camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp

/*
**
** Copyright 2008, The Android Open Source Project
**
** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
** You may obtain a copy of the License at
**
**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
**
** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
** limitations under the License.
*/


#define LOG_TAG "CameraService"
#include <utils/Log.h>

#include <utils/IServiceManager.h>
#include <utils/IPCThreadState.h>
#include <utils/String16.h>
#include <utils/Errors.h>
#include <utils/MemoryBase.h>
#include <utils/MemoryHeapBase.h>
#include <ui/ICameraService.h>

#include "CameraService.h"

namespace android {

extern "C" {
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
}

// When you enable this, as well as DEBUG_REFS=1 and
// DEBUG_REFS_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT=0 in libutils/RefBase.cpp, this will track all
// references to the CameraService::Client in order to catch the case where the
// client is being destroyed while a callback from the CameraHardwareInterface
// is outstanding.  This is a serious bug because if we make another call into
// CameraHardwreInterface that itself triggers a callback, we will deadlock.

#define DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES 0

#define PICTURE_TIMEOUT seconds(5)

#define DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE 0 /* n-th frame to write */
#define DEBUG_DUMP_JPEG_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE 0
#define DEBUG_DUMP_YUV_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE 0

#if DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE
static int debug_frame_cnt;
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

void CameraService::instantiate() {
    defaultServiceManager()->addService(
            String16("media.camera"), new CameraService());
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CameraService::CameraService() :
    BnCameraService()
{
    LOGI("CameraService started: pid=%d", getpid());
}

CameraService::~CameraService()
{
    if (mClient != 0) {
        LOGE("mClient was still connected in destructor!");
    }
}

sp<ICamera> CameraService::connect(const sp<ICameraClient>& cameraClient)
{
    LOGD("Connect E from ICameraClient %p", cameraClient->asBinder().get());

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
    if (mClient != 0) {
        sp<Client> currentClient = mClient.promote();
        if (currentClient != 0) {
            sp<ICameraClient> currentCameraClient(currentClient->getCameraClient());
            if (cameraClient->asBinder() == currentCameraClient->asBinder()) {
                // this is the same client reconnecting...
                LOGD("Connect X same client is reconnecting...");
                return currentClient;
            } else {
                // it's another client... boot the previous one...
                LOGD("new client connecting, booting the old one...");
                mClient.clear();
            }
        } else {
            // can't promote, the previous client has died...
            LOGD("new client connecting, old reference was dangling...");
            mClient.clear();
        }
    }

    // create a new Client object
    sp<Client> client = new Client(this, cameraClient);
    mClient = client;
#if DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES
    // Enable tracking for this object, and track increments and decrements of
    // the refcount.
    client->trackMe(true, true);
#endif
    LOGD("Connect X");
    return client;
}

void CameraService::removeClient(const sp<ICameraClient>& cameraClient)
{
    // declar this outside the lock to make absolutely sure the
    // destructor won't be called with the lock held.
    sp<Client> client;

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mClient == 0) {
        // This happens when we have already disconnected.
        LOGV("mClient is null.");
        return;
    }

    // Promote mClient. It should never fail because we're called from
    // a binder call, so someone has to have a strong reference.
    client = mClient.promote();
    if (client == 0) {
        LOGW("can't get a strong reference on mClient!");
        mClient.clear();
        return;
    }

    if (cameraClient->asBinder() != client->getCameraClient()->asBinder()) {
        // ugh! that's not our client!!
        LOGW("removeClient() called, but mClient doesn't match!");
    } else {
        // okay, good, forget about mClient
        mClient.clear();
    }
}

CameraService::Client::Client(const sp<CameraService>& cameraService,
        const sp<ICameraClient>& cameraClient) :
    mCameraService(cameraService), mCameraClient(cameraClient), mHardware(0)
{
    LOGD("Client E constructor");
    mHardware = openCameraHardware();
    mHasFrameCallback = false;
    LOGD("Client X constructor");
}

