason";
+const char last_reboot_reason_property[] = LAST_REBOOT_REASON_PROPERTY;
+const char bootloader_reboot_reason_property[] = "ro.boot.bootreason";
+
+// Scrub, Sanitize, Standardize and Enhance the boot reason string supplied.
+std::string BootReasonStrToReason(const std::string& boot_reason) {
+  static const size_t max_reason_length = 256;
+
+  std::string ret(GetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property));
+  std::string reason(boot_reason);
+  // If sys.boot.reason == ro.boot.bootreason, let's re-evaluate
+  if (reason == ret) ret = "";
+
+  // Cleanup boot_reason regarding acceptable character set
+  std::transform(reason.begin(), reason.end(), reason.begin(), ::tolower);
+  std::transform(reason.begin(), reason.end(), reason.begin(), tounderline);
+  std::transform(reason.begin(), reason.end(), reason.begin(), toprintable);
+
+  // Is the current system boot reason sys.boot.reason valid?
+  if (!isKnownRebootReason(ret)) ret = "";
+
+  if (ret == "") {
+    // Is the bootloader boot reason ro.boot.bootreason known?
+    std::vector<std::string> words(android::base::Split(reason, ",_-"));
+    for (auto& s : knownReasons) {
+      std::string blunt;
+      for (auto& r : words) {
+        if (r == s) {
+          if (isBluntRebootReason(s)) {
+            blunt = s;
+          } else {
+            ret = s;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (ret == "") ret = blunt;
+      if (ret != "") break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (ret == "") {
+    // A series of checks to take some officially unsupported reasons
+    // reported by the bootloader and find some logical and canonical
+    // sense.  In an ideal world, we would require those bootloaders
+    // to behave and follow our standards.
+    static const std::vector<std::pair<const std::string, const std::string>> aliasReasons = {
+        {"watchdog", "wdog"},
+        {"cold,powerkey", "powerkey"},
+        {"kernel_panic", "panic"},
+        {"shutdown,thermal", "thermal"},
+        {"warm,s3_wakeup", "s3_wakeup"},
+        {"hard,hw_reset", "hw_reset"},
+        {"bootloader", ""},
+    };
+
+    // Either the primary or alias is found _somewhere_ in the reason string.
+    for (auto& s : aliasReasons) {
+      if (reason.find(s.first) != std::string::npos) {
+        ret = s.first;
+        break;
+      }
+      if (s.second.size() && (reason.find(s.second) != std::string::npos)) {
+        ret = s.first;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If watchdog is the reason, see if there is a security angle?
+  if (ret == "watchdog") {
+    if (reason.find("sec") != std::string::npos) {
+      ret += ",security";
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (ret == "kernel_panic") {
+    // Check to see if last klog has some refinement hints.
+    std::string content;
+    if (readPstoreConsole(content)) {
+      addKernelPanicSubReason(content, ret);
+    }
+  } else if (isBluntRebootReason(ret)) {
+    // Check the other available reason resources if the reason is still blunt.
+
+    // Check to see if last klog has some refinement hints.
+    std::string content;
+    if (readPstoreConsole(content)) {
+      // The toybox reboot command used directly (unlikely)? But also
+      // catches init's response to Android's more controlled reboot command.
+      if (content.rfind("reboot: Power down") != std::string::npos) {
+        ret = "shutdown";  // Still too blunt, but more accurate.
+        // ToDo: init should record the shutdown reason to kernel messages ala:
+        //           init: shutdown system with command 'last_reboot_reason'
+        //       so that if pstore has persistence we can get some details
+        //       that could be missing in last_reboot_reason_property.
+      }
+
+      static const char cmd[] = "reboot: Restarting system with command '";
+      size_t pos = content.rfind(cmd);
+      if (pos != std::string::npos) {
+        pos += strlen(cmd);
+        std::string subReason(content.substr(pos, max_reason_length));
+        for (pos = 0; pos < subReason.length(); ++pos) {
+          char c = tounderline(subReason[pos]);
+          if (!::isprint(c) || (c == '\'')) {
+            subReason.erase(pos);
+            break;
+          }
+          subReason[pos] = ::tolower(c);
+        }
+        if (subReason != "") {  // Will not land "reboot" as that is too blunt.
+          if (isKernelRebootReason(subReason)) {
+            ret = "reboot," + subReason;  // User space can't talk kernel reasons.
+          } else {
+            ret = subReason;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Check for kernel panics, allowed to override reboot command.
+      if (!addKernelPanicSubReason(content, ret) &&
+          // check for long-press power down
+          ((content.rfind("Power held for ") != std::string::npos) ||
+           (content.rfind("charger: [") != std::string::npos))) {
+        ret = "cold";
+      }
+    }
+
+    // The following battery test should migrate to a default system health HAL
+
+    // Let us not worry if the reboot command was issued, for the cases of
+    // reboot -p, reboot <no reason>, reboot cold, reboot warm and reboot hard.
+    // Same for bootloader and ro.boot.bootreasons of this set, but a dead
+    // battery could conceivably lead to these, so worthy of override.
+    if (isBluntRebootReason(ret)) {
+      // Heuristic to determine if shutdown possibly because of a dead battery?
+      // Really a hail-mary pass to find it in last klog content ...
+      static const int battery_dead_threshold = 2;  // percent
+      static const char battery[] = "healthd: battery l=";
+      size_t pos = content.rfind(battery);  // last one
+      std::string digits;
+      if (pos != std::string::npos) {
+        digits = content.substr(pos + strlen(battery));
+      }
+      char* endptr = NULL;
+      unsigned long long level = strtoull(digits.c_str(), &endptr, 10);
+      if ((level <= 100) && (endptr != digits.c_str()) && (*endptr == ' ')) {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Battery level at shutdown " << level << "%";
+        if (level <= battery_dead_threshold) {
+          ret = "shutdown,battery";
+        }
+      } else {        // Most likely
+        digits = "";  // reset digits
+
+        // Content buffer no longer will have console data. Beware if more
+        // checks added below, that depend on parsing console content.
+        content = "";
+
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Can not find last low battery in last console messages";
+        android_logcat_context ctx = create_android_logcat();
+        FILE* fp = android_logcat_popen(&ctx, "logcat -b kernel -v brief -d");
+        if (fp != nullptr) {
+          android::base::ReadFdToString(fileno(fp), &content);
+        }
+        android_logcat_pclose(&ctx, fp);
+        android_logcat_destroy(&ctx);
+        static const char logcat_battery[] = "W/healthd (    0): battery l=";
+        const char* match = logcat_battery;
+
+        if (content == "") {
+          // Service logd.klog not running, go to smaller buffer in the kernel.
+          int rc = klogctl(KLOG_SIZE_BUFFER, nullptr, 0);
+          if (rc > 0) {
+            ssize_t len = rc + 1024;  // 1K Margin should it grow between calls.
+            std::unique_ptr<char[]> buf(new char[len]);
+            rc = klogctl(KLOG_READ_ALL, buf.get(), len);
+            if (rc < len) {
+              len = rc + 1;
+            }
+            buf[--len] = '\0';
+            content = buf.get();
+          }
+          match = battery;
+        }
+
+        pos = content.find(match);  // The first one it finds.
+        if (pos != std::string::npos) {
+          digits = content.substr(pos + strlen(match));
+        }
+        endptr = NULL;
+        level = strtoull(digits.c_str(), &endptr, 10);
+        if ((level <= 100) && (endptr != digits.c_str()) && (*endptr == ' ')) {
+          LOG(INFO) << "Battery level at startup " << level << "%";
+          if (level <= battery_dead_threshold) {
+            ret = "shutdown,battery";
+          }
+        } else {
+          LOG(DEBUG) << "Can not find first battery level in dmesg or logcat";
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Is there a controlled shutdown hint in last_reboot_reason_property?
+    if (isBluntRebootReason(ret)) {
+      // Content buffer no longer will have console data. Beware if more
+      // checks added below, that depend on parsing console content.
+      content = GetProperty(last_reboot_reason_property);
+      // Cleanup last_boot_reason regarding acceptable character set
+      std::transform(content.begin(), content.end(), content.begin(), ::tolower);
+      std::transform(content.begin(), content.end(), content.begin(), tounderline);
+      std::transform(content.begin(), content.end(), content.begin(), toprintable);
+
+      // String is either "reboot,<reason>" or "shutdown,<reason>".
+      // We will set if default reasons, only override with detail if thermal.
+      if ((android::base::StartsWith(content, ret.c_str()) && (content[ret.length()] == ',')) ||
+          !isBluntRebootReason(content)) {
+        // Ok, we want it, let's squash it if secondReason is known.
+        size_t pos = content.find(',');
+        if (pos != std::string::npos) {
+          ++pos;
+          std::string secondReason(content.substr(pos));
+          ret = isKnownRebootReason(secondReason) ? secondReason : content;
+        } else {
+          ret = content;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Other System Health HAL reasons?
+
+    // ToDo: /proc/sys/kernel/boot_reason needs a HAL interface to
+    //       possibly offer hardware-specific clues from the PMIC.
+  }
+
+  // If unknown left over from above, make it "reboot,<boot_reason>"
+  if (ret == "") {
+    ret = "reboot";
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(reason, "reboot")) {
+      reason = reason.substr(strlen("reboot"));
+      while (reason[0] == ',') {
+        reason = reason.substr(1);
+      }
+    }
+    if (reason != "") {
+      ret += ",";
+      ret += reason;
+    }
+  }
+
+  LOG(INFO) << "Canonical boot reason: " << ret;
+  if (isKernelRebootReason(ret) && (GetProperty(last_reboot_reason_property) != "")) {
+    // Rewrite as it must be old news, kernel reasons trump user space.
+    SetProperty(last_reboot_reason_property, ret);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
 // Returns the appropriate metric key prefix for the boot_complete metric such
 // that boot metrics after a system update are labeled as ota_boot_complete;
 // otherwise, they are labeled as boot_complete.  This method encapsulates the
@@ -212,17 +608,26 @@
   if (!boot_event_store.GetBootEvent(kBuildDateKey, &record)) {
     boot_complete_prefix = "factory_reset_" + boot_complete_prefix;
     boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(kBuildDateKey, build_date);
+    LOG(INFO) << "Canonical boot reason: reboot,factory_reset";
+    SetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property, "reboot,factory_reset");
+    if (GetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property) == "") {
+      SetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property, "reboot,factory_reset");
+    }
   } else if (build_date != record.second) {
     boot_complete_prefix = "ota_" + boot_complete_prefix;
     boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(kBuildDateKey, build_date);
+    LOG(INFO) << "Canonical boot reason: reboot,ota";
+    SetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property, "reboot,ota");
+    if (GetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property) == "") {
+      SetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property, "reboot,ota");
+    }
   }
 
   return boot_complete_prefix;
 }
 
 // Records the value of a given ro.boottime.init property in milliseconds.
-void RecordInitBootTimeProp(
-    BootEventRecordStore* boot_event_store, const char* property) {
+void RecordInitBootTimeProp(BootEventRecordStore* boot_event_store, const char* property) {
   std::string value = GetProperty(property);
 
   int32_t time_in_ms;
@@ -307,10 +712,8 @@
 
   if (boot_event_store.GetBootEvent("last_boot_time_utc", &record)) {
     time_t last_boot_time_utc = record.second;
-    time_t time_since_last_boot = difftime(current_time_utc,
-                                           last_boot_time_utc);
-    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_last_boot",
-                                           time_since_last_boot);
+    time_t time_since_last_boot = difftime(current_time_utc, last_boot_time_utc);
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_last_boot", time_since_last_boot);
   }
 
   boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("last_boot_time_utc", current_time_utc);
@@ -336,8 +739,7 @@
     boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix + "_post_decrypt",
                                            boot_complete.count());
   } else {
-      boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix + "_no_encryption",
-                                             uptime.count());
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix + "_no_encryption", uptime.count());
   }
 
   // Record the total time from device startup to boot complete, regardless of
@@ -358,9 +760,25 @@
 // Records the boot_reason metric by querying the ro.boot.bootreason system
 // property.
 void RecordBootReason() {
-  int32_t boot_reason = BootReasonStrToEnum(GetProperty("ro.boot.bootreason"));
+  const std::string reason(GetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property));
+  android::metricslogger::LogMultiAction(android::metricslogger::ACTION_BOOT,
+                                         android::metricslogger::FIELD_PLATFORM_REASON, reason);
+
+  // Log the raw bootloader_boot_reason property value.
+  int32_t boot_reason = BootReasonStrToEnum(reason);
   BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
   boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("boot_reason", boot_reason);
+
+  // Log the scrubbed system_boot_reason.
+  const std::string system_reason(BootReasonStrToReason(reason));
+  int32_t system_boot_reason = BootReasonStrToEnum(system_reason);
+  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("system_boot_reason", system_boot_reason);
+
+  // Record the scrubbed system_boot_reason to the property
+  SetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property, system_reason);
+  if (reason == "") {
+    SetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property, system_reason);
+  }
 }
 
 // Records two metrics related to the user resetting a device: the time at
@@ -374,21 +792,20 @@
 
   if (current_time_utc < 0) {
     // UMA does not display negative values in buckets, so convert to positive.
-    android::metricslogger::LogHistogram(
-        "factory_reset_current_time_failure", std::abs(current_time_utc));
+    android::metricslogger::LogHistogram("factory_reset_current_time_failure",
+                                         std::abs(current_time_utc));
 
     // Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
     // is losing records somehow.
-    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
-        "factory_reset_current_time_failure", std::abs(current_time_utc));
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("factory_reset_current_time_failure",
+                                           std::abs(current_time_utc));
     return;
   } else {
     android::metricslogger::LogHistogram("factory_reset_current_time", current_time_utc);
 
     // Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
     // is losing records somehow.
-    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
-        "factory_reset_current_time", current_time_utc);
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("factory_reset_current_time", current_time_utc);
   }
 
   // The factory_reset boot event does not exist after the device is reset, so
@@ -408,18 +825,15 @@
 
   // Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
   // is losing records somehow.
-  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
-      "factory_reset_record_value", factory_reset_utc);
+  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("factory_reset_record_value", factory_reset_utc);
 
-  time_t time_since_factory_reset = difftime(current_time_utc,
-                                             factory_reset_utc);
-  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_factory_reset",
-                                         time_since_factory_reset);
+  time_t time_since_factory_reset = difftime(current_time_utc, factory_reset_utc);
+  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_factory_reset", time_since_factory_reset);
 }
 
 }  // namespace
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   android::base::InitLogging(argv);
 
   const std::string cmd_line = GetCommandLine(argc, argv);
@@ -431,15 +845,17 @@
   static const char boot_reason_str[] = "record_boot_reason";
   static const char factory_reset_str[] = "record_time_since_factory_reset";
   static const struct option long_options[] = {
-    { "help",            no_argument,       NULL,   'h' },
-    { "log",             no_argument,       NULL,   'l' },
-    { "print",           no_argument,       NULL,   'p' },
-    { "record",          required_argument, NULL,   'r' },
-    { value_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
-    { boot_complete_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-    { boot_reason_str,   no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-    { factory_reset_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-    { NULL,              0,                 NULL,   0 }
+      // clang-format off
+      { "help",            no_argument,       NULL,   'h' },
+      { "log",             no_argument,       NULL,   'l' },
+      { "print",           no_argument,       NULL,   'p' },
+      { "record",          required_argument, NULL,   'r' },
+      { value_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
+      { boot_complete_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { boot_reason_str,   no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { factory_reset_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { NULL,              0,                 NULL,   0 }
+      // clang-format on
   };
 
   std::string boot_event;
diff --git a/bootstat/bootstat.rc b/bootstat/bootstat.rc
index d697efb..f06a38f 100644
--- a/bootstat/bootstat.rc
+++ b/bootstat/bootstat.rc
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 # This file is the LOCAL_INIT_RC file for the bootstat command.
 
+# mirror bootloader boot reason to system boot reason
+on property:ro.boot.bootreason=*
+    setprop sys.boot.reason ${ro.boot.bootreason}
+
 on post-fs-data
     mkdir /data/misc/bootstat 0700 system log
     # To deal with ota transition resulting from a change in DAC from
@@ -8,16 +12,16 @@
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boot_complete
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boot_complete_no_encryption
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boot_reason
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.1BLE
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.1BLL
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.2BLE
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.2BLL
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.AVB
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.KD
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.KL
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.ODT
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.SW
-    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/bootime.bootloader.total
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.1BLE
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.1BLL
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.2BLE
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.2BLL
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.AVB
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.KD
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.KL
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.ODT
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.SW
+    chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/boottime.bootloader.total
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/build_date
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/factory_reset
     chown system log /data/misc/bootstat/factory_reset_boot_complete
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@
 # property:init.svc.bootanim=running: The boot animation is running
 # property:ro.crypto.type=block: FDE device
 on post-fs-data && property:init.svc.bootanim=running && property:ro.crypto.type=block
-    exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat -r post_decrypt_time_elapsed
+    exec_background - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat -r post_decrypt_time_elapsed
 
 # sys.logbootcomplete is a signal to enable the bootstat logging mechanism.
 # This signaling is necessary to prevent logging boot metrics after a runtime
@@ -65,13 +69,7 @@
 # Record boot complete metrics.
 on property:sys.boot_completed=1 && property:sys.logbootcomplete=1
     # Record boot_complete and related stats (decryption, etc).
-    exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete
-
     # Record the boot reason.
-    exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_reason
-
     # Record time since factory reset.
-    exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_time_since_factory_reset
-
     # Log all boot events.
-    exec - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat -l
+    exec_background - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete --record_boot_reason --record_time_since_factory_reset -l
diff --git a/debuggerd/crash_dump.cpp b/debuggerd/crash_dump.cpp
index dfc74fb..6ef3ed6 100644
--- a/debuggerd/crash_dump.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/crash_dump.cpp
@@ -462,14 +462,14 @@
   if (wait_for_gdb) {
     // Use ALOGI to line up with output from engrave_tombstone.
     ALOGI(
-      "***********************************************************\n"
-      "* Process %d has been suspended while crashing.\n"
-      "* To attach gdbserver and start gdb, run this on the host:\n"
-      "*\n"
-      "*     gdbclient.py -p %d\n"
-      "*\n"
-      "***********************************************************",
-      target, main_tid);
+        "***********************************************************\n"
+        "* Process %d has been suspended while crashing.\n"
+        "* To attach gdbserver and start gdb, run this on the host:\n"
+        "*\n"
+        "*     gdbclient.py -p %d\n"
+        "*\n"
+        "***********************************************************",
+        target, target);
   }
 
   if (fatal_signal) {
diff --git a/debuggerd/crasher/Android.bp b/debuggerd/crasher/Android.bp
index b7b1938..67b4ab7 100644
--- a/debuggerd/crasher/Android.bp
+++ b/debuggerd/crasher/Android.bp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
         arm: {
             srcs: ["arm/crashglue.S"],
 
-            armv7_a_neon: {
+            neon: {
                 asflags: ["-DHAS_VFP_D32"],
             },
         },
diff --git a/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp b/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
index f57349b..e9a3ebd 100644
--- a/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
@@ -114,6 +114,11 @@
     return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(result);
 }
 
