Merge "Remove Valgrind entries from fs_config."
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/Android.bp b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/Android.bp
index 7463810..32fc3d2 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/Android.bp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/Android.bp
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "fiemap_writer_test",
+    cflags: [
+        "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libdm",
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer.cpp b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer.cpp
index 5b77280..45b997f 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer.cpp
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
         FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED | FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE | FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL |
         FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN | FIEMAP_EXTENT_SHARED | FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED;
 
+// Large file support must be enabled.
+static_assert(sizeof(off_t) == sizeof(uint64_t));
+
 static inline void cleanup(const std::string& file_path, bool created) {
     if (created) {
         unlink(file_path.c_str());
@@ -229,6 +232,42 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+static bool FallocateFallback(int file_fd, uint64_t block_size, uint64_t file_size,
+                              const std::string& file_path,
+                              const std::function<bool(uint64_t, uint64_t)>& on_progress) {
+    // Even though this is much faster than writing zeroes, it is still slow
+    // enough that we need to fire the progress callback periodically. To
+    // easily achieve this, we seek in chunks. We use 1000 chunks since
+    // normally we only fire the callback on 1/1000th increments.
+    uint64_t bytes_per_chunk = std::max(file_size / 1000, block_size);
+
+    // Seek just to the end of each chunk and write a single byte, causing
+    // the filesystem to allocate blocks.
+    off_t cursor = 0;
+    off_t end = static_cast<off_t>(file_size);
+    while (cursor < end) {
+        cursor = std::min(static_cast<off_t>(cursor + bytes_per_chunk), end);
+        auto rv = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek(file_fd, cursor - 1, SEEK_SET));
+        if (rv < 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to lseek " << file_path;
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (rv != cursor - 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Seek returned wrong offset " << rv << " for file " << file_path;
+            return false;
+        }
+        char buffer[] = {0};
+        if (!android::base::WriteFully(file_fd, buffer, 1)) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Write failed: " << file_path;
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (on_progress && !on_progress(cursor, file_size)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 static bool AllocateFile(int file_fd, const std::string& file_path, uint64_t blocksz,
                          uint64_t file_size, unsigned int fs_type,
                          std::function<bool(uint64_t, uint64_t)> on_progress) {
@@ -245,28 +284,10 @@
                 return false;
             }
             break;
-        case MSDOS_SUPER_MAGIC: {
+        case MSDOS_SUPER_MAGIC:
             // fallocate() is not supported, and not needed, since VFAT does not support holes.
             // Instead we can perform a much faster allocation.
-            auto offset = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek(file_fd, file_size - 1, SEEK_SET));
-            if (offset < 0) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to lseek " << file_path;
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (offset != file_size - 1) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << "Seek returned wrong offset " << offset << " for file " << file_path;
-                return false;
-            }
-            char buffer[] = {0};
-            if (!android::base::WriteFully(file_fd, buffer, 1)) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Write failed: " << file_path;
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (on_progress && !on_progress(file_size, file_size)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return true;
-        }
+            return FallocateFallback(file_fd, blocksz, file_size, file_path, on_progress);
         default:
             LOG(ERROR) << "Missing fallocate() support for file system " << fs_type;
             return false;
@@ -288,16 +309,19 @@
     }
 
     int permille = -1;
-    for (; offset < file_size; offset += blocksz) {
+    while (offset < file_size) {
         if (!::android::base::WriteFully(file_fd, buffer.get(), blocksz)) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write" << blocksz << " bytes at offset" << offset
                         << " in file " << file_path;
             return false;
         }
+
+        offset += blocksz;
+
         // Don't invoke the callback every iteration - wait until a significant
         // chunk (here, 1/1000th) of the data has been processed.
         int new_permille = (static_cast<uint64_t>(offset) * 1000) / file_size;
-        if (new_permille != permille) {
+        if (new_permille != permille && static_cast<uint64_t>(offset) != file_size) {
             if (on_progress && !on_progress(offset, file_size)) {
                 return false;
             }
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer_test.cpp b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer_test.cpp
index 66eb9ae..4a1a5ab 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer_test.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/fiemap_writer_test.cpp
@@ -108,28 +108,29 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(access(testfile.c_str(), F_OK), 0);
 }
 