#if HAVE_ANDROID_OS
static void *unregister_surface(void *arg)
{
    ISurface *surface = (ISurface *)arg;
    surface->unregisterBuffers();
    IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
    return NULL;
}
#endif

CameraService::Client::~Client()
{ 
    // spin down hardware
    LOGD("Client E destructor");
    if (mSurface != 0) {
#if HAVE_ANDROID_OS
        pthread_t thr;
        // We unregister the buffers in a different thread because binder does
        // not let us make sychronous transactions in a binder destructor (that
        // is, upon our reaching a refcount of zero.)
        pthread_create(&thr, NULL, 
                       unregister_surface,
                       mSurface.get());
        pthread_join(thr, NULL);
#else
    	mSurface->unregisterBuffers();
#endif
    }

    disconnect();
    LOGD("Client X destructor");
}

void CameraService::Client::disconnect()
{
    LOGD("Client E disconnect");
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
    mCameraService->removeClient(mCameraClient);
    if (mHardware != 0) {
        // Before destroying mHardware, we must make sure it's in the
        // idle state.
        mHardware->stopPreview();
        // Cancel all picture callbacks.
        mHardware->cancelPicture(true, true, true);
        // Release the hardware resources.
        mHardware->release();
    }
    mHardware.clear();
    LOGD("Client X disconnect");
}

// pass the buffered ISurface to the camera service
status_t CameraService::Client::setPreviewDisplay(const sp<ISurface>& surface)
{
    LOGD("setPreviewDisplay(%p)", surface.get());
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
    Mutex::Autolock surfaceLock(mSurfaceLock);
    // asBinder() is safe on NULL (returns NULL)
    if (surface->asBinder() != mSurface->asBinder()) {
        if (mSurface != 0) {
            LOGD("clearing old preview surface %p", mSurface.get());
            mSurface->unregisterBuffers();
        }
        mSurface = surface;
    }
    return NO_ERROR;
}

// tell the service whether to callback with each preview frame
void CameraService::Client::setHasFrameCallback(bool installed)
{
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
    mHasFrameCallback = installed;
    // If installed is false, mPreviewBuffer will be released in stopPreview().
}

// start preview mode, must call setPreviewDisplay first
status_t CameraService::Client::startPreview()
{
    LOGD("startPreview()");

    /* we cannot call into mHardware with mLock held because
     * mHardware has callbacks onto us which acquire this lock
     */

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }
    
    if (mSurface == 0) {
        LOGE("setPreviewDisplay must be called before startPreview!");
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }
    
    // XXX: This needs to be improved. remove all hardcoded stuff
    
    int w, h;
    CameraParameters params(mHardware->getParameters());
    params.getPreviewSize(&w, &h);
    
    mSurface->unregisterBuffers();

#if DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE
    debug_frame_cnt = 0;
#endif
    
    status_t ret = mHardware->startPreview(previewCallback,
                                           mCameraService.get());
    if (ret == NO_ERROR) {
        mSurface->registerBuffers(w,h,w,h,
                                  PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_420_SP,
                                  mHardware->getPreviewHeap());
    }
    else LOGE("mHardware->startPreview() failed with status %d\n",
              ret);
    
    return ret;
}

// stop preview mode
void CameraService::Client::stopPreview()
{
    LOGD("stopPreview()");

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return;
    }

    mHardware->stopPreview();
    LOGD("stopPreview(), hardware stopped OK");
    
    if (mSurface != 0) {
        mSurface->unregisterBuffers();
    }
    mPreviewBuffer.clear();
}

// Safely retrieves a strong pointer to the client during a hardware callback.
sp<CameraService::Client> CameraService::Client::getClientFromCookie(void* user)
{
    sp<Client> client = 0;
    CameraService *service = static_cast<CameraService*>(user);
    if (service != NULL) {
        Mutex::Autolock ourLock(service->mLock);
        if (service->mClient != 0) {
            client = service->mClient.promote();
            if (client == 0) {
                LOGE("getClientFromCookie: client appears to have died");
                service->mClient.clear();
            }
        } else {
            LOGE("getClientFromCookie: got callback but client was NULL");
        }
    }
    return client;
}