+noinline int crash_null() {
+  int (*null_func)() = nullptr;
+  return null_func();
+}
+
 noinline int crash3(int a) {
     *reinterpret_cast<int*>(0xdead) = a;
     return a*4;
@@ -169,6 +174,7 @@
     fprintf(stderr, "  nostack               crash with a NULL stack pointer\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  heap-usage            cause a libc abort by abusing a heap function\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  call-null             cause a crash by calling through a nullptr\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  leak                  leak memory until we get OOM-killed\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  abort                 call abort()\n");
@@ -239,6 +245,8 @@
         crashnostack();
     } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "exit")) {
         exit(1);
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "call-null")) {
+      return crash_null();
     } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "crash") || !strcmp(arg, "SIGSEGV")) {
         return crash(42);
     } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "abort")) {
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
index 50d19bd..418d092 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
@@ -413,15 +413,17 @@
   }
 
   ScopedBacktraceMapIteratorLock lock(map);
-  _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS, "\n");
-  if (!print_fault_address_marker) {
-    _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS, "memory map:\n");
-  } else {
-    _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS, "memory map: (fault address prefixed with --->)\n");
+  _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS,
+       "\n"
+       "memory map (%zu entries):\n",
+       map->size());
+  if (print_fault_address_marker) {
     if (map->begin() != map->end() && addr < map->begin()->start) {
       _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS, "--->Fault address falls at %s before any mapped regions\n",
            get_addr_string(addr).c_str());
       print_fault_address_marker = false;
+    } else {
+      _LOG(log, logtype::MAPS, "(fault address prefixed with --->)\n");
     }
   }
 
@@ -800,10 +802,22 @@
   dump_abort_message(backtrace.get(), &log, abort_msg_address);
   dump_registers(&log, ucontext);
 
-  // TODO: Dump registers from the ucontext.
   if (backtrace->Unwind(0, ucontext)) {
     dump_backtrace_and_stack(backtrace.get(), &log);
   } else {
     ALOGE("Unwind failed: pid = %d, tid = %d", pid, tid);
   }
+
+  // TODO: Make this match the format of dump_all_maps above.
+  _LOG(&log, logtype::MAPS, "memory map:\n");
+  android::base::unique_fd maps_fd(open("/proc/self/maps", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
+  if (maps_fd == -1) {
+    _LOG(&log, logtype::MAPS, "    failed to open /proc/self/maps: %s", strerror(errno));
+  } else {
+    char buf[256];
+    ssize_t rc;
+    while ((rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(maps_fd.get(), buf, sizeof(buf)))) > 0) {
+      android::base::WriteFully(tombstone_fd, buf, rc);
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git a/debuggerd/tombstoned/intercept_manager.cpp b/debuggerd/tombstoned/intercept_manager.cpp
index 24960bc..c446dbb 100644
--- a/debuggerd/tombstoned/intercept_manager.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/tombstoned/intercept_manager.cpp
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@
 }
 
 InterceptManager::InterceptManager(event_base* base, int intercept_socket) : base(base) {
-  this->listener = evconnlistener_new(base, intercept_accept_cb, this, -1, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
-                                      intercept_socket);
+  this->listener = evconnlistener_new(base, intercept_accept_cb, this, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
+                                      /* backlog */ -1, intercept_socket);
 }
 
 bool InterceptManager::GetIntercept(pid_t pid, DebuggerdDumpType dump_type,
diff --git a/debuggerd/tombstoned/tombstoned.cpp b/debuggerd/tombstoned/tombstoned.cpp
index 93c7fb5..1bf8f14 100644
--- a/debuggerd/tombstoned/tombstoned.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/tombstoned/tombstoned.cpp
@@ -389,8 +389,9 @@
 
   intercept_manager = new InterceptManager(base, intercept_socket);
 
-  evconnlistener* tombstone_listener = evconnlistener_new(
-      base, crash_accept_cb, CrashQueue::for_tombstones(), -1, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE, crash_socket);
+  evconnlistener* tombstone_listener =
+      evconnlistener_new(base, crash_accept_cb, CrashQueue::for_tombstones(), LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
+                         -1 /* backlog */, crash_socket);
   if (!tombstone_listener) {
     LOG(FATAL) << "failed to create evconnlistener for tombstones.";
   }
@@ -402,8 +403,9 @@
     }
 
     evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(java_trace_socket);
-    evconnlistener* java_trace_listener = evconnlistener_new(
-        base, crash_accept_cb, CrashQueue::for_anrs(), -1, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE, java_trace_socket);
+    evconnlistener* java_trace_listener =
+        evconnlistener_new(base, crash_accept_cb, CrashQueue::for_anrs(), LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
+                           -1 /* backlog */, java_trace_socket);
     if (!java_trace_listener) {
       LOG(FATAL) << "failed to create evconnlistener for java traces.";
     }
diff --git a/demangle/Android.bp b/demangle/Android.bp
index e55c886..89b8772 100644
--- a/demangle/Android.bp
+++ b/demangle/Android.bp
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wextra",
     ],
+
+    target: {
+        linux_bionic: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+    },
 }
 
 cc_library {
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.bp b/fs_mgr/Android.bp
index 608917a..7fd67c2 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.bp
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.bp
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
         "fs_mgr_avb_ops.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "liblogwrap",
         "libfec",
         "libfec_rs",
         "libbase",
@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@
         "libfstab",
     ],
     whole_static_libs: [
+        "liblogwrap",
         "libfstab",
     ],
     product_variables: {
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.mk b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
index 18ccc43..007189d 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.mk
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_MODULE:= fs_mgr
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
+LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := mke2fs mke2fs.conf e2fsdroid
 LOCAL_FORCE_STATIC_EXECUTABLE := true
 LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_ROOT_OUT)/sbin
 LOCAL_UNSTRIPPED_PATH := $(TARGET_ROOT_OUT_UNSTRIPPED)
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.cpp
index a03d92c..75feee7 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.cpp
@@ -24,25 +24,21 @@
 #include <cutils/partition_utils.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
 #include <ext4_utils/ext4.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/make_ext4fs.h>
-#include <selinux/selinux.h>
-#include <selinux/label.h>
+#include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
+#include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
+#include <selinux/label.h>
+#include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
 #include "fs_mgr_priv.h"
 #include "cryptfs.h"
 
-extern "C" {
-extern struct fs_info info;     /* magic global from ext4_utils */
-extern void reset_ext4fs_info();
-}
-
 static int format_ext4(char *fs_blkdev, char *fs_mnt_point, bool crypt_footer)
 {
     uint64_t dev_sz;
     int fd, rc = 0;
+    int status;
 
     if ((fd = open(fs_blkdev, O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
         PERROR << "Cannot open block device";
@@ -55,30 +51,36 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    struct selabel_handle *sehandle = selinux_android_file_context_handle();
-    if (!sehandle) {
-        /* libselinux logs specific error */
-        LERROR << "Cannot initialize android file_contexts";
-        close(fd);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    /* Format the partition using the calculated length */
-    reset_ext4fs_info();
-    info.len = (off64_t)dev_sz;
-    if (crypt_footer) {
-        info.len -= CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET;
-    }
-
-    /* Use make_ext4fs_internal to avoid wiping an already-wiped partition. */
-    rc = make_ext4fs_internal(fd, NULL, NULL, fs_mnt_point, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, sehandle, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-    if (rc) {
-        LERROR << "make_ext4fs returned " << rc;
-    }
     close(fd);
 
-    if (sehandle) {
-        selabel_close(sehandle);
+    /* Format the partition using the calculated length */
+    if (crypt_footer) {
+        dev_sz -= CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    std::string size_str = std::to_string(dev_sz / 4096);
+    const char* const mke2fs_args[] = {
+        "/system/bin/mke2fs", "-t", "ext4", "-b", "4096", fs_blkdev, size_str.c_str(), nullptr};
+
+    rc = android_fork_execvp_ext(arraysize(mke2fs_args), const_cast<char**>(mke2fs_args), &status,
+                                 true, LOG_KLOG, true, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+    if (rc) {
+        LERROR << "mke2fs returned " << rc;
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    const char* const e2fsdroid_args[] = {
+        "/system/bin/e2fsdroid",
+        "-e",
+        "-a",
+        fs_mnt_point,
+        fs_blkdev,
+        nullptr};
+
+    rc = android_fork_execvp_ext(arraysize(e2fsdroid_args), const_cast<char**>(e2fsdroid_args),
+                                 &status, true, LOG_KLOG, true, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+    if (rc) {
+        LERROR << "e2fsdroid returned " << rc;
     }
 
     return rc;
@@ -86,44 +88,11 @@
 
 static int format_f2fs(char *fs_blkdev)
 {
-    char * args[5];
-    int pid;
-    int rc = 0;
+    int status;
+    const char* const args[] = {"/system/bin/make_f2fs", "-f", "-O encrypt", fs_blkdev, nullptr};
 
-    args[0] = (char *)"/system/bin/make_f2fs";
-    args[1] = (char *)"-f";
-    args[2] = (char *)"-O encrypt";
-    args[3] = fs_blkdev;
-    args[4] = (char *)0;
-
-    pid = fork();
-    if (pid < 0) {
-       return pid;
-    }
-    if (!pid) {
-        /* This doesn't return */
-        execv(args[0], args);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    for(;;) {
-        pid_t p = waitpid(pid, &rc, 0);
-        if (p != pid) {
-            LERROR << "Error waiting for child process - " << p;
-            rc = -1;
-            break;
-        }
-        if (WIFEXITED(rc)) {
-            rc = WEXITSTATUS(rc);
-            LINFO << args[0] << " done, status " << rc;
-            if (rc) {
-                rc = -1;
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        LERROR << "Still waiting for " << args[0] << "...";
-    }
-
-    return rc;
+    return android_fork_execvp_ext(arraysize(args), const_cast<char**>(args), &status, true,
+                                   LOG_KLOG, true, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
 }
 
 int fs_mgr_do_format(struct fstab_rec *fstab, bool crypt_footer)
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
index 41a5868..31c8803 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
@@ -782,11 +782,12 @@
  * Returns the 1st matching fstab_rec that follows the start_rec.
  * start_rec is the result of a previous search or NULL.
  */
-struct fstab_rec *fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point_after(struct fstab_rec *start_rec, struct fstab *fstab, const char *path)
-{
+struct fstab_rec* fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point_after(struct fstab_rec* start_rec,
+                                                         struct fstab* fstab,
+                                                         const std::string& path) {
     int i;
     if (!fstab) {
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     }
 
     if (start_rec) {
@@ -799,14 +800,14 @@
     } else {
         i = 0;
     }
+
     for (; i < fstab->num_entries; i++) {
-        int len = strlen(fstab->recs[i].mount_point);
-        if (strncmp(path, fstab->recs[i].mount_point, len) == 0 &&
-            (path[len] == '\0' || path[len] == '/')) {
+        if (fstab->recs[i].mount_point && path == fstab->recs[i].mount_point) {
             return &fstab->recs[i];
         }
     }
-    return NULL;
+
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
index 9ca15e2..33fd562 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
@@ -21,19 +21,12 @@
 #include "fs_mgr.h"
 #include "fs_mgr_priv.h"
 
-// Returns "_a" or "_b" based on two possible values in kernel cmdline:
-//   - androidboot.slot = a or b OR
-//   - androidboot.slot_suffix = _a or _b
-// TODO: remove slot_suffix once it's deprecated.
+// Returns "_a" or "_b" based on androidboot.slot_suffix in kernel cmdline, or an empty string
+// if that parameter does not exist.
 std::string fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix() {
-    std::string slot;
     std::string ab_suffix;
 
-    if (fs_mgr_get_boot_config("slot", &slot)) {
-        ab_suffix = "_" + slot;
-    } else if (!fs_mgr_get_boot_config("slot_suffix", &ab_suffix)) {
-        ab_suffix = "";
-    }
+    fs_mgr_get_boot_config("slot_suffix", &ab_suffix);
     return ab_suffix;
 }
 
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeper.h b/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeper.h
index 92d1752..2f4f4d7 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeper.h
+++ b/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeper.h
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
 
 #include <android-base/memory.h>
 #include <gatekeeper/gatekeeper.h>
-#include <nativehelper/UniquePtr.h>
 
 #include <iostream>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <memory>
 
 namespace gatekeeper {
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
     typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, failure_record_t> FailureRecordMap;
     typedef std::unordered_map<uint64_t, fast_hash_t> FastHashMap;
 
-    UniquePtr<uint8_t[]> key_;
+    std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> key_;
     FailureRecordMap failure_map_;
     FastHashMap fast_hash_map_;
 };
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeperDevice.h b/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeperDevice.h
index 229f9a9..e3dc068 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeperDevice.h
+++ b/gatekeeperd/SoftGateKeeperDevice.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #include "SoftGateKeeper.h"
 
-#include <nativehelper/UniquePtr.h>
+#include <memory>
 
 using namespace gatekeeper;
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
             const uint8_t *provided_password, uint32_t provided_password_length,
             uint8_t **auth_token, uint32_t *auth_token_length, bool *request_reenroll);
 private:
-    UniquePtr<SoftGateKeeper> impl_;
+    std::unique_ptr<SoftGateKeeper> impl_;
 };
 
 } // namespace gatekeeper
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp b/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
index e6eb3bc..73dab9b 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@
 
 private:
     sp<IGatekeeper> hw_device;
-    UniquePtr<SoftGateKeeperDevice> soft_device;
+    std::unique_ptr<SoftGateKeeperDevice> soft_device;
 };
 }// namespace android
 
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/tests/gatekeeper_test.cpp b/gatekeeperd/tests/gatekeeper_test.cpp
index b3aea7b..100375f 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/tests/gatekeeper_test.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeperd/tests/gatekeeper_test.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hardware/hw_auth_token.h>
-#include <nativehelper/UniquePtr.h>
 
 #include "../SoftGateKeeper.h"
 
diff --git a/init/Android.bp b/init/Android.bp
index 8737def..0e580fc 100644
--- a/init/Android.bp
+++ b/init/Android.bp
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
         "log.cpp",
         "parser.cpp",
         "persistent_properties.cpp",
+        "persistent_properties.proto",
         "property_service.cpp",
         "security.cpp",
         "selinux.cpp",
@@ -90,11 +91,15 @@
         "liblog",
         "libprocessgroup",
         "libfs_mgr",
+        "libprotobuf-cpp-lite",
     ],
     include_dirs: [
         "system/core/mkbootimg",
     ],
-
+    proto: {
+        type: "lite",
+        export_proto_headers: true,
+    },
 }
 
 /*
@@ -119,7 +124,7 @@
         "init_first_stage.cpp",
         "keychords.cpp",
         "reboot.cpp",
-        "signal_handler.cpp",
+        "sigchld_handler.cpp",
         "ueventd.cpp",
         "watchdogd.cpp",
     ],
@@ -179,6 +184,7 @@
         "libinit",
         "libselinux",
         "libcrypto",
+        "libprotobuf-cpp-lite",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/init/Android.mk b/init/Android.mk
index 23ada73..dd0f1bf 100644
--- a/init/Android.mk
+++ b/init/Android.mk
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
     init_first_stage.cpp \
     keychords.cpp \
     reboot.cpp \
-    signal_handler.cpp \
+    sigchld_handler.cpp \
     ueventd.cpp \
     watchdogd.cpp \
 
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
     libprocessgroup \
     libavb \
     libkeyutils \
+    libprotobuf-cpp-lite \
 
 LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := \
     e2fsdroid \
diff --git a/init/README.md b/init/README.md
index 7df37ff..d7edf21 100644
--- a/init/README.md
+++ b/init/README.md
@@ -381,6 +381,11 @@
   within _argument_.
   Init halts executing commands until the forked process exits.
 
+`exec_background [ <seclabel> [ <user> [ <group>\* ] ] ] -- <command> [ <argument>\* ]`
+> Fork and execute command with the given arguments. This is handled similarly
+  to the `exec` command. The difference is that init does not halt executing
+  commands until the process exits for `exec_background`.
+
 `exec_start <service>`
 > Start a given service and halt the processing of additional init commands
   until it returns.  The command functions similarly to the `exec` command,
diff --git a/init/builtins.cpp b/init/builtins.cpp
index 140ef75..be24573 100644
--- a/init/builtins.cpp
+++ b/init/builtins.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@
 #include "reboot.h"
 #include "rlimit_parser.h"
 #include "service.h"
-#include "signal_handler.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 using namespace std::literals::string_literals;
@@ -149,6 +148,19 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
+static Result<Success> do_exec_background(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    auto service = Service::MakeTemporaryOneshotService(args);
+    if (!service) {
+        return Error() << "Could not create exec background service";
+    }
+    if (auto result = service->Start(); !result) {
+        return Error() << "Could not start exec background service: " << result.error();
+    }
+
+    ServiceList::GetInstance().AddService(std::move(service));
+    return Success();
+}
+
 static Result<Success> do_exec_start(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
     Service* service = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindService(args[1]);
     if (!service) {
@@ -268,7 +280,7 @@
                 "--prompt_and_wipe_data",
                 "--reason=set_policy_failed:"s + args[1]};
             reboot_into_recovery(options);
-            return Error() << "reboot into recovery failed";
+            return Success();
         }
     }
     return Success();
@@ -473,7 +485,7 @@
         PLOG(ERROR) << "fs_mgr_mount_all suggested recovery, so wiping data via recovery.";
         const std::vector<std::string> options = {"--wipe_data", "--reason=fs_mgr_mount_all" };
         reboot_into_recovery(options);
-        return Error() << "reboot_into_recovery() failed";
+        return Success();
         /* If reboot worked, there is no return. */
     } else if (code == FS_MGR_MNTALL_DEV_FILE_ENCRYPTED) {
         if (e4crypt_install_keyring()) {
@@ -960,6 +972,7 @@
         {"domainname",              {1,     1,    do_domainname}},
         {"enable",                  {1,     1,    do_enable}},
         {"exec",                    {1,     kMax, do_exec}},
+        {"exec_background",         {1,     kMax, do_exec_background}},
         {"exec_start",              {1,     1,    do_exec_start}},
         {"export",                  {2,     2,    do_export}},
         {"hostname",                {1,     1,    do_hostname}},
diff --git a/init/init.cpp b/init/init.cpp
index 678f49f..e611f18 100644
--- a/init/init.cpp
+++ b/init/init.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/epoll.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/signalfd.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@
 #include "reboot.h"
 #include "security.h"
 #include "selinux.h"
-#include "signal_handler.h"
+#include "sigchld_handler.h"
 #include "ueventd.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "watchdogd.h"
@@ -72,11 +73,14 @@
 std::string default_console = "/dev/console";
 
 static int epoll_fd = -1;
+static int sigterm_signal_fd = -1;
 
 static std::unique_ptr<Timer> waiting_for_prop(nullptr);
 static std::string wait_prop_name;
 static std::string wait_prop_value;
 static bool shutting_down;
+static std::string shutdown_command;
+static bool do_shutdown = false;
 
 std::vector<std::string> late_import_paths;
 