+TEST_F(FiemapWriterTest, CheckFileSize) {
+    // Create a large-ish file and test that the expected size matches.
+    FiemapUniquePtr fptr = FiemapWriter::Open(testfile, 1024 * 1024 * 16);
+    ASSERT_NE(fptr, nullptr);
+
+    struct stat s;
+    ASSERT_EQ(stat(testfile.c_str(), &s), 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint64_t>(s.st_size), fptr->size());
+}
+
 TEST_F(FiemapWriterTest, CheckProgress) {
     std::vector<uint64_t> expected;
     size_t invocations = 0;
     auto callback = [&](uint64_t done, uint64_t total) -> bool {
-        EXPECT_LT(invocations, expected.size());
+        if (invocations >= expected.size()) {
+            return false;
+        }
         EXPECT_EQ(done, expected[invocations]);
         EXPECT_EQ(total, gBlockSize);
         invocations++;
         return true;
     };
 
-    uint32_t fs_type;
-    {
-        auto ptr = FiemapWriter::Open(testfile, gBlockSize, true);
-        ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
-        fs_type = ptr->fs_type();
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(unlink(testfile.c_str()), 0);
-
-    if (fs_type != MSDOS_SUPER_MAGIC) {
-        expected.push_back(0);
-    }
     expected.push_back(gBlockSize);
 
     auto ptr = FiemapWriter::Open(testfile, gBlockSize, true, std::move(callback));
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@
 
     struct stat sb;
     ASSERT_EQ(stat(testfile.c_str(), &sb), 0);
-    EXPECT_EQ(sb.st_size, testfile_size);
+    EXPECT_GE(sb.st_size, testfile_size);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FiemapWriterTest, CheckFileExtents) {
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SplitFiemapTest, DeleteOnFail) {
-    auto ptr = SplitFiemap::Create(testfile, 1024 * 1024 * 10, 1);
+    auto ptr = SplitFiemap::Create(testfile, 1024 * 1024 * 100, 1);
     ASSERT_EQ(ptr, nullptr);
 
     std::string first_file = testfile + ".0001";
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/include/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.h b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/include/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.h
index 07f3c10..7b977e1 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/include/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.h
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/include/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.h
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@
     const std::vector<struct fiemap_extent>& extents();
     uint32_t block_size() const;
     uint64_t size() const { return total_size_; }
+    const std::string& bdev_path() const;
 
     // Non-copyable & Non-movable
     SplitFiemap(const SplitFiemap&) = delete;
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.cpp b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.cpp
index dbb67a8..a0ccc10 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap_writer/split_fiemap_writer.cpp
@@ -289,5 +289,9 @@
     return files_[0]->block_size();
 }
 
+const std::string& SplitFiemap::bdev_path() const {
+    return files_[0]->bdev_path();
+}
+
 }  // namespace fiemap_writer
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Android.bp b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
index a49fd9e..b7650a1 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Android.bp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
@@ -248,6 +248,7 @@
         "tests/files/offline/offset_arm/*",
         "tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_arm64/*",
         "tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_memory_only_arm64/*",
+        "tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/*",
         "tests/files/offline/straddle_arm/*",
         "tests/files/offline/straddle_arm64/*",
     ],
diff --git a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
index 89a6a79..a38236c 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@
   // Check if the start of this map is an embedded elf.
   uint64_t max_size = 0;
   if (Elf::GetInfo(memory.get(), &max_size)) {
+    elf_start_offset = offset;
     if (max_size > map_size) {
       if (memory->Init(name, offset, max_size)) {
         return memory.release();
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
       if (memory->Init(name, offset, map_size)) {
         return memory.release();
       }
+      elf_start_offset = 0;
       return nullptr;
     }
     return memory.release();
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
index a66685a..2ddadef 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0U, info.elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   // Read the valid part of the file.
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(0x100);
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0U, info.elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   // Verify the memory is a valid elf.
   uint8_t e_ident[SELFMAG + 1];
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0U, info.elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   // Verify the memory is a valid elf.
   uint8_t e_ident[SELFMAG + 1];
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
index b5feb38..86bc465 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
@@ -1372,4 +1372,56 @@
   // Ignore top frame since the test code was modified to end in __libc_init.
 }
 
+TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64) {
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/", ARCH_ARM64));
+
+  Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
+
+  std::string frame_info(DumpFrames(unwinder));
+  ASSERT_EQ(13U, unwinder.NumFrames()) << "Unwind:\n" << frame_info;
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "  #00 pc 00000000000814bc  libc.so (syscall+28)\n"
+      "  #01 pc 00000000008cdf5c  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #02 pc 00000000008cde9c  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #03 pc 00000000008cdd70  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #04 pc 00000000008ce408  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #05 pc 00000000008ce8d8  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #06 pc 00000000008ce814  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #07 pc 00000000008bcf60  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #08 pc 0000000000133024  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #09 pc 0000000000134ad0  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #10 pc 0000000000134b64  test.apk (offset 0x5000)\n"
+      "  #11 pc 00000000000e406c  libc.so (__pthread_start(void*)+36)\n"
+      "  #12 pc 0000000000085e18  libc.so (__start_thread+64)\n",
+      frame_info);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7cbe0b14bcULL, unwinder.frames()[0].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f077d0ULL, unwinder.frames()[0].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6715f5cULL, unwinder.frames()[1].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f077d0ULL, unwinder.frames()[1].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6715e9cULL, unwinder.frames()[2].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07800ULL, unwinder.frames()[2].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6715d70ULL, unwinder.frames()[3].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07840ULL, unwinder.frames()[3].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6716408ULL, unwinder.frames()[4].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07860ULL, unwinder.frames()[4].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be67168d8ULL, unwinder.frames()[5].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07880ULL, unwinder.frames()[5].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6716814ULL, unwinder.frames()[6].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f078f0ULL, unwinder.frames()[6].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be6704f60ULL, unwinder.frames()[7].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07910ULL, unwinder.frames()[7].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be5f7b024ULL, unwinder.frames()[8].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07950ULL, unwinder.frames()[8].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be5f7cad0ULL, unwinder.frames()[9].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07aa0ULL, unwinder.frames()[9].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be5f7cb64ULL, unwinder.frames()[10].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07ce0ULL, unwinder.frames()[10].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7cbe11406cULL, unwinder.frames()[11].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07d00ULL, unwinder.frames()[11].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7cbe0b5e18ULL, unwinder.frames()[12].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7be4f07d20ULL, unwinder.frames()[12].sp);
+}
+
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/libc.so b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/libc.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cac1dd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/libc.so
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/maps.txt b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/maps.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c5ca62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/maps.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+7be5e48000-7be6b2b000 r-xp 5000 00:00 0   test.apk
+7cbe030000-7cbe070000 r--p 0 00:00 0   libc.so
+7cbe070000-7cbe11a000 r-xp 40000 00:00 0   libc.so
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/regs.txt b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/regs.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..090aeda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/regs.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+x0: 7c326f6568
+x1: 80
+x2: 0
+x3: 0
+x4: 0
+x5: 0
+x6: 0
+x7: 7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f
+x8: 62
+x9: 1
+x10: 1
+x11: 0
+x12: ffffffffc4653600
+x13: 17645696f
+x14: 2742ed97ca77a3
+x15: 3ab49084
+x16: 7be6b6bdb8
+x17: 7cbe0b14a0
+x18: 7c2b02a000
+x19: 0
+x20: 7c326f6568
+x21: 7be69c827c
+x22: 7be69c8272
+x23: 1
+x24: 7be74f7100
+x25: 881
+x26: 7be4f07a00
+x27: c479c000
+x28: 7be4f07998
+x29: 7be4f079b4
+sp: 7be4f077d0
+lr: 7be6715f60
+pc: 7cbe0b14bc
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/stack.data b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/stack.data
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27d5bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/stack.data
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/test.apk b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/test.apk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70a9c71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/shared_lib_in_apk_single_map_arm64/test.apk
Binary files differ
diff --git a/lmkd/lmkd.c b/lmkd/lmkd.c
index 18421e8..2d3fbfc 100644
--- a/lmkd/lmkd.c
+++ b/lmkd/lmkd.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
  */
 #define PSI_WINDOW_SIZE_MS 1000
 /* Polling period after initial PSI signal */
-#define PSI_POLL_PERIOD_MS 200
+#define PSI_POLL_PERIOD_MS 40
 /* Poll for the duration of one window after initial PSI signal */
 #define PSI_POLL_COUNT (PSI_WINDOW_SIZE_MS / PSI_POLL_PERIOD_MS)
 