#if DEBUG_DUMP_JPEG_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE || \
    DEBUG_DUMP_YUV_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE || \
    DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE
static void dump_to_file(const char *fname,
                         uint8_t *buf, uint32_t size)
{
    int nw, cnt = 0;
    uint32_t written = 0;

    LOGD("opening file [%s]\n", fname);
    int fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT);
    if (fd < 0) {
        LOGE("failed to create file [%s]: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
        return;
    }

    LOGD("writing %d bytes to file [%s]\n", size, fname);
    while (written < size) {
        nw = ::write(fd,
                     buf + written,
                     size - written);
        if (nw < 0) {
            LOGE("failed to write to file [%s]: %s",
                 fname, strerror(errno));
            break;
        }
        written += nw;
        cnt++;
    }
    LOGD("done writing %d bytes to file [%s] in %d passes\n",
         size, fname, cnt);
    ::close(fd);
}
#endif

// preview callback - frame buffer update
void CameraService::Client::previewCallback(const sp<IMemory>& mem, void* user)
{
    sp<Client> client = getClientFromCookie(user);
    if (client == 0) {
        return;
    }

#if DEBUG_HEAP_LEAKS && 0 // debugging
    if (gWeakHeap == NULL) {
        ssize_t offset;
        size_t size;
        sp<IMemoryHeap> heap = mem->getMemory(&offset, &size);
        if (gWeakHeap != heap) {
            LOGD("SETTING PREVIEW HEAP");
            heap->trackMe(true, true);
            gWeakHeap = heap;
        }
    }
#endif

#if DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE
    {
        if (debug_frame_cnt++ == DEBUG_DUMP_PREVIEW_FRAME_TO_FILE) {
            ssize_t offset;
            size_t size;
            sp<IMemoryHeap> heap = mem->getMemory(&offset, &size);
            dump_to_file("/data/preview.yuv",
                         (uint8_t *)heap->base() + offset, size);
        }
    }
#endif

    // The strong pointer guarantees the client will exist, but no lock is held.
    client->postFrame(mem);

#if DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES
    //**** if the client's refcount is 1, then we are about to destroy it here, 
    // which is bad--print all refcounts.
    if (client->getStrongCount() == 1) {
        LOGE("++++++++++++++++ (PREVIEW) THIS WILL CAUSE A LOCKUP!");
        client->printRefs();
    }
#endif
}

// take a picture - image is returned in callback
status_t CameraService::Client::autoFocus()
{
    LOGV("autoFocus");

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }

    return mHardware->autoFocus(autoFocusCallback,
                                mCameraService.get());
}

// take a picture - image is returned in callback
status_t CameraService::Client::takePicture()
{
    LOGD("takePicture");

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }
    
    if (mSurface != NULL)
        mSurface->unregisterBuffers();

    return mHardware->takePicture(shutterCallback,
                                  yuvPictureCallback,
                                  jpegPictureCallback,
                                  mCameraService.get());
}

// picture callback - snapshot taken
void CameraService::Client::shutterCallback(void *user)
{
    sp<Client> client = getClientFromCookie(user);
    if (client == 0) {
        return;
    }

    client->postShutter();
}

// picture callback - raw image ready
void CameraService::Client::yuvPictureCallback(const sp<IMemory>& mem,
                                               void *user)
{
    sp<Client> client = getClientFromCookie(user);
    if (client == 0) {
        return;
    }
    if (mem == NULL) {
        client->postRaw(NULL);
        client->postError(UNKNOWN_ERROR);
        return;
    }

    ssize_t offset;
    size_t size;
    sp<IMemoryHeap> heap = mem->getMemory(&offset, &size);
#if DEBUG_HEAP_LEAKS && 0 // debugging
    gWeakHeap = heap; // debugging
#endif