@@ -155,9 +159,16 @@
     // In non-thermal-shutdown case, 'shutdown' trigger will be fired to let device specific
     // commands to be executed.
     if (name == "sys.powerctl") {
-        if (HandlePowerctlMessage(value)) {
-            shutting_down = true;
-        }
+        // Despite the above comment, we can't call HandlePowerctlMessage() in this function,
+        // because it modifies the contents of the action queue, which can cause the action queue
+        // to get into a bad state if this function is called from a command being executed by the
+        // action queue.  Instead we set this flag and ensure that shutdown happens before the next
+        // command is run in the main init loop.
+        // TODO: once property service is removed from init, this will never happen from a builtin,
+        // but rather from a callback from the property service socket, in which case this hack can
+        // go away.
+        shutdown_command = value;
+        do_shutdown = true;
     }
 
     if (property_triggers_enabled) ActionManager::GetInstance().QueuePropertyChange(name, value);
@@ -392,6 +403,41 @@
     sigaction(SIGTRAP, &action, nullptr);
 }
 
+static void HandleSigtermSignal() {
+    signalfd_siginfo siginfo;
+    ssize_t bytes_read = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(sigterm_signal_fd, &siginfo, sizeof(siginfo)));
+    if (bytes_read != sizeof(siginfo)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read siginfo from sigterm_signal_fd";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (siginfo.ssi_pid != 0) {
+        // Drop any userspace SIGTERM requests.
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Ignoring SIGTERM from pid " << siginfo.ssi_pid;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    LOG(INFO) << "Handling SIGTERM, shutting system down";
+    HandlePowerctlMessage("shutdown");
+}
+
+static void InstallSigtermHandler() {
+    sigset_t mask;
+    sigemptyset(&mask);
+    sigaddset(&mask, SIGTERM);
+
+    if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, nullptr) == -1) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "failed to block SIGTERM";
+    }
+
+    sigterm_signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_CLOEXEC);
+    if (sigterm_signal_fd == -1) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "failed to create signalfd for SIGTERM";
+    }
+
+    register_epoll_handler(sigterm_signal_fd, HandleSigtermSignal);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     if (!strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "ueventd")) {
         return ueventd_main(argc, argv);
@@ -523,11 +569,16 @@
 
     epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
     if (epoll_fd == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "epoll_create1 failed";
-        exit(1);
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "epoll_create1 failed";
     }
 
-    signal_handler_init();
+    sigchld_handler_init();
+
+    if (!IsRebootCapable()) {
+        // If init does not have the CAP_SYS_BOOT capability, it is running in a container.
+        // In that case, receiving SIGTERM will cause the system to shut down.
+        InstallSigtermHandler();
+    }
 
     property_load_boot_defaults();
     export_oem_lock_status();
@@ -579,6 +630,13 @@
         // By default, sleep until something happens.
         int epoll_timeout_ms = -1;
 
+        if (do_shutdown && !shutting_down) {
+            do_shutdown = false;
+            if (HandlePowerctlMessage(shutdown_command)) {
+                shutting_down = true;
+            }
+        }
+
         if (!(waiting_for_prop || Service::is_exec_service_running())) {
             am.ExecuteOneCommand();
         }
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties.cpp b/init/persistent_properties.cpp
index 66fa011..71f2355 100644
--- a/init/persistent_properties.cpp
+++ b/init/persistent_properties.cpp
@@ -46,14 +46,21 @@
 constexpr const uint32_t kMagic = 0x8495E0B4;
 constexpr const char kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir[] = "/data/property";
 
-Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadLegacyPersistentProperties() {
+void AddPersistentProperty(const std::string& name, const std::string& value,
+                           PersistentProperties* persistent_properties) {
+    auto persistent_property_record = persistent_properties->add_properties();
+    persistent_property_record->set_name(name);
+    persistent_property_record->set_value(value);
+}
+
+Result<PersistentProperties> LoadLegacyPersistentProperties() {
     std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir), closedir);
     if (!dir) {
         return ErrnoError() << "Unable to open persistent property directory \""
                             << kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir << "\"";
     }
 
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties;
+    PersistentProperties persistent_properties;
     dirent* entry;
     while ((entry = readdir(dir.get())) != nullptr) {
         if (!StartsWith(entry->d_name, "persist.")) {
@@ -87,7 +94,7 @@
 
         std::string value;
         if (ReadFdToString(fd, &value)) {
-            persistent_properties.emplace_back(entry->d_name, value);
+            AddPersistentProperty(entry->d_name, value, &persistent_properties);
         } else {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to read persistent property file " << entry->d_name;
         }
@@ -115,30 +122,28 @@
     }
 }
 
-std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentPropertiesFromMemory() {
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> properties;
+PersistentProperties LoadPersistentPropertiesFromMemory() {
+    PersistentProperties persistent_properties;
     __system_property_foreach(
         [](const prop_info* pi, void* cookie) {
             __system_property_read_callback(
                 pi,
                 [](void* cookie, const char* name, const char* value, unsigned serial) {
                     if (StartsWith(name, "persist.")) {
-                        auto properties =
-                            reinterpret_cast<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>*>(
-                                cookie);
-                        properties->emplace_back(name, value);
+                        auto properties = reinterpret_cast<PersistentProperties*>(cookie);
+                        AddPersistentProperty(name, value, properties);
                     }
                 },
                 cookie);
         },
-        &properties);
-    return properties;
+        &persistent_properties);
+    return persistent_properties;
 }
 
 class PersistentPropertyFileParser {
   public:
     PersistentPropertyFileParser(const std::string& contents) : contents_(contents), position_(0) {}
-    Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> Parse();
+    Result<PersistentProperties> Parse();
 
   private:
     Result<std::string> ReadString();
@@ -148,9 +153,7 @@
     size_t position_;
 };
 
-Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> PersistentPropertyFileParser::Parse() {
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> result;
-
+Result<PersistentProperties> PersistentPropertyFileParser::Parse() {
     if (auto magic = ReadUint32(); magic) {
         if (*magic != kMagic) {
             return Error() << "Magic value '0x" << std::hex << *magic
@@ -174,24 +177,20 @@
         return Error() << "Could not read num_properties: " << num_properties.error();
     }
 
+    PersistentProperties result;
     while (position_ < contents_.size()) {
-        auto key = ReadString();
-        if (!key) {
-            return Error() << "Could not read key: " << key.error();
+        auto name = ReadString();
+        if (!name) {
+            return Error() << "Could not read name: " << name.error();
         }
-        if (!StartsWith(*key, "persist.")) {
-            return Error() << "Property '" << *key << "' does not starts with 'persist.'";
+        if (!StartsWith(*name, "persist.")) {
+            return Error() << "Property '" << *name << "' does not starts with 'persist.'";
         }
         auto value = ReadString();
         if (!value) {
             return Error() << "Could not read value: " << value.error();
         }
-        result.emplace_back(*key, *value);
-    }
-
-    if (result.size() != *num_properties) {
-        return Error() << "Mismatch of number of persistent properties read, " << result.size()
-                       << " and number of persistent properties expected, " << *num_properties;
+        AddPersistentProperty(*name, *value, &result);
     }
 
     return result;
@@ -220,9 +219,7 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-}  // namespace
-
-Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadPersistentPropertyFile() {
+Result<std::string> ReadPersistentPropertyFile() {
     const std::string temp_filename = persistent_property_filename + ".tmp";
     if (access(temp_filename.c_str(), F_OK) == 0) {
         LOG(INFO)
@@ -234,51 +231,47 @@
     if (!file_contents) {
         return Error() << "Unable to read persistent property file: " << file_contents.error();
     }
+    return *file_contents;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Result<PersistentProperties> LoadPersistentPropertyFile() {
+    auto file_contents = ReadPersistentPropertyFile();
+    if (!file_contents) return file_contents.error();
+
+    // Check the intermediate "I should have used protobufs from the start" format.
+    // TODO: Remove this.
     auto parsed_contents = PersistentPropertyFileParser(*file_contents).Parse();
-    if (!parsed_contents) {
-        // If the file cannot be parsed, then we don't have any recovery mechanisms, so we delete
-        // it to allow for future writes to take place successfully.
-        unlink(persistent_property_filename.c_str());
-        return Error() << "Unable to parse persistent property file: " << parsed_contents.error();
+    if (parsed_contents) {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Intermediate format persistent property file found, converting to protobuf";
+
+        // Update to the protobuf format
+        WritePersistentPropertyFile(*parsed_contents);
+        return parsed_contents;
     }
-    return parsed_contents;
+
+    PersistentProperties persistent_properties;
+    if (persistent_properties.ParseFromString(*file_contents)) return persistent_properties;
+
+    // If the file cannot be parsed in either format, then we don't have any recovery
+    // mechanisms, so we delete it to allow for future writes to take place successfully.
+    unlink(persistent_property_filename.c_str());
+    return Error() << "Unable to parse persistent property file: " << parsed_contents.error();
 }
 
-std::string GenerateFileContents(
-    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties) {
-    std::string result;
-
-    uint32_t magic = kMagic;
-    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&magic), sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-    uint32_t version = 1;
-    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&version), sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-    uint32_t num_properties = persistent_properties.size();
-    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num_properties), sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-    for (const auto& [key, value] : persistent_properties) {
-        uint32_t key_length = key.length();
-        result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&key_length), sizeof(uint32_t));
-        result.append(key);
-        uint32_t value_length = value.length();
-        result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&value_length), sizeof(uint32_t));
-        result.append(value);
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(
-    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties) {
-    auto file_contents = GenerateFileContents(persistent_properties);
-
+Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(const PersistentProperties& persistent_properties) {
     const std::string temp_filename = persistent_property_filename + ".tmp";
     unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
         open(temp_filename.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0600)));
     if (fd == -1) {
         return ErrnoError() << "Could not open temporary properties file";
     }
-    if (!WriteStringToFd(file_contents, fd)) {
+    std::string serialized_string;
+    if (!persistent_properties.SerializeToString(&serialized_string)) {
+        return Error() << "Unable to serialize properties";
+    }
+    if (!WriteStringToFd(serialized_string, fd)) {
         return ErrnoError() << "Unable to write file contents";
     }
     fsync(fd);
@@ -295,26 +288,30 @@
 // Persistent properties are not written often, so we rather not keep any data in memory and read
 // then rewrite the persistent property file for each update.
 void WritePersistentProperty(const std::string& name, const std::string& value) {
-    auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
-    if (!persistent_properties) {
+    auto file_contents = ReadPersistentPropertyFile();
+    PersistentProperties persistent_properties;
+
+    if (!file_contents || !persistent_properties.ParseFromString(*file_contents)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Recovering persistent properties from memory: "
-                   << persistent_properties.error();
+                   << (!file_contents ? file_contents.error_string() : "Could not parse protobuf");
         persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertiesFromMemory();
     }
-    auto it = std::find_if(persistent_properties->begin(), persistent_properties->end(),
-                           [&name](const auto& entry) { return entry.first == name; });
-    if (it != persistent_properties->end()) {
-        *it = {name, value};
+    auto it = std::find_if(persistent_properties.mutable_properties()->begin(),
+                           persistent_properties.mutable_properties()->end(),
+                           [&name](const auto& record) { return record.name() == name; });
+    if (it != persistent_properties.mutable_properties()->end()) {
+        it->set_name(name);
+        it->set_value(value);
     } else {
-        persistent_properties->emplace_back(name, value);
+        AddPersistentProperty(name, value, &persistent_properties);
     }
 
-    if (auto result = WritePersistentPropertyFile(*persistent_properties); !result) {
+    if (auto result = WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties); !result) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Could not store persistent property: " << result.error();
     }
 }
 
-std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentProperties() {
+PersistentProperties LoadPersistentProperties() {
     auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
 
     if (!persistent_properties) {
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties.h b/init/persistent_properties.h
index d84d9db..5f4df85 100644
--- a/init/persistent_properties.h
+++ b/init/persistent_properties.h
@@ -18,22 +18,19 @@
 #define _INIT_PERSISTENT_PROPERTIES_H
 
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 
 #include "result.h"
+#include "system/core/init/persistent_properties.pb.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentProperties();
+PersistentProperties LoadPersistentProperties();
 void WritePersistentProperty(const std::string& name, const std::string& value);
 
 // Exposed only for testing
-Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
-std::string GenerateFileContents(
-    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties);
-Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(
-    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties);
+Result<PersistentProperties> LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(const PersistentProperties& persistent_properties);
 extern std::string persistent_property_filename;
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/signal_handler.h b/init/persistent_properties.proto
similarity index 64%
copy from init/signal_handler.h
copy to init/persistent_properties.proto
index 9362be5..c8d2e3a 100644
--- a/init/signal_handler.h
+++ b/init/persistent_properties.proto
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,17 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef _INIT_SIGNAL_HANDLER_H_
-#define _INIT_SIGNAL_HANDLER_H_
+syntax = "proto2";
+option optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME;
 
-namespace android {
-namespace init {
+message PersistentProperties {
+    message PersistentPropertyRecord {
+        optional string name = 1;
+        optional string value = 2;
+    }
 
-void ReapAnyOutstandingChildren();
-
-void signal_handler_init(void);
-
-}  // namespace init
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif
+    repeated PersistentPropertyRecord properties = 1;
+}
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp b/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp
index 9ab5b22..872e9a1 100644
--- a/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp
+++ b/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 
+#include <vector>
+
 #include <android-base/test_utils.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -28,34 +30,40 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-TEST(persistent_properties, GeneratedContents) {
-    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
-        {"persist.abc", ""},
-        {"persist.def", "test_success"},
+PersistentProperties VectorToPersistentProperties(
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& input_properties) {
+    PersistentProperties persistent_properties;
+
+    for (const auto& [name, value] : input_properties) {
+        auto persistent_property_record = persistent_properties.add_properties();
+        persistent_property_record->set_name(name);
+        persistent_property_record->set_value(value);
+    }
+
+    return persistent_properties;
+}
+
+void CheckPropertiesEqual(std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> expected,
+                          const PersistentProperties& persistent_properties) {
+    for (const auto& persistent_property_record : persistent_properties.properties()) {
+        auto it = std::find_if(expected.begin(), expected.end(),
+                               [persistent_property_record](const auto& entry) {
+                                   return entry.first == persistent_property_record.name() &&
+                                          entry.second == persistent_property_record.value();
+                               });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(it != expected.end())
+            << "Found unexpected property (" << persistent_property_record.name() << ", "
+            << persistent_property_record.value() << ")";
+        expected.erase(it);
+    }
+    auto joiner = [](const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& vector) {
+        std::string result;
+        for (const auto& [name, value] : vector) {
+            result += " (" + name + ", " + value + ")";
+        }
+        return result;
     };
-    auto generated_contents = GenerateFileContents(persistent_properties);
-
-    // Manually serialized contents below:
-    std::string file_contents;
-    // All values below are written and read as little endian.
-    // Add magic value: 0x8495E0B4
-    file_contents += "\xB4\xE0\x95\x84"s;
-    // Add version: 1
-    file_contents += "\x01\x00\x00\x00"s;
-    // Add number of properties: 2
-    file_contents += "\x02\x00\x00\x00"s;
-
-    // Add first key: persist.abc
-    file_contents += "\x0B\x00\x00\x00persist.abc"s;
-    // Add first value: (empty string)
-    file_contents += "\x00\x00\x00\x00"s;
-
-    // Add second key: persist.def
-    file_contents += "\x0B\x00\x00\x00persist.def"s;
-    // Add second value: test_success
-    file_contents += "\x0C\x00\x00\x00test_success"s;
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(file_contents, generated_contents);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(expected.empty()) << "Did not find expected properties:" << joiner(expected);
 }
 
 TEST(persistent_properties, EndToEnd) {
@@ -70,41 +78,15 @@
         {"persist.test.new.line", "abc\n\n\nabc"},
         {"persist.test.numbers", "1234567890"},
         {"persist.test.non.ascii", "\x00\x01\x02\xFF\xFE\xFD\x7F\x8F\x9F"},
-        // We don't currently allow for non-ascii keys for system properties, but this is a policy
+        // We don't currently allow for non-ascii names for system properties, but this is a policy
         // decision, not a technical limitation.
-        {"persist.\x00\x01\x02\xFF\xFE\xFD\x7F\x8F\x9F", "non-ascii-key"},
+        {"persist.\x00\x01\x02\xFF\xFE\xFD\x7F\x8F\x9F", "non-ascii-name"},
     };
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(VectorToPersistentProperties(persistent_properties)));
 
     auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
-    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties, read_back_properties);
-}
-
-TEST(persistent_properties, BadMagic) {
-    TemporaryFile tf;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
-    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFile(tf.path, "ab"));
-
-    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(read_back_properties);
-    EXPECT_EQ(
-        "Unable to parse persistent property file: Could not read magic value: Input buffer not "
-        "large enough to read uint32_t",
-        read_back_properties.error_string());
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFile(tf.path, "\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF"));
-
-    read_back_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(read_back_properties);
-    EXPECT_EQ(
-        "Unable to parse persistent property file: Magic value '0xffffffff' does not match "
-        "expected value '0x8495e0b4'",
-        read_back_properties.error_string());
+    CheckPropertiesEqual(persistent_properties, read_back_properties);
 }
 
 TEST(persistent_properties, AddProperty) {
@@ -115,7 +97,7 @@
     std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
         {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
     };
-    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(VectorToPersistentProperties(persistent_properties)));
 
     WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
 
@@ -125,7 +107,7 @@
     };
 
     auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
-    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
+    CheckPropertiesEqual(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
 }
 
 TEST(persistent_properties, UpdateProperty) {
@@ -137,7 +119,7 @@
         {"persist.sys.locale", "en-US"},
         {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
     };
-    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(VectorToPersistentProperties(persistent_properties)));
 
     WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
 
@@ -147,7 +129,7 @@
     };
 
     auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
-    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
+    CheckPropertiesEqual(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
 }
 
 TEST(persistent_properties, UpdatePropertyBadParse) {
@@ -160,13 +142,14 @@
     WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
 
     auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
-    EXPECT_GT(read_back_properties.size(), 0U);
+    EXPECT_GT(read_back_properties.properties().size(), 0);
 
-    auto it = std::find_if(
-        read_back_properties.begin(), read_back_properties.end(), [](const auto& entry) {
-            return entry.first == "persist.sys.locale" && entry.second == "pt-BR";
-        });
-    EXPECT_FALSE(it == read_back_properties.end());
+    auto it =
+        std::find_if(read_back_properties.properties().begin(),
+                     read_back_properties.properties().end(), [](const auto& entry) {
+                         return entry.name() == "persist.sys.locale" && entry.value() == "pt-BR";
+                     });
+    EXPECT_FALSE(it == read_back_properties.properties().end());
 }
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/property_service.cpp b/init/property_service.cpp
index 5f5ed40..0df96bf 100644
--- a/init/property_service.cpp
+++ b/init/property_service.cpp
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@
 
 void property_init() {
     if (__system_property_area_init()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to initialize property area";
-        exit(1);
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Failed to initialize property area";
     }
 }
 
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@
             LOG(ERROR) << "property_set_async(\"" << info.name << "\", \"" << info.value
                        << "\") failed";
         }
-        exit(0);
+        _exit(0);
     }
 }
 