diff --git a/run-as/run-as.cpp b/run-as/run-as.cpp
index 8752eef..432c434 100644
--- a/run-as/run-as.cpp
+++ b/run-as/run-as.cpp
@@ -70,32 +70,40 @@
   return true; // Keep searching.
 }
 
-static bool check_directory(const char* path, uid_t uid) {
+static void check_directory(const char* path, uid_t uid) {
   struct stat st;
-  if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lstat(path, &st)) == -1) return false;
+  if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lstat(path, &st)) == -1) {
+    error(1, errno, "couldn't stat %s", path);
+  }
 
   // /data/user/0 is a known safe symlink.
-  if (strcmp("/data/user/0", path) == 0) return true;
+  if (strcmp("/data/user/0", path) == 0) return;
 
   // Must be a real directory, not a symlink.
-  if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) return false;
+  if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+    error(1, 0, "%s not a directory: %o", path, st.st_mode);
+  }
 
   // Must be owned by specific uid/gid.
-  if (st.st_uid != uid || st.st_gid != uid) return false;
+  if (st.st_uid != uid || st.st_gid != uid) {
+    error(1, 0, "%s has wrong owner: %d/%d, not %d", path, st.st_uid, st.st_gid, uid);
+  }
 
   // Must not be readable or writable by others.
-  if ((st.st_mode & (S_IROTH|S_IWOTH)) != 0) return false;
-
-  return true;
+  if ((st.st_mode & (S_IROTH | S_IWOTH)) != 0) {
+    error(1, 0, "%s readable or writable by others: %o", path, st.st_mode);
+  }
 }
 
 // This function is used to check the data directory path for safety.
 // We check that every sub-directory is owned by the 'system' user
 // and exists and is not a symlink. We also check that the full directory
 // path is properly owned by the user ID.
-static bool check_data_path(const char* data_path, uid_t uid) {
+static void check_data_path(const char* package_name, const char* data_path, uid_t uid) {
   // The path should be absolute.
-  if (data_path[0] != '/') return false;
+  if (data_path[0] != '/') {
+    error(1, 0, "%s data path not absolute: %s", package_name, data_path);
+  }
 
   // Look for all sub-paths, we do that by finding
   // directory separators in the input path and
@@ -110,26 +118,28 @@
     if (data_path[nn+1] == '\0') break;
 
     /* found a separator, check that data_path is not too long. */
-    if (nn >= (int)(sizeof subpath)) return false;
+    if (nn >= (int)(sizeof subpath)) {
+      error(1, 0, "%s data path too long: %s", package_name, data_path);
+    }
 
     /* reject any '..' subpath */
     if (nn >= 3               &&
         data_path[nn-3] == '/' &&
         data_path[nn-2] == '.' &&
         data_path[nn-1] == '.') {
-      return false;
+      error(1, 0, "%s contains '..': %s", package_name, data_path);
     }
 
     /* copy to 'subpath', then check ownership */
     memcpy(subpath, data_path, nn);
     subpath[nn] = '\0';
 
-    if (!check_directory(subpath, AID_SYSTEM)) return false;
+    check_directory(subpath, AID_SYSTEM);
   }
 
   // All sub-paths were checked, now verify that the full data
   // directory is owned by the application uid.
-  return check_directory(data_path, uid);
+  check_directory(data_path, uid);
 }
 
 std::vector<gid_t> get_supplementary_gids(uid_t userAppId) {
@@ -222,9 +232,7 @@
   }
 
   // Check that the data directory path is valid.
-  if (!check_data_path(info.data_dir, userAppId)) {
-    error(1, 0, "package has corrupt installation: %s", pkgname);
-  }
+  check_data_path(pkgname, info.data_dir, userAppId);
 
   // Ensure that we change all real/effective/saved IDs at the
   // same time to avoid nasty surprises.