    //LOGV("yuvPictureCallback(%d, %d, %p)", offset, size, user);
#if DEBUG_DUMP_YUV_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE // for testing pursposes only
    dump_to_file("/data/photo.yuv",
                 (uint8_t *)heap->base() + offset, size);
#endif

    // Put the YUV version of the snapshot in the preview display.
    int w, h;
    CameraParameters params(client->mHardware->getParameters());
    params.getPictureSize(&w, &h);

//  Mutex::Autolock clientLock(client->mLock);
    if (client->mSurface != 0) {
        client->mSurface->unregisterBuffers();
        client->mSurface->registerBuffers(w,h,w,h,
                                          PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_420_SP, heap);
        client->mSurface->postBuffer(offset);
    }

    client->postRaw(mem);

#if DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES
    //**** if the client's refcount is 1, then we are about to destroy it here, 
    // which is bad--print all refcounts.
    if (client->getStrongCount() == 1) {
        LOGE("++++++++++++++++ (RAW) THIS WILL CAUSE A LOCKUP!");
        client->printRefs();
    }
#endif
}

// picture callback - jpeg ready
void CameraService::Client::jpegPictureCallback(const sp<IMemory>& mem, void *user)
{
    sp<Client> client = getClientFromCookie(user);
    if (client == 0) {
        return;
    }
    if (mem == NULL) {
        client->postJpeg(NULL);
        client->postError(UNKNOWN_ERROR);
        return;
    }

    /** We absolutely CANNOT call into user code with a lock held **/

#if DEBUG_DUMP_JPEG_SNAPSHOT_TO_FILE // for testing pursposes only
    {
        ssize_t offset;
        size_t size;
        sp<IMemoryHeap> heap = mem->getMemory(&offset, &size);
        dump_to_file("/data/photo.jpg",
                     (uint8_t *)heap->base() + offset, size);
    }
#endif

    client->postJpeg(mem);

#if DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES
    //**** if the client's refcount is 1, then we are about to destroy it here, 
    // which is bad--print all refcounts.
    if (client->getStrongCount() == 1) {
        LOGE("++++++++++++++++ (JPEG) THIS WILL CAUSE A LOCKUP!");
        client->printRefs();
    }
#endif
}

void CameraService::Client::autoFocusCallback(bool focused, void *user)
{
    LOGV("autoFocusCallback");

    sp<Client> client = getClientFromCookie(user);
    if (client == 0) {
        return;
    }

    client->postAutoFocus(focused);

#if DEBUG_CLIENT_REFERENCES
    if (client->getStrongCount() == 1) {
        LOGE("++++++++++++++++ (AUTOFOCUS) THIS WILL CAUSE A LOCKUP!");
        client->printRefs();
    }
#endif
}

// set preview/capture parameters - key/value pairs
status_t CameraService::Client::setParameters(const String8& params)
{
    LOGD("setParameters(%s)", params.string());

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }

    CameraParameters p(params);
    mHardware->setParameters(p);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

// get preview/capture parameters - key/value pairs
String8 CameraService::Client::getParameters() const
{
    LOGD("getParameters");

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

    if (mHardware == 0) {
        LOGE("mHardware is NULL, returning.");
        return String8();
    }

    return mHardware->getParameters().flatten();
}

void CameraService::Client::postAutoFocus(bool focused)
{
    LOGV("postAutoFocus");
    mCameraClient->autoFocusCallback(focused);
}

void CameraService::Client::postShutter()
{
    mCameraClient->shutterCallback();
}

void CameraService::Client::postRaw(const sp<IMemory>& mem)
{
    LOGD("postRaw");
    mCameraClient->rawCallback(mem);
}

void CameraService::Client::postJpeg(const sp<IMemory>& mem)
{
    LOGD("postJpeg");
    mCameraClient->jpegCallback(mem);
}

void CameraService::Client::postFrame(const sp<IMemory>& mem)
{
    ssize_t offset;
    size_t size;
    sp<IMemoryHeap> heap = mem->getMemory(&offset, &size);

    sp<MemoryBase> frame;