@@ -641,8 +640,8 @@
     load_override_properties();
     /* Read persistent properties after all default values have been loaded. */
     auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
-    for (const auto& [name, value] : persistent_properties) {
-        property_set(name, value);
+    for (const auto& persistent_property_record : persistent_properties.properties()) {
+        property_set(persistent_property_record.name(), persistent_property_record.value());
     }
     persistent_properties_loaded = true;
     property_set("ro.persistent_properties.ready", "true");
@@ -712,8 +711,7 @@
     property_set_fd = CreateSocket(PROP_SERVICE_NAME, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK,
                                    false, 0666, 0, 0, nullptr);
     if (property_set_fd == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "start_property_service socket creation failed";
-        exit(1);
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "start_property_service socket creation failed";
     }
 
     listen(property_set_fd, 8);
diff --git a/init/reboot.cpp b/init/reboot.cpp
index 891ca03..18f493a 100644
--- a/init/reboot.cpp
+++ b/init/reboot.cpp
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 #include "init.h"
 #include "property_service.h"
 #include "service.h"
-#include "signal_handler.h"
+#include "sigchld_handler.h"
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 using android::base::Timer;
@@ -169,9 +169,7 @@
                  << stat;
 }
 
-// Determines whether the system is capable of rebooting. This is conservative,
-// so if any of the attempts to determine this fail, it will still return true.
-static bool IsRebootCapable() {
+bool IsRebootCapable() {
     if (!CAP_IS_SUPPORTED(CAP_SYS_BOOT)) {
         PLOG(WARNING) << "CAP_SYS_BOOT is not supported";
         return true;
@@ -485,6 +483,8 @@
                 // Run fsck once the file system is remounted in read-only mode.
                 run_fsck = true;
             } else if (cmd_params[1] == "thermal") {
+                // Turn off sources of heat immediately.
+                TurnOffBacklight();
                 // run_fsck is false to avoid delay
                 cmd = ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF;
             }
diff --git a/init/reboot.h b/init/reboot.h
index ece407f..1c58bd1 100644
--- a/init/reboot.h
+++ b/init/reboot.h
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
 // Parses and handles a setprop sys.powerctl message.
 bool HandlePowerctlMessage(const std::string& command);
 
+// Determines whether the system is capable of rebooting. This is conservative,
+// so if any of the attempts to determine this fail, it will still return true.
+bool IsRebootCapable();
+
 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
 
diff --git a/init/result.h b/init/result.h
index 36c3b83..fc03962 100644
--- a/init/result.h
+++ b/init/result.h
@@ -153,8 +153,14 @@
 template <typename T>
 class Result {
   public:
-    template <typename... U>
-    Result(U&&... result) : contents_(std::in_place_index_t<0>(), std::forward<U>(result)...) {}
+    Result() {}
+
+    template <typename U, typename... V,
+              typename = std::enable_if_t<!(std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<U>, Result<T>> &&
+                                            sizeof...(V) == 0)>>
+    Result(U&& result, V&&... results)
+        : contents_(std::in_place_index_t<0>(), std::forward<U>(result),
+                    std::forward<V>(results)...) {}
 
     Result(Error&& error) : contents_(std::in_place_index_t<1>(), error.str(), error.get_errno()) {}
     Result(const ResultError& result_error)
diff --git a/init/result_test.cpp b/init/result_test.cpp
index 19caaf5..327b444 100644
--- a/init/result_test.cpp
+++ b/init/result_test.cpp
@@ -276,6 +276,49 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, ConstructorTracker::move_assignment_called);
 }
 
+// Below two tests require that we do not hide the move constructor with our forwarding reference
+// constructor.  This is done with by disabling the forwarding reference constructor if its first
+// and only type is Result<T>.
+TEST(result, result_result_with_success) {
+    auto return_result_result_with_success = []() -> Result<Result<Success>> {
+        return Result<Success>();
+    };
+    auto result = return_result_result_with_success();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(*result);
+
+    auto inner_result = result.value();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(inner_result);
+}
+
+TEST(result, result_result_with_failure) {
+    auto return_result_result_with_error = []() -> Result<Result<Success>> {
+        return Result<Success>(ResultError("failure string", 6));
+    };
+    auto result = return_result_result_with_error();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(*result);
+    EXPECT_EQ("failure string", result->error_string());
+    EXPECT_EQ(6, result->error_errno());
+}
+
+// This test requires that we disable the forwarding reference constructor if Result<T> is the
+// *only* type that we are forwarding.  In otherwords, if we are forwarding Result<T>, int to
+// construct a Result<T>, then we still need the constructor.
+TEST(result, result_two_parameter_constructor_same_type) {
+    struct TestStruct {
+        TestStruct(int value) : value_(value) {}
+        TestStruct(Result<TestStruct> result, int value) : value_(result->value_ * value) {}
+        int value_;
+    };
+
+    auto return_test_struct = []() -> Result<TestStruct> { return {Result<TestStruct>(6), 6}; };
+
+    auto result = return_test_struct();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
+    EXPECT_EQ(36, result->value_);
+}
+
 TEST(result, die_on_access_failed_result) {
     Result<std::string> result = Error();
     ASSERT_DEATH(*result, "");
diff --git a/init/service.cpp b/init/service.cpp
index 6f27a4b..86b910a 100644
--- a/init/service.cpp
+++ b/init/service.cpp
@@ -135,17 +135,21 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void ExpandArgs(const std::vector<std::string>& args, std::vector<char*>* strs) {
+static bool ExpandArgsAndExecv(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
     std::vector<std::string> expanded_args;
+    std::vector<char*> c_strings;
+
     expanded_args.resize(args.size());
-    strs->push_back(const_cast<char*>(args[0].c_str()));
+    c_strings.push_back(const_cast<char*>(args[0].data()));
     for (std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); ++i) {
         if (!expand_props(args[i], &expanded_args[i])) {
             LOG(FATAL) << args[0] << ": cannot expand '" << args[i] << "'";
         }
-        strs->push_back(const_cast<char*>(expanded_args[i].c_str()));
+        c_strings.push_back(expanded_args[i].data());
     }
-    strs->push_back(nullptr);
+    c_strings.push_back(nullptr);
+
+    return execv(c_strings[0], c_strings.data()) == 0;
 }
 
 unsigned long Service::next_start_order_ = 1;
@@ -785,10 +789,8 @@
         // priority. Aborts on failure.
         SetProcessAttributes();
 
-        std::vector<char*> strs;
-        ExpandArgs(args_, &strs);
-        if (execv(strs[0], (char**)&strs[0]) < 0) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "cannot execve('" << strs[0] << "')";
+        if (!ExpandArgsAndExecv(args_)) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "cannot execve('" << args_[0] << "')";
         }
 
         _exit(127);
diff --git a/init/signal_handler.cpp b/init/sigchld_handler.cpp
similarity index 96%
rename from init/signal_handler.cpp
rename to init/sigchld_handler.cpp
index 9e49c48..fa67199 100644
--- a/init/signal_handler.cpp
+++ b/init/sigchld_handler.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "signal_handler.h"
+#include "sigchld_handler.h"
 
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -115,12 +115,11 @@
     }
 }
 
-void signal_handler_init() {
+void sigchld_handler_init() {
     // Create a signalling mechanism for SIGCHLD.
     int s[2];
     if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_NONBLOCK | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, s) == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "socketpair failed";
-        exit(1);
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "socketpair failed in sigchld_handler_init";
     }
 
     signal_write_fd = s[0];
diff --git a/init/signal_handler.h b/init/sigchld_handler.h
similarity index 88%
rename from init/signal_handler.h
rename to init/sigchld_handler.h
index 9362be5..c86dc8d 100644
--- a/init/signal_handler.h
+++ b/init/sigchld_handler.h
@@ -14,15 +14,15 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef _INIT_SIGNAL_HANDLER_H_
-#define _INIT_SIGNAL_HANDLER_H_
+#ifndef _INIT_SIGCHLD_HANDLER_H_
+#define _INIT_SIGCHLD_HANDLER_H_
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
 void ReapAnyOutstandingChildren();
 
-void signal_handler_init(void);
+void sigchld_handler_init(void);
 
 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp b/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
index 61812ab..b4481cc 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
@@ -68,6 +68,32 @@
   return library == "libunwindstack.so" || library == "libbacktrace.so";
 }
 
+static void SetFrameInfo(unwindstack::Regs* regs, unwindstack::MapInfo* map_info,
+                         uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc, backtrace_frame_data_t* frame) {
+  // This will point to the adjusted absolute pc. regs->pc() is
+  // unaltered.
+  frame->pc = map_info->start + adjusted_rel_pc;
+  frame->sp = regs->sp();
+  frame->rel_pc = adjusted_rel_pc;
+  frame->stack_size = 0;
+
+  frame->map.start = map_info->start;
+  frame->map.end = map_info->end;
+  frame->map.offset = map_info->offset;
+  frame->map.flags = map_info->flags;
+  frame->map.name = map_info->name;
+
+  unwindstack::Elf* elf = map_info->elf;
+  frame->map.load_bias = elf->GetLoadBias();
+  uint64_t func_offset = 0;
+  if (elf->GetFunctionName(adjusted_rel_pc, &frame->func_name, &func_offset)) {
+    frame->func_name = demangle(frame->func_name.c_str());
+  } else {
+    frame->func_name = "";
+  }
+  frame->func_offset = func_offset;
+}
+
 static bool Unwind(unwindstack::Regs* regs, BacktraceMap* back_map,
                    std::vector<backtrace_frame_data_t>* frames, size_t num_ignore_frames) {
   UnwindStackMap* stack_map = reinterpret_cast<UnwindStackMap*>(back_map);
@@ -75,70 +101,96 @@
   bool adjust_rel_pc = false;
   size_t num_frames = 0;
   frames->clear();
+  bool return_address_attempted = false;
+  auto process_memory = stack_map->process_memory();
   while (num_frames < MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES) {
-    if (regs->pc() == 0) {
-      break;
-    }
     unwindstack::MapInfo* map_info = maps->Find(regs->pc());
+    bool stepped;
+    bool in_device_map = false;
     if (map_info == nullptr) {
-      break;
-    }
-
-    unwindstack::Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(stack_map->process_memory(), true);
-    uint64_t rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs->pc(), map_info);
-
-    bool skip_frame = num_frames == 0 && IsUnwindLibrary(map_info->name);
-    if (num_ignore_frames == 0 && !skip_frame) {
-      uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc = rel_pc;
-      if (adjust_rel_pc) {
-        adjusted_rel_pc = regs->GetAdjustedPc(rel_pc, elf);
-      }
-      frames->resize(num_frames + 1);
-      backtrace_frame_data_t* frame = &frames->at(num_frames);
-      frame->num = num_frames;
-      // This will point to the adjusted absolute pc. regs->pc() is
-      // unaltered.
-      frame->pc = map_info->start + adjusted_rel_pc;
-      frame->sp = regs->sp();
-      frame->rel_pc = adjusted_rel_pc;
-      frame->stack_size = 0;
-
-      frame->map.start = map_info->start;
-      frame->map.end = map_info->end;
-      frame->map.offset = map_info->offset;
-      frame->map.load_bias = elf->GetLoadBias();
-      frame->map.flags = map_info->flags;
-      frame->map.name = map_info->name;
-
-      uint64_t func_offset = 0;
-      if (elf->GetFunctionName(adjusted_rel_pc, &frame->func_name, &func_offset)) {
-        frame->func_name = demangle(frame->func_name.c_str());
+      stepped = false;
+      if (num_ignore_frames == 0) {
+        frames->resize(num_frames + 1);
+        backtrace_frame_data_t* frame = &frames->at(num_frames);
+        frame->pc = regs->pc();
+        frame->sp = regs->sp();
+        frame->rel_pc = frame->pc;
+        num_frames++;
       } else {
-        frame->func_name = "";
+        num_ignore_frames--;
       }
-      frame->func_offset = func_offset;
-      if (num_frames > 0) {
-        // Set the stack size for the previous frame.
-        backtrace_frame_data_t* prev = &frames->at(num_frames - 1);
-        prev->stack_size = frame->sp - prev->sp;
+    } else {
+      unwindstack::Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory, true);
+      uint64_t rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs->pc(), map_info);
+
+      if (frames->size() != 0 || !IsUnwindLibrary(map_info->name)) {
+        if (num_ignore_frames == 0) {
+          uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc = rel_pc;
+          if (adjust_rel_pc) {
+            adjusted_rel_pc = regs->GetAdjustedPc(rel_pc, elf);
+          }
+
+          frames->resize(num_frames + 1);
+          backtrace_frame_data_t* frame = &frames->at(num_frames);
+          frame->num = num_frames;
+          SetFrameInfo(regs, map_info, adjusted_rel_pc, frame);
+
+          if (num_frames > 0) {
+            // Set the stack size for the previous frame.
+            backtrace_frame_data_t* prev = &frames->at(num_frames - 1);
+            prev->stack_size = frame->sp - prev->sp;
+          }
+          num_frames++;
+        } else {
+          num_ignore_frames--;
+        }
       }
-      num_frames++;
-    } else if (!skip_frame && num_ignore_frames > 0) {
-      num_ignore_frames--;
+
+      if (map_info->flags & PROT_DEVICE_MAP) {
+        // Do not stop here, fall through in case we are
+        // in the speculative unwind path and need to remove
+        // some of the speculative frames.
+        stepped = false;
+        in_device_map = true;
+      } else {
+        unwindstack::MapInfo* sp_info = maps->Find(regs->sp());
+        if (sp_info->flags & PROT_DEVICE_MAP) {
+          // Do not stop here, fall through in case we are
+          // in the speculative unwind path and need to remove
+          // some of the speculative frames.
+          stepped = false;
+          in_device_map = true;
+        } else {
+          bool finished;
+          stepped = elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs, process_memory.get(), &finished);
+          if (stepped && finished) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
     adjust_rel_pc = true;
 
-    // Do not unwind through a device map.
-    if (map_info->flags & PROT_DEVICE_MAP) {
-      break;
-    }
-    unwindstack::MapInfo* sp_info = maps->Find(regs->sp());
-    if (sp_info->flags & PROT_DEVICE_MAP) {
-      break;
-    }
-
-    if (!elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs, stack_map->process_memory().get())) {
-      break;
+    if (!stepped) {
+      if (return_address_attempted) {
+        // Remove the speculative frame.
+        if (frames->size() > 0) {
+          frames->pop_back();
+        }
+        break;
+      } else if (in_device_map) {
+        // Do not attempt any other unwinding, pc or sp is in a device
+        // map.
+        break;
+      } else {
+        // Stepping didn't work, try this secondary method.
+        if (!regs->SetPcFromReturnAddress(process_memory.get())) {
+          break;
+        }
+        return_address_attempted = true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      return_address_attempted = false;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
index 9fe2d1c..e5eb9e3 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
@@ -82,6 +82,14 @@
   int32_t done;
 };
 
+typedef Backtrace* (*create_func_t)(pid_t, pid_t, BacktraceMap*);
+typedef BacktraceMap* (*map_create_func_t)(pid_t, bool);
+
+static void VerifyLevelDump(Backtrace* backtrace, create_func_t create_func = nullptr,
+                            map_create_func_t map_func = nullptr);
+static void VerifyMaxDump(Backtrace* backtrace, create_func_t create_func = nullptr,
+                          map_create_func_t map_func = nullptr);
+
 static uint64_t NanoTime() {
   struct timespec t = { 0, 0 };
   clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t);
@@ -147,7 +155,7 @@
   return found;
 }
 
-static void VerifyLevelDump(Backtrace* backtrace) {
+static void VerifyLevelDump(Backtrace* backtrace, create_func_t, map_create_func_t) {
   ASSERT_GT(backtrace->NumFrames(), static_cast<size_t>(0))
     << DumpFrames(backtrace);
   ASSERT_LT(backtrace->NumFrames(), static_cast<size_t>(MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES))
@@ -189,7 +197,7 @@
   return (backtrace->NumFrames() == MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES);
 }
 
-static void VerifyMaxDump(Backtrace* backtrace) {
+static void VerifyMaxDump(Backtrace* backtrace, create_func_t, map_create_func_t) {
   ASSERT_EQ(backtrace->NumFrames(), static_cast<size_t>(MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES))
     << DumpFrames(backtrace);
   // Verify that the last frame is our recursive call.
@@ -251,10 +259,14 @@
 
 static void VerifyIgnoreFrames(Backtrace* bt_all, Backtrace* bt_ign1, Backtrace* bt_ign2,
                                const char* cur_proc) {
-  EXPECT_EQ(bt_all->NumFrames(), bt_ign1->NumFrames() + 1)
-    << "All backtrace:\n" << DumpFrames(bt_all) << "Ignore 1 backtrace:\n" << DumpFrames(bt_ign1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(bt_all->NumFrames(), bt_ign2->NumFrames() + 2)
-    << "All backtrace:\n" << DumpFrames(bt_all) << "Ignore 2 backtrace:\n" << DumpFrames(bt_ign2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(bt_all->NumFrames(), bt_ign1->NumFrames() + 1) << "All backtrace:\n"
+                                                           << DumpFrames(bt_all)
+                                                           << "Ignore 1 backtrace:\n"
+                                                           << DumpFrames(bt_ign1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(bt_all->NumFrames(), bt_ign2->NumFrames() + 2) << "All backtrace:\n"
+                                                           << DumpFrames(bt_all)
+                                                           << "Ignore 2 backtrace:\n"
+                                                           << DumpFrames(bt_ign2);
 
   // Check all of the frames are the same > the current frame.
   bool check = (cur_proc == nullptr);
@@ -305,9 +317,8 @@
 }
 
 static void VerifyProcTest(pid_t pid, pid_t tid, bool (*ReadyFunc)(Backtrace*),
-                           void (*VerifyFunc)(Backtrace*),
-                           Backtrace* (*back_func)(pid_t, pid_t, BacktraceMap*),
-                           BacktraceMap* (*map_func)(pid_t, bool)) {
+                           void (*VerifyFunc)(Backtrace*, create_func_t, map_create_func_t),
+                           create_func_t create_func, map_create_func_t map_create_func) {
   pid_t ptrace_tid;
   if (tid < 0) {
     ptrace_tid = pid;
@@ -324,13 +335,13 @@
       WaitForStop(ptrace_tid);
 
       std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map;
-      map.reset(map_func(pid, false));
-      std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(back_func(pid, tid, map.get()));
+      map.reset(map_create_func(pid, false));
+      std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(create_func(pid, tid, map.get()));
       ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace.get() != nullptr);
       ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace->Unwind(0));
       ASSERT_EQ(BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR, backtrace->GetError());
       if (ReadyFunc(backtrace.get())) {
-        VerifyFunc(backtrace.get());
+        VerifyFunc(backtrace.get(), create_func, map_create_func);
         verified = true;
       } else {
         last_dump = DumpFrames(backtrace.get());
@@ -399,13 +410,15 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(waitpid(pid, &status, 0), pid);
 }
 
-static void VerifyProcessIgnoreFrames(Backtrace* bt_all) {
-  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> ign1(Backtrace::Create(bt_all->Pid(), BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD));
+static void VerifyProcessIgnoreFrames(Backtrace* bt_all, create_func_t create_func,
+                                      map_create_func_t map_create_func) {
+  std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map(map_create_func(bt_all->Pid(), false));
+  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> ign1(create_func(bt_all->Pid(), BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, map.get()));
   ASSERT_TRUE(ign1.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_TRUE(ign1->Unwind(1));
   ASSERT_EQ(BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR, ign1->GetError());
 
-  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> ign2(Backtrace::Create(bt_all->Pid(), BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD));
+  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> ign2(create_func(bt_all->Pid(), BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, map.get()));
   ASSERT_TRUE(ign2.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_TRUE(ign2->Unwind(2));
   ASSERT_EQ(BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR, ign2->GetError());
@@ -1702,9 +1715,8 @@
     ;
 }
 
-static void UnwindThroughSignal(bool use_action,
-                                Backtrace* (*back_func)(pid_t, pid_t, BacktraceMap*),
-                                BacktraceMap* (*map_func)(pid_t, bool)) {
+static void UnwindThroughSignal(bool use_action, create_func_t create_func,
+                                map_create_func_t map_create_func) {
   volatile int value = 0;
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
@@ -1730,8 +1742,8 @@
 
     WaitForStop(pid);
 
-    std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map(map_func(pid, false));
-    std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(back_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
+    std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map(map_create_func(pid, false));
+    std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(create_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
 
     size_t bytes_read = backtrace->Read(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(const_cast<int*>(&value)),
                                         reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&read_value), sizeof(read_value));
@@ -1758,9 +1770,9 @@
 
     WaitForStop(pid);
 
-    map.reset(map_func(pid, false));
+    map.reset(map_create_func(pid, false));
     ASSERT_TRUE(map.get() != nullptr);
-    backtrace.reset(back_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
+    backtrace.reset(create_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
     ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace->Unwind(0));
     bool found = false;
     for (frame_iter = backtrace->begin(); frame_iter != backtrace->end(); ++frame_iter) {
diff --git a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/Backtrace.h b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/Backtrace.h
index d67ea50..289fd0c 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/Backtrace.h
+++ b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/Backtrace.h
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
   // Create a string representing the formatted line of backtrace information
   // for a single frame.
   virtual std::string FormatFrameData(size_t frame_num);
-  virtual std::string FormatFrameData(const backtrace_frame_data_t* frame);
+  static std::string FormatFrameData(const backtrace_frame_data_t* frame);
 
   pid_t Pid() const { return pid_; }
   pid_t Tid() const { return tid_; }
diff --git a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
index 963c34b..6cf8b3f 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
+++ b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@
   const_iterator begin() const { return maps_.begin(); }
   const_iterator end() const { return maps_.end(); }
 
+  size_t size() const { return maps_.size(); }
+
   virtual bool Build();
 
   static inline bool IsValid(const backtrace_map_t& map) {
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
index 4a5f2a7..47de12a 100644
--- a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libcrypto_utils",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "android_pubkey.c",
diff --git a/libcutils/fs_config.cpp b/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
index a1dbd78..1185040 100644
--- a/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
+++ b/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
@@ -175,6 +175,8 @@
                                            CAP_MASK_LONG(CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
                                            CAP_MASK_LONG(CAP_SETGID),
                                               "system/bin/logd" },
+    { 00550, AID_SYSTEM,    AID_LOG,      CAP_MASK_LONG(CAP_SYSLOG),
+                                              "system/bin/bootstat" },
     { 00750, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     CAP_MASK_LONG(CAP_SETUID) |
                                            CAP_MASK_LONG(CAP_SETGID),
                                               "system/bin/run-as" },
diff --git a/libdiskconfig/Android.bp b/libdiskconfig/Android.bp
index 088981a..23a5c79 100644
--- a/libdiskconfig/Android.bp
+++ b/libdiskconfig/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libdiskconfig",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
     srcs: [
         "diskconfig.c",
         "diskutils.c",
diff --git a/libion/include/ion/ion.h b/libion/include/ion/ion.h
index f47793d..a60d24e 100644
--- a/libion/include/ion/ion.h
+++ b/libion/include/ion/ion.h
@@ -41,6 +41,15 @@
 int ion_share(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle, int *share_fd);
 int ion_import(int fd, int share_fd, ion_user_handle_t *handle);
 
+/**
+  * Add 4.12+ kernel ION interfaces here for forward compatibility
+  * This should be needed till the pre-4.12+ ION interfaces are backported.
+  */
+int ion_query_heap_cnt(int fd, int* cnt);
+int ion_query_get_heaps(int fd, int cnt, void* buffers);
+
+int ion_is_legacy(int fd);
+
 __END_DECLS
 
 #endif /* __SYS_CORE_ION_H */
diff --git a/libion/ion.c b/libion/ion.c
index 9aaa6f2..5836128 100644
--- a/libion/ion.c
+++ b/libion/ion.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <linux/ion.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
@@ -30,81 +31,89 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <ion/ion.h>
+#include "ion_4.12.h"
+
 #include <log/log.h>
 
-int ion_open()
-{
+enum ion_version { ION_VERSION_UNKNOWN, ION_VERSION_MODERN, ION_VERSION_LEGACY };
+
+static atomic_int g_ion_version = ATOMIC_VAR_INIT(ION_VERSION_UNKNOWN);
+
+int ion_is_legacy(int fd) {
+    int version = atomic_load_explicit(&g_ion_version, memory_order_acquire);
+    if (version == ION_VERSION_UNKNOWN) {
+        /**
+          * Check for FREE IOCTL here; it is available only in the old
+          * kernels, not the new ones.
+          */
+        int err = ion_free(fd, (ion_user_handle_t)NULL);
+        version = (err == -ENOTTY) ? ION_VERSION_MODERN : ION_VERSION_LEGACY;
+        atomic_store_explicit(&g_ion_version, version, memory_order_release);
+    }
+    return version == ION_VERSION_LEGACY;
+}
+
+int ion_open() {
     int fd = open("/dev/ion", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd < 0)
-        ALOGE("open /dev/ion failed!\n");
+    if (fd < 0) ALOGE("open /dev/ion failed!\n");
+
     return fd;
 }
 
-int ion_close(int fd)
-{
+int ion_close(int fd) {
     int ret = close(fd);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return -errno;
+    if (ret < 0) return -errno;
     return ret;
 }
 
-static int ion_ioctl(int fd, int req, void *arg)
-{
+static int ion_ioctl(int fd, int req, void* arg) {
     int ret = ioctl(fd, req, arg);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        ALOGE("ioctl %x failed with code %d: %s\n", req,
-              ret, strerror(errno));
+        ALOGE("ioctl %x failed with code %d: %s\n", req, ret, strerror(errno));
         return -errno;
     }
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_alloc(int fd, size_t len, size_t align, unsigned int heap_mask,
-              unsigned int flags, ion_user_handle_t *handle)
-{
-    int ret;
+int ion_alloc(int fd, size_t len, size_t align, unsigned int heap_mask, unsigned int flags,
+              ion_user_handle_t* handle) {
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if ((handle == NULL) || (!ion_is_legacy(fd))) return -EINVAL;
+
     struct ion_allocation_data data = {
-        .len = len,
-        .align = align,
-        .heap_id_mask = heap_mask,
-        .flags = flags,
+        .len = len, .align = align, .heap_id_mask = heap_mask, .flags = flags,
     };
 
-    if (handle == NULL)
-        return -EINVAL;
-
     ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_ALLOC, &data);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
+    if (ret < 0) return ret;
+
     *handle = data.handle;
+
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_free(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle)
-{
+int ion_free(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle) {
     struct ion_handle_data data = {
         .handle = handle,
     };
     return ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_FREE, &data);
 }
 
-int ion_map(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle, size_t length, int prot,
-            int flags, off_t offset, unsigned char **ptr, int *map_fd)
-{
+int ion_map(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle, size_t length, int prot, int flags, off_t offset,
+            unsigned char** ptr, int* map_fd) {
+    if (!ion_is_legacy(fd)) return -EINVAL;
     int ret;
-    unsigned char *tmp_ptr;
+    unsigned char* tmp_ptr;
     struct ion_fd_data data = {
         .handle = handle,
     };
 
-    if (map_fd == NULL)
-        return -EINVAL;
-    if (ptr == NULL)
-        return -EINVAL;
+    if (map_fd == NULL) return -EINVAL;
+    if (ptr == NULL) return -EINVAL;
 
     ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_MAP, &data);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
+    if (ret < 0) return ret;
     if (data.fd < 0) {
         ALOGE("map ioctl returned negative fd\n");
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -119,19 +128,17 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_share(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle, int *share_fd)
-{
+int ion_share(int fd, ion_user_handle_t handle, int* share_fd) {
     int ret;
     struct ion_fd_data data = {
         .handle = handle,
     };
 
-    if (share_fd == NULL)
-        return -EINVAL;
+    if (!ion_is_legacy(fd)) return -EINVAL;
+    if (share_fd == NULL) return -EINVAL;
 
     ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_SHARE, &data);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
+    if (ret < 0) return ret;
     if (data.fd < 0) {
         ALOGE("share ioctl returned negative fd\n");
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -140,40 +147,75 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_alloc_fd(int fd, size_t len, size_t align, unsigned int heap_mask,
-                 unsigned int flags, int *handle_fd) {
+int ion_alloc_fd(int fd, size_t len, size_t align, unsigned int heap_mask, unsigned int flags,
+                 int* handle_fd) {
     ion_user_handle_t handle;
     int ret;
 
-    ret = ion_alloc(fd, len, align, heap_mask, flags, &handle);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
-    ret = ion_share(fd, handle, handle_fd);
-    ion_free(fd, handle);
+    if (!ion_is_legacy(fd)) {
+        struct ion_new_allocation_data data = {
+            .len = len,
+            .heap_id_mask = heap_mask,
+            .flags = flags,
+        };
+
+        ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_NEW_ALLOC, &data);
+        if (ret < 0) return ret;
+        *handle_fd = data.fd;
+    } else {
+        ret = ion_alloc(fd, len, align, heap_mask, flags, &handle);
+        if (ret < 0) return ret;
+        ret = ion_share(fd, handle, handle_fd);
+        ion_free(fd, handle);
+    }
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_import(int fd, int share_fd, ion_user_handle_t *handle)
-{
+int ion_import(int fd, int share_fd, ion_user_handle_t* handle) {
     int ret;
     struct ion_fd_data data = {
         .fd = share_fd,
     };
 
-    if (handle == NULL)
-        return -EINVAL;
+    if (!ion_is_legacy(fd)) return -EINVAL;
+
+    if (handle == NULL) return -EINVAL;
 
     ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_IMPORT, &data);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        return ret;
+    if (ret < 0) return ret;
     *handle = data.handle;
     return ret;
 }
 
-int ion_sync_fd(int fd, int handle_fd)
-{
+int ion_sync_fd(int fd, int handle_fd) {
     struct ion_fd_data data = {
         .fd = handle_fd,
     };
+
+    if (!ion_is_legacy(fd)) return -EINVAL;
+
     return ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_SYNC, &data);
 }
+
+int ion_query_heap_cnt(int fd, int* cnt) {
+    int ret;
+    struct ion_heap_query query;
+
+    memset(&query, 0, sizeof(query));
+
+    ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_HEAP_QUERY, &query);
+    if (ret < 0) return ret;
+
+    *cnt = query.cnt;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int ion_query_get_heaps(int fd, int cnt, void* buffers) {
+    int ret;
+    struct ion_heap_query query = {
+        .cnt = cnt, .heaps = (uintptr_t)buffers,
+    };
+
+    ret = ion_ioctl(fd, ION_IOC_HEAP_QUERY, &query);
+    return ret;
+}
diff --git a/libion/ion_4.12.h b/libion/ion_4.12.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ae79d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libion/ion_4.12.h
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Adapted from drivers/staging/android/uapi/ion.h
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Google, Inc.
+ *
+ * This software is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public
+ * License version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation, and
+ * may be copied, distributed, and modified under those terms.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef _UAPI_LINUX_ION_NEW_H
+#define _UAPI_LINUX_ION_NEW_H
+
+#include <linux/ioctl.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+#define ION_NUM_HEAP_IDS (sizeof(unsigned int) * 8)
+
+/**
+ * DOC: Ion Userspace API
+ *
+ * create a client by opening /dev/ion
+ * most operations handled via following ioctls
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * struct ion_new_allocation_data - metadata passed from userspace for allocations
+ * @len:		size of the allocation
+ * @heap_id_mask:	mask of heap ids to allocate from
+ * @flags:		flags passed to heap
+ * @handle:		pointer that will be populated with a cookie to use to
+ *			refer to this allocation
+ *
+ * Provided by userspace as an argument to the ioctl - added _new to denote
+ * this belongs to the new ION interface.
+ */
+struct ion_new_allocation_data {
+    __u64 len;
+    __u32 heap_id_mask;
+    __u32 flags;
+    __u32 fd;
+    __u32 unused;
+};
+
+#define MAX_HEAP_NAME 32
+
+/**
+ * struct ion_heap_data - data about a heap
+ * @name - first 32 characters of the heap name
+ * @type - heap type
+ * @heap_id - heap id for the heap
+ */
+struct ion_heap_data {
+    char name[MAX_HEAP_NAME];
+    __u32 type;
+    __u32 heap_id;
+    __u32 reserved0;
+    __u32 reserved1;
+    __u32 reserved2;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct ion_heap_query - collection of data about all heaps
+ * @cnt - total number of heaps to be copied
+ * @heaps - buffer to copy heap data
+ */
+struct ion_heap_query {
+    __u32 cnt;       /* Total number of heaps to be copied */
+    __u32 reserved0; /* align to 64bits */
+    __u64 heaps;     /* buffer to be populated */
+    __u32 reserved1;
+    __u32 reserved2;
+};
+
+#define ION_IOC_MAGIC 'I'
+
+/**
+ * DOC: ION_IOC_NEW_ALLOC - allocate memory
+ *
+ * Takes an ion_allocation_data struct and returns it with the handle field
+ * populated with the opaque handle for the allocation.
+ * TODO: This IOCTL will clash by design; however, only one of
+ *  ION_IOC_ALLOC or ION_IOC_NEW_ALLOC paths will be exercised,
+ *  so this should not conflict.
+ */
+#define ION_IOC_NEW_ALLOC _IOWR(ION_IOC_MAGIC, 0, struct ion_new_allocation_data)
+
+/**
+ * DOC: ION_IOC_FREE - free memory
+ *
+ * Takes an ion_handle_data struct and frees the handle.
+ *
+ * #define ION_IOC_FREE		_IOWR(ION_IOC_MAGIC, 1, struct ion_handle_data)
+ * This will come from the older kernels, so don't redefine here
+ */
+
+/**
+ * DOC: ION_IOC_SHARE - creates a file descriptor to use to share an allocation
+ *
+ * Takes an ion_fd_data struct with the handle field populated with a valid
+ * opaque handle.  Returns the struct with the fd field set to a file
+ * descriptor open in the current address space.  This file descriptor
+ * can then be passed to another process.  The corresponding opaque handle can
+ * be retrieved via ION_IOC_IMPORT.
+ *
+ * #define ION_IOC_SHARE		_IOWR(ION_IOC_MAGIC, 4, struct ion_fd_data)
+ * This will come from the older kernels, so don't redefine here
+ */
+
+/**
+ * DOC: ION_IOC_HEAP_QUERY - information about available heaps
+ *
+ * Takes an ion_heap_query structure and populates information about
+ * available Ion heaps.
+ */
+#define ION_IOC_HEAP_QUERY _IOWR(ION_IOC_MAGIC, 8, struct ion_heap_query)
+
+#endif /* _UAPI_LINUX_ION_NEW_H */
diff --git a/liblog/Android.bp b/liblog/Android.bp
index e74aa82..b98d18f 100644
--- a/liblog/Android.bp
+++ b/liblog/Android.bp
@@ -42,6 +42,24 @@
     "logd_writer.c",
 ]
 
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "liblog_headers",
+    host_supported: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    target: {
+        windows: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+        linux_bionic: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+        vendor: {
+            export_include_dirs: ["include_vndk"],
+        },
+    },
+}
+
 // Shared and static library for host and device
 // ========================================================
 cc_library {
@@ -81,7 +99,8 @@
         },
     },
 
-    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    header_libs: ["liblog_headers"],
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["liblog_headers"],
 
     cflags: [
         "-Werror",
@@ -100,7 +119,7 @@
 }
 
 ndk_headers {
-    name: "liblog_headers",
+    name: "liblog_ndk_headers",
     from: "include/android",
     to: "android",
     srcs: ["include/android/log.h"],
diff --git a/liblog/include/log/log_main.h b/liblog/include/log/log_main.h
index 5a3f04c..339a06d 100644
--- a/liblog/include/log/log_main.h
+++ b/liblog/include/log/log_main.h
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@
 #define _LIBS_LOG_LOG_MAIN_H
 
 #include <android/log.h>
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
+__BEGIN_DECLS
 
 /*
  * Normally we strip the effects of ALOGV (VERBOSE messages),
@@ -385,8 +384,6 @@
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
 #endif
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
+__END_DECLS
 
 #endif /* _LIBS_LOG_LOG_MAIN_H */
diff --git a/libmemtrack/Android.bp b/libmemtrack/Android.bp
index 68c580a..0955633 100644
--- a/libmemtrack/Android.bp
+++ b/libmemtrack/Android.bp
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libmemtrack",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
     srcs: ["memtrack.cpp"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     local_include_dirs: ["include"],
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/tests/DisableMalloc_test.cpp b/libmemunreachable/tests/DisableMalloc_test.cpp
index c630049..f446719 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/tests/DisableMalloc_test.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/tests/DisableMalloc_test.cpp
@@ -73,15 +73,18 @@
 TEST_F(DisableMallocTest, deadlock_new) {
   ASSERT_DEATH(
       {
-        char* ptr = new (char);
+        // C++ allows `new Foo` to be replaced with a stack allocation or merged
+        // with future `new Foo` expressions, provided certain conditions are
+        // met [expr.new/10]. None of this applies to `operator new(size_t)`.
+        void* ptr = ::operator new(1);
         ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
-        delete (ptr);
+        ::operator delete(ptr);
         {
           alarm(100ms);
           ScopedDisableMalloc disable_malloc;
-          char* ptr = new (std::nothrow)(char);
+          void* ptr = ::operator new(1);
           ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
-          delete (ptr);
+          ::operator delete(ptr);
         }
       },
       "");
@@ -90,14 +93,12 @@
 TEST_F(DisableMallocTest, deadlock_delete) {
   ASSERT_DEATH(
       {
-        char* ptr = new (char);
+        void* ptr = ::operator new(1);
         ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
         {
           alarm(250ms);
           ScopedDisableMalloc disable_malloc;
-          delete (ptr);
-          // Force ptr usage or this code gets optimized away by the arm64 compiler.
-          ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
+          ::operator delete(ptr);
         }
       },
       "");
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp b/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
index ec89388..87417f1 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 
 class HiddenPointer {
  public:
+  // Since we're doing such a good job of hiding it, the static analyzer
+  // thinks that we're leaking this `malloc`. This is probably related to
+  // https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=34198. NOLINTNEXTLINE
   explicit HiddenPointer(size_t size = 256) { Set(malloc(size)); }
   ~HiddenPointer() { Free(); }
   void* Get() { return reinterpret_cast<void*>(~ptr_); }
diff --git a/libmetricslogger/Android.bp b/libmetricslogger/Android.bp
index c692d1f..6549b8d 100644
--- a/libmetricslogger/Android.bp
+++ b/libmetricslogger/Android.bp
@@ -18,11 +18,6 @@
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
         "-Werror",
-
-        // 524291 corresponds to sysui_histogram, from
-        // frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/logging/EventLogTags.logtags
-        "-DHISTOGRAM_LOG_TAG=524292",
-        "-DCOUNT_LOG_TAG=524290",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/libmetricslogger/include/metricslogger/metrics_logger.h b/libmetricslogger/include/metricslogger/metrics_logger.h
index 36e124d..fcabcc9 100644
--- a/libmetricslogger/include/metricslogger/metrics_logger.h
+++ b/libmetricslogger/include/metricslogger/metrics_logger.h
@@ -28,14 +28,26 @@
 // log buffer.
 void LogCounter(const std::string& name, int32_t val);
 