    {
        Mutex::Autolock surfaceLock(mSurfaceLock);
        if (mSurface != NULL)
            mSurface->postBuffer(offset);
    }
    
    // It is necessary to copy out of pmem before sending this to the callback.
    // For efficiency, reuse the same MemoryHeapBase provided it's big enough.
    // Don't allocate the memory or perform the copy if there's no callback.
    if (mHasFrameCallback) {
        if (mPreviewBuffer == 0) {
            mPreviewBuffer = new MemoryHeapBase(size, 0, NULL);
        } else if (size > mPreviewBuffer->virtualSize()) {
            mPreviewBuffer.clear();
            mPreviewBuffer = new MemoryHeapBase(size, 0, NULL);
        }
        memcpy(mPreviewBuffer->base(), (uint8_t *)heap->base() + offset, size);
        frame = new MemoryBase(mPreviewBuffer, 0, size);
    }
    
    // Do not hold the client lock while calling back.
    if (frame != 0) {
        mCameraClient->frameCallback(frame);
    }
}

void CameraService::Client::postError(status_t error) {
    mCameraClient->errorCallback(error);
}

status_t CameraService::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args)
{
    const size_t SIZE = 256;
    char buffer[SIZE];
    String8 result;
    if (checkCallingPermission(String16("android.permission.DUMP")) == false) {
        snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Permission Denial: "
                "can't dump CameraService from pid=%d, uid=%d\n",
                IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid(),
                IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());
        result.append(buffer);
        write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
    } else {
        AutoMutex lock(&mLock);
        if (mClient != 0) {
            sp<Client> currentClient = mClient.promote();
            currentClient->mHardware->dump(fd, args);
        } else {
            result.append("No camera client yet.\n");
            write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
        }
    }
    return NO_ERROR;
}


#if DEBUG_HEAP_LEAKS

#define CHECK_INTERFACE(interface, data, reply) \
        do { if (!data.enforceInterface(interface::getInterfaceDescriptor())) { \
            LOGW("Call incorrectly routed to " #interface); \
            return PERMISSION_DENIED; \
        } } while (0)

status_t CameraService::onTransact(
    uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
    // permission checks...
    switch (code) {
        case BnCameraService::CONNECT:
            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
            const int self_pid = getpid();
            if (pid != self_pid) {
                // we're called from a different process, do the real check
                if (!checkCallingPermission(
                        String16("android.permission.CAMERA")))
                {
                    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
                    LOGE("Permission Denial: "
                            "can't use the camera pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
                    return PERMISSION_DENIED;
                }
            }
            break;
    }

    status_t err = BnCameraService::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
    
    LOGD("+++ onTransact err %d code %d", err, code);

    if (err == UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION || err == PERMISSION_DENIED) {
        // the 'service' command interrogates this binder for its name, and then supplies it
        // even for the debugging commands.  that means we need to check for it here, using
        // ISurfaceComposer (since we delegated the INTERFACE_TRANSACTION handling to
        // BnSurfaceComposer before falling through to this code).

        LOGD("+++ onTransact code %d", code);

        CHECK_INTERFACE(ICameraService, data, reply);

        switch(code) {
        case 1000:
        {
            if (gWeakHeap != 0) {
                sp<IMemoryHeap> h = gWeakHeap.promote();
                IMemoryHeap *p = gWeakHeap.unsafe_get();
                LOGD("CHECKING WEAK REFERENCE %p (%p)", h.get(), p);
                if (h != 0)
                    h->printRefs();
                bool attempt_to_delete = data.readInt32() == 1;
                if (attempt_to_delete) {
                    // NOT SAFE!
                    LOGD("DELETING WEAK REFERENCE %p (%p)", h.get(), p);
                    if (p) delete p;
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
        }
        break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    return err;
}

#endif // DEBUG_HEAP_LEAKS

}; // namespace android