+// Logs a Tron multi_action with category|category| containing the string
+// |value| in the field |field|.
+void LogMultiAction(int32_t category, int32_t field, const std::string& value);
+
 // TODO: replace these with the metric_logger.proto definitions
 enum {
     LOGBUILDER_CATEGORY = 757,
+    LOGBUILDER_TYPE = 758,
     LOGBUILDER_NAME = 799,
     LOGBUILDER_BUCKET = 801,
     LOGBUILDER_VALUE = 802,
     LOGBUILDER_COUNTER = 803,
     LOGBUILDER_HISTOGRAM = 804,
+
+    ACTION_BOOT = 1092,
+    FIELD_PLATFORM_REASON = 1093,
+};
+
+enum {
+    TYPE_ACTION = 4,
 };
 
 }  // namespace metricslogger
diff --git a/libmetricslogger/metrics_logger.cpp b/libmetricslogger/metrics_logger.cpp
index 6f65e10..fdc4407 100644
--- a/libmetricslogger/metrics_logger.cpp
+++ b/libmetricslogger/metrics_logger.cpp
@@ -18,24 +18,40 @@
 
 #include <cstdlib>
 
+#include <log/event_tag_map.h>
 #include <log/log_event_list.h>
 
+namespace {
+
+EventTagMap* kEventTagMap = android_openEventTagMap(nullptr);
+const int kSysuiMultiActionTag = android_lookupEventTagNum(
+    kEventTagMap, "sysui_multi_action", "(content|4)", ANDROID_LOG_UNKNOWN);
+
+}  // namespace
+
 namespace android {
 namespace metricslogger {
 
 // Mirror com.android.internal.logging.MetricsLogger#histogram().
 void LogHistogram(const std::string& event, int32_t data) {
-    android_log_event_list log(HISTOGRAM_LOG_TAG);
+    android_log_event_list log(kSysuiMultiActionTag);
     log << LOGBUILDER_CATEGORY << LOGBUILDER_HISTOGRAM << LOGBUILDER_NAME << event
         << LOGBUILDER_BUCKET << data << LOGBUILDER_VALUE << 1 << LOG_ID_EVENTS;
 }
 
 // Mirror com.android.internal.logging.MetricsLogger#count().
 void LogCounter(const std::string& name, int32_t val) {
-    android_log_event_list log(COUNT_LOG_TAG);
+    android_log_event_list log(kSysuiMultiActionTag);
     log << LOGBUILDER_CATEGORY << LOGBUILDER_COUNTER << LOGBUILDER_NAME << name << LOGBUILDER_VALUE
         << val << LOG_ID_EVENTS;
 }
 
+// Mirror com.android.internal.logging.MetricsLogger#action().
+void LogMultiAction(int32_t category, int32_t field, const std::string& value) {
+    android_log_event_list log(kSysuiMultiActionTag);
+    log << LOGBUILDER_CATEGORY << category << LOGBUILDER_TYPE << TYPE_ACTION
+        << field << value << LOG_ID_EVENTS;
+}
+
 }  // namespace metricslogger
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/libnetutils/Android.bp b/libnetutils/Android.bp
index 9967ef8..1d43775 100644
--- a/libnetutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libnetutils/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libnetutils",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
 
     srcs: [
         "dhcpclient.c",
diff --git a/libprocinfo/Android.bp b/libprocinfo/Android.bp
index aedaa38..b568ee5 100644
--- a/libprocinfo/Android.bp
+++ b/libprocinfo/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libprocinfo",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "process.cpp",
diff --git a/libsuspend/Android.bp b/libsuspend/Android.bp
index 130800e..32f1e1f 100644
--- a/libsuspend/Android.bp
+++ b/libsuspend/Android.bp
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libsuspend",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
 
     srcs: [
         "autosuspend.c",
diff --git a/libsync/Android.bp b/libsync/Android.bp
index 1646348..3fae5e6 100644
--- a/libsync/Android.bp
+++ b/libsync/Android.bp
@@ -22,10 +22,15 @@
 
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libsync",
-    vendor_available: true,
     defaults: ["libsync_defaults"],
 }
 
+llndk_library {
+    name: "libsync",
+    symbol_file: "libsync.map.txt",
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
+
 // libsync_recovery is only intended for the recovery binary.
 // Future versions of the kernel WILL require an updated libsync, and will break
 // anything statically linked against the current libsync.
diff --git a/libsync/libsync.map.txt b/libsync/libsync.map.txt
index daa28ae..53bb07a 100644
--- a/libsync/libsync.map.txt
+++ b/libsync/libsync.map.txt
@@ -17,16 +17,12 @@
 LIBSYNC {
   global:
     sync_merge; # introduced=26
-    sync_get_fence_info; # introduced=26
-    sync_free_fence_info; # introduced=26
+    sync_file_info; # introduced=26
+    sync_file_info_free; # introduced=26
+    sync_wait; # vndk
+    sync_fence_info; # vndk
+    sync_pt_info; # vndk
+    sync_fence_info_free; # vndk
   local:
     *;
 };
-
-LIBSYNC_PLATFORM {
-  global:
-    sync_wait;
-    sync_fence_info;
-    sync_pt_info;
-    sync_fence_info_free;
-} LIBSYNC_PLATFORM;
diff --git a/libsync/sync.c b/libsync/sync.c
index baeccda..6b187fa 100644
--- a/libsync/sync.c
+++ b/libsync/sync.c
@@ -217,6 +217,8 @@
                   local_info.num_fences * sizeof(struct sync_fence_info));
     if (!info)
         return NULL;
+
+    info->num_fences = local_info.num_fences;
     info->sync_fence_info = (__u64)(uintptr_t)(info + 1);
 
     err = ioctl(fd, SYNC_IOC_FILE_INFO, info);
@@ -275,7 +277,6 @@
     info = calloc(1, sizeof(struct sync_file_info) +
                      num_fences * sizeof(struct sync_fence_info));
     if (!info) {
-        free(legacy_info);
         return NULL;
     }
     info->sync_fence_info = (__u64)(uintptr_t)(info + 1);
diff --git a/libsync/tests/sync_test.cpp b/libsync/tests/sync_test.cpp
index f08e97e..0fb86d6 100644
--- a/libsync/tests/sync_test.cpp
+++ b/libsync/tests/sync_test.cpp
@@ -448,6 +448,41 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(mergedFence.wait(100), 0);
 }
 
+TEST(FenceTest, GetInfoActive) {
+    SyncTimeline timeline;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(timeline.isValid());
+
+    SyncFence fence(timeline, 1);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(fence.isValid());
+
+    vector<SyncPointInfo> info = fence.getInfo();
+    ASSERT_EQ(info.size(), 1);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(info[0].driverName.empty());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(info[0].objectName.empty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(info[0].timeStampNs, 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(info[0].status, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(FenceTest, GetInfoSignaled) {
+    SyncTimeline timeline;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(timeline.isValid());
+
+    SyncFence fence(timeline, 1);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(fence.isValid());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(timeline.inc(1), 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(fence.wait(), 0);
+
+    vector<SyncPointInfo> info = fence.getInfo();
+    ASSERT_EQ(info.size(), 1);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(info[0].driverName.empty());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(info[0].objectName.empty());
+    ASSERT_GT(info[0].timeStampNs, 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(info[0].status, 1);
+}
+
 TEST(StressTest, TwoThreadsSharedTimeline) {
     const int iterations = 1 << 16;
     int counter = 0;
diff --git a/libsysutils/Android.bp b/libsysutils/Android.bp
index 550ef42..d076a1a 100644
--- a/libsysutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libsysutils/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libsysutils",
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
 
     srcs: [
         "src/SocketListener.cpp",
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Android.bp b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
index 32ba692..ca05516 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Android.bp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@
         darwin: {
             enabled: false,
         },
+        linux_bionic: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
     },
 }
 
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@
         "Maps.cpp",
         "Memory.cpp",
         "Regs.cpp",
+        "Unwinder.cpp",
         "Symbols.cpp",
     ],
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp b/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
index 1234eb1..8b30b76 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-bool DwarfSection::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) {
+bool DwarfSection::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
   last_error_ = DWARF_ERROR_NONE;
   const DwarfFde* fde = GetFdeFromPc(pc);
   if (fde == nullptr || fde->cie == nullptr) {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
   }
 
   // Now eval the actual registers.
-  return Eval(fde->cie, process_memory, loc_regs, regs);
+  return Eval(fde->cie, process_memory, loc_regs, regs, finished);
 }
 
 template <typename AddressType>
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@
 
 template <typename AddressType>
 bool DwarfSectionImpl<AddressType>::Eval(const DwarfCie* cie, Memory* regular_memory,
-                                         const dwarf_loc_regs_t& loc_regs, Regs* regs) {
+                                         const dwarf_loc_regs_t& loc_regs, Regs* regs,
+                                         bool* finished) {
   RegsImpl<AddressType>* cur_regs = reinterpret_cast<RegsImpl<AddressType>*>(regs);
   if (cie->return_address_register >= cur_regs->total_regs()) {
     last_error_ = DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE;
@@ -224,12 +225,14 @@
   // Find the return address location.
   if (return_address_undefined) {
     cur_regs->set_pc(0);
+    *finished = true;
   } else {
     cur_regs->set_pc((*cur_regs)[cie->return_address_register]);
+    *finished = false;
   }
   cur_regs->set_sp(cfa);
-  // Stop if the cfa and pc are the same.
-  return prev_cfa != cfa || prev_pc != cur_regs->pc();
+  // Return false if the unwind is not finished or the cfa and pc didn't change.
+  return *finished || prev_cfa != cfa || prev_pc != cur_regs->pc();
 }
 
 template <typename AddressType>
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
index 4f7476d..dc6591d 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
@@ -95,11 +95,17 @@
                      gnu_debugdata_interface_->GetFunctionName(addr, name, func_offset)));
 }
 
-bool Elf::Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) {
-  return valid_ && (regs->StepIfSignalHandler(rel_pc, this, process_memory) ||
-                    interface_->Step(rel_pc, regs, process_memory) ||
-                    (gnu_debugdata_interface_ &&
-                     gnu_debugdata_interface_->Step(rel_pc, regs, process_memory)));
+bool Elf::Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
+  if (!valid_) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (regs->StepIfSignalHandler(rel_pc, this, process_memory)) {
+    *finished = false;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return interface_->Step(rel_pc, regs, process_memory, finished) ||
+         (gnu_debugdata_interface_ &&
+          gnu_debugdata_interface_->Step(rel_pc, regs, process_memory, finished));
 }
 
 uint64_t Elf::GetLoadBias() {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
index be4f88a..46a3f3f 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-bool ElfInterface::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) {
+bool ElfInterface::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
   // Need to subtract off the load_bias to get the correct pc.
   if (pc < load_bias_) {
     return false;
@@ -357,16 +357,15 @@
 
   // Try the eh_frame first.
   DwarfSection* eh_frame = eh_frame_.get();
-  if (eh_frame != nullptr && eh_frame->Step(pc, regs, process_memory)) {
+  if (eh_frame != nullptr && eh_frame->Step(pc, regs, process_memory, finished)) {
     return true;
   }
 
   // Try the debug_frame next.
   DwarfSection* debug_frame = debug_frame_.get();
-  if (debug_frame != nullptr && debug_frame->Step(pc, regs, process_memory)) {
+  if (debug_frame != nullptr && debug_frame->Step(pc, regs, process_memory, finished)) {
     return true;
   }
-
   return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.cpp b/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.cpp
index 66bc51f..17364d0 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.cpp
@@ -99,22 +99,25 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool ElfInterfaceArm::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) {
+bool ElfInterfaceArm::Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
   // Dwarf unwind information is precise about whether a pc is covered or not,
   // but arm unwind information only has ranges of pc. In order to avoid
   // incorrectly doing a bad unwind using arm unwind information for a
   // different function, always try and unwind with the dwarf information first.
-  return ElfInterface32::Step(pc, regs, process_memory) || StepExidx(pc, regs, process_memory);
+  return ElfInterface32::Step(pc, regs, process_memory, finished) ||
+         StepExidx(pc, regs, process_memory, finished);
 }
 
-bool ElfInterfaceArm::StepExidx(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) {
+bool ElfInterfaceArm::StepExidx(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
   RegsArm* regs_arm = reinterpret_cast<RegsArm*>(regs);
   uint64_t entry_offset;
   if (!FindEntry(pc, &entry_offset)) {
     return false;
   }
+
   ArmExidx arm(regs_arm, memory_, process_memory);
   arm.set_cfa(regs_arm->sp());
+  bool return_value = false;
   if (arm.ExtractEntryData(entry_offset) && arm.Eval()) {
     // If the pc was not set, then use the LR registers for the PC.
     if (!arm.pc_set()) {
@@ -125,9 +128,15 @@
     }
     regs_arm->set_sp(arm.cfa());
     (*regs_arm)[ARM_REG_SP] = regs_arm->sp();
+    *finished = false;
+    return_value = true;
+  }
+
+  if (arm.status() == ARM_STATUS_NO_UNWIND) {
+    *finished = true;
     return true;
   }
-  return false;
+  return return_value;
 }
 
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.h b/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.h
index 1f4e8cb..bfe7704 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/ElfInterfaceArm.h
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@
 
   bool HandleType(uint64_t offset, uint32_t type) override;
 
-  bool Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory) override;
+  bool Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) override;
 
-  bool StepExidx(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory);
+  bool StepExidx(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished);
 
   uint64_t start_offset() { return start_offset_; }
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
index 4d09c1b..8c6172e 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
@@ -91,6 +91,15 @@
   set_sp(regs_[ARM_REG_SP]);
 }
 
+bool RegsArm::SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory*) {
+  if (pc() == regs_[ARM_REG_LR]) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  set_pc(regs_[ARM_REG_LR]);
+  return true;
+}
+
 RegsArm64::RegsArm64()
     : RegsImpl<uint64_t>(ARM64_REG_LAST, ARM64_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_REGISTER, ARM64_REG_LR)) {}
 
@@ -114,6 +123,15 @@
   set_sp(regs_[ARM64_REG_SP]);
 }
 
+bool RegsArm64::SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory*) {
+  if (pc() == regs_[ARM64_REG_LR]) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  set_pc(regs_[ARM64_REG_LR]);
+  return true;
+}
+
 RegsX86::RegsX86()
     : RegsImpl<uint32_t>(X86_REG_LAST, X86_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_SP_OFFSET, -4)) {}
 
@@ -137,6 +155,17 @@
   set_sp(regs_[X86_REG_SP]);
 }
 
+bool RegsX86::SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) {
+  // Attempt to get the return address from the top of the stack.
+  uint32_t new_pc;
+  if (!process_memory->Read(sp_, &new_pc, sizeof(new_pc)) || new_pc == pc()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  set_pc(new_pc);
+  return true;
+}
+
 RegsX86_64::RegsX86_64()
     : RegsImpl<uint64_t>(X86_64_REG_LAST, X86_64_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_SP_OFFSET, -8)) {}
 
@@ -161,6 +190,17 @@
   set_sp(regs_[X86_64_REG_SP]);
 }
 
+bool RegsX86_64::SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) {
+  // Attempt to get the return address from the top of the stack.
+  uint64_t new_pc;
+  if (!process_memory->Read(sp_, &new_pc, sizeof(new_pc)) || new_pc == pc()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  set_pc(new_pc);
+  return true;
+}
+
 static Regs* ReadArm(void* remote_data) {
   arm_user_regs* user = reinterpret_cast<arm_user_regs*>(remote_data);
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a86e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <elf.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+#include <unwindstack/Elf.h>
+#include <unwindstack/MapInfo.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Unwinder.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+void Unwinder::FillInFrame(MapInfo* map_info, uint64_t* rel_pc) {
+  size_t frame_num = frames_.size();
+  frames_.resize(frame_num + 1);
+  FrameData* frame = &frames_.at(frame_num);
+  frame->num = frame_num;
+  frame->pc = regs_->pc();
+  frame->sp = regs_->sp();
+  frame->rel_pc = frame->pc;
+
+  if (map_info == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory_, true);
+  *rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs_->pc(), map_info);
+  if (frame_num != 0) {
+    // Don't adjust the first frame pc.
+    frame->rel_pc = regs_->GetAdjustedPc(*rel_pc, elf);
+
+    // Adjust the original pc.
+    frame->pc -= *rel_pc - frame->rel_pc;
+  } else {
+    frame->rel_pc = *rel_pc;
+  }
+
+  frame->map_name = map_info->name;
+  frame->map_offset = map_info->elf_offset;
+  frame->map_start = map_info->start;
+  frame->map_end = map_info->end;
+
+  if (!elf->GetFunctionName(frame->rel_pc, &frame->function_name, &frame->function_offset)) {
+    frame->function_name = "";
+    frame->function_offset = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+void Unwinder::Unwind() {
+  frames_.clear();
+
+  bool return_address_attempt = false;
+  for (; frames_.size() < max_frames_;) {
+    MapInfo* map_info = maps_->Find(regs_->pc());
+
+    uint64_t rel_pc;
+    FillInFrame(map_info, &rel_pc);
+
+    bool stepped;
+    if (map_info == nullptr) {
+      stepped = false;
+    } else {
+      bool finished;
+      stepped = map_info->elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs_, process_memory_.get(),
+                                    &finished);
+      if (stepped && finished) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!stepped) {
+      if (return_address_attempt) {
+        // Remove the speculative frame.
+        frames_.pop_back();
+        break;
+      } else {
+        // Steping didn't work, try this secondary method.
+        if (!regs_->SetPcFromReturnAddress(process_memory_.get())) {
+          break;
+        }
+        return_address_attempt = true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      return_address_attempt = false;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+std::string Unwinder::FormatFrame(size_t frame_num) {
+  if (frame_num >= frames_.size()) {
+    return "";
+  }
+  return FormatFrame(frames_[frame_num],
+                     regs_->MachineType() == EM_ARM || regs_->MachineType() == EM_386);
+}
+
+std::string Unwinder::FormatFrame(const FrameData& frame, bool bits32) {
+  std::string data;
+
+  if (bits32) {
+    data += android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %08" PRIx64, frame.num, frame.rel_pc);
+  } else {
+    data += android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %016" PRIx64, frame.num, frame.rel_pc);
+  }
+
+  if (frame.map_offset != 0) {
+    data += android::base::StringPrintf(" (offset 0x%" PRIx64 ")", frame.map_offset);
+  }
+
+  if (frame.map_start == frame.map_end) {
+    // No valid map associated with this frame.
+    data += "  <unknown>";
+  } else if (!frame.map_name.empty()) {
+    data += "  " + frame.map_name;
+  } else {
+    data += android::base::StringPrintf("  <anonymous:%" PRIx64 ">", frame.map_start);
+  }
+  if (!frame.function_name.empty()) {
+    data += " (" + frame.function_name;
+    if (frame.function_offset != 0) {
+      data += android::base::StringPrintf("+%" PRId64, frame.function_offset);
+    }
+    data += ')';
+  }
+  return data;
+}
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/DwarfSection.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/DwarfSection.h
index 26485ae..1e843c3 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/DwarfSection.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/DwarfSection.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 
   virtual bool Init(uint64_t offset, uint64_t size) = 0;
 
-  virtual bool Eval(const DwarfCie*, Memory*, const dwarf_loc_regs_t&, Regs*) = 0;
+  virtual bool Eval(const DwarfCie*, Memory*, const dwarf_loc_regs_t&, Regs*, bool*) = 0;
 
   virtual bool GetFdeOffsetFromPc(uint64_t pc, uint64_t* fde_offset) = 0;
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 
   virtual uint64_t AdjustPcFromFde(uint64_t pc) = 0;
 
-  bool Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory);
+  bool Step(uint64_t pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished);
 
  protected:
   DwarfMemory memory_;
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   virtual ~DwarfSectionImpl() = default;
 
   bool Eval(const DwarfCie* cie, Memory* regular_memory, const dwarf_loc_regs_t& loc_regs,
-            Regs* regs) override;
+            Regs* regs, bool* finished) override;
 
   const DwarfCie* GetCie(uint64_t offset);
   bool FillInCie(DwarfCie* cie);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
index 4e7eb34..f246beb 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 
   uint64_t GetRelPc(uint64_t pc, const MapInfo* map_info);
 
-  bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory);
+  bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished);
 
   ElfInterface* CreateInterfaceFromMemory(Memory* memory);
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
index 142a625..4fe966f 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 
   virtual bool GetFunctionName(uint64_t addr, std::string* name, uint64_t* offset) = 0;
 
-  virtual bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory);
+  virtual bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory, bool* finished);
 
   Memory* CreateGnuDebugdataMemory();
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
index ed4d38a..385ee18 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@
 
   virtual void SetFromRaw() = 0;
 
+  virtual bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) = 0;
+
   uint16_t sp_reg() { return sp_reg_; }
   uint16_t total_regs() { return total_regs_; }
 
@@ -113,6 +115,8 @@
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
 
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) override;
+
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf, Memory* process_memory) override;
 };
 
@@ -127,6 +131,8 @@
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
 
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) override;
+
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf, Memory* process_memory) override;
 };
 
@@ -141,6 +147,8 @@
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
 
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) override;
+
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf, Memory* process_memory) override;
 
   void SetFromUcontext(x86_ucontext_t* ucontext);
@@ -157,6 +165,8 @@
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
 
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory* process_memory) override;
+
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf, Memory* process_memory) override;
 
   void SetFromUcontext(x86_64_ucontext_t* ucontext);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d66fe55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LIBUNWINDSTACK_UNWINDER_H
+#define _LIBUNWINDSTACK_UNWINDER_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <unwindstack/Maps.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Regs.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+struct FrameData {
+  size_t num;
+
+  uint64_t rel_pc;
+  uint64_t pc;
+  uint64_t sp;
+
+  std::string function_name;
+  uint64_t function_offset;
+
+  std::string map_name;
+  uint64_t map_offset;
+  uint64_t map_start;
+  uint64_t map_end;
+};
+
+class Unwinder {
+ public:
+  Unwinder(size_t max_frames, Maps* maps, Regs* regs, std::shared_ptr<Memory> process_memory)
+      : max_frames_(max_frames), maps_(maps), regs_(regs), process_memory_(process_memory) {
+    frames_.reserve(max_frames);
+  }
+  ~Unwinder() = default;
+
+  void Unwind();
+
+  size_t NumFrames() { return frames_.size(); }
+
+  const std::vector<FrameData>& frames() { return frames_; }
+
+  std::string FormatFrame(size_t frame_num);
+  static std::string FormatFrame(const FrameData& frame, bool bits32);
+
+ private:
+  void FillInFrame(MapInfo* map_info, uint64_t* rel_pc);
+
+  size_t max_frames_;
+  Maps* maps_;
+  Regs* regs_;
+  std::vector<FrameData> frames_;
+  std::shared_ptr<Memory> process_memory_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
+
+#endif  // _LIBUNWINDSTACK_UNWINDER_H
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
index b871539..2939126 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_MEMORY_INVALID, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -113,7 +114,8 @@
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x96, 0x96, 0x96});
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_STATE, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -130,7 +132,9 @@
   TypeParam cfa_value = 0x12345;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x80000000, &cfa_value, sizeof(cfa_value));
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x4, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x12345U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
 }
@@ -146,7 +150,9 @@
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80});
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, {0x4, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x80000000U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
 }
@@ -162,7 +168,8 @@
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x50, 0x96, 0x96});
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -171,7 +178,8 @@
   RegsFake<TypeParam> regs(10, 9);
   dwarf_loc_regs_t loc_regs;
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -180,7 +188,8 @@
   RegsFake<TypeParam> regs(10, 9);
   dwarf_loc_regs_t loc_regs;
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_CFA_NOT_DEFINED, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -190,25 +199,26 @@
   dwarf_loc_regs_t loc_regs;
 
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {20, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 
   this->section_->TestClearError();
   loc_regs.erase(CFA_REG);
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_INVALID, {0, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 
   this->section_->TestClearError();
   loc_regs.erase(CFA_REG);
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_OFFSET, {0, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 
   this->section_->TestClearError();
   loc_regs.erase(CFA_REG);
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_OFFSET, {0, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -222,7 +232,9 @@
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {9, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, regs.sp());
 }
@@ -238,7 +250,9 @@
   regs[6] = 0x4000;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {6, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x4000U, regs.sp());
 }
@@ -254,7 +268,8 @@
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   loc_regs[1] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {3, 0}};
   loc_regs[9] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {1, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_STATE, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -268,7 +283,8 @@
   regs[8] = 0x10;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   loc_regs[1] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {10, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->last_error());
 }
 
@@ -292,7 +308,9 @@
   loc_regs[1] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_OFFSET, {0x100, 0}};
   loc_regs[2] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_OFFSET, {0x50, 0}};
   loc_regs[3] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_UNDEFINED, {0, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x10U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2100U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2200U, regs[1]);
@@ -315,7 +333,9 @@
   regs[8] = 0x10;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   loc_regs[5] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_UNDEFINED, {0, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x10U, regs.sp());
 }
@@ -330,7 +350,9 @@
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[8] = 0x10;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x10U, regs.sp());
 }
@@ -347,7 +369,9 @@
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   // This should not result in any errors.
   loc_regs[20] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x10U, regs.sp());
 }
@@ -365,7 +389,9 @@
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x80000000, &cfa_value, sizeof(cfa_value));
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   loc_regs[5] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x4, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x3000U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x12345U, regs.pc());
 }
@@ -381,7 +407,9 @@
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80});
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
   loc_regs[5] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, {0x4, 0x5000}};
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x3000U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x80000000U, regs.pc());
 }
@@ -396,7 +424,8 @@
   regs[5] = 0x100;
   regs[8] = 0x2000;
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_REGISTER, {8, 0}};
-  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, regs.sp());
   EXPECT_EQ(0x100U, regs.pc());
 }
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionTest.cpp
index fc67063..3fcd2b6 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionTest.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD4(Log, bool(uint8_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, const DwarfFde*));
 
-  MOCK_METHOD4(Eval, bool(const DwarfCie*, Memory*, const dwarf_loc_regs_t&, Regs*));
+  MOCK_METHOD5(Eval, bool(const DwarfCie*, Memory*, const dwarf_loc_regs_t&, Regs*, bool*));
 
   MOCK_METHOD3(GetCfaLocationInfo, bool(uint64_t, const DwarfFde*, dwarf_loc_regs_t*));
 
@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(mock_section, GetFdeOffsetFromPc(0x1000, ::testing::_))
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(false));
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(DwarfSectionTest, Step_fail_cie_null) {
@@ -118,7 +119,8 @@
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(true));
   EXPECT_CALL(mock_section, GetFdeFromOffset(::testing::_)).WillOnce(::testing::Return(&fde));
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(DwarfSectionTest, Step_fail_cfa_location) {
@@ -136,7 +138,8 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(mock_section, GetCfaLocationInfo(0x1000, &fde, ::testing::_))
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(false));
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(DwarfSectionTest, Step_pass) {
@@ -155,10 +158,11 @@
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(true));
 
   MemoryFake process;
-  EXPECT_CALL(mock_section, Eval(&cie, &process, ::testing::_, nullptr))
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock_section, Eval(&cie, &process, ::testing::_, nullptr, ::testing::_))
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(true));
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, &process));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mock_section.Step(0x1000, nullptr, &process, &finished));
 }
 
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfInterfaceArmTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfInterfaceArmTest.cpp
index c7ef4a1..4df7e1c 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfInterfaceArmTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfInterfaceArmTest.cpp
@@ -322,7 +322,8 @@
   ElfInterfaceArm interface(&memory_);
 
   // FindEntry fails.
-  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, nullptr, nullptr));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 
   // ExtractEntry should fail.
   interface.set_start_offset(0x1000);
@@ -335,15 +336,16 @@
   regs[ARM_REG_LR] = 0x20000;
   regs.set_sp(regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
   regs.set_pc(0x1234);
-  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
 
   // Eval should fail.
   memory_.SetData32(0x1004, 0x81000000);
-  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
 
   // Everything should pass.
   memory_.SetData32(0x1004, 0x80b0b0b0);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(finished);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x1000U, regs.sp());
   ASSERT_EQ(0x1000U, regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x20000U, regs.pc());
@@ -367,11 +369,57 @@
   regs.set_pc(0x1234);
 
   // Everything should pass.
-  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(finished);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x10004U, regs.sp());
   ASSERT_EQ(0x10004U, regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x10U, regs.pc());
   ASSERT_EQ(0x10U, regs[ARM_REG_PC]);
 }
 
+TEST_F(ElfInterfaceArmTest, StepExidx_cant_unwind) {
+  ElfInterfaceArm interface(&memory_);
+
+  interface.set_start_offset(0x1000);
+  interface.set_total_entries(1);
+  memory_.SetData32(0x1000, 0x6000);
+  memory_.SetData32(0x1004, 1);
+
+  RegsArm regs;
+  regs[ARM_REG_SP] = 0x10000;
+  regs[ARM_REG_LR] = 0x20000;
+  regs.set_sp(regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
+  regs.set_pc(0x1234);
+
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(finished);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x10000U, regs.sp());
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x10000U, regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x1234U, regs.pc());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ElfInterfaceArmTest, StepExidx_refuse_unwind) {
+  ElfInterfaceArm interface(&memory_);
+
+  interface.set_start_offset(0x1000);
+  interface.set_total_entries(1);
+  memory_.SetData32(0x1000, 0x6000);
+  memory_.SetData32(0x1004, 0x808000b0);
+
+  RegsArm regs;
+  regs[ARM_REG_SP] = 0x10000;
+  regs[ARM_REG_LR] = 0x20000;
+  regs.set_sp(regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
+  regs.set_pc(0x1234);
+
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(interface.StepExidx(0x7000, &regs, &process_memory_, &finished));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(finished);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x10000U, regs.sp());
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x10000U, regs[ARM_REG_SP]);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x1234U, regs.pc());
+}
+
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
index ed1be3b..42a0246 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@
   uint64_t func_offset;
   ASSERT_FALSE(elf.GetFunctionName(0, &name, &func_offset));
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(elf.Step(0, nullptr, nullptr));
+  bool finished;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(elf.Step(0, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(ElfTest, elf32_invalid_machine) {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/MemoryRemoteTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/MemoryRemoteTest.cpp
index f8965b2..a66d0c5 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/MemoryRemoteTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/MemoryRemoteTest.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <vector>
@@ -34,32 +33,18 @@
 #include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
 
 #include "MemoryFake.h"
+#include "TestUtils.h"
 
 namespace unwindstack {
 
 class MemoryRemoteTest : public ::testing::Test {
  protected:
-  static uint64_t NanoTime() {
-    struct timespec t = { 0, 0 };
-    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t);
-    return static_cast<uint64_t>(t.tv_sec * NS_PER_SEC + t.tv_nsec);
-  }
-
   static bool Attach(pid_t pid) {
     if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0) == -1) {
       return false;
     }
 
-    uint64_t start = NanoTime();
-    siginfo_t si;
-    while (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &si)) < 0 && errno == ESRCH) {
-      if ((NanoTime() - start) > 10 * NS_PER_SEC) {
-        printf("%d: Failed to stop after 10 seconds.\n", pid);
-        return false;
-      }
-      usleep(30);
-    }
-    return true;
+    return TestQuiescePid(pid);
   }
 
   static bool Detach(pid_t pid) {
@@ -79,6 +64,7 @@
     exit(1);
   }
   ASSERT_LT(0, pid);
+  TestScopedPidReaper reap(pid);
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Attach(pid));
 
@@ -91,9 +77,6 @@
   }
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Detach(pid));
-
-  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
-  ASSERT_EQ(pid, wait(nullptr));
 }
 
 TEST_F(MemoryRemoteTest, read_fail) {
@@ -111,6 +94,7 @@
     exit(1);
   }
   ASSERT_LT(0, pid);
+  TestScopedPidReaper reap(pid);
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Attach(pid));
 
@@ -132,9 +116,6 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(src, pagesize));
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Detach(pid));
-
-  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
-  ASSERT_EQ(pid, wait(nullptr));
 }
 
 TEST_F(MemoryRemoteTest, read_overflow) {
@@ -152,6 +133,7 @@
     exit(1);
   }
   ASSERT_LT(0, pid);
+  TestScopedPidReaper reap(pid);
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Attach(pid));
 
@@ -162,9 +144,6 @@
   ASSERT_FALSE(remote.Read(0, dst.data(), 100));
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(Detach(pid));
-
-  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
-  ASSERT_EQ(pid, wait(nullptr));
 }
 
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
index c76ecaa..b667ec1 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t, Elf*) override { return 0; }
   void SetFromRaw() override {}
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory*) override { return false; }
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t, Elf*, Memory*) override { return false; }
   bool GetReturnAddressFromDefault(Memory*, uint64_t*) { return false; }
 };
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
index f549a50..3912e17 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
   void InitHeaders() override {}
   bool GetSoname(std::string*) override { return false; }
   bool GetFunctionName(uint64_t, std::string*, uint64_t*) override { return false; }
-  bool Step(uint64_t, Regs*, Memory*) override { return false; }
+  bool Step(uint64_t, Regs*, Memory*, bool*) override { return false; }
 };
 
 template <typename TypeParam>
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
 
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t, Elf*) override { return 0; }
   void SetFromRaw() override {}
+  bool SetPcFromReturnAddress(Memory*) override { return false; }
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t, Elf*, Memory*) override { return false; }
 };
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/TestUtils.h b/libunwindstack/tests/TestUtils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c31aa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/TestUtils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LIBUNWINDSTACK_TESTS_TEST_UTILS_H
+#define _LIBUNWINDSTACK_TESTS_TEST_UTILS_H
+
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/ptrace.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+class TestScopedPidReaper {
+ public:
+  TestScopedPidReaper(pid_t pid) : pid_(pid) {}
+  ~TestScopedPidReaper() {
+    kill(pid_, SIGKILL);
+    waitpid(pid_, nullptr, 0);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  pid_t pid_;
+};
+
+inline bool TestQuiescePid(pid_t pid) {
+  siginfo_t si;
+  bool ready = false;
+  // Wait for up to 5 seconds.
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
+    if (ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &si) == 0) {
+      ready = true;
+      break;
+    }
+    usleep(1000);
+  }
+  return ready;
+}
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
+
+#endif  // _LIBUNWINDSTACK_TESTS_TEST_UTILS_H
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
index a0c45bd..9f9ca8b 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
@@ -15,10 +15,9 @@
  */
 
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
 #include <sys/syscall.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -32,26 +31,37 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <unwindstack/Elf.h>
-#include <unwindstack/MapInfo.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
 #include <unwindstack/Maps.h>
 #include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
 #include <unwindstack/Regs.h>
 #include <unwindstack/RegsGetLocal.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Unwinder.h>
+
+#include "TestUtils.h"
 
 namespace unwindstack {
 
-static std::atomic_bool g_ready(false);
-static volatile bool g_ready_for_remote = false;
-static volatile bool g_signal_ready_for_remote = false;
-static std::atomic_bool g_finish(false);
+static std::atomic_bool g_ready;
+static volatile bool g_ready_for_remote;
+static volatile bool g_signal_ready_for_remote;
+static std::atomic_bool g_finish;
 static std::atomic_uintptr_t g_ucontext;
 
-static std::vector<const char*> kFunctionOrder{"InnerFunction", "MiddleFunction", "OuterFunction"};
+static void ResetGlobals() {
+  g_ready = false;
+  g_ready_for_remote = false;
+  g_signal_ready_for_remote = false;
+  g_finish = false;
+  g_ucontext = 0;
+}
 
-static std::vector<const char*> kFunctionSignalOrder{"SignalInnerFunction", "SignalMiddleFunction",
-                                                     "SignalOuterFunction", "InnerFunction",
-                                                     "MiddleFunction",      "OuterFunction"};
+static std::vector<const char*> kFunctionOrder{"OuterFunction", "MiddleFunction", "InnerFunction"};
+
+static std::vector<const char*> kFunctionSignalOrder{"OuterFunction",        "MiddleFunction",
+                                                     "InnerFunction",        "SignalOuterFunction",
+                                                     "SignalMiddleFunction", "SignalInnerFunction"};
 
 static void SignalHandler(int, siginfo_t*, void* sigcontext) {
   g_ucontext = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(sigcontext);
@@ -77,62 +87,44 @@
   SignalOuterFunction();
 }
 
-static std::string ErrorMsg(const std::vector<const char*>& function_names, size_t index,
-                            std::stringstream& unwind_stream) {
+static std::string ErrorMsg(const std::vector<const char*>& function_names, Unwinder& unwinder) {
+  std::string unwind;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < unwinder.NumFrames(); i++) {
+    unwind += unwinder.FormatFrame(i) + '\n';
+  }
+
   return std::string(
              "Unwind completed without finding all frames\n"
              "  Looking for function: ") +
-         function_names[index] + "\n" + "Unwind data:\n" + unwind_stream.str();
+         function_names.front() + "\n" + "Unwind data:\n" + unwind;
 }
 
 static void VerifyUnwind(pid_t pid, Maps* maps, Regs* regs,
-                         std::vector<const char*>& function_names) {
-  size_t function_name_index = 0;
+                         std::vector<const char*> expected_function_names) {
+  auto process_memory(Memory::CreateProcessMemory(pid));
 
-  auto process_memory = Memory::CreateProcessMemory(pid);
-  std::stringstream unwind_stream;
-  unwind_stream << std::hex;
-  for (size_t frame_num = 0; frame_num < 64; frame_num++) {
-    ASSERT_NE(0U, regs->pc()) << ErrorMsg(function_names, function_name_index, unwind_stream);
-    MapInfo* map_info = maps->Find(regs->pc());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(map_info != nullptr) << ErrorMsg(function_names, function_name_index, unwind_stream);
+  Unwinder unwinder(512, maps, regs, process_memory);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
 
-    Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory, true);
-    uint64_t rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs->pc(), map_info);
-    uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc = rel_pc;
-    if (frame_num != 0) {
-      adjusted_rel_pc = regs->GetAdjustedPc(rel_pc, elf);
-    }
-    unwind_stream << "  PC: 0x" << regs->pc() << " Rel: 0x" << adjusted_rel_pc;
-    unwind_stream << " Map: ";
-    if (!map_info->name.empty()) {
-      unwind_stream << map_info->name;
-    } else {
-      unwind_stream << " anonymous";
-    }
-    unwind_stream << "<" << map_info->start << "-" << map_info->end << ">";
-
-    std::string name;
-    uint64_t func_offset;
-    if (elf->GetFunctionName(adjusted_rel_pc, &name, &func_offset)) {
-      if (name == function_names[function_name_index]) {
-        if (++function_name_index == function_names.size()) {
-          return;
-        }
+  std::string expected_function = expected_function_names.back();
+  expected_function_names.pop_back();
+  for (auto& frame : unwinder.frames()) {
+    if (frame.function_name == expected_function) {
+      if (expected_function_names.empty()) {
+        break;
       }
-      unwind_stream << " " << name;
+      expected_function = expected_function_names.back();
+      expected_function_names.pop_back();
     }
-    unwind_stream << "\n";
-    ASSERT_TRUE(elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs, process_memory.get()))
-        << ErrorMsg(function_names, function_name_index, unwind_stream);
   }
-  ASSERT_TRUE(false) << ErrorMsg(function_names, function_name_index, unwind_stream);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(expected_function_names.empty()) << ErrorMsg(expected_function_names, unwinder);
 }
 
 // This test assumes that this code is compiled with optimizations turned
 // off. If this doesn't happen, then all of the calls will be optimized
 // away.
-extern "C" void InnerFunction(bool local) {
+extern "C" void InnerFunction(bool local, bool trigger_invalid_call) {
   if (local) {
     LocalMaps maps;
     ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
@@ -143,61 +135,69 @@
   } else {
     g_ready_for_remote = true;
     g_ready = true;
+    if (trigger_invalid_call) {
+      void (*crash_func)() = nullptr;
+      crash_func();
+    }
     while (!g_finish.load()) {
     }
   }
 }
 
-extern "C" void MiddleFunction(bool local) {
-  InnerFunction(local);
+extern "C" void MiddleFunction(bool local, bool trigger_invalid_call) {
+  InnerFunction(local, trigger_invalid_call);
 }
 
-extern "C" void OuterFunction(bool local) {
-  MiddleFunction(local);
+extern "C" void OuterFunction(bool local, bool trigger_invalid_call) {
+  MiddleFunction(local, trigger_invalid_call);
 }
 
-TEST(UnwindTest, local) {
-  OuterFunction(true);
+class UnwindTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ public:
+  void SetUp() override { ResetGlobals(); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, local) {
+  OuterFunction(true, false);
 }
 
 void WaitForRemote(pid_t pid, uint64_t addr, bool leave_attached, bool* completed) {
   *completed = false;
   // Need to sleep before attempting first ptrace. Without this, on the
-  // host it becomes impossible to attach and ptrace set errno to EPERM.
+  // host it becomes impossible to attach and ptrace sets errno to EPERM.
   usleep(1000);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0));
-    for (size_t j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
-      siginfo_t si;
-      if (ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &si) == 0) {
-        MemoryRemote memory(pid);
-        // Read the remote value to see if we are ready.
-        bool value;
-        if (memory.Read(addr, &value, sizeof(value)) && value) {
-          *completed = true;
-          break;
-        }
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+    if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0) == 0) {
+      ASSERT_TRUE(TestQuiescePid(pid))
+          << "Waiting for process to quiesce failed: " << strerror(errno);
+
+      MemoryRemote memory(pid);
+      // Read the remote value to see if we are ready.
+      bool value;
+      if (memory.Read(addr, &value, sizeof(value)) && value) {
+        *completed = true;
       }
-      usleep(1000);
+      if (!*completed || !leave_attached) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0));
+      }
+      if (*completed) {
+        break;
+      }
+    } else {
+      ASSERT_EQ(ESRCH, errno) << "ptrace attach failed with unexpected error: " << strerror(errno);
     }
-    if (leave_attached && *completed) {
-      break;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0));
-    if (*completed) {
-      break;
-    }
-    usleep(1000);
+    usleep(5000);
   }
 }
 
-TEST(UnwindTest, remote) {
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, remote) {
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
-    OuterFunction(false);
+    OuterFunction(false, false);
     exit(0);
   }
   ASSERT_NE(-1, pid);
+  TestScopedPidReaper reap(pid);
 
   bool completed;
   WaitForRemote(pid, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&g_ready_for_remote), true, &completed);
@@ -210,17 +210,15 @@
 
   VerifyUnwind(pid, &maps, regs.get(), kFunctionOrder);
 
-  ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0));
-
-  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
-  ASSERT_EQ(pid, wait(nullptr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0))
+      << "ptrace detach failed with unexpected error: " << strerror(errno);
 }
 
-TEST(UnwindTest, from_context) {
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, from_context) {
   std::atomic_int tid(0);
   std::thread thread([&]() {
     tid = syscall(__NR_gettid);
-    OuterFunction(false);
+    OuterFunction(false, false);
   });
 
   struct sigaction act, oldact;
@@ -262,28 +260,27 @@
   thread.join();
 }
 
-static void RemoteThroughSignal(unsigned int sa_flags) {
-  g_ready = false;
-  g_signal_ready_for_remote = false;
-  g_finish = false;
-
+static void RemoteThroughSignal(int signal, unsigned int sa_flags) {
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
     struct sigaction act, oldact;
     memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
     act.sa_sigaction = SignalCallerHandler;
     act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART | SA_ONSTACK | sa_flags;
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, &oldact));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(signal, &act, &oldact));
 
-    OuterFunction(false);
+    OuterFunction(false, signal == SIGSEGV);
     exit(0);
   }
   ASSERT_NE(-1, pid);
+  TestScopedPidReaper reap(pid);
 
   bool completed;
-  WaitForRemote(pid, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&g_ready_for_remote), false, &completed);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(completed) << "Timed out waiting for remote process to be ready.";
-  ASSERT_EQ(0, kill(pid, SIGUSR1));
+  if (signal != SIGSEGV) {
+    WaitForRemote(pid, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&g_ready_for_remote), false, &completed);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(completed) << "Timed out waiting for remote process to be ready.";
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, kill(pid, SIGUSR1));
+  }
   WaitForRemote(pid, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&g_signal_ready_for_remote), true, &completed);
   ASSERT_TRUE(completed) << "Timed out waiting for remote process to be in signal handler.";
 
@@ -294,18 +291,24 @@
 
   VerifyUnwind(pid, &maps, regs.get(), kFunctionSignalOrder);
 
-  ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0));
-
-  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
-  ASSERT_EQ(pid, wait(nullptr));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0))
+      << "ptrace detach failed with unexpected error: " << strerror(errno);
 }
 
-TEST(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal) {
-  RemoteThroughSignal(0);
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal) {
+  RemoteThroughSignal(SIGUSR1, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal_sa_siginfo) {
-  RemoteThroughSignal(SA_SIGINFO);
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal_sa_siginfo) {
+  RemoteThroughSignal(SIGUSR1, SA_SIGINFO);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal_with_invalid_func) {
+  RemoteThroughSignal(SIGSEGV, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UnwindTest, remote_through_signal_sa_siginfo_with_invalid_func) {
+  RemoteThroughSignal(SIGSEGV, SA_SIGINFO);
 }
 
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
index 3614198..faac2ef 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,11 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include <unwindstack/Elf.h>
 #include <unwindstack/MapInfo.h>
@@ -55,6 +59,62 @@
   return ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, 0) == 0;
 }
 
+std::string GetFrameInfo(size_t frame_num, unwindstack::Regs* regs,
+                         const std::shared_ptr<unwindstack::Memory>& process_memory,
+                         unwindstack::MapInfo* map_info, uint64_t* rel_pc) {
+  bool bits32;
+  switch (regs->MachineType()) {
+    case EM_ARM:
+    case EM_386:
+      bits32 = true;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      bits32 = false;
+  }
+
+  if (map_info == nullptr) {
+    if (bits32) {
+      return android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %08" PRIx64, frame_num, regs->pc());
+    } else {
+      return android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %016" PRIx64, frame_num, regs->pc());
+    }
+  }
+
+  unwindstack::Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory, true);
+  *rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs->pc(), map_info);
+  uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc = *rel_pc;
+  // Don't need to adjust the first frame pc.
+  if (frame_num != 0) {
+    adjusted_rel_pc = regs->GetAdjustedPc(*rel_pc, elf);
+  }
+
+  std::string line;
+  if (bits32) {
+    line = android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %08" PRIx64, frame_num, adjusted_rel_pc);
+  } else {
+    line = android::base::StringPrintf("  #%02zu pc %016" PRIx64, frame_num, adjusted_rel_pc);
+  }
+  if (!map_info->name.empty()) {
+    line += "  " + map_info->name;
+    if (map_info->elf_offset != 0) {
+      line += android::base::StringPrintf(" (offset 0x%" PRIx64 ")", map_info->elf_offset);
+    }
+  } else {
+    line += android::base::StringPrintf("  <anonymous:%" PRIx64 ">", map_info->offset);
+  }
+  uint64_t func_offset;
+  std::string func_name;
+  if (elf->GetFunctionName(adjusted_rel_pc, &func_name, &func_offset)) {
+    line += " (" + func_name;
+    if (func_offset != 0) {
+      line += android::base::StringPrintf("+%" PRId64, func_offset);
+    }
+    line += ')';
+  }
+  return line;
+}
+
 void DoUnwind(pid_t pid) {
   unwindstack::RemoteMaps remote_maps(pid);
   if (!remote_maps.Parse()) {
@@ -68,7 +128,6 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  bool bits32 = true;
   printf("ABI: ");
   switch (regs->MachineType()) {
     case EM_ARM:
@@ -79,11 +138,9 @@
       break;
     case EM_AARCH64:
       printf("arm64");
-      bits32 = false;
       break;
     case EM_X86_64:
       printf("x86_64");
-      bits32 = false;
       break;
     default:
       printf("unknown\n");
@@ -92,52 +149,48 @@
   printf("\n");
 
   auto process_memory = unwindstack::Memory::CreateProcessMemory(pid);
+  bool return_address_attempt = false;
+  std::vector<std::string> frames;
   for (size_t frame_num = 0; frame_num < 64; frame_num++) {
-    if (regs->pc() == 0) {
-      break;
-    }
     unwindstack::MapInfo* map_info = remote_maps.Find(regs->pc());
+    uint64_t rel_pc;
+    frames.push_back(GetFrameInfo(frame_num, regs, process_memory, map_info, &rel_pc));
+    bool stepped;
     if (map_info == nullptr) {
-      printf("Failed to find map data for the pc\n");
-      break;
-    }
-
-    unwindstack::Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory, true);
-
-    uint64_t rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(regs->pc(), map_info);
-    uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc = rel_pc;
-    // Don't need to adjust the first frame pc.
-    if (frame_num != 0) {
-      adjusted_rel_pc = regs->GetAdjustedPc(rel_pc, elf);
-    }
-
-    std::string name;
-    if (bits32) {
-      printf("  #%02zu pc %08" PRIx64, frame_num, adjusted_rel_pc);
+      stepped = false;
     } else {
-      printf("  #%02zu pc %016" PRIx64, frame_num, adjusted_rel_pc);
+      bool finished;
+      stepped =
+          map_info->elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs, process_memory.get(), &finished);
+      if (stepped && finished) {
+        break;
+      }
     }
-    if (!map_info->name.empty()) {
-      printf("  %s", map_info->name.c_str());
-      if (map_info->elf_offset != 0) {
-        printf(" (offset 0x%" PRIx64 ")", map_info->elf_offset);
+    if (!stepped) {
+      if (return_address_attempt) {
+        // We tried the return address and it didn't work, remove the last
+        // two frames. If this bad frame is the only frame, only remove
+        // the last frame.
+        frames.pop_back();
+        if (frame_num != 1) {
+          frames.pop_back();
+        }
+        break;
+      } else {
+        // Steping didn't work, try this secondary method.
+        if (!regs->SetPcFromReturnAddress(process_memory.get())) {
+          break;
+        }
+        return_address_attempt = true;
       }
     } else {
-      printf("  <anonymous:%" PRIx64 ">", map_info->offset);
+      return_address_attempt = false;
     }
-    uint64_t func_offset;
-    if (elf->GetFunctionName(adjusted_rel_pc, &name, &func_offset)) {
-      printf(" (%s", name.c_str());
-      if (func_offset != 0) {
-        printf("+%" PRId64, func_offset);
-      }
-      printf(")");
-    }
-    printf("\n");
+  }
 
-    if (!elf->Step(rel_pc + map_info->elf_offset, regs, process_memory.get())) {
-      break;
-    }
+  // Print the frames.
+  for (auto& frame : frames) {
+    printf("%s\n", frame.c_str());
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/libusbhost/Android.bp b/libusbhost/Android.bp
index a0d6b9b..fc6f305 100644
--- a/libusbhost/Android.bp
+++ b/libusbhost/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 
 cc_library {
     name: "libusbhost",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: ["usbhost.c"],
     cflags: ["-Werror"],
diff --git a/libutils/Android.bp b/libutils/Android.bp
index adcde81..038fd73 100644
--- a/libutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libutils/Android.bp
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
     host_supported: true,
 
     header_libs: [
+        "liblog_headers",
         "libsystem_headers",
         "libcutils_headers"
     ],
     export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "liblog_headers",
         "libsystem_headers",
         "libcutils_headers"
     ],
diff --git a/libutils/include/utils/StrongPointer.h b/libutils/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
index 0c20607..ae6d9c8 100644
--- a/libutils/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
+++ b/libutils/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
@@ -82,9 +82,10 @@
 
     // Accessors
 
-    inline  T&      operator* () const  { return *m_ptr; }
-    inline  T*      operator-> () const { return m_ptr;  }
-    inline  T*      get() const         { return m_ptr; }
+    inline T&       operator* () const     { return *m_ptr; }
+    inline T*       operator-> () const    { return m_ptr;  }
+    inline T*       get() const            { return m_ptr; }
+    inline explicit operator bool () const { return m_ptr != nullptr; }
 
     // Operators
 
diff --git a/libziparchive/Android.bp b/libziparchive/Android.bp
index 333835c..f395c74 100644
--- a/libziparchive/Android.bp
+++ b/libziparchive/Android.bp
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@
     name: "libziparchive",
     host_supported: true,
     vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
 
     defaults: [
         "libziparchive_defaults",
diff --git a/reboot/reboot.c b/reboot/reboot.c
index 007dfba..f0cf40c 100644
--- a/reboot/reboot.c
+++ b/reboot/reboot.c
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 
     if (argc > optind)
         optarg = argv[optind];
+    if (!optarg || !optarg[0]) optarg = "shell";
 
     prop_len = snprintf(property_val, sizeof(property_val), "%s,%s", cmd, optarg);
     if (prop_len >= sizeof(property_val)) {
diff --git a/shell_and_utilities/README.md b/shell_and_utilities/README.md
index 5d10c18..c4e8aac 100644
--- a/shell_and_utilities/README.md
+++ b/shell_and_utilities/README.md
@@ -4,20 +4,25 @@
 Since IceCreamSandwich Android has used
 [mksh](https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm) as its shell. Before then it used
 [ash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almquist_shell) (which actually
-remained in the tree up to and including KitKat).
+remained unused in the tree up to and including KitKat).
 
-Initially Android had a very limited command-line provided by its
-own "toolbox" binary. These days almost everything is supplied by
+Initially Android had a very limited command-line provided by its own
+"toolbox" binary. Since Marshmallow almost everything is supplied by
 [toybox](http://landley.net/toybox/) instead.
 
 We started moving a few of the more important tools to full
-BSD implementations in JellyBean before we started in earnest in
+BSD implementations in JellyBean, and continued this work in
 Lollipop. Lollipop was a major break with the past in many ways (LP64
 support and the switch to ART both having lots of knock-on effects around
 the system), so although this was the beginning of the end of toolbox it
 (a) didn't stand out given all the other systems-level changes and (b)
 in Marshmallow we changed direction and started the move to toybox.
 
+Not everything is provided by toybox, though. We currently still use
+the BSD dd and grep (because the toybox versions are still unfinished),
+and for the bzip2 command-line tools we use the ones that are part of
+the bzip2 distribution.
+
 The lists below show what tools were provided and where they came from in
 each release starting with Gingerbread. This doesn't tell the full story,
 because the toolbox implementations did have bugs fixed and options added
@@ -25,6 +30,10 @@
 `-f`. But this gives you an idea of what was available in any given release,
 and how usable it was likely to be.
 
+Also note that in any given release `toybox` probably contains more
+commands than there are symlinks for in `/system/bin`. You can get the
+full list for a release by running `toybox` directly.
+
 
 Android 2.3 (Gingerbread)
 -------------------------
@@ -132,26 +141,26 @@
 uptime usleep vmstat wc which whoami xargs xxd yes
 
 
-Current AOSP
-------------
+Android 8.0 (Oreo)
+------------------
 
 BSD: dd grep
 
 bzip2: bzcat bzip2 bunzip2
 
-toolbox: getevent gzip newfs\_msdos gunzip zcat
+toolbox: getevent newfs\_msdos
 
 toybox: acpi base64 basename blockdev cal cat chcon chgrp chmod chown
 chroot chrt cksum clear cmp comm cp cpio cut date df diff dirname dmesg
 dos2unix du echo env expand expr fallocate false file find flock free
-getenforce getprop groups head hostname hwclock id ifconfig inotifyd
-insmod ionice iorenice kill killall ln load\_policy log logname losetup
-ls lsmod lsof lsusb md5sum microcom mkdir mknod mkswap mktemp modinfo
-modprobe more mount mountpoint mv netstat nice nl nohup od paste patch
-pgrep pidof pkill pmap printenv printf ps pwd readlink realpath renice
-restorecon rm rmdir rmmod runcon sed sendevent seq setenforce setprop
-setsid sha1sum sha224sum sha256sum sha384sum sha512sum sleep sort split
-start stat stop strings swapoff swapon sync sysctl tac tail tar taskset
-tee time timeout top touch tr true truncate tty ulimit umount uname uniq
-unix2dos uptime usleep uudecode uuencode vmstat wc which whoami xargs
-xxd yes
+getenforce getprop groups gunzip gzip head hostname hwclock id ifconfig
+inotifyd insmod ionice iorenice kill killall ln load\_policy log logname
+losetup ls lsmod lsof lspci lsusb md5sum microcom mkdir mkfifo mknod
+mkswap mktemp modinfo modprobe more mount mountpoint mv netstat nice
+nl nohup od paste patch pgrep pidof pkill pmap printenv printf ps pwd
+readlink realpath renice restorecon rm rmdir rmmod runcon sed sendevent
+seq setenforce setprop setsid sha1sum sha224sum sha256sum sha384sum
+sha512sum sleep sort split start stat stop strings swapoff swapon sync
+sysctl tac tail tar taskset tee time timeout top touch tr true truncate
+tty ulimit umount uname uniq unix2dos uptime usleep uudecode uuencode
+vmstat wc which whoami xargs xxd yes zcat